EP2602799A1 - Appareil de bobine et transformateur immergé - Google Patents

Appareil de bobine et transformateur immergé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2602799A1
EP2602799A1 EP11009669.0A EP11009669A EP2602799A1 EP 2602799 A1 EP2602799 A1 EP 2602799A1 EP 11009669 A EP11009669 A EP 11009669A EP 2602799 A1 EP2602799 A1 EP 2602799A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
transformer
fixture
rib
spacer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11009669.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2602799B1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Brendel
Jan Anger
Jonas Larsson
Erik Forsberg
Lars Schmidt
Marikka Hübner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
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Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP11009669.0A priority Critical patent/EP2602799B1/fr
Publication of EP2602799A1 publication Critical patent/EP2602799A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2602799B1 publication Critical patent/EP2602799B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coil-fixture for mounting on a front side of a hollow cylindrical high voltage transformer coil, comprising a ring-shaped ground plate with an inner opening for a limb of a transformer core, rib-like spacer-elements suitable for supporting at least the weight of a belonging transformer coil, which are arranged flat on one side of the ground-plate whereas flow-channels are foreseen inbetween the spacer elements which are leading directly or indirectly to an area around the inner opening.
  • transformers in energy distribution networks of for example with a rated voltage of 110kV or 380kV are usually designed as oil transformers.
  • the transformer core with its coils is arranged in an oil filled vessel, whereas the oil is on one side insulation medium and on the other side cooling medium.
  • the oil circulates inbetween cooling channels through the windings, where heat losses are generated during operation of the transformer, and a cooling device which transfers the heat from the oil to outer environment.
  • the circulation of the oil might be generated by a pump for example but also a natural circulation is possible.
  • the transformer coil has to become mechanically strengthened to withstand the mechanical forces which occur inbetween neighbored conductor windings during short-circuit, which might cause a temporary current of for example 100kA or higher.
  • a mechanical strengthening is required, whereas in radial direction the ring like arrangement of the windings around the winding axis is strong enough to withstand the belonging short-circuit forces.
  • the axial forces during short-circuit might, for example, be five times higher.
  • an axial clamping structure is required at both axial ends of the transformer coil, which puts an axial clamping pressure on the axial ends of the coil and which prevents a mechanical deformation of the coil in axial direction during short circuit.
  • This clamping structure has to be designed in a way that an oil flow through this structure to the inner cooling channels of the transformer coil clamped therein is enabled, respectively from the inner cooling channels through the clamping structure at the opposite side of the transformer winding.
  • the press ring is designed for withstanding the expected mechanical forces and has a typical thickness of for example 10cm, dependent on the belonging frame conditions.
  • the spacer-ring typically consists of a flat ring structure, where spacer-elements are mounted on.
  • the spacer elements are arranged in such a way, that flow channels inbetween adjacent spacer elements are built so that oil can flow through them and then into the axial cooling channels of the transformer coil.
  • the height of such spacer elements might be 4cm for example whereas they also have to fulfil requirements of electrical insulation.
  • a press ring is designed according to mechanical requirements and a spacer ring is designed according to electrical rules concerning the insulation and according to the requirements of the oil flow.
  • the spacer elements are only subject to an axial pressure force and a displacement along the surface of the flat ring structure has not to be expected therefore, no strong mechanical connection of the spacer elements is foreseen. Moreover, this are typically ashlar-like elements, for example cut from a longer bar with belonging cross section, which are stuck on the flat ring structure. A mechanical connection inbetween press-ring and spacer-ring is not foreseen.
  • Upper and lower press-rings are connected by an axial tension device to put a pressure force thereon.
  • the press-and spacer-rings comprise an inner hollow, of which the cross section corresponds more or less to the inner cross section of the hollow cylindrical transformer coil.
  • the basic idea of this invention consists in using the spacer ring, which has according to the state of the art no contribution to increase the flexural strength of a coil fixture, to increase its flexural strength.
  • the flexural strength of a part is on one side dependent on the height of the part and on the other side on the characteristics of the material. If for example two identical bars are placed on each other without any additional connection, the total flexural strength is twice as high as for one single bar. If on the other side a monolithic bar of the same material and same size is considered, the flexural strength is four times higher than for a single bar and twice as high as for the two single bars due to a quadratic dependency between thickness and flexural strength of monolithic parts.
  • a part can considered to be monolithic, if the rule above is in principal applicable thereon. This might for example also be valid for a part, which is glued together with a high tensile glue.
  • the spacer elements according to the invention are rib-like shaped - similar to a bar - they are also suitable for a contribution to an increased flexural strength of a coil fixture.
  • the whole coil-fixture is manufactured as one monolithic part, so that the effect of the quadratic dependency is also used there.
  • the rib-like distance elements have to be arranged in that way on the ground plate, that those areas of highest expected flexural stress are supported therewith.
  • the arrangement of transformer core, coil and coil fixture might be considered for placing the rib-like distance elements.
  • an arrangement of for example 9cm press ring and 5cm spacer ring can be replaced by a monolithic coil fixture of for example 11 cm with comparable and sufficient flexural strength.
  • a monolithic coil fixture of for example 11 cm with comparable and sufficient flexural strength.
  • the method of milling is used for the manufacturing of such monolithic coil fixture.
  • This is usually supported by CAD systems, so that a nearly unlimited variation of shapes can be realized therewith.
  • the monolithic part consists of laminated material.
  • a laminated material consists of several flat layers which are glued together by using a high pressure.
  • a monolithic block of extreme high stiffness is produced, which is also suitable to be milled in a desired shape.
  • the monolithic block respectively part consists at least predominantly of press-board. This is a cellulose based material of a high stiffness and excellent electrical insulation capability, which is very suitable for the use in oil transformers, for example as supporting element.
  • the rib-like spacer-elements are arranged on the ground plate at least predominantly radially to the inner opening.
  • Such radial arrangement is on one side advantageous for short flow-channels as for the mechanical stiffness of the coil fixture since there is preferably an equidistant angled arrangement of the spacer elements.
  • the rib-like spacer-elements are arranged on the ground plate at least predominantly concentrically to the inner opening. Also this arrangement is advantageous for a high mechanical stiffness respectively flexural strength, since the support by the rib-like spacer elements is not reduced in radial outer areas if a concentric arrangement is selected for example.
  • the position of the rib-like spacer elements corresponds to the arrangement of belonging support areas at the axial ends of the transformer coil which is intended to be placed thereon, so that the force or load transmission from spacer elements to the transformer coil is improved.
  • the radial inner width of at least one rib-like spacer element is higher than its radial outer width, so that the flow channels inbetween adjacent spacer elements are shaped like a flat widened cone.
  • the height of the spacer elements is preferably the same, for example 3 - 6cm.
  • a widened cone has to be seen in comparison to a cone, which is built inbetween ashlar-formed rib-like spacer elements.
  • the widened cone has a wider opening angle so that oil or any other fluid flowing through it gets an increased flowing speed in the radial inner area.
  • a kind of nozzle is formed, which injects the oil in the inner opening. Due to the increased turbulences within the oil the cooling effect is increased once more.
  • the coil fixture is congruently mounted at a front side of a hollow cylindrical high voltage transformer coil with axial cooling channels.
  • the sum of the respective minimal cross-sections of the flow channels leading to the area around the inner opening of the coil fixture is adapted to the sum of the cross-sections of the axial cooling channels of the transformer coil.
  • the rib-like spacer elements are shaped at their side-walls in a way which differs from a plane perpendicular to the ground plate, so that the axial creeping distance along the side walls is prolonged.
  • the production method of milling enables a high variation of shapes of the rib-like spacer elements.
  • Those spacer elements also have to fulfil requirements of insulation - each front side of a transformer coil is on high voltage level during the operation of the transformer, whereas the adjacent transformer core is on earth potential. Since the overall thickness of the coil fixture is reduced in an advantageous way by the invention, it is also within the scope of the invention to gain at least the same axial insulation ability which is provided by a comparable coil fixture according to the state of the art.
  • the manufacturing method of milling enables a wide variation of shapes, which prolongs the creeping distance along the axial surface.
  • the rib-like spacer elements and/or the side walls of the ground plate are shaped at their side-walls in a stepped manner. This can for example be graded or alternating such as a row of saw teeth.
  • an upper ground plate adjacent to the rib-like spacer elements and face to the ground plate is foreseen, so that a double stock coil-fixture plate is formed.
  • coil-fixture might be used as part of an oil chamber.
  • Such an oil chamber is typically placed under the lower front side of an upright transformer coil within an oil transformer and is used for pressuring oil through the cooling channels of the adjacent transformer coil.
  • a pump system is foreseen for feeding cold oil into the oil chamber.
  • the heated transformer oil is fed to an external cooling system, cooled down and then fed back to the oil chamber.
  • Such an oil chamber can be realized for example by additional bordering walls at the radial outer and inner edge of a coil fixture.
  • Those walls can be either mounted thereon as separate elements or be included in the monolithic structure of the coil-fixture. It is also thinkable to place such oil chamber on the belonging upper axial end of a transformer coil, wherein the oil chamber is the operated with under-pressure.
  • an oil transformer comprising a transformer vessel and a transformer core with at least one transformer coil mounted therein, whereas the transformer coil is clamped inbetween two coil fixtures, whereas the at least one coil fixture is built according to the invention.
  • This enables either to reduce the height of the transformer respectively the transformer vessel or to increase the rated power of a transformer with given size, since in this case the active part of the coil, the windings, is enlarged.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary first monolithic coil-fixture 10 in a three-dimensional view.
  • a ring-shaped ground plate 12 which has step graded side walls for increasing the axial creeping distance, four rib-like spacer elements 16, 18 are arranged in radial orientation.
  • the side walls of the rib-like spacer elements are shaped in stepped 20, 22 manner.
  • an inner opening 14 is foreseen, which also has a step graded shape for increasing the axial creeping distance.
  • flow channels are formed, which are marked with the dotted area 24 respectively the arrows 26, which indicate a flowing direction of a fluid through the flow channels.
  • this coil fixture Due to the monolithic arrangement of this coil fixture, its flexural stability is increased in an advantageous way compared to a composition of a comparable coil fixture from a press ring and a spacer ring. Thus the axial height of this coil fixture is reduced in an advantageous way while providing at least the same flexural stability than a composed press ring and spacer ring.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exemplary transformer coil 32 which is clamped inbetween a lower 36 and upper 38 coil fixture and arranged around a center axis 34 in a sketch 30.
  • the coil fixtures 36, 38 comprise on that side, which is face to the belonging front side of the transformer coil 32, rib-like spacer elements, whereas flow channels 40, 42 are formed inbetween them.
  • a pressure force 44 is applied on both coil fixtures 36, 38, for example by a tension rod respectively several tension rods.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary transformer core 52 with coil 58.
  • the coil 58 is arranged around of one of the three limbs 54, 56 of the transformer core 58 and clamped inbetween a lower 60 and an upper 62 monolithic coil fixture.
  • Additional press supports 64, 66 are foreseen at the top respectively bottom of the coil for fixing the coil 58 together with the transformer core 52.
  • a coil is arranged on each of the three limbs since it is required for a three phase transformer.
  • Fig. 4 shows an exemplary monolithic second coil-fixture 70 from a birds view perspective.
  • a ring-shaped ground-plate 72 with inner opening 80 several rib-like spacer elements 74, 76 are arranged along two concentric circles in tangential direction around a center axis 78.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary third coil-fixture 90 from a birds view perspective.
  • a ring shaped ground plate with inner opening 114 several rib-like spacer elements 92, 94, 96, 98 are arranged radially around the inner opening 114.
  • the coil fixture is divided into two exemplary areas by the dotted line 116. Above this line, ashlar-formed rib-like spacer elements 92, 94 are shown, that's radial inner width 102 and radial outer width 100 are the same. Inbetween the sides of the spacer elements radial flow channels are formed, as indicated with the arrow 108.
  • Fig. 6 shows an example for flexural strength of a laminated bar in a sketch 120.
  • Several layers 126, 128, 130, 132 of press board are laminated to a bar. Inbetween the laminated layers glue or example epoxy resin has been added during the lamination process.
  • the bar is seated on two triangular supports 122, 124.
  • a pressure force 134 is applied in the middle of the bar. As lower the bowing of the bar per pressure force as higher is the flexural strength. Due to the high-strength adhesion inbetween the different layers, the flexural strength of the laminated bar is at least as high as the flexural strength of a massive, non-laminated bar of the same size.
  • Fig. 7 shows examples for different cross-sections of bars.
  • the bar 142 on the left has the width b and the height h.
  • the two bars 144, 146 in the middle have the same cross section each, but are stacked on each other.
  • the flexural strength of the two stacked bars 144, 146 is twice as high as the flexural strength of the single bar 142.
  • the bar 148 on the right side has the same cross section than the two stacked bars, but is from a monolithic part, for example a laminated block of press board. Due to a quadratic dependency of the flexural strength on the height h, the right bar 148 has a four times higher flexural strength than the left bar 142. This effect is used for increasing the flexural strength of a monolithic coil fixture according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary oil chamber 150.
  • a disc-like ground plate 164 is surrounded by a radial inner 162 and radial outer 164 bordering wall. Both bordering walls have to be seen optional for such a double stock coil-fixture.
  • 162 flat perforated panels are foreseen, so that an inner area of the oil chamber is formed.
  • rib-like spacer elements 152, 154 are foreseen. If the filled inner oil chamber is charged with an over pressure the oil is flowing out through the perforation holes into the axial cooling channels of a belonging adjacent transformer winding.
  • an oil chamber comprises also the basic components of a coil-fixture and the structural advantages as mentioned before are also useable for an oil chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
EP11009669.0A 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Appareil de bobine et transformateur immergé Active EP2602799B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11009669.0A EP2602799B1 (fr) 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Appareil de bobine et transformateur immergé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11009669.0A EP2602799B1 (fr) 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Appareil de bobine et transformateur immergé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2602799A1 true EP2602799A1 (fr) 2013-06-12
EP2602799B1 EP2602799B1 (fr) 2015-12-02

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106356186A (zh) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-25 贵阳供电局 一种变压器器身定位方法及装置
CN110060855A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-07-26 中山展晖电子设备有限公司 双线包的固定块
CN112599338A (zh) * 2020-12-03 2021-04-02 常州西电变压器有限责任公司 一种可适形变化的挡油板
CN112951556A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-11 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 一种新型大容量轴向分裂变压器器身结构及散热方法
US20230395314A1 (en) * 2021-02-11 2023-12-07 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Winding, a transformer and a transformer arrangement
CN118231114A (zh) * 2024-05-27 2024-06-21 索高变压器有限公司 一种便于组装的干式变压器
US20240274349A1 (en) * 2021-02-11 2024-08-15 Hitachi Energy Ltd A transformer and a transformer arrangement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51127500A (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-06 Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd Press board lamination article for oil-filled electric apparatus
US4983859A (en) * 1988-08-25 1991-01-08 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Magnetic device for high-voltage pulse generating apparatuses
JP2009283757A (ja) * 2008-05-23 2009-12-03 Toshiba Industrial Products Manufacturing Corp 車両用変圧器
US20110267161A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2011-11-03 Ctm Magnetics, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling an annular inductor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51127500A (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-06 Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd Press board lamination article for oil-filled electric apparatus
US4983859A (en) * 1988-08-25 1991-01-08 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Magnetic device for high-voltage pulse generating apparatuses
US20110267161A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2011-11-03 Ctm Magnetics, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling an annular inductor
JP2009283757A (ja) * 2008-05-23 2009-12-03 Toshiba Industrial Products Manufacturing Corp 車両用変圧器

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106356186A (zh) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-25 贵阳供电局 一种变压器器身定位方法及装置
CN110060855A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-07-26 中山展晖电子设备有限公司 双线包的固定块
CN110060855B (zh) * 2019-05-17 2021-03-16 中山展晖电子设备有限公司 双线包的固定块
CN112599338A (zh) * 2020-12-03 2021-04-02 常州西电变压器有限责任公司 一种可适形变化的挡油板
US20230395314A1 (en) * 2021-02-11 2023-12-07 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Winding, a transformer and a transformer arrangement
US20240013963A1 (en) * 2021-02-11 2024-01-11 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag A winding, a transformer and a transformer arrangement
US11881349B2 (en) * 2021-02-11 2024-01-23 Hitachi Energy Ltd Winding, a transformer and a transformer arrangement
US20240274349A1 (en) * 2021-02-11 2024-08-15 Hitachi Energy Ltd A transformer and a transformer arrangement
US12080474B1 (en) * 2021-02-11 2024-09-03 Hitachi Energy Ltd Transformer and a transformer arrangement
CN112951556A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-11 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 一种新型大容量轴向分裂变压器器身结构及散热方法
CN118231114A (zh) * 2024-05-27 2024-06-21 索高变压器有限公司 一种便于组装的干式变压器

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