EP2602672A1 - Column wheel and chronograph mechanism comprising such a wheel - Google Patents

Column wheel and chronograph mechanism comprising such a wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2602672A1
EP2602672A1 EP11192668.9A EP11192668A EP2602672A1 EP 2602672 A1 EP2602672 A1 EP 2602672A1 EP 11192668 A EP11192668 A EP 11192668A EP 2602672 A1 EP2602672 A1 EP 2602672A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
columns
wheel
column
column wheel
chronograph
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11192668.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2602672B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Mertenat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
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ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse filed Critical ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority to EP11192668.9A priority Critical patent/EP2602672B1/en
Priority to US13/693,689 priority patent/US8920021B2/en
Priority to JP2012267863A priority patent/JP5443579B2/en
Priority to RU2012152917/12A priority patent/RU2603590C2/en
Priority to CN201210526521.1A priority patent/CN103163776B/en
Publication of EP2602672A1 publication Critical patent/EP2602672A1/en
Priority to HK13113953.3A priority patent/HK1186535A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2602672B1 publication Critical patent/EP2602672B1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0842—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms
    • G04F7/0847—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms with column wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/027—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots planar toothing: shape and design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/028—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots wheels in which the teeth are conic, contrate, etc; also column wheels construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0842—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms
    • G04F7/0857—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms with single push-button or actuation member for start-stop and reset

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-cycle chronograph mechanism arranged to control a chronograph hand and at least one counter hand so as to turn them on, to stop them, then to bring them back quickly to their starting point, at will , by successive pressures on the same push-button.
  • the present invention more specifically relates to such a three-stroke chronograph mechanism comprising a column wheel and in which the successive presses on the push button have the effect of progressively incrementing the angular position of the column wheel.
  • the figure 1 annexed shows a wheel with known columns.
  • the column wheel consists essentially of a ratchet wheel "r” and six teeth or columns “e” worn singing by the ratchet.
  • the ratchet wheel and the columns usually come from material, and as we can see on In the figure, the columns conventionally have a cross-section substantially in the form of a truncated triangle. This characteristic shape is related to the use of a milling cutter to carve the columns in the thickness of the wheel board.
  • the column wheel generally carries five or six columns (six in the illustrated example) and, in the case of a three-stroke chronograph, the ratchet comprises 3 teeth for each column (the ratchet includes 18 teeth in the illustrated example).
  • the column wheel When not actuated, the column wheel is held in a stable angular position by a jumper spring (not shown) whose end bears against the ratchet. The column wheel is further under the action of a ratchet (not shown).
  • the pawl is arranged to cooperate with the ratchet, and is controlled by the push button. Each pressure exerted on the pusher has the effect of moving the pawl so as to advance the column wheel of the angular value of a ratchet tooth.
  • the beaks of the different rockers are given shapes quite complex.
  • the tips of the control scales can have very different shapes as shown by the diagram of the figure 2 from the book already mentioned above. This diversity of form makes it difficult to standardize the production of chronographs.
  • the diagram of the figure 2 also shows that the width of the spouts is greater than those of the columns. This very common feature has the effect of reducing the length available for the stroke of the nozzles in the void between two columns. As a result, the levers and the columns are subjected to considerable mechanical forces. It would therefore be useful to create a chronograph mechanism in which the intensity of the mechanical forces would be less than in the existing mechanisms.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above.
  • the present invention achieves this object by providing a column wheel according to the appended claim 1, as well as a chronograph mechanism according to claim 7.
  • Figures 9 and 10 which represent a column wheel 40 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, we can see that the latter is essentially formed of a ratchet 42 and four columns 44 regularly distributed to the circumference of the ratchet.
  • the column wheel further comprises a hub 46 designed to be pivotally mounted about an axis of the chronograph mechanism (not shown in FIG. Figures 9 and 10 ).
  • the figure 9 still contains an arrow referenced R and intended to indicate the direction of rotation of the column wheel 40. Note that in the present example, it is clockwise.
  • the column wheel further comprises four arms 48 which respectively connect the four columns 44 to the hub 46 of the wheel.
  • the columns 44, the arms 48 and the hub 46 thus form a superstructure which has a rotation symmetry of order 4.
  • the ratchet 42 meanwhile, has 12 teeth spaced 30 ° from each other.
  • the perspective view of the figure 10 allows to clearly visualize the hub 46 and the arms 48 which connect the columns to the hub.
  • the presence of the arms and the hub makes it possible to stiffen the structure of the wheel in general, and the columns in particular. It will be understood that a more rigid column wheel allows operation with a particularly high level of precision.
  • the width of the arms at their narrowest point is considerably smaller than the width of the columns (here the width of a column is defined as the distance separating the leading edge from the trailing edge of this column).
  • the width of the arms 48 is less than half the width of the columns 44. In the present example, the width of an arm is even of the order of one third of the width of a column.
  • This feature of the invention makes it possible to arrange voids 45 in the superstructure of the column wheel. These voids are necessary to allow the beaks of the different flip-flops to dive sufficiently deep between the columns.
  • the hub 46 and the arms 48 have a height less than that of the columns 44.
  • the height of the arms will preferably be between 20% and 60% of the height of the columns.
  • An advantage of this latter feature is that it allows the stroke of the nose of a lever to be further extended both when diving and when lifting, provided that the lever is mounted high enough to allow the passage of the spout above the arms 48 of the column wheel.
  • the column wheel is entirely manufactured on a lathe. A manufacture without recovery on a lathe allows to give the piece a remarkable precision.
  • the figure 9 clearly shows the profile of the columns 40.
  • the profile of the columns generally corresponds to a warped ellipse, or more precisely perhaps, to the profile of an airplane wing.
  • leading edge of the columns referring to the direction of rotation of the column wheel
  • trailing edge of the columns will be trailing edge.
  • the columns also have an outer face (facing the outside of the column wheel) and an inner face (facing the hub 46). The outer face and the inner face meet at the leading edge and at the trailing edge.
  • the profile of the columns draws a circular arc substantially concentric with the column wheel. While at the inner face, the profile of the columns has a larger radius of curvature in the trailing edge region than in the leading edge region (as is the case with an airplane wing). classic).
  • ⁇ is defined by the angle that the inside faces with the outside face of a column in the region of the leading edge, and by ⁇ the angle made by the inside face with the outside face of a column. in the region of the trailing edge.
  • the two angles ⁇ and ⁇ are actually very rounded.
  • the fact that the angle ⁇ is very rounded has the advantage of facilitating the progression of the nozzle of a lever cooperating with the column during operation of the chronograph mechanism.
  • the angle ⁇ the fact that the angle is rounded does not really have any technical effect, and according to one variant, the angle ⁇ could be sharp.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ are respectively 58 degrees and 31 degrees.
  • the angle ⁇ may vary, but it is preferably between 55 and 65 degrees.
  • the angle ⁇ depends on the number of columns in the column wheel, and it will preferably be smaller when the columns are more numerous. However, the angle ⁇ will preferably be between 25 and 35 degrees.
  • the width of a column 44 naturally depends on the number of columns contained in the column wheel 40.
  • the columns of the column wheel are wider than the openings arranged between the columns.
  • FIGS 3 to 8 are bottom-side views of a watch movement according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • the watch movement shown is intended to be integrated into a wristwatch. Under these conditions, the crown-push which is represented at the top in the figures, would actually be at three o'clock if one looked at the dial side of a wristwatch containing the movement. It will therefore be understood that since Figures 3 to 8 are bottom-side views, the "noon" position of the watch is on the right side of the figures, and the hour turn extends counter-clockwise in the figures.
  • the Figures 3 to 8 represent the same chronograph mechanism according to a particular embodiment of the present invention at different phases of a complete cycle of its operation.
  • the chronograph mechanism shown comprises in particular a chronograph wheel 1, a clutch rocker 4 having a spout adapted to cooperate with the column wheel, an oscillating pinion 2 pivoted on a control lever. clutch 3, and two springs (referenced respectively 5a and 5b).
  • the clutch lever is arranged to pivot in either direction so as to alternately produce the disengagement or engagement of the gear of the oscillating gear 2 with that of the chronograph wheel 1.
  • the pivoting of the gear lever clutch 3 has the function of allowing the stopping and restarting of the chronograph.
  • the oscillating pinion 2 is driven permanently by the second mobile of the movement train (no represent). Under these conditions, when the chronograph wheel is engaged with the pinion 2, it is driven, and when the oscillating pinion is disengaged from its toothing, the chronograph wheel is disengaged.
  • the function of the spring 5a is to return the clutch lever, and the oscillating pinion which it bears, against the chronograph wheel.
  • the spring 5b it is arranged to recall the nose of the clutch rocker against the column wheel.
  • the clutch rocker 4 carries, at the end opposite the spout, a pin 6 provided to cooperate with a corresponding end of the clutch lever 3. It can be seen first of all that when the tip of the rocker 4 is lowered between two columns, as shown on the figures 4 and 5 in particular, the pin 6 is spaced from the clutch lever. Under these conditions, nothing prevents the spring 5a meshes the oscillating pinion 2 with the toothing of the chronograph wheel 1.
  • the chronograph mechanism shown further comprises a minute counter wheel 15 and an intermediate wheel 12.
  • the counter wheel 15 is driven by the chronograph wheel 1 via the wheel 12.
  • the axis of the chronograph wheel is that of the minute counter wheel both carry a reset heart (referenced respectively 7 and 17).
  • a hammer with two inclines is provided to cooperate with the two hearts.
  • This hammer is formed of a reset rocker 10 and a movable tip in the form of a spreader 9.
  • the movable tip is articulated on one end of the rocker 10 and has two inclined 8a, 8b which are provided to cooperate each with one of the two hearts 7, 17.
  • the reset rocker 10 is arranged to pivot, in one direction to lower the hammer against the hearts, or in the other direction to lift the hammer.
  • a spring 19 is still arranged to return the hammer against the hearts 7, 17 in the rest position.
  • the column wheel 40 which controls the tilting of the hammer.
  • the chronograph mechanism of the present example further comprises a brake constituted by a brake lever 30, one end of which carries a shoe 32 designed to immobilize the chronograph wheel 1 by acting on its periphery.
  • the brake rocker 30 is arranged to rotate alternately between a raised position where the pad 32 is held away from the chronograph wheel is a lowered position where the pad blocks the chronograph wheel.
  • a spring (not shown) is further arranged to recall the pad 32 against the chronograph wheel in the rest position.
  • it is also the column wheel 40 which controls the pivoting of the brake lever 30.
  • the chronograph mechanism of the invention further comprises a mechanism for controlling the column wheel.
  • This mechanism is a push mechanism.
  • the push mechanism is arranged to incrementally increment the angular position of the column wheel 40, when a user actuates the push button repeatedly.
  • the column wheel 40 is under the action of a column wheel jumper (referenced 50 in the figures 3 and 6 ) pressing against the teeth of the ratchet (referenced 42 in the Figures 9 and 10 ) so as to keep the column wheel in a stable position.
  • the push mechanism which, in the example shown, connects the button 67 of a push ring 65 to the column wheel 40 comprises a pawl 52, a pawl spring 54, a control lever 56, an intermediate lever of control 58 and a control spring 60.
  • the pusher ring 65 is arranged at "3 o'clock" at the periphery of the movement and is associated with a winding and setting rod (not shown) which extends towards the center of the movement.
  • the intermediate lever 58 is pivoted on the frame at "4 o'clock" and its slightly curved shape allows it to extend substantially along the periphery of the movement in the interval between "4 to 2 hours".
  • the intermediate lever at 3 o'clock a tongue 62 which is rotated towards the crown-push.
  • This tongue is bent at an angle of about 90 ° towards the dial side of the movement.
  • the tongue thus forms a flag that is approximately facing the crown-push.
  • the pusher has a bearing surface 69 which is arranged to press against the flag so as to actuate the intermediate lever of the control mechanism when the push button is actuated.
  • the control rocker 56 is pivoted on the frame at 1 o'clock and its slightly curved shape allows it to extend substantially along the periphery of the movement to near the push ring.
  • the control spring 60 is arranged to cooperate with the control rocker 56 so as to return the free end of the latter towards the periphery of the movement.
  • the free end of the rocker 56 carries a stepped post 57 arranged to cooperate with the distal end of the intermediate lever 58. It will therefore be understood that the pin 57 allows the spring 60 to permanently push the distal end lever 58 to the outside of the movement. It will further be understood that, conversely, when a user pivots the lever 58 by pressing the pusher, this also has the effect of pivoting the control lever 56.
  • the free end of the control rocker 56 carries the control rocker pawl (referenced 52).
  • the pawl 52 is pivoted freely on the end of the rocker and is pressed against the ratchet toothing 42 of the column wheel by the pawl spring 54.
  • the pawl 52 is thus arranged to cooperate with the teeth of the ratchet 42, and when under the effect of a pressure on the pusher, the end of the control rocker 56 is pivoted towards the center of the movement, the pawl 52 accompanies the movement by advancing the column wheel of the value of a ratchet tooth.
  • the control spring 60 returns to its rest position at the rocker 56 and the lever 58.
  • the pawl 52 also slides backwards by sliding on the incline of a tooth of ratchet. The ratchet is thus ready to actuate the next tooth, when the next push on the pusher.
  • the chronograph mechanism stopped, after being reset. All the elements of the chronograph mechanism are stopped except for the oscillating pinion 2 which is permanently driven by the watch movement (the direction of rotation of the oscillating pinion is indicated by the arrow).
  • the figure 4 illustrates the moment when the chronograph mechanism is turned on.
  • the button 67 of the push-button is depressed and the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56 have pivoted towards the center of the movement by driving the pawl 52.
  • This movement of the pawl advances the column wheel 40 by 30 ° clockwise.
  • the rotation of 30 ° of the column wheel has the effect, on the one hand, to raise the spout of the reset lever 10, pivoting it so as to lift the hammer and to release the cores 7, 17.
  • the rotation of the column wheel also has the effect of plunging the nose of the clutch rocker 4 into the space between two columns (referenced 44 on the Figures 9 and 10 ).
  • the figure 5 shows the chronograph mechanism in operation.
  • the button 67 of the pusher ring 65 has returned to its rest position, as are also the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56.
  • the pawl 52 has also turned back, and is ready to actuate the next tooth when the pusher will be operated again.
  • the chronograph wheel 1, the intermediate wheel 12 and the minute counter wheel 15 are rotated by the oscillating gear 2 in the direction indicated by the arrows in the figure.
  • the figure 6 illustrates the moment of stop of the chronograph mechanism.
  • the push-button 67 is depressed and the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56 have again pivoted towards the center of the movement by driving the pawl 52 and rotating a again the column wheel of 30 °.
  • This new incrementation of the column wheel has the effect, on the one hand, to raise the spout of the clutch lever 4, causing the oscillating pinion 2 to disengage from the chronograph wheel 1.
  • the rotation of the column wheel also has the effect of plunging the nose of the brake lever 30 in the space between two columns 44 by pivoting the rocker. As seen above, the pivoting of the rocker 30 lowers the pad 32 against the chronograph wheel 1, so that the pad blocks the chronograph wheel.
  • the figure 7 shows the stopped chronograph mechanism.
  • the push-button button 65 has returned to its rest position, as are also the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56.
  • the pawl 52 has also turned back, and is ready to actuate the next tooth when the pusher will be operated again.
  • the shoe 32 of the brake lever 30 retains the chronograph wheel 1, and the minute counter wheel 15, in the position in which the mechanism of chronograph was stopped, allowing the reading of the time elapsed between the start and stop of the chronograph mechanism.
  • the figure 8 illustrates the moment of resetting the chronograph mechanism.
  • the button 67 is depressed and the intermediate lever 58 as well as the control lever 56 have again pivoted towards the center of the movement by driving the pawl 52 and by incrementing again the column wheel of 30 °.
  • This new displacement of the column wheel has the effect, on the one hand, to raise the spout of the brake lever 30, causing the shoe 32 to move away from the chronograph wheel 1.
  • the rotation of the column wheel also has the effect of plunging the tip of the reset rocker 10 in the space between two columns 44, thus pivoting the rocker.
  • This pivoting of the rocker has the effect of lowering the two inclined 8a and 8b of the hammer respectively against the two cores 7, 17, so as to bring the chronograph wheel 1 and the minute counter wheel 15 to their starting positions. respectively.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The wheel (40) has a ratchet (42) and a central hub. A superstructure is arranged coaxial to the column wheel, where the superstructure comprises a set of radial arms, and a set of columns that is parallel to an axis of rotation of the column wheel. The set of columns is regularly distributed along a circumference of the column wheel. A width of the columns measured between a leading edge and a trailing edge is larger than a width of openings between the columns. A width of the arms at a narrowest point is less than half the width of the columns. An independent claim is also included for a stop watch.

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention concerne un mécanisme de chronographe à trois temps agencé pour commander une aiguille de chronographe et au moins une aiguille de compteur de manière à les mettre en marche, à les arrêter, puis à les ramener rapidement à leur point de départ, à volonté, par des pressions successives sur un même bouton-poussoir. La présente invention concerne plus spécifiquement un tel mécanisme de chronographe à trois temps comportant une roue à colonnes et dans lequel les pressions successives sur le bouton-poussoir ont pour effet d'incrémenter progressivement la position angulaire de la roue à colonnes.The present invention relates to a three-cycle chronograph mechanism arranged to control a chronograph hand and at least one counter hand so as to turn them on, to stop them, then to bring them back quickly to their starting point, at will , by successive pressures on the same push-button. The present invention more specifically relates to such a three-stroke chronograph mechanism comprising a column wheel and in which the successive presses on the push button have the effect of progressively incrementing the angular position of the column wheel.

ART ANTERIEURPRIOR ART

Des mécanismes de chronographe correspondant à la définition ci-dessus sont bien connus de l'homme du métier. En particulier, l'ouvrage de Monsieur B. Humbert intitulé « Le chronographe, son fonctionnement, sa réparation (5ème édition)», publié par les Editions Scriptar S.A., La Conversion (Suisse), 1990 , décrit en détail ce type de chronographe, tout en exposant les particularités d'un certain nombre de variantes connues.Chronograph mechanisms corresponding to the above definition are well known to those skilled in the art. In particular, the work of Monsieur B. Humbert entitled "The chronograph, its operation, its repair (5th edition)", published by Editions Scriptar SA, La Conversion (Switzerland), 1990 , describes in detail this type of chronograph, while exposing the particularities of a number of known variants.

La figure 1 annexée montre une roue à colonnes connues. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure, la roue à colonnes est essentiellement constituée d'une roue à rochet « r » et de six dents ou colonnes « e » portées de chant par le rochet. De nos jours, la roue à rochet et les colonnes viennent généralement de matière, et comme on peut le voir sur la figure, les colonnes présentent classiquement une section transversale sensiblement en forme de triangle tronqué. Cette forme caractéristique est liée à l'utilisation d'une fraise pour sculpter les colonnes dans l'épaisseur de la planche de la roue. La roue à colonnes porte généralement cinq ou six colonnes (six dans l'exemple illustré) et, dans le cas d'un chronographe à trois temps, le rochet comprend 3 dents pour chaque colonne (le rochet comprend 18 dents dans l'exemple illustré). Lorsqu'elle n'est pas actionnée, la roue à colonnes est maintenue dans une position angulaire stable par un ressort sautoir (non représenté) dont l'extrémité appuie contre le rochet. La roue à colonnes est de plus sous l'action d'un cliquet (non représenté). Le cliquet est arrangé pour coopérer avec le rochet, et il est commandé par le bouton-poussoir. Chaque pression exercée sur le poussoir a pour effet de déplacer le cliquet de façon à faire avancer la roue à colonnes de la valeur angulaire d'une dent de rochet.The figure 1 annexed shows a wheel with known columns. As can be seen in the figure, the column wheel consists essentially of a ratchet wheel "r" and six teeth or columns "e" worn singing by the ratchet. Nowadays, the ratchet wheel and the columns usually come from material, and as we can see on In the figure, the columns conventionally have a cross-section substantially in the form of a truncated triangle. This characteristic shape is related to the use of a milling cutter to carve the columns in the thickness of the wheel board. The column wheel generally carries five or six columns (six in the illustrated example) and, in the case of a three-stroke chronograph, the ratchet comprises 3 teeth for each column (the ratchet includes 18 teeth in the illustrated example). ). When not actuated, the column wheel is held in a stable angular position by a jumper spring (not shown) whose end bears against the ratchet. The column wheel is further under the action of a ratchet (not shown). The pawl is arranged to cooperate with the ratchet, and is controlled by the push button. Each pressure exerted on the pusher has the effect of moving the pawl so as to advance the column wheel of the angular value of a ratchet tooth.

Il faut normalement exercer trois pressions sur le poussoir, pour qu'une colonne prenne la place de la précédente, ce qui correspond aux trois fonctions classiques du chronographe : le départ, l'arrêt, et la remise à zéro. Ces fonctions sont déclenchées par des bascules (ou leviers) de commandes qui sont eux-mêmes agencés pour être actionnés par les colonnes de la roue à colonnes. Les bascules sont arrangées de manière à ce que la trajectoire définie par la progression pas à pas des colonnes croise celle des becs des bascules. Ainsi, lorsqu'une colonne rencontre le bec d'une bascule, elle force le bec à se soulever. Puis lorsque, avançant encore, la colonne se dégage de sous le bec, ce dernier peut plonger dans le vide entre deux colonnes, permettant ainsi à la bascule de s'abaisser. On comprend donc que c'est la position angulaire de la roue à colonnes qui détermine le déclenchement ou l'interruption des fonctions du mécanisme de chronographe.It normally takes three pushes on the pusher, so that a column takes the place of the previous, which corresponds to the three classic functions of the chronograph: the start, stop, and reset. These functions are triggered by flip-flops (or levers) of commands which are themselves arranged to be actuated by the columns of the column wheel. The latches are arranged in such a way that the trajectory defined by the stepwise progression of the columns crosses that of the beaks of the latches. Thus, when a column meets the tip of a rocker, it forces the beak to rise. Then when, advancing still, the column is released from under the spout, the latter can plunge into the void between two columns, allowing the rocker to lower. It is therefore clear that it is the angular position of the column wheel which determines the triggering or interruption of the functions of the chronograph mechanism.

A fin d'avoir une précision optimale quant au moment précis où le bec de tel ou tel bascule se soulève ou redescend dans le vide entre deux colonnes, on donne aux becs des différentes bascules des formes assez complexes. En outre, il est habituellement nécessaire de retoucher les becs des bascules une fois le mécanisme de chronographe assemblé, ce qui augmente considérablement le prix de revient des chronographes. De plus, les becs des bascules de commandes peuvent avoir des formes très variées comme en témoigne le schéma de la figure 2 tiré du livre déjà mentionné plus haut. Cette diversité de forme rend difficile la standardisation de la production des chronographes. Finalement, le schéma de la figure 2 permet également d'observer que la largeur des becs est supérieure à celles des colonnes. Cette caractéristique très courante a pour effet de réduire la longueur disponible pour la course des becs dans le vide entre deux colonnes. En conséquence, les leviers et les colonnes sont soumis à des efforts mécaniques considérables. Il serait donc utile de réaliser un mécanisme de chronographe dans lequel l'intensité des efforts mécaniques serait moindre que dans les mécanismes existants.In order to have an optimal precision as to the precise moment when the beak of this or that rocker is raised or lowered in the void between two columns, the beaks of the different rockers are given shapes quite complex. In addition, it is usually necessary to retouch the flip-flops once the assembled chronograph mechanism, which greatly increases the cost of chronographs. In addition, the tips of the control scales can have very different shapes as shown by the diagram of the figure 2 from the book already mentioned above. This diversity of form makes it difficult to standardize the production of chronographs. Finally, the diagram of the figure 2 also shows that the width of the spouts is greater than those of the columns. This very common feature has the effect of reducing the length available for the stroke of the nozzles in the void between two columns. As a result, the levers and the columns are subjected to considerable mechanical forces. It would therefore be useful to create a chronograph mechanism in which the intensity of the mechanical forces would be less than in the existing mechanisms.

BREF EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONBRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Un but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur susmentionnés. La présente invention atteint ce but en fournissant une roue à colonnes conforme à la revendication 1 annexée, ainsi qu'un mécanisme de chronographe conforme à la revendication 7.An object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above. The present invention achieves this object by providing a column wheel according to the appended claim 1, as well as a chronograph mechanism according to claim 7.

BREVES DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en plan de dessus d'une roue à colonnes à trois temps de l'art antérieur ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en plan de dessus illustrant diverses interactions possibles entre colonnes et becs de bascules dans un mécanisme de chronographe de l'art antérieur ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en plan d'un mécanisme de chronographe correspondant à un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, le mécanisme de chronographe étant mis à zéro, prêt à démarrer ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en plan du mécanisme de chronographe de la figure 3 à l'instant de la mise en marche ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en plan du mécanisme de chronographe des figures 3 et 4 durant la marche ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en plan du mécanisme de chronographe des figures 3 à 5, à l'instant de l'arrêt ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en plan du mécanisme de chronographe des figures 3 à 6, à l'arrêt ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en plan du mécanisme de chronographe des figures 3 à 7, à l'instant de la remise à zéro ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue en plan de dessus de la roue à colonnes du mécanisme de chronographe des figures 3 à 8 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective de la roue à colonnes de la figure 9.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example, and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a top plan view of a prior art three-stage column wheel;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic top plan view illustrating various possible interactions between columns and flip-flops in a chronograph mechanism of the prior art;
  • the figure 3 is a plan view of a chronograph mechanism corresponding to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the chronograph mechanism being set to zero, ready to start;
  • the figure 4 is a plan view of the chronograph mechanism of the figure 3 at the moment of start-up;
  • the figure 5 is a plan view of the chronograph mechanism of the figures 3 and 4 during the walk;
  • the figure 6 is a plan view of the chronograph mechanism of the Figures 3 to 5 , at the moment of the judgment;
  • the figure 7 is a plan view of the chronograph mechanism of the Figures 3 to 6 , stopped ;
  • the figure 8 is a plan view of the chronograph mechanism of the Figures 3 to 7 at the moment of resetting;
  • the figure 9 is a top plan view of the column wheel of the chronograph mechanism of the Figures 3 to 8 ;
  • the figure 10 is a perspective view of the column wheel of the figure 9 .

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE D'UN MODE DE REALISATIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT

En se référant tout d'abord aux figures 9 et 10 qui représentent une roue à colonnes 40 conforme à un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, on peut voir que cette dernière est essentiellement formée d'un rochet 42 et de quatre colonnes 44 réparties de manière régulière à la circonférence du rochet. La roue à colonnes comporte encore un moyeu 46 prévu pour être monté pivotant autour d'un axe du mécanisme de chronographe (non représenté sur les figures 9 et 10). La figure 9 contient encore une flèche référencée R et destinée à indiquer le sens de rotation de la roue à colonnes 40. On notera que, dans le présent exemple, il s'agit du sens horaire.Referring first to Figures 9 and 10 which represent a column wheel 40 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, we can see that the latter is essentially formed of a ratchet 42 and four columns 44 regularly distributed to the circumference of the ratchet. The column wheel further comprises a hub 46 designed to be pivotally mounted about an axis of the chronograph mechanism (not shown in FIG. Figures 9 and 10 ). The figure 9 still contains an arrow referenced R and intended to indicate the direction of rotation of the column wheel 40. Note that in the present example, it is clockwise.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la roue à colonnes comporte encore quatre bras 48 qui relient respectivement les quatre colonnes 44 au moyeu 46 de la roue. Les colonnes 44, les bras 48 et le moyeu 46 forment ainsi une superstructure qui possède une symétrie de rotation d'ordre 4. Le rochet 42, quant à lui, compte 12 dents espacées de 30° l'une de l'autre. L'homme du métier comprendra donc que la roue à colonnes du présent exemple est bien une roue à colonnes à 12/4 de temps (3 temps).In the example shown, the column wheel further comprises four arms 48 which respectively connect the four columns 44 to the hub 46 of the wheel. The columns 44, the arms 48 and the hub 46 thus form a superstructure which has a rotation symmetry of order 4. The ratchet 42, meanwhile, has 12 teeth spaced 30 ° from each other. Those skilled in the art will therefore understand that the column wheel of the present example is indeed a column wheel 12/4 time (3 times).

La vue en perspective de la figure 10 permet de bien visualiser le moyeu 46 et les bras 48 qui relient les colonnes au moyeu. La présence des bras et du moyeu permet de rigidifier la structure de la roue en général, et les colonnes en particulier. On comprendra qu'une roue à colonnes plus rigide permet un fonctionnement avec un niveau de précision particulièrement élevé. On peut encore observer que la largeur des bras à leur point le plus étroit est considérablement inférieure à la largeur des colonnes (on définit ici la largeur d'une colonne comme la distance séparant le bord d'attaque du bord de fuite de cette colonne). Selon l'invention, la largeur des bras 48 est inférieure à la moitié de la largeur des colonnes 44. Dans le présent exemple, la largeur d'un bras est même de l'ordre du tiers de la largeur d'une colonne. Cette caractéristique de l'invention permet d'aménager des vides 45 dans la superstructure de la roue à colonnes. Ces vides sont nécessaires pour permettre aux becs des différentes bascules de plonger suffisamment profondément entre les colonnes.The perspective view of the figure 10 allows to clearly visualize the hub 46 and the arms 48 which connect the columns to the hub. The presence of the arms and the hub makes it possible to stiffen the structure of the wheel in general, and the columns in particular. It will be understood that a more rigid column wheel allows operation with a particularly high level of precision. It can still be observed that the width of the arms at their narrowest point is considerably smaller than the width of the columns (here the width of a column is defined as the distance separating the leading edge from the trailing edge of this column). . According to the invention, the width of the arms 48 is less than half the width of the columns 44. In the present example, the width of an arm is even of the order of one third of the width of a column. This feature of the invention makes it possible to arrange voids 45 in the superstructure of the column wheel. These voids are necessary to allow the beaks of the different flip-flops to dive sufficiently deep between the columns.

On peut encore voir sur la figure 10 que le moyeu 46 et les bras 48 ont une hauteur inférieure à celle des colonnes 44. La hauteur des bras sera de préférence comprise entre 20% et 60% de la hauteur des colonnes. Un avantage de cette dernière caractéristique est qu'elle permet d'allonger encore la course du bec d'un levier en plongée comme en levée, pour autant que ce levier soit monté suffisamment haut pour permettre le passage du bec au dessus des bras 48 de la roue à colonnes. De préférence, on fabrique entièrement la roue à colonnes sur une décolleteuse. Une fabrication sans reprise sur une décolleteuse permet de donner à la pièce une précision remarquable.We can still see on the figure 10 that the hub 46 and the arms 48 have a height less than that of the columns 44. The height of the arms will preferably be between 20% and 60% of the height of the columns. An advantage of this latter feature is that it allows the stroke of the nose of a lever to be further extended both when diving and when lifting, provided that the lever is mounted high enough to allow the passage of the spout above the arms 48 of the column wheel. Preferably, the column wheel is entirely manufactured on a lathe. A manufacture without recovery on a lathe allows to give the piece a remarkable precision.

La figure 9 montre clairement le profil des colonnes 40. On peut observer que le profil des colonnes correspond de façon générale à une ellipse gauchie, ou plus précisément peut-être, au profil d'une aile d'avion. On désignera donc par bord d'attaque le côté avant des colonnes (en se référant au sens de rotation de la roue à colonnes), et par bord de fuite le bord arrière des colonnes. Les colonnes présentent également une face extérieure (tournée vers l'extérieure de la roue à colonnes) et une face intérieure (tournée vers le moyeu 46). La face extérieure et la face intérieure se rejoigne au niveau du bord d'attaque et au niveau du bord de fuite. On peut observer qu'en ce qui concerne leur face extérieure, le profil des colonnes dessine un arc de cercle sensiblement concentrique à la roue à colonnes. Tandis qu'au niveau de la face intérieure, le profil des colonnes présente un rayon de courbure plus grand dans la région du bord de fuite que dans la région du bord d'attaque (comme c'est le cas avec une aile d'avion classique).The figure 9 clearly shows the profile of the columns 40. It can be observed that the profile of the columns generally corresponds to a warped ellipse, or more precisely perhaps, to the profile of an airplane wing. Thus, the leading edge of the columns (referring to the direction of rotation of the column wheel) will be designated by leading edge, and the trailing edge of the columns will be trailing edge. The columns also have an outer face (facing the outside of the column wheel) and an inner face (facing the hub 46). The outer face and the inner face meet at the leading edge and at the trailing edge. It can be observed that with regard to their outer face, the profile of the columns draws a circular arc substantially concentric with the column wheel. While at the inner face, the profile of the columns has a larger radius of curvature in the trailing edge region than in the leading edge region (as is the case with an airplane wing). classic).

Sur la figure 9, on a désigné par α l'angle que fait la face intérieure avec la face extérieure d'une colonne dans la région du bord d'attaque, et par β l'angle que fait la face intérieure avec la face extérieure d'une colonne dans la région du bord de fuite. On peut voir sur la figure 9 que les deux angles α et β sont en réalité très arrondis. Le fait que l'angle α soit très arrondi présent l'avantage de faciliter la progression du bec d'un levier coopérant avec la colonne lors du fonctionnement du mécanisme de chronographe. Concernant l'angle β, le fait que l'angle soit arrondi n'a pas vraiment d'effet technique, et selon une variante, l'angle β pourrait être tranchant. Dans l'exemple illustré, les angles α et β valent respectivement 58 degrés et 31 degrés. Selon diverses variantes de réalisation, l'angle α peut varier, mais il est de préférence compris entre 55 et 65 degrés. L'angle β, quant à lui, dépend du nombre de colonnes que comporte la roue à colonnes, et il sera de préférence plus petit lorsque les colonnes sont plus nombreuses. Toutefois, l'angle β sera de préférence compris entre 25 et 35 degrés.On the figure 9 α is defined by the angle that the inside faces with the outside face of a column in the region of the leading edge, and by β the angle made by the inside face with the outside face of a column. in the region of the trailing edge. We can see on the figure 9 that the two angles α and β are actually very rounded. The fact that the angle α is very rounded has the advantage of facilitating the progression of the nozzle of a lever cooperating with the column during operation of the chronograph mechanism. Regarding the angle β, the fact that the angle is rounded does not really have any technical effect, and according to one variant, the angle β could be sharp. In the illustrated example, the angles α and β are respectively 58 degrees and 31 degrees. According to various alternative embodiments, the angle α may vary, but it is preferably between 55 and 65 degrees. The angle β, in turn, depends on the number of columns in the column wheel, and it will preferably be smaller when the columns are more numerous. However, the angle β will preferably be between 25 and 35 degrees.

Finalement, la largeur d'une colonne 44 dépend naturellement du nombre de colonnes que comporte la roue à colonnes 40. Toutefois, selon l'invention, les colonnes de la roue à colonnes sont plus larges que les ouvertures aménagées entre les colonnes.Finally, the width of a column 44 naturally depends on the number of columns contained in the column wheel 40. However, according to the invention, the columns of the column wheel are wider than the openings arranged between the columns.

Les figures 3 à 8 sont des vues côté fond d'un mouvement horloger selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention. Le mouvement horloger représenté est prévu pour être intégré à une montre-bracelet. Dans ces conditions, la couronne-poussoir qui est représentée en haut sur les figures, se situerait en fait à trois heures si l'on regardait le côté cadran d'une montre-bracelet contenant le mouvement. On comprendra donc que, puisque les figures 3 à 8 sont des vues du côté fond, la position « midi » de la montre se trouve du côté droite des figures, et le tour d'heures s'étend dans le sens antihoraire sur les figures.The Figures 3 to 8 are bottom-side views of a watch movement according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. The watch movement shown is intended to be integrated into a wristwatch. Under these conditions, the crown-push which is represented at the top in the figures, would actually be at three o'clock if one looked at the dial side of a wristwatch containing the movement. It will therefore be understood that since Figures 3 to 8 are bottom-side views, the "noon" position of the watch is on the right side of the figures, and the hour turn extends counter-clockwise in the figures.

Les figures 3 à 8 représentent le même mécanisme de chronographe conforme à un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention à différentes phases d'un cycle complet de son fonctionnement. En plus d'une roue à colonnes 40, le mécanisme de chronographe représenté comprend notamment une roue de chronographe 1, une bascule d'embrayage 4 présentant un bec prévu pour coopérer avec la roue à colonnes, un pignon oscillant 2 pivoté sur un levier d'embrayage 3, et deux ressorts (référencés respectivement 5a et 5b). Le levier d'embrayage est agencé pour pivoter dans sens ou dans l'autre de sorte à produire alternativement le dégagement ou l'engagement de la denture du pignon oscillant 2 d'avec celle de la roue de chronographe 1. Le pivotement du levier d'embrayage 3 a pour fonction de permettre l'arrêt et la remise en marche du chronographe. En effet, le pignon oscillant 2 est entraîné en permanence par le mobile de seconde du rouage du mouvement (non représenté). Dans ces conditions, lorsque la roue de chronographe est en prise avec le pignon 2, elle est entraînée, et lorsque le pignon oscillant est désengagé de sa denture, la roue de chronographe est débrayée.The Figures 3 to 8 represent the same chronograph mechanism according to a particular embodiment of the present invention at different phases of a complete cycle of its operation. In addition to a column wheel 40, the chronograph mechanism shown comprises in particular a chronograph wheel 1, a clutch rocker 4 having a spout adapted to cooperate with the column wheel, an oscillating pinion 2 pivoted on a control lever. clutch 3, and two springs (referenced respectively 5a and 5b). The clutch lever is arranged to pivot in either direction so as to alternately produce the disengagement or engagement of the gear of the oscillating gear 2 with that of the chronograph wheel 1. The pivoting of the gear lever clutch 3 has the function of allowing the stopping and restarting of the chronograph. Indeed, the oscillating pinion 2 is driven permanently by the second mobile of the movement train (no represent). Under these conditions, when the chronograph wheel is engaged with the pinion 2, it is driven, and when the oscillating pinion is disengaged from its toothing, the chronograph wheel is disengaged.

Le ressort 5a a pour fonction de rappeler le levier d'embrayage, et le pignon oscillant qu'il porte, contre la roue de chronographe. Quant au ressort 5b, il est agencé pour rappeler le bec de la bascule d'embrayage contre la roue à colonnes. On peut voir en outre sur les figures que la bascule d'embrayage 4 porte, à l'extrémité opposée au bec, une goupille 6 prévue pour coopérer avec une extrémité correspondante du levier d'embrayage 3. On peut voir tout d'abord que lorsque le bec de la bascule 4 est abaissé entre deux colonnes, comme représenté sur les figures 4 et 5 notamment, la goupille 6 est écartée du levier d'embrayage. Dans ces conditions, rien ne s'oppose à ce que le ressort 5a fasse engrener le pignon oscillant 2 avec la denture de la roue de chronographe 1. A l'inverse, lorsque le bec de la bascule d'embrayage est soulevé par une colonne de la roue à colonnes, comme représenté à la figure 3 notamment, la goupille 6 force le levier d'embrayage 3 à pivoter, ce qui a pour effet d'écarter le pignon oscillant 2 de la denture de la roue de chronographe. C'est donc la roue à colonnes 40 qui commande l'embrayage et le débrayage de la roue de chronographe 1.The function of the spring 5a is to return the clutch lever, and the oscillating pinion which it bears, against the chronograph wheel. As for the spring 5b, it is arranged to recall the nose of the clutch rocker against the column wheel. It can further be seen in the figures that the clutch rocker 4 carries, at the end opposite the spout, a pin 6 provided to cooperate with a corresponding end of the clutch lever 3. It can be seen first of all that when the tip of the rocker 4 is lowered between two columns, as shown on the figures 4 and 5 in particular, the pin 6 is spaced from the clutch lever. Under these conditions, nothing prevents the spring 5a meshes the oscillating pinion 2 with the toothing of the chronograph wheel 1. Conversely, when the spout of the clutch rocker is lifted by a column of the column wheel, as shown in figure 3 in particular, the pin 6 forces the clutch lever 3 to rotate, which has the effect of moving the oscillating pinion 2 of the toothing of the chronograph wheel. It is therefore the column wheel 40 which controls the clutch and the disengagement of the chronograph wheel 1.

Le mécanisme de chronographe représenté comprend encore une roue de compteur de minutes 15 et une roue intermédiaire 12. La roue de compteur 15 est entraînée par la roue de chronographe 1 par l'intermédiaire de la roue 12. On peut voir encore que l'axe de la roue de chronographe est celui de la roue de compteur des minutes portent tout deux un coeur de remise à zéro (référencés respectivement 7 et 17). Un marteau à deux inclinés est prévu pour coopérer avec les deux coeurs. Ce marteau est formé d'une bascule de remise à zéro 10 et d'une panne mobile en forme de palonnier 9. La panne mobile est articulée sur une extrémité de la bascule 10 et elle présente deux inclinés 8a, 8b qui sont prévus pour coopérer chacun avec l'un des deux coeurs 7, 17. De façon connue en soi, la bascule de remise à zéro 10 est agencée pour pivoter, soit dans un sens pour abaisser le marteau contre les coeurs, soit dans l'autre sens pour soulever le marteau. Un ressort 19 est encore agencé pour rappeler le marteau contre les coeurs 7, 17 en position de repos. Enfin, c'est également la roue à colonnes 40 qui commande le basculement du marteau.The chronograph mechanism shown further comprises a minute counter wheel 15 and an intermediate wheel 12. The counter wheel 15 is driven by the chronograph wheel 1 via the wheel 12. It can still be seen that the axis of the chronograph wheel is that of the minute counter wheel both carry a reset heart (referenced respectively 7 and 17). A hammer with two inclines is provided to cooperate with the two hearts. This hammer is formed of a reset rocker 10 and a movable tip in the form of a spreader 9. The movable tip is articulated on one end of the rocker 10 and has two inclined 8a, 8b which are provided to cooperate each with one of the two hearts 7, 17. So known per se, the reset rocker 10 is arranged to pivot, in one direction to lower the hammer against the hearts, or in the other direction to lift the hammer. A spring 19 is still arranged to return the hammer against the hearts 7, 17 in the rest position. Finally, it is also the column wheel 40 which controls the tilting of the hammer.

Le mécanisme de chronographe du présent exemple comprend encore un frein constitué par une bascule de frein 30 dont l'une des extrémités porte un patin 32 prévu pour immobiliser la roue de chronographe 1 en agissant sur son pourtour. De façon conventionnelle, la bascule de frein 30 est agencée pour pivoter alternativement entre une position levée où le patin 32 est tenu écarté de la roue de chronographe est une position abaissée où le patin bloque la roue de chronographe. Un ressort (non représenté) est encore arrangé pour rappeler le patin 32 contre la roue de chronographe en position de repos. D'autre part, c'est également la roue à colonnes 40 qui commande le pivotement de la bascule de frein 30.The chronograph mechanism of the present example further comprises a brake constituted by a brake lever 30, one end of which carries a shoe 32 designed to immobilize the chronograph wheel 1 by acting on its periphery. Conventionally, the brake rocker 30 is arranged to rotate alternately between a raised position where the pad 32 is held away from the chronograph wheel is a lowered position where the pad blocks the chronograph wheel. A spring (not shown) is further arranged to recall the pad 32 against the chronograph wheel in the rest position. On the other hand, it is also the column wheel 40 which controls the pivoting of the brake lever 30.

Le mécanisme de chronographe de l'invention comporte encore un mécanisme pour commander la roue à colonnes. Ce mécanisme est un mécanisme à poussoir. De façon classique, le mécanisme à poussoir est agencé pour faire s'incrémenter progressivement la position angulaire de la roue à colonnes 40, lorsqu'un utilisateur actionne le bouton du poussoir de façon répétée. D'autre part, la roue à colonnes 40 est sous l'action d'un sautoir de roue à colonnes (référencé 50 dans les figures 3 et 6) qui presse contre les dents du rochet (référencées 42 dans les figures 9 et 10) de manière à maintenir la roue à colonnes dans une position stable.The chronograph mechanism of the invention further comprises a mechanism for controlling the column wheel. This mechanism is a push mechanism. Conventionally, the push mechanism is arranged to incrementally increment the angular position of the column wheel 40, when a user actuates the push button repeatedly. On the other hand, the column wheel 40 is under the action of a column wheel jumper (referenced 50 in the figures 3 and 6 ) pressing against the teeth of the ratchet (referenced 42 in the Figures 9 and 10 ) so as to keep the column wheel in a stable position.

Le mécanisme à poussoir qui, dans l'exemple représenté, relie le bouton 67 d'une couronne-poussoir 65 à la roue à colonnes 40 comprend un cliquet 52, un ressort de cliquet 54, une bascule de commande 56, un levier intermédiaire de commande 58 et un ressort de commande 60. Dans le présent exemple, la couronne-poussoir 65 est disposée à « 3 heures » à la périphérie du mouvement et elle est associée à une tige de remontage et de mise à l'heure (non représentée) qui s'étend en direction du centre du mouvement. Le levier intermédiaire 58 est pivoté sur le bâti à « 4 heures » et sa forme légèrement recourbée lui permet de s'étendre sensiblement le long de la périphérie du mouvement dans l'intervalle entre « 4 à 2 heures ». Le levier intermédiaire porte à 3 heures une languette 62 qui est tournée en direction de la couronne-poussoir. Cette languette est recourbée selon un angle d'environ 90° en direction du côté cadran du mouvement. La languette forme ainsi un drapeau qui fait approximativement face à la couronne-poussoir. Comme on le verra plus en détail plus loin, le poussoir comporte une surface d'appui 69 qui est agencée pour venir presser contre le drapeau de manière à actionner le levier intermédiaire du mécanisme de commande lorsque le bouton-poussoir est actionné.The push mechanism which, in the example shown, connects the button 67 of a push ring 65 to the column wheel 40 comprises a pawl 52, a pawl spring 54, a control lever 56, an intermediate lever of control 58 and a control spring 60. In the present example, the pusher ring 65 is arranged at "3 o'clock" at the periphery of the movement and is associated with a winding and setting rod (not shown) which extends towards the center of the movement. The intermediate lever 58 is pivoted on the frame at "4 o'clock" and its slightly curved shape allows it to extend substantially along the periphery of the movement in the interval between "4 to 2 hours". The intermediate lever at 3 o'clock a tongue 62 which is rotated towards the crown-push. This tongue is bent at an angle of about 90 ° towards the dial side of the movement. The tongue thus forms a flag that is approximately facing the crown-push. As will be seen in more detail below, the pusher has a bearing surface 69 which is arranged to press against the flag so as to actuate the intermediate lever of the control mechanism when the push button is actuated.

La bascule de commande 56 est pivotée sur le bâti à 1 heure et sa forme légèrement recourbée lui permet de s'étendre sensiblement le long de la périphérie du mouvement jusqu'à proximité de la couronne-poussoir. Le ressort de commande 60 est agencé pour coopérer avec la bascule de commande 56 de manière à rappeler l'extrémité libre de cette dernière en direction de la périphérie du mouvement. On voit de plus que l'extrémité libre de la bascule 56 porte un tenon étagé 57 arrangé pour coopérer avec l'extrémité distale du levier intermédiaire 58. On comprendra donc que le tenon 57 permet au ressort 60 de repousser en permanence l'extrémité distale du levier 58 vers l'extérieur du mouvement. On comprendra de plus, qu'inversement, lorsque un utilisateur fait pivoter le levier 58 en pressant sur le poussoir, cela a également pour effet de faire pivoter la bascule de commande 56.The control rocker 56 is pivoted on the frame at 1 o'clock and its slightly curved shape allows it to extend substantially along the periphery of the movement to near the push ring. The control spring 60 is arranged to cooperate with the control rocker 56 so as to return the free end of the latter towards the periphery of the movement. It is further seen that the free end of the rocker 56 carries a stepped post 57 arranged to cooperate with the distal end of the intermediate lever 58. It will therefore be understood that the pin 57 allows the spring 60 to permanently push the distal end lever 58 to the outside of the movement. It will further be understood that, conversely, when a user pivots the lever 58 by pressing the pusher, this also has the effect of pivoting the control lever 56.

De manière connue en soi, l'extrémité libre de la bascule de commande 56 porte le cliquet de bascule de commande (référencé 52). Le cliquet 52 est pivoté librement sur l'extrémité de la bascule et il est rappelé contre la denture rochet 42 de la roue à colonnes par le ressort de cliquet 54. Le cliquet 52 est donc agencé pour coopérer avec les dents du rochet 42, et lorsque sous l'effet d'une pression sur le poussoir, l'extrémité de la bascule de commande 56 est amenée à pivoter en direction du centre du mouvement, le cliquet 52 accompagne le mouvement en faisant avancer la roue à colonnes de la valeur d'une dent du rochet. Puis, sitôt que la pression sur le poussoir est relâchée, le ressort de commande 60 fait reprendre leur position de repos à la bascule 56 et au levier 58. Le cliquet 52 revient également en arrière en glissant sur l'incliné d'une dent de rochet. Le cliquet se trouve ainsi prêt à actionner la dent suivante, lors de la prochaine pression sur le poussoir.In a manner known per se, the free end of the control rocker 56 carries the control rocker pawl (referenced 52). The pawl 52 is pivoted freely on the end of the rocker and is pressed against the ratchet toothing 42 of the column wheel by the pawl spring 54. The pawl 52 is thus arranged to cooperate with the teeth of the ratchet 42, and when under the effect of a pressure on the pusher, the end of the control rocker 56 is pivoted towards the center of the movement, the pawl 52 accompanies the movement by advancing the column wheel of the value of a ratchet tooth. Then, as soon as the pressure on the pusher is released, the control spring 60 returns to its rest position at the rocker 56 and the lever 58. The pawl 52 also slides backwards by sliding on the incline of a tooth of ratchet. The ratchet is thus ready to actuate the next tooth, when the next push on the pusher.

De manière classique, dans le présent exemple, Il faut exercer trois pressions sur le poussoir, pour qu'une colonne prenne la place de la précédente, ce qui correspond aux trois fonctions du chronographe : le départ, l'arrêt, et la remise à zéro. La figure 3 montre le mécanisme de chronographe à l'arrêt, après avoir été remis à zéro. Tous les éléments du mécanisme de chronographe sont arrêtés à l'exception du pignon oscillant 2 qui est entraîné en permanence par le rouage du mouvement de la montre (le sens de rotation du pignon oscillant est indiqué par la flèche).Conventionally, in the present example, it is necessary to exert three pressure on the pusher, so that a column takes the place of the previous one, which corresponds to the three functions of the chronograph: the start, the stop, and the delivery to zero. The figure 3 shows the chronograph mechanism stopped, after being reset. All the elements of the chronograph mechanism are stopped except for the oscillating pinion 2 which is permanently driven by the watch movement (the direction of rotation of the oscillating pinion is indicated by the arrow).

La figure 4 illustre l'instant de la mise en marche du mécanisme de chronographe. Le bouton 67 de la couronne-poussoir est enfoncé et le levier intermédiaire 58 ainsi que la bascule de commande 56 ont pivotés en direction du centre du mouvement en entraînant le cliquet 52. Ce déplacement du cliquet fait avancer la roue à colonnes 40 de 30° dans le sens horaire. La rotation de 30° de la roue à colonnes a pour effet, d'une part, de faire se soulever le bec de la bascule de remise à zéro 10, la faisant pivoter de manière à soulever le marteau et à libérer les coeurs 7, 17. D'autre part, la rotation de la roue à colonnes a également pour effet de faire plonger le bec de la bascule d'embrayage 4 dans l'espace entre deux colonnes (référencé 44 sur les figures 9 et 10). Comme on l'a vu plus haut, en permettant ainsi à la bascule d'embrayage de pivoter sous l'action du ressort 5, l'incrémentation de la roue à colonnes conduit également la denture du pignon oscillant à embrayer avec celle de la roue de chronographe 1. Finalement, la rotation de 30°, n'a pas d'effet sur le frein dont le bec reste levé.The figure 4 illustrates the moment when the chronograph mechanism is turned on. The button 67 of the push-button is depressed and the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56 have pivoted towards the center of the movement by driving the pawl 52. This movement of the pawl advances the column wheel 40 by 30 ° clockwise. The rotation of 30 ° of the column wheel has the effect, on the one hand, to raise the spout of the reset lever 10, pivoting it so as to lift the hammer and to release the cores 7, 17. On the other hand, the rotation of the column wheel also has the effect of plunging the nose of the clutch rocker 4 into the space between two columns (referenced 44 on the Figures 9 and 10 ). As seen above, thus allowing the clutch rocker to pivot under the action of the spring 5, the incrementation of the column wheel also drives the toothing of the rocker gear to engage with that of the wheel of chronograph 1. Finally, the rotation of 30 °, has no effect on the brake whose beak remains lifted.

La figure 5 montre le mécanisme de chronographe en marche. Le bouton 67 de la couronne-poussoir 65 est revenu à sa position de repos, comme le sont également le levier intermédiaire 58 et la bascule de commande 56. Le cliquet 52 est également revenu en arrière, et se trouve prêt pour actionner la dent suivante lorsque le poussoir sera actionné à nouveau. La roue de chronographe 1, la roue intermédiaire 12 et le roue de compteur de minutes 15 sont entraînées en rotation par le pignon oscillant 2 dans le sens indiqué par les flèches sur la figure.The figure 5 shows the chronograph mechanism in operation. The button 67 of the pusher ring 65 has returned to its rest position, as are also the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56. The pawl 52 has also turned back, and is ready to actuate the next tooth when the pusher will be operated again. The chronograph wheel 1, the intermediate wheel 12 and the minute counter wheel 15 are rotated by the oscillating gear 2 in the direction indicated by the arrows in the figure.

La figure 6 illustre l'instant de l'arrêt du mécanisme de chronographe. Suite à un nouvel actionnement de la couronne-poussoir, le bouton-poussoir 67 est enfoncé et le levier intermédiaire 58 ainsi que la bascule de commande 56 ont à nouveau pivotés en direction du centre du mouvement en entraînant le cliquet 52 et en faisant tourner une nouvelle fois la roue à colonnes de 30°. Cette nouvelle incrémentation de la roue à colonnes a pour effet, d'une part, de faire se soulever le bec de la bascule d'embrayage 4, conduisant le pignon oscillant 2 à se désengager de la roue de chronographe 1. D'autre part, la rotation de la roue à colonnes a également pour effet de faire plonger le bec de la bascule de frein 30 dans l'espace entre deux colonnes 44 en faisant pivoter la bascule. Comme on l'a vu plus haut, le pivotement de la bascule 30 fait s'abaisser le patin 32 contre la roue chronographe 1, de sorte que le patin bloque la roue de chronographe.The figure 6 illustrates the moment of stop of the chronograph mechanism. After a further actuation of the push-button crown, the push-button 67 is depressed and the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56 have again pivoted towards the center of the movement by driving the pawl 52 and rotating a again the column wheel of 30 °. This new incrementation of the column wheel has the effect, on the one hand, to raise the spout of the clutch lever 4, causing the oscillating pinion 2 to disengage from the chronograph wheel 1. On the other hand , the rotation of the column wheel also has the effect of plunging the nose of the brake lever 30 in the space between two columns 44 by pivoting the rocker. As seen above, the pivoting of the rocker 30 lowers the pad 32 against the chronograph wheel 1, so that the pad blocks the chronograph wheel.

La figure 7 montre le mécanisme de chronographe arrêté. Le bouton de la couronne-poussoir 65 est revenu à sa position de repos, comme le sont également le levier intermédiaire 58 et la bascule de commande 56. Le cliquet 52 est également revenu en arrière, et se trouve prêt pour actionner la dent suivante lorsque le poussoir sera actionné à nouveau. Le patin 32 de la bascule de frein 30 retient la roue de chronographe 1, et la roue de compteur de minutes 15, dans la position dans laquelle le mécanisme de chronographe a été arrêté, permettant la lecture du temps écoulé entre la mise en marche et l'arrêt du mécanisme de chronographe.The figure 7 shows the stopped chronograph mechanism. The push-button button 65 has returned to its rest position, as are also the intermediate lever 58 and the control lever 56. The pawl 52 has also turned back, and is ready to actuate the next tooth when the pusher will be operated again. The shoe 32 of the brake lever 30 retains the chronograph wheel 1, and the minute counter wheel 15, in the position in which the mechanism of chronograph was stopped, allowing the reading of the time elapsed between the start and stop of the chronograph mechanism.

La figure 8 illustre l'instant de la remise à zéro du mécanisme de chronographe. Suite à un nouvel actionnement de la couronne-poussoir, le bouton 67 est enfoncé et le levier intermédiaire 58 ainsi que la bascule de commande 56 ont à nouveau pivotés en direction du centre du mouvement en entraînant le cliquet 52 et en incrémentant une nouvelle fois la roue à colonnes de 30°. Ce nouveau déplacement de la roue à colonnes a pour effet, d'une part, de faire se soulever le bec de la bascule de frein 30, conduisant le patin 32 à s'écarter de la roue de chronographe 1. D'autre part, la rotation de la roue à colonnes a également pour effet de faire plonger le bec de la bascule de remise à zéro 10 dans l'espace entre deux colonnes 44, faisant ainsi pivoter la bascule. Ce pivotement de la bascule a pour effet d'abaisser les deux inclinés 8a et 8b du marteau respectivement contre les deux coeurs 7, 17, de sorte à ramener la roue de chronographe 1 et la roue de compteur de minutes 15 à leurs positions de départ respectives.The figure 8 illustrates the moment of resetting the chronograph mechanism. After a further actuation of the push-button crown, the button 67 is depressed and the intermediate lever 58 as well as the control lever 56 have again pivoted towards the center of the movement by driving the pawl 52 and by incrementing again the column wheel of 30 °. This new displacement of the column wheel has the effect, on the one hand, to raise the spout of the brake lever 30, causing the shoe 32 to move away from the chronograph wheel 1. On the other hand, the rotation of the column wheel also has the effect of plunging the tip of the reset rocker 10 in the space between two columns 44, thus pivoting the rocker. This pivoting of the rocker has the effect of lowering the two inclined 8a and 8b of the hammer respectively against the two cores 7, 17, so as to bring the chronograph wheel 1 and the minute counter wheel 15 to their starting positions. respectively.

En se référant encore au figures 3 à 8, on notera que, si on compare le bec de la bascule d'embrayage 4 et celui de la bascule de remise à zéro 10 aux becs qui sont représentés dans la figure 2, On constate immédiatement que les becs des bascules du mouvement de chronographe conforme à la présente invention peuvent être beaucoup plus effilés que ceux de l'art antérieur. Un avantage de cette caractéristique est qu'un bec effilé (dont la pointe fait un angle inférieur à 40°; de préférence un angle inférieur à 30°), permet aux bascules du mécanisme de chronographe du présent exemple de s'abaisser même dans l'espace relativement étroit constitué par l'interstice entre deux colonnes de la roue à colonnes illustrée à la figure 10 par exemple. Corolairement, on comprendra également que l'utilisation de becs effilés comme ceux des bascules du mécanisme de chronographe du présent exemple, nécessite en retour d'avoir des colonnes plus larges pour éviter que les becs ne s'abaissent à mauvais escient.Referring again to Figures 3 to 8 , it will be noted that, if one compares the nose of the clutch rocker 4 and that of the reset rocker 10 to the nozzles which are represented in the figure 2 It is immediately apparent that the latches of the latches of the chronograph movement according to the present invention can be much more sharp than those of the prior art. An advantage of this feature is that a tapered nose (whose tip is at an angle of less than 40 °, preferably an angle of less than 30 °), allows the latches of the chronograph mechanism of the present example to lower even in the relatively narrow space constituted by the gap between two columns of the column wheel illustrated in FIG. figure 10 for example. Corollary, it will also be understood that the use of tapered beaks like those of the latches of the chronograph mechanism of the present example, in return requires to have wider columns to prevent the beaks from falling down badly.

Claims (11)

Roue à colonnes (40) pour mécanisme de chronographe à trois temps comportant : - un rochet (42) pourvu de 3*n dents (n >=3) ; - un moyeu central (46) ; - une superstructure co-axiale à la roue à colonnes et présentant une symétrie de rotation d'ordre n, la superstructure comprenant n bras radiaux (48) et n colonnes (44) parallèles à l'axe de rotation de la roue à colonnes, les colonnes étant réparties de manière régulière le long de la circonférence de la roue à colonnes et étant séparées l'une de l'autre par n vides constituant autant d'ouvertures entre les colonnes, chaque colonne comportant une face extérieure et une face intérieure reliées l'une à l'autre par un bord d'attaque et par un bord de fuite, la face extérieure ayant une forme arrondie concentriquement à l'axe de rotation de la roue à colonnes, et la face intérieure étant reliée au moyeu (46) par un bras radial (48), caractérisée en ce que la largeur des colonnes (44) mesurée entre le bord d'attaque et le bord de fuite est plus grande que largeur des ouvertures entre les colonnes, et en ce que la largeur des bras (48) à leur point le plus étroit est inférieure à la moitié de la largeur des colonnes (44).Column wheel (40) for a three-stroke chronograph mechanism comprising: - a ratchet (42) provided with 3 * n teeth (n> = 3); a central hub (46); a coaxial superstructure with a column wheel and having a rotation symmetry of order n, the superstructure comprising n radial arms (48) and n columns (44) parallel to the axis of rotation of the column wheel; the columns being uniformly distributed along the circumference of the column wheel and being separated from each other by n voids constituting as many openings between the columns, each column having an outer face and an inner face connected to each other by a leading edge and a trailing edge, the outer face having a shape concentrically rounded to the axis of rotation of the column wheel, and the inner face being connected to the hub (46 ) by a radial arm (48), characterized in that the width of the columns (44) measured between the leading edge and the trailing edge is greater than the width of the openings between the columns, and in that the width of the arms (48) at their most narrow is less than half the width of the columns (44). Roue à colonnes selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la hauteur du moyeu (46) et des bras (48) est comprise entre 20 et 60% de la hauteur des colonnes (44).Column wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the hub (46) and arms (48) is between 20 and 60% of the height of the columns (44). Roue à colonnes selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'en section transversale, la face intérieure des colonnes (44) a une forme convexe dans la partie des colonnes qui dépassent la hauteur des bras (48), le rayon de courbure de la face intérieure étant plus grand dans la région du bord de fuite que dans la région du bord d'attaque.Column wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that in cross-section, the inner face of the columns (44) has a convex shape in the part of the columns which exceed the height of the arms (48), the radius of curvature of the inner face being larger in the trailing edge region than in the leading edge region. Roue à colonnes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'angle que fait la face intérieure d'une colonne avec la face extérieure dans la région du bord d'attaque est compris entre 55° et 65°.Column wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle made by the inner face of a column with the outer face in the region of the leading edge is between 55 ° and 65 °. Roue à colonnes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'angle que fait la face intérieure d'une colonne avec la face extérieure dans la région du bord de fuite est compris entre 25° et 35°.Column wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle made by the inner face of a column with the outer face in the region of the trailing edge is between 25 ° and 35 °. Roue à colonnes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que n=4.Column wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that n = 4. Mécanisme de chronographe comportant une roue à colonnes (40) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, et au moins une bascule (4, 10 ,30) dont le bec est agencé pour coopérer avec les colonnes (44) de la roue à colonnes.Chronograph mechanism comprising a column wheel (40) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and at least one latch (4, 10, 30) whose spout is arranged to cooperate with the columns (44) of the wheel with columns. Mécanisme de chronographe selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit bec de la bascule à une pointe qui fait un angle inférieur à 40°.Chronograph mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that said tip of the rocker has a tip which is at an angle less than 40 °. Mécanisme de chronographe selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite pointe fait un angle inférieur à 30°.Chronograph mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that said tip is at an angle less than 30 °. Mécanisme de chronographe selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite bascule est une bascule d'embrayage (4).Chronograph mechanism according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that said flip-flop is a clutch rocker (4). Mécanisme de chronographe selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite bascule est une bascule de remise à zéro (10).Chronograph mechanism according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that said flip-flop is a reset flip-flop (10).
EP11192668.9A 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism comprising such a wheel Active EP2602672B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11192668.9A EP2602672B1 (en) 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism comprising such a wheel
US13/693,689 US8920021B2 (en) 2011-12-08 2012-12-04 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism including the same
JP2012267863A JP5443579B2 (en) 2011-12-08 2012-12-07 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism including the same
RU2012152917/12A RU2603590C2 (en) 2011-12-08 2012-12-07 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism containing column wheel
CN201210526521.1A CN103163776B (en) 2011-12-08 2012-12-07 Column wheel and the time movement comprising this column wheel
HK13113953.3A HK1186535A1 (en) 2011-12-08 2013-12-16 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism including the same

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EP11192668.9A EP2602672B1 (en) 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Column wheel and chronograph mechanism comprising such a wheel

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EP2602672A1 true EP2602672A1 (en) 2013-06-12
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EP (1) EP2602672B1 (en)
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KR20180101519A (en) * 2016-01-15 2018-09-12 폴브룩 인텔렉츄얼 프로퍼티 컴퍼니 엘엘씨 System and method for controlling rollback in continuously variable transmissions
US11667351B2 (en) 2016-05-11 2023-06-06 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Systems and methods for automatic configuration and automatic calibration of continuously variable transmissions and bicycles having continuously variable transmission
US11624432B2 (en) 2018-11-06 2023-04-11 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Continuously variable transmissions, synchronous shifting, twin countershafts and methods for control of same
US11530739B2 (en) 2019-02-26 2022-12-20 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Reversible variable drives and systems and methods for control in forward and reverse directions
US12000458B2 (en) 2019-02-26 2024-06-04 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Reversible variable drives and systems and methods for control in forward and reverse directions

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CN103163776A (en) 2013-06-19
EP2602672B1 (en) 2014-07-16
US20130148475A1 (en) 2013-06-13
US8920021B2 (en) 2014-12-30
RU2012152917A (en) 2014-06-20
JP5443579B2 (en) 2014-03-19
CN103163776B (en) 2015-09-16
RU2603590C2 (en) 2016-11-27
HK1186535A1 (en) 2014-03-14
JP2013120189A (en) 2013-06-17

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