EP2599134B1 - High-temperature superconductor magnet system - Google Patents

High-temperature superconductor magnet system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2599134B1
EP2599134B1 EP10743028.2A EP10743028A EP2599134B1 EP 2599134 B1 EP2599134 B1 EP 2599134B1 EP 10743028 A EP10743028 A EP 10743028A EP 2599134 B1 EP2599134 B1 EP 2599134B1
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hts
magnet system
poles
coil body
disposed
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2599134A1 (en
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Cristian Boffo
Thomas Gerhard
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Bilfinger Noell GmbH
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Babcock Noell GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/08—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means
    • G21K1/093—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means by magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G2/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays, not involving X-ray tubes, e.g. involving generation of a plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnet system, preferably for an insertion device for generating a high-intensity synchrotron radiation according to the features of the first claim.
  • HTS high-temperature superconductor
  • the device is not limited to this use, but can also be used for all other suitable applications.
  • insertion devices In synchrotron light sources, so-called insertion devices, undulators and wigglers are used to generate highly brilliant radiation that is used for many different types of experiments. These devices generate a periodically alternating magnetic field on the beam axis with the period length being well defined. As the electrons pass through the field, they are forced onto an oscillating trajectory by this field configuration and emit synchrotron radiation ( Fig.1 ). In the special case of an undulator, the period length of the magnetic field is exactly matched to the wavelength of the synchrotron radiation. This leads to stimulated emission, which generates coherent light in a very narrow bandwidth. Due to the periodic transverse oscillation of the particles, the resulting spontaneous emission is mainly coherent and of narrow spectral linewidth, as in " CS Hwang, Chang CH, NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan, IPAC 2010 Proceedings is described.
  • Undulators and wigglers are made of permanent magnets and electromagnets.
  • a bobbin for an electromagnetic undulator is in DE 10 2007 010 414 A1 This document does not deal with the manner of producing an HTS-based magnet coil arrangement for generating the desired field. In this case, two yokes are aligned with each other so that they are symmetrical to the beam axis of the electron beam and produce the desired field.
  • the use of permanent magnets for undulators and wigglers goes back to the first prototypes.
  • the magnetic flux is directed through the poles, by energizing the adjacent coils in opposite directions ( Fig.2 ).
  • permanent-magnet undulators are the most common solution, but limited in their maximum field.
  • superconducting insertion devices achieve higher magnetic fields and thus allow a higher electron flow and / or higher photon energies than the permanent magnetic systems, which is desired for future experiments.
  • Several superconducting insertion devices have been built, but their coils are standard made from the low-temperature superconductor (LTS) niobium-titanium (NbTi).
  • LTS low-temperature superconductor
  • NbTi niobium-titanium
  • the coils are usually wound together from as possible a continuous conductor with only a few interruptions. Interruptions are therefore avoided because heat is often generated on them, which means additional thermal loads for the system. This means a lot of effort for the winding process, since the coils must also be wound in each case in different directions to produce the alternating magnetic field.
  • these LTS coils which are therefore also protected from the outside by cold shields, must be cooled to cryogenic temperatures of about 4 K, typically with cryocoolers. They form the so-called "cold mass" with everything that has the lowest temperature in the cryostat.
  • Cryo-coolers are refrigerators with a closed cooling circuit, by which the achievement of cryogenic temperatures is possible and by which a bath cooling with liquid helium can be bypassed, which greatly simplifies the use of the magnet.
  • Commercial systems produce up to 1.5 W of cooling power at a temperature of 4.5 K.
  • the cooling capacity depends strongly on the operating temperature of the application to be cooled. The higher the operating temperature, the higher the available cooling capacity.
  • a problem related to the solution for superconducting insertion devices is the handling of the heat input at cryogenic temperatures produced by the wave motion of the electron beam.
  • the total heat quantity of a beam of synchrotron radiation source according to the third generation can " TPS storage ring ", JC Jan, CS Hwang and PH Lin, NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan” Proceedings EPAC 2008 " and " Casalbuoni, A. Gray, M. Hagelstein, R. Rossmanith, Anlagenstechnik Düsseldorf, Germany, F. Zimmermann, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, B. Kostka, E. Mashkina, E. Steffens, University of Er Weg, Germany, A. Bernhard, D. Wollmann, T. Baumbach; University of Düsseldorf, Germany, Proceedings PAC 2007 over 10W.
  • the cooling system of the magnet which must be kept at a temperature of 4.2K at all times in order to operate, is typically disconnected from the jet pipe cooling system to minimize the number of cryocoolers.
  • This solution makes it possible to keep the jet pipe at a higher temperature compared to the magnet, so that the cooling coolers still have sufficient cooling power available to compensate for the heat input of the jet.
  • this has proved to be a viable solution, the technical difficulties and safety of the magnet system could be greatly improved if one could operate the magnet at the same temperature as the beam tube.
  • HTS high-temperature superconductor
  • the solution according to the invention provides a bobbin, the cylindrical, oval, rectangular, quadrangular, as a block consisting of plates u. a. m. can be executed.
  • a bobbin poles On the lateral surface of the bobbin poles are arranged with windings therebetween, wherein the windings constitute an HTS guide band.
  • the above problem is basically solved by replacing the low-temperature superconducting wire (LTS) used in standard superconducting insertion device magnet systems with an HTS guide band.
  • the HTS conduction band becomes superconducting even at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K), and when operating at lower temperatures, the performance parameters of the conductor can increase significantly.
  • first magnets made of HTS conductors are manufactured and used, such as a sextupol at the National Synchrotron Lightsource Source in the USA (" Insertion Devices R & D for NSLS-II ", T. Tanabe, DA Harder, G. Rakowsky, T. Shaftan and J. Skaritka, National Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA, Proceedings PAC 2007 ). This magnet is responsible for focusing the particle beam in an accelerator.
  • poles which are not coaxial with the yoke are applied to the inwardly directed lateral surface on a self-contained yoke which forms a kind of circle.
  • the poles of the bobbins of the present invention are coaxially disposed thereon.
  • the pole is used as a wound body and the coils wound around same. The coils are wound as so-called double pancakes, so that both electrical contacts lie on the outer radius of the coil.
  • HTS-Leitb several, preferably two, HTS-Leitb sections are connected to each other by means of a connecting part so that in the connected coils an opposite current flow ( Fig.2 ), ( Figure 4 ) to produce the desired magnetic field configuration.
  • the conductive band preferably has a rectangular or similar cross-section.
  • the proposed solution requires two findings: A new winding scheme to generate the required magnetic field configuration using HTS guide band for the magnet system, such as undulators, wigglers and insertion devices of application-relevant length.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show the basic principle of working according to the prior art known undulators.
  • FIG. 3 shows a superconducting insertion device that is state of the art.
  • the FIG. 1 shows the basic principle of an undulator with an electron 1 on the radiation axis 2, wherein above and below the radiation axis 2 north and south poles 4 of the magnetic field are arranged.
  • the device shown as a cut-out, generates a periodically alternating magnetic field on the radiation axis 2, the period length being precisely defined.
  • the electrons 1 pass through the field, they are forced onto an oscillating trajectory 3 by this field configuration and thus emit synchrotron radiation 5 of the electron 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows the section of two winding bodies 6 of a magnet system with the principle of an insertion device with counter-energized magnetic coils 9,11 whose magnetic flux 10,12 amplified in the poles.
  • the winding body 6 with magnetic coils 9, 11 are arranged opposite, wherein the radiation axis 2 passes between the winding body 6 with poles.
  • the magnetic flux 10, 12 generated by the magnetic coils 9,11 generates a magnetic field for which the largest magnetic field vector 7 between the winding bodies 6 has been drawn.
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of a superconducting insertion device with the cryocooler 8 at the beam tube 14 through which the radiation axis 2 leads.
  • Cryostat 15, the undulator magnet 17, consisting of the upper and the lower yoke, as well as the cold mass 18 are also shown in the figure. The disadvantages and the mode of operation of this device have already been described.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the partial section AA of the bobbin 6 of FIG. 5 with elevations, wherein HTS winding packages 13 in individual layers 23, 24, consisting of HTS guide strip 23 and insulating film 24, are arranged one above the other. These layers represent the field-generating magnetic coils with different energization, in which the direction 19 of the current flow through the coils was drawn.
  • the connecting piece 16, 20 is arranged between the coils above and below, so that a current flow can take place.
  • FIG. 5 shows the winding body 6 for the solution according to the invention in view with several continuous poles 22 with the section AA. Between the continuous poles 22, the connecting piece 20 can be seen at the beginning of the winding in a recess on the pole 21, wherein the connecting piece 20 connects two HTS conductor strips 23 to one another under which an insulation film pair 24 is located. Between the respective pairs 23, 24, a pole 21 is arranged with a recess.
  • FIG. 4 shown and described new winding scheme allows to wind all the coils in the same direction as that in FIG. 5 you can see.
  • the alternating magnetic field structure typical of an undulator or winding is created by properly connecting the coils to each other to control the current flow as in FIG. 4 is shown that an opposite current flow is produced.
  • the bare HTS conductive strip 23 is wound simultaneously with an insulating tape 24 parallel to the winding body 6.
  • two Leitb sections 23 are soldered to a HTS plate 20 so as to connect them electrically.
  • the wafer is glued to the winding core 6 so as to be able to build up tension during the winding process.
  • the two conductors 23 are simultaneously wound parallel to each other and with the insulating films 24.
  • the leader tape is fixed and cut to wind two new spools.
  • the Polerhöhungen 21 of the bobbin 6 have recesses where one of the lower connecting pieces 20 must be, and continuous Polerhöhungen 22, where the winding segments 25 are electrically connected to each other via a top-mounted connector.
  • FIG. 6 Fig. 2 shows how the two coils are connected to the two previous ones to measure the electrical flux as in FIG. 4 shown to produce. This procedure greatly simplifies the winding process and, if necessary, individual coil pairs can be replaced by the modular arrangement.
  • the scheme can be applied to any possible configuration of an HTS magnet system of an insertion device and is therefore also suitable for use in so-called free electron lasers and other particle accelerator based light sources.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter (HTS)-Magnetsystem, vorzugweise für einen Insertion Device zur Erzeugung einer hochintensiven Synchrotronstrahlung nach den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches. Die Vorrichtung ist aber nicht auf diesen Einsatz beschränkt, sondern kann auch für alle anderen geeigneten Anwendungsfälle eingesetzt werden.The invention relates to a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnet system, preferably for an insertion device for generating a high-intensity synchrotron radiation according to the features of the first claim. The device is not limited to this use, but can also be used for all other suitable applications.

In Synchrotronlichtquellen werden sogenannte Insertion Devices, Undulatoren und Wiggler, genutzt, um hoch brillante Strahlung zu erzeugen, die für viele verschiedenartige Experimente verwendet wird. Diese Vorrichtungen erzeugen ein periodisch alternierendes Magnetfeld auf der Strahlachse wobei die Periodenlänge genau definiert ist. Während die Elektronen das Feld passieren, werden sie durch diese Feldkonfiguration auf eine oszillierende Trajektorie gezwungen und emittieren so Synchrotronstrahlung (Fig.1). Im speziellen Fall eines Undulators ist die Periodenlänge des Magnetfeldes genau auf die Wellenlänge der Synchrotronstrahlung angepasst. Dies führt zu stimulierter Emission, die kohärentes Licht in einer sehr schmalen Bandbreite erzeugt. Aufgrund der periodischen transversalen Oszillation der Teilchen ist die resultierende spontane Emission hauptsächlich kohärent und von schmaler spektraler Linienbreite, wie das in " Trends in the Development of insertion devices for a future synchrotron light source", C. S. Hwang, C. H. Chang, NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Proceedings IPAC 2010 beschrieben ist.In synchrotron light sources, so-called insertion devices, undulators and wigglers are used to generate highly brilliant radiation that is used for many different types of experiments. These devices generate a periodically alternating magnetic field on the beam axis with the period length being well defined. As the electrons pass through the field, they are forced onto an oscillating trajectory by this field configuration and emit synchrotron radiation ( Fig.1 ). In the special case of an undulator, the period length of the magnetic field is exactly matched to the wavelength of the synchrotron radiation. This leads to stimulated emission, which generates coherent light in a very narrow bandwidth. Due to the periodic transverse oscillation of the particles, the resulting spontaneous emission is mainly coherent and of narrow spectral linewidth, as in " CS Hwang, Chang CH, NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan, IPAC 2010 Proceedings is described.

Undulatoren und Wiggler werden aus Permanentmagneten und Elektromagneten gebaut. Ein Wickelkörper für einen elektromagnetischen Undulator ist in DE 10 2007 010 414 A1 beschrieben, wobei in diesem Dokument nicht auf die Art und Weise der Herstellung einer HTS-basierten Magnetspulenanordnung zur Erzeugung des gewünschten Feldes eingegangen wird. Dabei werden zwei Joche so zueinander ausgerichtet, dass sie symmetrisch zur Strahlachse des Elektronenstrahls liegen und das gewünschte Feld erzeugen. Der Gebrauch von Permanentmagneten für Undulatoren und Wiggler geht noch auf die ersten Prototypen zurück. Vor allem bei Elektromagneten wird der magnetische Fluss durch die Pole gelenkt, indem man die benachbarten Spulen gegenläufig bestromt (Fig.2). Im Vergleich zu Elektromagneten sind permanentmagnetische Undulatoren die am meisten verbreitete Lösung, aber in ihrem maximalen Feld begrenzt.Undulators and wigglers are made of permanent magnets and electromagnets. A bobbin for an electromagnetic undulator is in DE 10 2007 010 414 A1 This document does not deal with the manner of producing an HTS-based magnet coil arrangement for generating the desired field. In this case, two yokes are aligned with each other so that they are symmetrical to the beam axis of the electron beam and produce the desired field. The use of permanent magnets for undulators and wigglers goes back to the first prototypes. Especially with electromagnets, the magnetic flux is directed through the poles, by energizing the adjacent coils in opposite directions ( Fig.2 ). Compared to electromagnets, permanent-magnet undulators are the most common solution, but limited in their maximum field.

Supraleitende Insertion Devices (SCU) erreichen dagegen höhere Magnetfelder und erlauben so einen höheren Elektronenfluss und/oder höhere Photonenenergien, als die permanent-magnetischen Systeme, was für künftige Experimente gewünscht wird. Mehrere supraleitende Insertion Devices wurden bisher gebaut, ihre Spulen werden aber standardmäßig aus dem Niedertemperatursupraleiter (LTS) Niob-Titan (NbTi) gefertigt. (" Fabrication of the new superconducting undulator for the ANKA synchrotron light source", C. Boffo, W. Walter, Babcock Noell GmbH, Würzburg, Germany, T. Baumbach, S. Casalbuoni, A. Grau, M. Hagelstein, D. Seaz de Jauregui, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, Proceedings IPAC 2010 ). Um einen noch höheren magnetischen Fluss und damit ein höheres Magnetfeld zu erreichen, wird die Verwendung von anderen Supraleitern wie Nb3Sn oder HTS vorgeschlagen. Versuche mit Teststücken oder ersten kurzen Prototypen werden durchgeführt und in " Insertion device activities for NSLS-II", T. Tanabe, D.A. Harder, S. Hulbert, G. Rakowsky, J. Skaritka, National Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 582 (2007), Seite 31 - 33 , beschrieben.On the other hand, superconducting insertion devices (SCU) achieve higher magnetic fields and thus allow a higher electron flow and / or higher photon energies than the permanent magnetic systems, which is desired for future experiments. Several superconducting insertion devices have been built, but their coils are standard made from the low-temperature superconductor (LTS) niobium-titanium (NbTi). ( " Fabrication of the new superconducting undulator for the ANKA synchrotron light source ", C. Boffo, W. Walter, Babcock Noell GmbH, Würzburg, Germany, T. Baumbach, S. Casalbuoni, A. Gray, M. Hagelstein, D. Seaz de Jauregui, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, Proceedings IPAC 2010 ). In order to achieve an even higher magnetic flux and thus a higher magnetic field, the use of other superconductors such as Nb 3 Sn or HTS is proposed. Experiments with test pieces or first short prototypes are carried out and Insertion device activities for NSLS-II, T. Tanabe, DA Harder, S. Hulbert, G. Rakowsky, J. Skaritka, National Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 582 (2007), pages 31-33 , described.

Die Spulen werden meist aneinanderhängend aus möglichst einem durchgehenden Leiter mit nur wenigen Unterbrechungen gewickelt. Unterbrechungen werden deshalb vermieden, da an diesen häufig Wärme entsteht, die für das System zusätzliche thermische Lasten bedeuten. Dies bedeutet einen hohen Aufwand für den Wickelvorgang, da die Spulen darüber hinaus jeweils in verschiedene Richtungen gewickelt werden müssen um das wechselnde Magnetfeld zu erzeugen. Grundsätzlich müssen diese LTS Spulen, die deshalb auch besonders nach außen durch Kälteschilde geschützt werden, auf kryogene Temperaturen um 4 K, typischer Weise mit Kryokühlern gekühlt werden. Sie bilden mit allem, was die tiefste Temperatur in dem Kryostaten hat, die sogenannte "kalte Masse". Kryokühler sind Kältemaschinen mit geschlossenem Kühlkreislauf, durch die das Erreichen kryogener Temperaturen möglich ist und durch die eine Badkühlung mit flüssigem Helium umgangen werden kann, was die Verwendung des Magneten stark vereinfacht. Kommerzielle Systeme bringen bis zu 1,5 W Kühlleistung bei einer Temperatur von 4,5 K. Die Kühlleistung hängt stark von der Betriebstemperatur der zu kühlenden Anwendung ab. Je höher die Betriebstemperatur, desto höher die verfügbare Kühlleistung.The coils are usually wound together from as possible a continuous conductor with only a few interruptions. Interruptions are therefore avoided because heat is often generated on them, which means additional thermal loads for the system. This means a lot of effort for the winding process, since the coils must also be wound in each case in different directions to produce the alternating magnetic field. In principle, these LTS coils, which are therefore also protected from the outside by cold shields, must be cooled to cryogenic temperatures of about 4 K, typically with cryocoolers. They form the so-called "cold mass" with everything that has the lowest temperature in the cryostat. Cryo-coolers are refrigerators with a closed cooling circuit, by which the achievement of cryogenic temperatures is possible and by which a bath cooling with liquid helium can be bypassed, which greatly simplifies the use of the magnet. Commercial systems produce up to 1.5 W of cooling power at a temperature of 4.5 K. The cooling capacity depends strongly on the operating temperature of the application to be cooled. The higher the operating temperature, the higher the available cooling capacity.

Ein Problem, das sich auf die Lösung für Supraleitende Insertion Devices bezieht, ist der Umgang mit dem, durch die Wellenbewegung des Elektronenstrahls erzeugten, Wärmeeintrag bei kryogenen Temperaturen. Die gesamte Wärmemenge eines Strahls einer Synchrotronquelle der dritten Generation kann nach " Heat load issues of superconducting undulator operated at TPS storage ring", J. C. Jan, C. S. Hwang and P. H. Lin, NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan" Proceedings EPAC 2008 " und " Measurements of the beam heat load in the cold bore superconductive undulator installed at ANKA", S. Casalbuoni, A. Grau, M. Hagelstein, R. Rossmanith, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany, F. Zimmermann, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, B. Kostka, E. Mashkina, E. Steffens, University of Erlangen, Germany, A. Bernhard, D. Wollmann, T. Baumbach; University of Karlsruhe, Germany, Proceedings PAC 2007 über 10 W betragen.A problem related to the solution for superconducting insertion devices is the handling of the heat input at cryogenic temperatures produced by the wave motion of the electron beam. The total heat quantity of a beam of synchrotron radiation source according to the third generation can " TPS storage ring ", JC Jan, CS Hwang and PH Lin, NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan" Proceedings EPAC 2008 " and " Casalbuoni, A. Gray, M. Hagelstein, R. Rossmanith, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany, F. Zimmermann, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, B. Kostka, E. Mashkina, E. Steffens, University of Erlangen, Germany, A. Bernhard, D. Wollmann, T. Baumbach; University of Karlsruhe, Germany, Proceedings PAC 2007 over 10W.

Zur Zeit wird das Kühlsystem des Magneten, der, um zu funktionieren, zu jeder Zeit unter einer Temperatur von 4,2 K gehalten werden muss, typischerweise von dem Kühlsystem des Strahlrohrs getrennt, um die Anzahl der Kryokühler zu minimieren. Diese Lösung ermöglicht es, das Strahlrohr im Vergleich zu dem Magneten auf einer höheren Temperatur zu halten, so dassden Kryokühlern noch ausreichend Kühlleistung zur Verfügung steht, um den Wärmeeintrag des Strahls auszugleichen. Obwohl sich das als machbare Lösung erwiesen hat, könnten die technischen Schwierigkeiten und die Sicherheit des Magnetsystems sehr verbessert werden, wenn man den Magneten bei der gleichen Temperatur wie das Strahlrohr betreiben könnte.At the present time, the cooling system of the magnet, which must be kept at a temperature of 4.2K at all times in order to operate, is typically disconnected from the jet pipe cooling system to minimize the number of cryocoolers. This solution makes it possible to keep the jet pipe at a higher temperature compared to the magnet, so that the cooling coolers still have sufficient cooling power available to compensate for the heat input of the jet. Although this has proved to be a viable solution, the technical difficulties and safety of the magnet system could be greatly improved if one could operate the magnet at the same temperature as the beam tube.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Magnetsystem für ein Insertion Device zu entwickeln, bei der kein aufwendiges Wickeln nötig ist und eine aufwendige Kühlung entfällt, wobei Sicherheitsprobleme aufgrund fehlender Kühlung nicht entstehen sollen.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a magnet system for an insertion device in which no complicated winding is necessary and a complex cooling is eliminated, with safety problems should not arise due to lack of cooling.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter(HTS)-Magnetsystem für einen Insertion Device nach den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches gelöst.This object is achieved by a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnet system for an insertion device according to the features of the first claim.

Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wieder.Subclaims give advantageous embodiments of the invention again.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung sieht einen Wickelkörper vor, der zylindrisch, oval, rechteckig, viereckig, als Block, aus Platten bestehend u. a. m. ausgeführt sein kann. Auf der Mantelfläche des Wickelkörpers sind Pole mit dazwischen liegenden Wicklungen angeordnet, wobei die Wicklungen ein HTS-Leitband darstellen.The solution according to the invention provides a bobbin, the cylindrical, oval, rectangular, quadrangular, as a block consisting of plates u. a. m. can be executed. On the lateral surface of the bobbin poles are arranged with windings therebetween, wherein the windings constitute an HTS guide band.

Das obengenannte Problem wird grundsätzlich durch das Ersetzen des Niedertemperatursupraleiterdrahtes (LTS), wie er in Standard-Magnetsystemen für supraleitende Insertion Devices verwendet wird, durch ein HTS-Leitband gelöst. Das HTS-Leitband wird bereits bei der Temperatur von flüssigem Stickstoff (77 K) supraleitend und bei einem Betrieb bei tieferen Temperaturen können sich die Leistungsparameter des Leiters signifikant erhöhen.The above problem is basically solved by replacing the low-temperature superconducting wire (LTS) used in standard superconducting insertion device magnet systems with an HTS guide band. The HTS conduction band becomes superconducting even at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K), and when operating at lower temperatures, the performance parameters of the conductor can increase significantly.

Der Leiter ist allerdings durch seine Geometrie und weitere mechanische Eigenschaften nicht beliebig wickelbar, weshalb für diese Art Leiter die Wickelverfahren und Anordnung gegenüber LTS-Material eingeschränkt sind. Trotzdessen werden erste Magnete aus HTS-Leitern hergestellt und eingesetzt, wie z.B. ein Sextupol an der National Synchrotron Lightsource Source in den USA (" Insertion Devices R&D for NSLS-II", T. Tanabe, D.A. Harder, G. Rakowsky, T.Shaftan and J. Skaritka, National Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA, Proceedings PAC 2007 ). Dieser Magnet ist für die Fokussierung des Teilchenstrahls in einem Beschleuniger zuständig. Er erzeugt ein Magnetfeld, das sich auch periodisch in der Richtung umkehrt, jedoch anders als für einen Undulator nicht planar, sondern aufgerollt, so dass sich eine Sternform ergibt. Um dies zu erreichen sind auf einem in sich geschlossenen Joch, das eine Art Kreis bildet, auf der nach innen gewandten Mantelfläche Pole aufgebracht, welche nicht coaxial zu dem Joch liegen. Im Gegensatz dazu sind die Pole der Wickelkörper der vorliegenden Erfindung coaxial auf diesen angeordnet. Ebenfalls wird für so einen Magneten in der Regel der Pol als Wickelkörper verwendet und die Spulen um selbigen gewickelt. Die Spulen werden als sogenannte Double-Pancakes gewickelt, so dass beide elektrische Kontakte auf dem Außenradius der Spule liegen. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist im Gegensatz dazu für einen Undulator ein planares Magnetfeld notwendig, wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt, was einen geraden und planaren Wickelkörper voraussetzt. Die Spulen in der vorliegenden Anmeldung entsprechen diesem Konzept und sind coaxial gewickelt, wobei die elektrische Kontaktierung jeweils an dem inneren und dem äußeren Radius der Spule erfolgt.However, due to its geometry and further mechanical properties, the conductor can not be wound arbitrarily, which is why the winding method and arrangement in relation to LTS material are limited for this type of conductor. Nevertheless, first magnets made of HTS conductors are manufactured and used, such as a sextupol at the National Synchrotron Lightsource Source in the USA (" Insertion Devices R & D for NSLS-II ", T. Tanabe, DA Harder, G. Rakowsky, T. Shaftan and J. Skaritka, National Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA, Proceedings PAC 2007 ). This magnet is responsible for focusing the particle beam in an accelerator. It produces a magnetic field that also reverses periodically in the direction but, unlike an undulator, is not planar but rolled up to give a star shape. In order to achieve this, poles which are not coaxial with the yoke are applied to the inwardly directed lateral surface on a self-contained yoke which forms a kind of circle. In contrast, the poles of the bobbins of the present invention are coaxially disposed thereon. Also, for such a magnet usually the pole is used as a wound body and the coils wound around same. The coils are wound as so-called double pancakes, so that both electrical contacts lie on the outer radius of the coil. As already mentioned, in contrast to an undulator a planar magnetic field is necessary, as in the Figures 1 and 2 represented, which requires a straight and planar winding body. The coils in the present application correspond to this concept and are coaxially wound, wherein the electrical contact takes place respectively at the inner and the outer radius of the coil.

Bei der gefundenen Lösung sind mehrere, vorzugsweise jeweils zwei, HTS-Leitbänder mittels eines Verbindungsteils so miteinander verbunden, dass in den verbundenen Spulen ein gegenläufiger Stromfluss (Fig.2),(Fig.4) erzeugt wird, um die gewünschte Magnetfeldkonfiguration herzustellen.In the solution found, several, preferably two, HTS-Leitbänder are connected to each other by means of a connecting part so that in the connected coils an opposite current flow ( Fig.2 ), ( Figure 4 ) to produce the desired magnetic field configuration.

Das bewusste Einsetzen so vieler Verbindungsteile, die einen Wärmeeintrag in das System erzeugen, unterscheidet sich konzeptionell und grundsätzlich von den bisherigen LTSbasierten Insertion Device Konzepten. Die dadurch entstehenden zusätzlichen Wärmelasten sind nur deshalb zu tolerieren, da ein HTS-Leiter mit einer größeren Sicherheitsspanne im Hinblick auf die kritische Temperatur betrieben werden kann.The deliberate use of so many connecting parts, which generate a heat input into the system, differs conceptually and fundamentally from the previous LTS-based insertion device concepts. The resulting additional heat loads can only be tolerated because a HTS conductor can be operated with a larger safety margin with regard to the critical temperature.

Vorteilhaft ist es, das HTS-Leitband gleichzeitig mit einem darunter angeordneten Isolierband parallel auf die Mantelfläche des Wickelkörpers zu wickeln. Das Leitband weist vorzugsweise einen rechteckigen oder ähnlichen Querschnitt auf.It is advantageous to wrap the HTS-Leitband simultaneously with an underlying insulating tape parallel to the lateral surface of the winding body. The conductive band preferably has a rectangular or similar cross-section.

Die vorgeschlagene Lösung setzt zwei Erkenntnisse voraus: Ein neues Wickelschema um die geforderte Magnetfeldkonfiguration zu erzeugen unter der Nutzung von HTS-Leitband für das Magnetsystem, wie Undulatoren, Wiggler und Insertion Devices von anwendungsrelevanter Länge.The proposed solution requires two findings: A new winding scheme to generate the required magnetic field configuration using HTS guide band for the magnet system, such as undulators, wigglers and insertion devices of application-relevant length.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, den Wickelkörper zylinderförmig auszuführen und coaxiale Pole auf der Mantelfläche anzuordnen. Zwischen den ringförmigen Polen ist eine Aussparung für das Verbindungsteil anzuordnen.Furthermore, it is advantageous to perform the winding body cylindrical and to arrange coaxial poles on the lateral surface. Between the annular poles, a recess for the connecting part is to be arranged.

Darüber hinaus ist es vorteilhaft, auf dem fertig gewickelten Wickelkörper ein oberes Verbindungsstück anzuordnen.Moreover, it is advantageous to arrange an upper connector on the finished wound bobbin.

Im Folgenden sollen die Erfindung und der Stand der Technik an einem Ausführungsbeispiel und sechs Figuren näher erläutert werden. Die Figuren zeigen:

Figur 1:
Grundprinzip eines Undulators mit magnetischem Süd- und Nordpol, mit Elektronen und emittierten Photonen
Figur 2:
Funktionsprinzip eines Insertion Device mit Magnetspulen
Figur 3:
Schematische Darstellung eines supraleitenden Insertion Devices mit Kryokühler für Stahlrohr und Magnet
Figur 4:
Schematische Darstellung der Wickellagen auf dem Joch des Wickelkörpers von Figur 5, rotationssymmetrisch
Figur 5:
Ansicht auf einen Wickelkörper und den Anfang einer Wicklung mit zwei Leitern an einem Verbindungsstück
Figur 6:
Ansicht auf einen fertig gewickelten Wickelkörper, auf dem die oberen Verbindungsstücke angebracht wurden.
In the following, the invention and the prior art will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment and six figures. The figures show:
FIG. 1:
Basic principle of an undulator with magnetic south and north poles, with electrons and emitted photons
FIG. 2:
Functional principle of an insertion device with magnetic coils
FIG. 3:
Schematic representation of a superconducting insertion device with cryocooler for steel tube and magnet
FIG. 4:
Schematic representation of the winding layers on the yoke of the winding body of FIG. 5 , rotationally symmetric
FIG. 5:
View on a winding body and the beginning of a winding with two conductors on a connector
FIG. 6:
View on a finished wound bobbin on which the upper connectors were attached.

Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen das Grundprinzip, nach dem nach dem Stand der Technik bekannte Undulatoren arbeiten. Die Figur 3 zeigt einen supraleitenden Insertion Device, der Stand der Technik ist.The Figures 1 and 2 show the basic principle of working according to the prior art known undulators. The FIG. 3 shows a superconducting insertion device that is state of the art.

Die Figur 1 zeigt das Grundprinzip eines Undulators mit einem Elektron 1 auf der Strahlungsachse 2, wobei ober- und unterhalb der Strahlungsachse 2 Nord- und Südpole 4 des Magnetfeldes angeordnet sind. Die Vorrichtung, die als Ausschnitt gezeigt ist, erzeugt ein periodisch alternierendes Magnetfeld auf die Strahlungsachse 2, wobei die Periodenlänge genau definiert ist. Während die Elektronen 1 das Feld passieren, werden sie durch diese Feldkonfiguration auf eine oszillierende Trajektorie 3 gezwungen und emittieren so Synchrotronstahlung 5 des Elektrons 1.The FIG. 1 shows the basic principle of an undulator with an electron 1 on the radiation axis 2, wherein above and below the radiation axis 2 north and south poles 4 of the magnetic field are arranged. The device, shown as a cut-out, generates a periodically alternating magnetic field on the radiation axis 2, the period length being precisely defined. As the electrons 1 pass through the field, they are forced onto an oscillating trajectory 3 by this field configuration and thus emit synchrotron radiation 5 of the electron 1.

Die Figur 2 zeigt den Ausschnitt von zwei Wickelkörpern 6 eines Magnetsystems mit dem Funktionsprinzip eines Insertion Device mit gegenläufig bestromten Magnetspulen 9,11 deren magnetischer Fluss 10,12 sich in den Polen verstärkt. Die Wickelkörper 6 mit Magnetspulen 9, 11 sind gegenüberliegend angeordnet, wobei die Strahlungsachse 2 zwischen die Wickelkörper 6 mit Polen hindurchführt. Der durch die Magnetspulen 9,11 erzeugte magnetische Fluss 10, 12 erzeugt ein Magnetfeld, für das der jeweils größte Magnetfeldvektor 7 zwischen den Wickelkörpern 6 eingezeichnet wurde.The FIG. 2 shows the section of two winding bodies 6 of a magnet system with the principle of an insertion device with counter-energized magnetic coils 9,11 whose magnetic flux 10,12 amplified in the poles. The winding body 6 with magnetic coils 9, 11 are arranged opposite, wherein the radiation axis 2 passes between the winding body 6 with poles. The magnetic flux 10, 12 generated by the magnetic coils 9,11 generates a magnetic field for which the largest magnetic field vector 7 between the winding bodies 6 has been drawn.

Die Figur 3 zeigt die schematische Darstellung eines supraleitenden Insertion Device mit dem Kryokühler 8 am Strahlrohr 14, durch das die Strahlungsachse 2 führt. Kryostat 15, der Undulatormagnet 17, bestehend aus dem oberen und dem unteren Joch, sowie die kalte Masse 18 sind der Figur ebenfalls zu entnehmen. Die Nachteile und die Funktionsweise dieser Vorrichtung wurden bereits beschrieben.The FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of a superconducting insertion device with the cryocooler 8 at the beam tube 14 through which the radiation axis 2 leads. Cryostat 15, the undulator magnet 17, consisting of the upper and the lower yoke, as well as the cold mass 18 are also shown in the figure. The disadvantages and the mode of operation of this device have already been described.

Die Figur 4 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung den Teilschnitt A-A des Wickelkörpers 6 der Figur 5 mit Erhöhungen, wobei HTS-Wickelpakete 13 in einzelnen Lagen 23, 24, bestehend aus HTS-Leitband 23 und Isolierfolie 24, übereinander angeordnet sind. Diese Lagen stellen die felderzeugenden Magnetspulen mit unterschiedlicher Bestromung dar, in die die Richtung 19 des Stromflusses durch die Spulen eingezeichnet wurde. Das Verbindungsstück 16, 20 ist zwischen den Spulen oben und unten angeordnet, so dass ein Stromfluss erfolgen kann.The FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the partial section AA of the bobbin 6 of FIG. 5 with elevations, wherein HTS winding packages 13 in individual layers 23, 24, consisting of HTS guide strip 23 and insulating film 24, are arranged one above the other. These layers represent the field-generating magnetic coils with different energization, in which the direction 19 of the current flow through the coils was drawn. The connecting piece 16, 20 is arranged between the coils above and below, so that a current flow can take place.

Figur 5 zeigt den Wickelkörper 6 für die erfindungsgemäße Lösung in Ansicht mit mehreren durchgehenden Polen 22 mit dem Schnittverlauf A-A. Zwischen den durchgehenden Polen 22 ist das Verbindungsstücke 20 am Anfang der Wicklung in einer Aussparung am Pol 21 zu sehen, wobei das Verbindungsstück 20 zwei HTS-Leiterbänder 23 zu einem Paar miteinander verbindet, unter dem sich ein Isolationsfolienpaar 24 befindet. Zwischen den jeweiligen Paaren 23, 24 ist ein Pol 21 mit Aussparung angeordnet. FIG. 5 shows the winding body 6 for the solution according to the invention in view with several continuous poles 22 with the section AA. Between the continuous poles 22, the connecting piece 20 can be seen at the beginning of the winding in a recess on the pole 21, wherein the connecting piece 20 connects two HTS conductor strips 23 to one another under which an insulation film pair 24 is located. Between the respective pairs 23, 24, a pole 21 is arranged with a recess.

Das in Figur 4 gezeigte und beschriebene neue Wickelschema erlaubt es, alle Spulen in dieselbe Richtung zu wickeln, wie das in Figur 5 zu sehen ist.This in FIG. 4 shown and described new winding scheme allows to wind all the coils in the same direction as that in FIG. 5 you can see.

Die alternierende Magnetfeldstruktur, die für einen Undulator oder eine Wicklung typisch ist, entsteht durch das richtige Verbinden der Spulen untereinander, um so den Stromfluss so zu steuern, wie das in Figur 4 dargestellt ist, dass ein gegenläufiger Stromfluss hergestellt wird.The alternating magnetic field structure typical of an undulator or winding is created by properly connecting the coils to each other to control the current flow as in FIG FIG. 4 is shown that an opposite current flow is produced.

Gemäß dem neuen Wickelschema (siehe Fig. 5) wird das blanke HTS Leitband 23 gleichzeitig mit einem Isolationsband 24 parallel auf den Wickelkörper 6 gewickelt. Vor dem Wickeln werden zwei Leitbänder 23 auf ein HTS-Plättchen 20 gelötet, um sie so elektrisch zu verbinden. Das Plättchen wird auf den Wickelkern 6 geklebt, um so während des Wickelprozesses Spannung aufbauen zu können. Die beiden Leiter 23 werden gleichzeitig parallel zueinander und mit den Isolationsfolien 24 gewickelt. Wenn der Wickelprozess der zwei Spulen abgeschlossen ist, wird das Leitband fixiert und abgeschnitten, um zwei neue Spulen zu wickeln. Die Polerhöhungen 21 des Wickelkörpers 6 haben Aussparungen dort, wo eines der unteren Verbindungsstücke 20 liegen muss, und durchgehende Polerhöhungen 22, wo die Wickelsegmente 25 miteinander über ein oben aufliegendes Verbindungsstück elektrisch verbunden werden.According to the new winding scheme (see Fig. 5 ), the bare HTS conductive strip 23 is wound simultaneously with an insulating tape 24 parallel to the winding body 6. Before the Winding two Leitbänder 23 are soldered to a HTS plate 20 so as to connect them electrically. The wafer is glued to the winding core 6 so as to be able to build up tension during the winding process. The two conductors 23 are simultaneously wound parallel to each other and with the insulating films 24. When the winding process of the two spools is completed, the leader tape is fixed and cut to wind two new spools. The Polerhöhungen 21 of the bobbin 6 have recesses where one of the lower connecting pieces 20 must be, and continuous Polerhöhungen 22, where the winding segments 25 are electrically connected to each other via a top-mounted connector.

Die Figur 6 zeigt, wie die zwei Spulen mit den zwei vorhergehenden verbunden werden, um den elektrischen Fluss wie in Figur 4 gezeigt, zu erzeugen. Diese Vorgehensweise vereinfacht den Wickelprozess sehr und durch die modulare Anordnung können gegebenenfalls einzelne Spulenpaare ausgetauscht werden. Das Schema kann auf jede mögliche Konfiguration eines HTS-Magnetsystems eines Insertion Devices angewendet werden und eignet sich daher auch für die Anwendung in sogenannten Freie Elektronen Lasern und anderen auf Teilchenbeschleunigern basierenden Lichtquellen.The FIG. 6 Fig. 2 shows how the two coils are connected to the two previous ones to measure the electrical flux as in FIG. 4 shown to produce. This procedure greatly simplifies the winding process and, if necessary, individual coil pairs can be replaced by the modular arrangement. The scheme can be applied to any possible configuration of an HTS magnet system of an insertion device and is therefore also suitable for use in so-called free electron lasers and other particle accelerator based light sources.

Liste der verwendeten BezugszeichenList of reference numbers used

11
Elektronelectron
22
Strahlungsachseradiation axis
33
Trajektorie des Elektrons im MagnetfeldTrajectory of the electron in the magnetic field
44
Nord- und Südpole des MagnetfeldesNorth and South poles of the magnetic field
55
Emittiertes Licht des ElektronsEmitted light of the electron
66
Wickelkörper mit PolenWinding body with poles
77
Größter MagnetfeldvektorLargest magnetic field vector
88th
Kryokühler an Strahlrohr und MagnetCryocooler on jet pipe and magnet
99
Magnetspule (Nordpol) - Stromfluss in EbeneMagnetic coil (north pole) - current flow in level
1010
Durch Magnetspule erzeugter magnetischer Fluss (Nord)Magnetic flux generated by magnetic coil (North)
1111
Magnetspule (Südpol) - Stromfluss aus EbeneMagnetic coil (South Pole) - current flow out of plane
1212
Durch Magnetspule erzeugter magnetischer Fluss (Süd)Magnetic flux generated by magnetic coil (South)
1313
HTS-Wickelpaket mit einzelnen LagenHTS wrapping package with individual layers
1414
Strahlrohrlance
1515
Kryostatcryostat
1616
Oberes Verbindungsstück über durchgehenden PolUpper connector over continuous pole
1717
Undulatormagnet (Oberes und Unteres Joch)Undulator magnet (upper and lower yoke)
1818
Kalte MasseCold mass
1919
Richtung des Stromflusses durch die SpulenDirection of current flow through the coils
2020
Verbindungsstück am Start der Wickelung (unten)Connector at the start of the winding (below)
2121
Pol mit Aussparung für VerbindungsstückPole with recess for connector
2222
Durchgehender PolContinuous pole
2323
HTS-LeitbandpaarHTS Leitbandpaar
2424
IsolationsfolienpaarInsulation blanket couple
2525
HTS-MagnetspuleHTS coil

Claims (6)

  1. High-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnet system, preferably for an insertion device for generation of high-intensity synchrotron radiation, consisting of the coil body (6), on the mantle surface of which poles with windings that lie between them are disposed, characterized in that
    - field-reinforcing poles (21, 22) are disposed coaxially on the coil body (6),
    - at least one HTS conductor strip pair (23) is wound in one direction onto the coil body (6) between the poles (22), to form an HTS winding package (13), between which package another pole (21) is disposed, and
    - adjacent HTS winding packages (13) or sections are electrically connected with one another in such a manner that the current flow runs in opposite directions, in each instance.
  2. HTS magnet system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two HTS conductor strip pairs (23) are connected with one another by means of a connecting part (20, 16) and wound.
  3. HTS magnet system according to claim 2, characterized in that the HTS conductor strip pairs (23) are wound onto the mantle surface of the coil body (6) with an insulation strip (24) disposed underneath, in parallel.
  4. HTS magnet system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coil body (6) has a cylindrical shape.
  5. HTS magnet system according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a recess for the connecting part (20) is disposed between the coaxial poles (22).
  6. HTS magnet system according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an upper connecting piece (16) is disposed on the finished, wound coil body (6).
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US10249420B2 (en) 2015-12-08 2019-04-02 Uchicago Argonne, Llc Continuous winding magnets using thin film conductors without resistive joints
US10646723B2 (en) * 2016-08-04 2020-05-12 The Johns Hopkins University Device for magnetic stimulation of the vestibular system
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US10485089B2 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-11-19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Helical permanent magnet structure and undulator using the same
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