EP2595169B1 - Mécanisme de libération thermo-magnétique pour disjoncteurs - Google Patents

Mécanisme de libération thermo-magnétique pour disjoncteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2595169B1
EP2595169B1 EP20110460056 EP11460056A EP2595169B1 EP 2595169 B1 EP2595169 B1 EP 2595169B1 EP 20110460056 EP20110460056 EP 20110460056 EP 11460056 A EP11460056 A EP 11460056A EP 2595169 B1 EP2595169 B1 EP 2595169B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
release mechanism
electromagnet
magnetic
core
yoke
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EP20110460056
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2595169A1 (fr
Inventor
Adam Ruszczyk
Adrian Mrozek
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ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
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Priority to EP20110460056 priority Critical patent/EP2595169B1/fr
Priority to ES11460056T priority patent/ES2467937T3/es
Priority to IN4229CHN2014 priority patent/IN2014CN04229A/en
Priority to CN201280055166.2A priority patent/CN104054154B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2012/004238 priority patent/WO2013075770A1/fr
Publication of EP2595169A1 publication Critical patent/EP2595169A1/fr
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Publication of EP2595169B1 publication Critical patent/EP2595169B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermo-magnetic release mechanism for circuit breakers protecting electric circuits in electric transmission networks, and in particular for circuit breakers protecting the electric circuits of electric energy receivers against short circuits or overloads.
  • Patent description EP1526560 describes a circuit breaker comprising an electromagnetic release and a thermal release which are located in a common housing.
  • the main current path of the circuit breaker contains the contacts of the main circuit breaker, an electromagnetic release and a thermal release.
  • the electromagnetic release is the main current coil placed on a magnetic core. If a short circuit current flows through the coil winding in the main path, the electromagnetic release causes the opening of the contacts of the main circuit breaker. If an overload current occurs, the thermal release located in the auxiliary current path activates an additional disconnecting mechanism which opens the contacts of the main circuit breaker.
  • the thermal release is an electromagnetic circuit comprising a magnetic core, an auxiliary current coil placed on the core yoke, a magnetic armature and a thermobimetal element or a permanent magnet made of a material with variable magnetic permeability.
  • the current coil heats up the thermobimetal element or the permanent magnet which after reaching a suitable temperature cause the movement of the magnetic armature which closes the magnetic circuit of the thermal release and activates the additional disconnecting mechanism for the contacts of the main circuit breaker.
  • the presented solution includes two independent mechanisms for releasing the circuit breaker, which complicates the design of the release and lengthens the current path of the circuit breaker.
  • WO-A-0243095 discloses a release mechanism according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • thermo-magnetic release mechanism for an electric power circuit breaker, comprising an electric circuit and a magnetic circuit, both mechanically and electrically connected with the drive mechanism of the circuit breaker, in which the magnetic circuit comprises a permanent magnet and elements made of a magnetically soft material connected to its poles, which elements are the yokes of the circuit between which the magnetic circuit armature is located, the armature is an electromagnet made of two separable cores, one immovable and one movable, individually connected with the respective pair of yokes and contacting each other frontally in the closed state of the release mechanism.
  • the cores are made of a ferromagnetic material which when heated above the Curie temperature (T C ) changes its characteristics from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic.
  • the coils of the electromagnet are wound in directions opposite to one another on the separable elements of the core with respect to the two separable elements.
  • the movable core of the electromagnet is permanently connected with the yoke of the magnetic circuit fixed by pivot to the pole of the permanent magnet.
  • a tension spring of a tension force smaller than the attractive force between the elements of the electromagnet core, which is generated by the permanent magnet, is fixed to the yoke fixed by pivot to a pole of the permanent magnet.
  • the movable core of the electromagnet is slidably connected with the yoke of the magnetic circuit, which is permanently fixed to the pole of a permanent magnet, and it is permanently connected with one end of a push rod situated in the yoke opening and protruding outside the external surface of the yoke.
  • a tension spring whose one end rests on the external surface of the yoke and the other end rests on a resistance element fixed to the other end of the push rod.
  • the expanding force of the tension spring is smaller than the attractive force between the cores of the electromagnet, generated by the permanent magnet.
  • the core of the electromagnet is made of a material whose Curie temperature T C ranges from 60 to 150°C.
  • the core of the electromagnet is made of ferro powders or sinters of magnetically soft materials, super-paramagnetic materials in the form of: powders, sinters, suspensions or other forms of ferromagnetic particles in nanometric or micrometric sizes, gadolinium-based alloys or composites, Perovskite structures.
  • the numbers of turns of the coils (11a, 11b) is different.
  • the electromagnet coil located on the immovable core is connected with that core by means of a thermally conducting paste or cement.
  • thermo-magnetic release mechanism is its simple design permitting substitution of two independent release mechanisms with one mechanism which reacts both to a short circuit and to an overload of the protected circuit. This results in simplification of the current path in the protective circuit breaker.
  • the release mechanism is applicable to circuit breakers which require small dimensions of the release mechanism and simplification of the current path enclosed in the circuit breaker that protects an electric circuit.
  • fig. 1 shows schematically the protective system with a circuit breaker incorporating the release mechanism according to the present invention
  • fig. 2 the release mechanism in closed state in the first embodiment of the invention
  • fig. 3 the release mechanism in open state in the first embodiment of the invention
  • fig. 4 the release mechanism in closed state in the second embodiment of the invention
  • fig. 5 the release mechanism in open state in the second embodiment of the invention.
  • the protective system comprises a power source 1, a circuit breaker 2 and a protected energy receiver 6.
  • the power source 1 is connected with the circuit breaker 2 through a conductor 3a and a release mechanism 4, 4'.
  • the circuit breaker 2 is electrically connected with the protected receiver 6 through a conductor 3b.
  • the receiver 6 is connected with the power source 1 through a conductor 3c.
  • the power source 1, the conductor 3a, the release mechanism 4,4', the circuit breaker 2, the conductor 3b, the receiver 6 and the conductor 3c together form a closed electric circuit.
  • the release mechanism 4, 4' is built in the form of a magnetic circuit.
  • the circuit breaker 2 is connected with a drive element 5 preferably mechanically connected with the release mechanism 4, 4' and it is electrically connected with the protected receiver 6.
  • the circuit breaker 2, the drive element 5 and the release mechanism 4,4' can be located in a common housing 7.
  • the release mechanism 4,4' contains a permanent magnet 8 whose poles are connected with elements made of a magnetically soft material which form the yokes of the magnetic circuit of the release mechanism, the first immovable yoke 9a being permanently connected with the first pole of the permanent magnet 8 and the second movable yoke 9b being rotationally connected with the second pole of the permanent magnet 8, as in the first embodiment of the invention, or the first immovable yoke 9a being permanently connected with the first pole of the permanent magnet 8, and the second immovable yoke 9b' being permanently connected with the second pole of the permanent magnet 8, as in the second embodiment of the invention.
  • the yokes 9a, 9b and 9b' have the form of plates made of a magnetically soft material which are situated opposite one another. Between the yokes 9a and 9b, or 9a and 9b' there is located the armature of the magnetic circuit of the release mechanism 4,4', which is an electromagnet 10 formed by two cores 10a and 10b, in the first embodiment of the invention, or 10a and 10b' in the second embodiment of the invention. Electric coils 11a and 11b which are electrically connected with the circuit breaker 2 and with the power source 1 through the conductor 3a are wound in directions opposite to one another on the cores 10a and 10b, or on the cores 10a and 10b'.
  • the coil 11a is wound directly on the core 10a or it is fixed by means of a thermally conductive cement or a thermally conductive paste, which is not shown in the drawing.
  • the coil 11b is wound on the core 10b or 10b' in such way that the core can freely move inside the coil and the winding direction of the coil 11b is opposite to the winding direction of the coil 11a.
  • the cores 10a, 10b, 10b' of the electromagnet are made of a magnetically soft ferromagnetic material which after exceeding the Curie temperature T C , changes its characteristics from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic.
  • the electromagnet cores 10a, 10b, 10b' behave as ferromagnetics and they present a convenient path for the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8, i.e. they have low magnetic reluctance.
  • the electromagnet core 10a, 10b, 10b' increases its magnetic reluctance and breaks the path for the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8.
  • the cores 10a, 10b, 10b' of the electromagnet 10 are made of a ferromagnetic material whose Curie temperature T C is within the range from 60°C to 150°C. The following materials have such properties:
  • the immovable yoke 9a is permanently fixed to one of the poles of the permanent magnet 8.
  • the movable yoke 9b is fixed to the other pole of the permanent magnet 8 by means of a pivot 12 in such way that the yoke 9b can rotate within a limited range around the axis of rotation of the pivot 12 without losing contact with the permanent magnet 8.
  • the magnetic cores 10a and 10b are permanently attached to the free ends of the yokes 9a and 9b in such way that in the closed state of the release mechanism 4 the free ends of the cores contact each other frontally.
  • the cores 10a and 10b there are electric coils 11a and 11b wound in directions opposite to one another, preferably of copper wire, which are electrically connected with the conductor 3a and the circuit breaker 2.
  • the coils 11a, 11b are used to generate a magnetic field in the cores 10a and 10b.
  • the direction of winding opposite to one another of the electric coils 11a and 11b means that the coil 11a on the magnetic core 10a is wound in one direction, and the coil 11b on the magnetic core 10b is wound in the opposite direction, and owing to that the coil 11a magnetizes the core 10a with the opposite magnetic polarization to the magnetic polarization of the core 10b magnetized by the coil 11b.
  • Oppositely magnetized cores will repel each other and the repulsion force will depend on the value of the current flowing through the coils 11a and 11b.
  • the permanent magnet 8, the yokes 9a, 9b of a magnetically soft material and the cores 10a, 10b form a magnetic circuit which is closed when the cores 10a and 10b contact each other, i.e. in the closed state of the release mechanism 4.
  • Magnetic cores 10a and 10b can contact one another or disconnect, depending on the change in the position of the movable yoke 9b of the magnetic circuit that forms the magnetic path for the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8.
  • the magnetic flux whose source is the permanent magnet 8 generates such force of magnetic attraction that makes the core 10b of the movable yoke 9b attracted and frontally contacts the core 10a of the immovable yoke 9a of the magnetic circuit.
  • the tension force of the spring 13 attached to the movable yoke 9b counteracts the force of magnetic attraction generated by the permanent magnet 8.
  • the repulsion force generated by the cores 10a and 10b counteracts the force of magnetic attraction.
  • the magnetic circuit remains closed, i.e. it remains in the closed state of the release mechanism 4 - fig. 2 .
  • the principle of operation of the release mechanism 4 according to the first embodiment of the invention depends on the type of the factor causing the action of the release mechanism and it is different in the case of occurrence of a short circuit and in the case of occurrence of an overload in the system protected by the circuit breaker.
  • the release mechanism 4 operates in the following way.
  • the coil 11a When short-circuit current flows through the coils 11a and 11b, the coil 11a generates a magnetic field in the first core 10a of the electromagnet and the coil 11b generates a magnetic field in the other core 10b of the electromagnet.
  • the magnetic fields generated in both cores 10a and 10b generated as a result of flow of the same current, will also be directed in directions opposite to each other.
  • the oppositely directed magnetic fields in both cores will repel each other creating a force of repulsion of magnetic fields, in the drawing indicated by the arrow F C .
  • the load current flows through the electric coils 11a and 11b which are made of a conductor, e.g. copper wire, of a specific resistance. Flow of load current through the coils 11a and 11b results in loss of power dissipated in the form of heat.
  • the amount of emitted heat depends on the strength of the load current of the receiver 6. An increase in the strength of the current increases the amount of emitted heat which affects the increase in the temperature of the coils 11a and 11b. Since the coils 11a and 11b are wound on the cores 10a and 10b, these cores 10a and 10b heat up from them. A load current larger than the rated current will heat up the cores 10a, 10b stronger.
  • the cores 10a, 10b will pass from ferromagnetic state to paramagnetic state, increasing the reluctance of the magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8 closes. In consequence, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8 decreases and the force of magnetic attraction of the cores 10a and 10b, indicated in the drawing by the arrow F M , decreases. If the force F M is less than the tension force of the spring 13, indicated in the drawing by the arrow F S , then the movable yoke 9b together with the core 10b and the push rod 15 will turn around the axis of rotation of the pivot 12 by an angle ⁇ - fig. 3 . The turn of the yoke 9b and the change in the position of the push rod 15 actuates the drive 5 of the circuit breaker 2.
  • the immovable yoke 9a made of a magnetically soft material, whose other end is permanently connected with the core 10a, is permanently connected to one pole of the permanent magnet 8.
  • the other pole of the permanent magnet 8 is permanently connected with the second immovable yoke 9b'.
  • the yoke 9b' there is an opening 14 through which the movable core 10b' moves.
  • Magnetic flux whose source is the permanent magnet 8, generates such force of magnetic attraction that the movable core 10b' of the immovable yoke 9b' is attracted and frontally contacts the immovable core 10a of the yoke 9a of the magnetic circuit. In such case a closed magnetic circuit is formed for the flux generated by the permanent magnet 8.
  • the core 10b' has a mechanical element 15 attached to it, in the form of a push rod or a pull rod on which a expanding spring 16 is located. With its one end the expanding spring rests on the external surface of the yoke 9b', and the other end rests on a resistance element 17 fixed to the other end of the push rod 15.
  • the mechanical element 15 transfers the expansion force of the spring 16 which attempts to move the core 10b' towards the opening 14 in the yoke 9b' and break the magnetic circuit of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8. If the expansion force of the spring 16 is smaller than the force of magnetic attraction caused by the permanent magnet 8, the magnetic circuit remains closed, i.e. in the closed state of the release mechanism 4' - fig. 4 .
  • the principle of operation of the release mechanism 4' according to the second embodiment of the invention depends on the type of the factor causing the action of the release mechanism and it is different in the case of occurrence of a short circuit and in the case of occurrence of an overload in the system protected by the circuit breaker.
  • the coil 11a When short-circuit current flows through the coils 11a and 11b, the coil 11a generates a magnetic field in the first core 10a of the electromagnet and the coil 11b generates a magnetic field in the other core 10b' of the electromagnet.
  • the magnetic fields generated in both cores 10a and 10b' generated as a result of flow of the same current, will also be directed in directions opposite to each other.
  • the oppositely directed magnetic fields in both cores will repel each other creating a force of repulsion of magnetic fields, in the drawing indicated by the arrow F C .
  • the load current flows through the electric coils 11a and 11b, which are made of a conductor, e.g. copper wire, of a specific resistance. Flow of load current through the coils 11a and 11b results in loss of power dissipated in the form of heat.
  • the amount of emitted heat depends on the strength of the load current of the receiver 6. An increase in the current strength increases the amount of emitted heat which affects the increase in the temperature of the coils 11a and 11b. Since the coils 11a and 11b are wound on the cores 10a and 10b', the cores 10a and 10b' heat up from them. A load current larger than the rated current will heat up the cores 10a, 10b stronger.
  • the cores 10a, 10b' will pass from ferromagnetic state to paramagnetic state, increasing the reluctance of the magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8 closes. In consequence, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8 decreases and the force of magnetic attraction of the cores 10a and 10b', indicated in the drawing by the arrow F M , decreases. If the force F M is less than the expansion force of the spring 16, indicated in the drawing by the arrow F S , the movable core 10b' will move by a distance x in the drawing, towards the opening 14, at the same time moving the push rod 15 outside the release mechanism 4' - fig. 5 . The shift of the push rod 15 by the distance x actuates the drive 5 of the circuit breaker 2.
  • the yokes 9a, 9b and 9b' may take a different shape than that described in the example of the invention embodiment.
  • the yokes 9a, 9b and 9b' can be a part of the permanent magnet 8, i.e. its poles, or they can form suitably shaped magnetic cores of the electromagnet 10.
  • Individual coils 11a, 11b wound on the cores 10a, 10b and 10b' can have different number of turns depending on the operating needs of the release mechanism 4, 4'.

Claims (9)

  1. Mécanisme de libération thermomagnétique (4, 4') pour disjoncteurs (2) comprenant un circuit électrique et un circuit magnétique, connectés mécaniquement et électriquement aux éléments d'entraînement (5) du disjoncteur, où le circuit magnétique est muni d'un aimant permanent (8) et des éléments en matériau magnétiquement tendre connectés à ses pôles, constituant des culasses du circuit (9a, 9b) ou (9a, 9b') entre lesquelles est installée une armature du circuit magnétique qui est un électroaimant, caractérisé en ce que l'électroaimant (10) est fait de deux noyaux séparables, l'un fixe (10a) et l'autre mobile (10b) ou (10b'), connectés chacun individuellement avec une paire correspondante de culasses (9a, 9b) ou (9a, 9b') et mis en contact de front l'un à l'autre en état de fermeture du mécanisme de libération (4, 4'), et qui est exécuté d'un matériau ferromagnétique lequel, chauffé au-dessus de la température Curie (Tc) change ses paramètres ferromagnétiques en paramètres paramagnétiques, et les enroulements (11 a, 11 b) d'électroaimant (10) sont enroulés sur les éléments séparables du noyau (10a, 10b ou 10b') dans le sens opposé par rapport à chacun des deux éléments séparables.
  2. Mécanisme de libération selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le noyau mobile (10b) d'électroaimant (10) est connecté en permanence à la culasse (9b) du circuit magnétique, fixé de façon rotatoire au pôle de l'aimant permanent (8).
  3. Mécanisme de libération selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un ressort de tension (13) d'une force de tension (Fs) inférieure à la force d'attraction magnétique (FM) entre les éléments du noyau (10a, 10b) de l'électroaimant, générée par l'aimant permanent, est fixé à la culasse (9b) du circuit magnétique.
  4. Mécanisme de libération selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le noyau mobile (10b') d'électroaimant (10) est connecté, de façon permettant le glissement, à la culasse (9b') du circuit magnétique fixée de façon permanente au pôle de l'aimant permanent (8), et est fixé de façon permanente à une extrémité du poussoir (15) situé dans l'orifice (14) de la culasse (9b') et dépassant la surface extérieure de la culasse (9b').
  5. Mécanisme de libération selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, sur le poussoir (15) est installé un ressort expandeur (16) dont l'une extrémité est appuyée sur la surface extérieure de la culasse (9b') et l'autre extrémité s'appuie sur la butée de réaction (17) fixée à l'autre bout de poussoir (15), étant entendu que la force d'expansion (Fs) du ressort expandeur (16) est inférieure à la force d'attraction magnétique (FM) entre les noyaux (10a, 10b') de l'électroaimant (10), générée par l'aimant permanent (8).
  6. Mécanisme de libération selon une quelconque des revendications de 1 au 5, caractérisé en ce que le noyau (10a, 10b, 10b') est exécuté d'un matériau dont la température Curie Tc est de 60 à 150°C.
  7. Mécanisme de libération selon une quelconque des revendications de 1 au 6, caractérisé en ce que le noyau de l'électroaimant (10) est exécuté en poudre ou en agglomérés des matériaux magnétiquement tendres, super-paramagnétiques sous forme de : poudres, agglomérés, suspensions ou autres formes de particules ferromagnétiques de dimension nano- ou micrométrique, alliages ou composites à base de gadolinium, structures de type perovskite.
  8. Mécanisme de libération selon une quelconque des revendications de 1 au 6, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de spires dans les enroulements (11 a, 11 b) varie d'un enroulement à l'autre..
  9. Mécanisme de libération selon une quelconque des revendications de 1 au 6, caractérisé en ce que le spire (11a) est connecté au noyau de l'électroaimant (10a) par l'intermédiaire d'une pâte ou d'une colle thermo-conductrice.
EP20110460056 2011-11-21 2011-11-21 Mécanisme de libération thermo-magnétique pour disjoncteurs Active EP2595169B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20110460056 EP2595169B1 (fr) 2011-11-21 2011-11-21 Mécanisme de libération thermo-magnétique pour disjoncteurs
ES11460056T ES2467937T3 (es) 2011-11-21 2011-11-21 Mecanismo de disparo termo-magnético para interruptores
IN4229CHN2014 IN2014CN04229A (fr) 2011-11-21 2012-10-10
CN201280055166.2A CN104054154B (zh) 2011-11-21 2012-10-10 用于断路器的热磁释放机构
PCT/EP2012/004238 WO2013075770A1 (fr) 2011-11-21 2012-10-10 Mécanisme thermomagnétique de déclenchement pour coupe-circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20110460056 EP2595169B1 (fr) 2011-11-21 2011-11-21 Mécanisme de libération thermo-magnétique pour disjoncteurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2595169A1 EP2595169A1 (fr) 2013-05-22
EP2595169B1 true EP2595169B1 (fr) 2014-03-19

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EP (1) EP2595169B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104054154B (fr)
ES (1) ES2467937T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN2014CN04229A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013075770A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105762036B (zh) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-20 东南大学 一种基于涡流自触发的模块化多电平换流器直流侧断路器
US11422202B2 (en) * 2020-08-11 2022-08-23 Siemens Industry, Inc. Overload current detection in a circuit interrupting device
CN112382547B (zh) * 2020-11-05 2023-10-17 美高电气科技有限公司 一种热磁可调脱扣器
CN114430096B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2023-06-30 盐城工学院 一种新能源汽车的电池结构

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3471809D1 (en) * 1983-10-21 1988-07-07 Merlin Gerin Thermal and magnetic circuit breaker tripping mechanism
CN2141931Y (zh) * 1992-10-29 1993-09-08 江门市泰来电子仪器厂 磁热定时开关
CN2437041Y (zh) * 2000-05-19 2001-06-27 陈德阳 电路保险器
DE10222552A1 (de) * 2000-11-23 2003-11-27 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrische Schalteinrichtung für Fehlerstrom-, Überstrom- und Kurzschlußstromschutz
DE10058075A1 (de) * 2000-11-23 2002-06-06 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrische Schalteinrichtung für Fehlerstrom-, Überstrom- und Kurzschlußstromschutz
DE10220665A1 (de) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-20 Abb Patent Gmbh Motorschutzschalter
WO2003098651A1 (fr) * 2002-05-17 2003-11-27 Abb Patent Gmbh Dispositif de commutation electrique servant de protection contre les courants de fuite, la surintensite et le court-circuit
DE10349907A1 (de) 2003-10-25 2005-05-25 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrischer Leitungsschutzschalter
JP2007234250A (ja) * 2006-02-27 2007-09-13 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd 遮断機の引外し装置

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Publication number Publication date
WO2013075770A1 (fr) 2013-05-30
CN104054154A (zh) 2014-09-17
IN2014CN04229A (fr) 2015-07-17
ES2467937T3 (es) 2014-06-13
CN104054154B (zh) 2016-03-09
EP2595169A1 (fr) 2013-05-22

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