EP2588767B1 - Tilting-segment bearing - Google Patents
Tilting-segment bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2588767B1 EP2588767B1 EP12735440.5A EP12735440A EP2588767B1 EP 2588767 B1 EP2588767 B1 EP 2588767B1 EP 12735440 A EP12735440 A EP 12735440A EP 2588767 B1 EP2588767 B1 EP 2588767B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- shaft
- dam
- tilting
- pad bearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
- F16C17/03—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with tiltably-supported segments, e.g. Michell bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
- F16C17/243—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety related to temperature and heat, e.g. for preventing overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/108—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid with a plurality of elements forming the bearing surfaces, e.g. bearing pads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/1085—Channels or passages to recirculate the liquid in the bearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/002—Cooling of bearings of fluid bearings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a Kippsegmentlager for supporting a shaft having a longitudinal axis, the at least two circumferentially spaced Kippsegmente, each having a bearing surface, and at least one Warmölausleiter, which is arranged in a space between the at least two tilting segments, at least one in axial direction extending first dam, arranged in a circumferential direction of the shaft behind the first dam oil injection device and a first oil discharge, wherein the oil injection device is adapted to inject oil onto the shaft so that adhering to the shaft oil is replaced and a mixture formed from the detached oil and the injected oil, and by the first ⁇ laustrag at least a portion of the mixture is discharged.
- Such bearings are known from the prior art, for example from the US Pat. No. 5,879,085 B1 known for a long time. They comprise at least two circumferentially spaced apart tilting segments, each having a bearing surface. These tilting segments are usually lubricated individually with an oil. This oil forms a lubricating film which is located in the lubricating gap between the bearing surface of each of the tilting segments and the shaft to be supported. Due to the rotation of the shaft, the oil is conveyed through this lubrication gap. It is heated so that it leaves the lubrication gap warmer when it has entered it.
- a tilting pad bearing with the various tilting segments is provided for a certain direction of rotation of the shaft.
- Each of the tilting segments has a front and a rear or a leading and a trailing edge.
- the leading or leading edge is the edge that is first swept over by a point on the rotating shaft
- the trailing edge of the tilting segment is the edge that will eventually overflow from the point on the shaft.
- the maximum weight of the shaft to be supported or the maximum achievable speeds should be increased, for example, while maintaining the same design and size of the bearing.
- This increase in performance is achieved, for example, by supplying more cool oil or by introducing cooler oil specifically to the most heavily loaded and therefore hottest points of the plain bearing.
- hot oil that has passed, for example, through the lubricating gap between one of the tilting segments and the shaft, can be prevented from entering the next lubricating gap between the adjoining tilting segment and the shaft.
- a similar embodiment is from the US 5,738,447 known.
- a separate component is arranged between two adjacent tilting segments has a dam and an arranged in the direction of rotation of the shaft behind the oil supply device. Again, a portion of the oil is blocked by the dam, which emerges from the lubrication gap between the previous segment and the shaft. Again, however, there is a certain distance between the radially inner surface of the dam and the shaft to be supported. Also in this embodiment, therefore, an oil film adhering to the shaft can not be prevented from entering the lubricating gap between the following tilting segment and the shaft.
- the oil supply device is designed in the mentioned embodiment so that the oil is sprayed directly onto the lubrication gap to be filled between the following tilting segment and the shaft. This is to ensure that as much of the cool oil can penetrate into the lubrication gap.
- Kippsegmentlager known in which an additional separate component is also disposed between two adjacently arranged Kippsegmenten. However, this does not have a dam for intercepting a part of the shaft adhering oil. Instead, located on this component a plurality of oil injection nozzles, is sprayed by the fresh oil under high pressure on the shaft to be stored. This is intended to replace a film of oil adhering to the shaft. This mixes with the fresh oil, so that the average temperature of the oil mixture is lowered.
- This oil mixture then enters the lubrication gap between the following tilting segment and the shaft, so that even in this case the film of hot oil adhering to the shaft completely enters the subsequent lubrication gap from the lubrication gap between the preceding tilting segment and the shaft.
- Kippsegmentlager known in which also between two adjacently arranged Kippsegmenten an oil supply device is arranged as a separate component.
- JP 581 80 815 as well as the US 4,247,157 A each disclose a Kippsegmentlager, in which between two spaced-apart Kippsegmenten a hot oil discharger is arranged.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to further develop a generic Kippsegmentlager and to increase the performance.
- the invention solves this problem by a Kippsegmentlager for supporting a shaft with a longitudinal axis according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that in the direction of rotation of the shaft behind the first ⁇ laustrag a second dam and behind a ⁇ leinbringvoriques is arranged, the second Dam and oil inlet device are parts of the hot oil extractor.
- the inventive design of a Kippsegmentlagers a H adoptedölüberschleppung is disturbed in the hot oil from a lubrication gap between a tilting segment and the bearing in the next lubrication gap of the subsequent tilting segment, impaired or even completely prevented.
- This is done by the at least one hot oil discharger, which is arranged between two adjacent tilting segments. He replaces known oil injections, which can be arranged in spaces between tilting segments.
- the space between the two adjacent tilting segments is filled by the hot oil discharge, so that it can not come here to a large oil reservoir into which additional friction effects can occur due to turbulence. This prevents unnecessary heating of the oil and increases the efficiency of the bearing.
- a hot oil spout is firmly arranged and obstructed in a housing ring on which the tilting pads are attached the Kippbewegige the individual Kippsegmente not.
- the hot oil spout of a tilting pad bearing according to the invention has a first dam which extends in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the shaft. It preferably extends over the entire axial length of the tilting pad bearing. It must of course be taken to ensure that he does not come into contact with the shaft.
- the first dam to the shaft must have a game that corresponds at least to the maximum shaft displacement.
- Advantageous distances between the inner surfaces of the first dam and the shaft are thus at least in the order of magnitude of the maximum shaft displacement, that is, for example, less than 0.2 mm, preferably less than 0.15 mm, more preferably less than 0.1 mm. In this way, it is ensured that a large part of the oil on the shaft, which has been heated in the lubricating gap between the preceding tilting segment and the shaft, is prevented from being carried over into the next lubricating gap.
- Behind the first dam is an oil injection device, through which fresh and cool oil is sprayed onto the shaft.
- Typical injection temperatures of the oil are 40-50 ° C. In some cases, injection temperatures of 55 - 60 ° C may occur. The lower the injection temperature, the more effectively the injected oil will cool the bearing and shaft and increase the efficiency of the tilt pad bearing.
- By injecting the cooled oil in the described form of the last remaining on the shaft remaining of the oil from the previous lubrication gap drawn oil is broken and detached from the shaft. It then forms a mixture with the supplied oil. Since a large part of the warm oil located on the shaft has already been caught by the first dam arranged further up front, the warm oil detached from the shaft contributes only very little to the mixture. The temperature of the mixture is therefore determined essentially by the temperature of the fresh, cool oil injected.
- the hot oil spout also has a first oil discharge, through which a part of this mixture of the detached from the shaft warm oil and the injected cool oil can be discharged again.
- This has several advantages. On the one hand, this ensures that a further portion of the oil, which originates from the lubricating gap of the preceding tilting segment, is effectively prevented from penetrating into the following lubricating gap.
- the oil discharge has the consequence that more fresh oil can be injected through the oil injection device than would be necessary for lubricating the next lubrication gap. The excess oil content can be discharged through the oil discharge. This means that the ratio between the injected cool oil and the removed from the shaft warm oil is further shifted in favor of the fresh oil. Thus, the average temperature of the mixture continues to decrease, so that by the oil discharge even more effective cooling of the tilting pad bearing is achieved.
- a second oil discharge located in the direction of rotation of the shaft in front of the first dam.
- warm oil which was intercepted by the first dam, be discharged.
- This discharged oil is collected, cooled and fed back, for example, an oil injection device.
- the second oil discharge be part of the Warmölausleiters or be designed as a separate component or as part of the Kippsegmente.
- a chamber may be provided, which is supplied by oil supply means in the warehouse with cooled oil. This chamber ensures supply of the oil injection device with cool oil.
- a second dam and behind an oil inlet device are arranged, wherein the second dam and the oil inlet device are parts of the Warmölausleiters.
- the second dam can be ensured that the mixture of the injected fresh oil and the detached from the shaft heated oil is almost completely discharged and not used for lubrication of the next tilting segment or the next lubrication gap.
- the oil necessary for lubrication of the next lubrication gap is provided by the additional oil introduction device. Since no oil layer on the shaft must be sprayed off by this introduced oil, the oil can be introduced here with significantly lower pressure. This allows a more homogeneous distribution and a more laminar flow of the oil can be achieved in the lubrication gap, which also prevents losses due to friction and turbulent flows of the oil in the lubrication gap or at least reduced.
- the second dam and the oil inlet device may be parts of the hot oil extractor.
- the oil introduction device as known from the prior art, in the region of the leading edge, ie the leading edge, of the respective tilting segment.
- the leading edge of the respective tilting segment it is possible to form the leading edge of the respective tilting segment as a second dam.
- the leading edge of the following on the Warmölausleiter tilting segment could, for example, be sharp-edged, so that a blocking of the mixture of oil detached from the shaft and freshly injected oil is ensured.
- the leading edge is to be designed so that this mixture on the oil discharge passes.
- leading edge of the respective tilting segment is a chamfer of the segment inflow side, which has an angle of more than 90 ° to the bearing surface. This is where the principle of a non-contact seal comes into play.
- Another possible embodiment of the leading edge of a tilting segment is the shape similar to a turning tool. Such a chisel edge on the segment inflow edge has an angle of less than 90 ° to the bearing surface and is rounded downwards, so that the blocked mixture of different oils can be directed to the oil discharge.
- the second dam on the hot oil spreader and to provide the oil inlet device to be arranged behind it as part of the respective tilting segment. It is only important that the oil inlet device is arranged in the direction of rotation of the shaft behind the second dam, so that the second dam ensures that the mixture of oil detached from the shaft and freshly injected oil that has been sprayed onto the shaft by the oil injection device, is blocked. Thus, a transfer of heated oil from a lubrication gap in the following lubrication gap is reliably avoided.
- the oil injection device preferably has a plurality of nozzles spaced apart in the axial direction. Through this, the oil is preferably injected perpendicular to the shaft. As a result, the momentum transfer to the oil film located on the shaft is greatest, so that it can be safely broken up and detached.
- the oil injection device comprises one or more slots extending in the axial direction. In this way, the most homogeneous possible injection of the oil is ensured by the oil injection device.
- the first dam and / or the second dam are configured bent such that an axially middle portion of the respective dam in the direction of rotation of the shaft is located further forward than in the axial direction outer portions of the respective dam.
- the first dam and / or the second dam comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced lamellae.
- the respective dam comprises not only a leading edge, but a plurality of spaced from each other.
- Each lamella of the respective dam has its own leading edge and thus has a similar effect as a separate dam. In this way, the proportion of oil passed by the dam can be further reduced.
- the first dam and / or the second dam comprises a discharge surface which is shaped in such a way that oil located in the direction of rotation of the shaft in front of the respective dam can be conducted out of the storage in the axial direction.
- a preferred embodiment is designed such that the discharge surface is formed bent so that the middle portion in the axial direction is further forward, as edge portions. This ensures that the oil or oil mixture blocked off at the front of the dam is discharged.
- a tilting pad bearing advantageously comprises a plurality of segments distributed over a circumference of the bearing.
- the segments may be identical or different.
- it may be useful in a lower region of the bearing on which rests the shaft to be stored, to provide wider, so in the circumferential direction longer segments to better withstand the stress occurring here.
- the individual tilting segments are of different lengths in the circumferential direction, provide behind such a long tilting segment a Warmölausleiter, which ensures that no oil from the lubrication gap of the long tilting segment with the shaft are passed into the next lubrication gap as possible can.
- the already described additional oil inlet device which is arranged behind the second dam, is provided, this has the advantage that the oil can be introduced through this oil inlet device not only with lower pressure but also at a more acute angle to the shaft surface. Since it is not necessary to break up and detach an oil layer or an oil film still located on the shaft, the angle of incidence can be chosen to be relatively low here. This also ensures a laminar flow and a homogeneous application of the oil on the shaft and in particular in the lubrication gap of the following tilting segment.
- the tilting pad bearings described above are suitable for supporting shafts with very different diameters.
- shaft diameters of 20-1000 mm are common, and waves with a diameter of 60-200 mm are used especially for high rotational speeds.
- other shaft diameters can be used if such a shaft has to be stored.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a tilting pad bearing 1 not according to the present invention.
- the tilting pad bearing 1 has five tilting segments 2, which are arranged on a bearing ring 4.
- outer surfaces 6 of the individual tilting segments 2 have a smaller radius than the bearing ring 4, as a result of which the individual tilting segments 2 can be tilted about a bearing point 8.
- a hot oil spout 10 is arranged, which, however, does not affect the tiltability of the tilting segments 2.
- the tilting pad bearing 1 shown is designed only for a specific direction of rotation of a shaft to be supported, which is indicated by a directional arrow 12.
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section FIG. 1 , Between two tilting segments 2, a Warmölausleiter 10 is arranged.
- the direction of rotation of a shaft to be supported is again represented by the directional arrow 12, which therefore points from "in the direction of movement of the shaft forward” to "in the direction of movement of the shaft behind".
- the shown Warmölausleiter 10 has at its radially inwardly facing surface via a first dam 14. This ensures that located on the rotating shaft not shown oil, which is supported by the high rotational speeds radially outward from the first dam 14th is blocked.
- the hot oil spout 10 has a first oil discharge 20 and an oil injection device 22, not shown, through the oil injection direction 22 fresh, cool oil is injected onto the shaft.
- an oil film located on the shaft is broken up and detached, mixes with the injected oil and is discharged from the bearing via the first oil discharge 20.
- a second dam 26 by which the mixture of fresh oil and the ejected from the shaft oil film is prevented from entering into the following lubrication gap.
- the oil injected by the oil injector 22 mixes with the oil film peeled off the shaft.
- the second dam 26 is provided. Due to the special design of the leading edge 24, the oil mixture is passed into the first oil discharge 20 and removed from it from the camp.
- an oil introduction device 28 which introduces fresh, cool oil directly into the lubrication gap between the tilting segment 2 and the shaft.
- FIG. 3 a schematic 3D view of a Warmölausleiters 10, as shown in the Figures 1 and 2 has been used.
- the direction of rotation of a shaft is again shown, which is stored in a tilting pad 1, in which the hot oil spout 10 is used. So he points from in the direction of rotation of the shaft forward to the direction of rotation of the shaft behind.
- the hot oil spout 10 comprises a second oil discharge 18, a first dam 14, an oil injection device 22 and a first oil discharge 20.
- the two oil discharges 18, 20 are designed as grooves or depressions, through which an oil or an oil mixture can be discharged from the warehouse.
- the second oil discharge 18 is provided to discharge the oil which is blocked by the first dam 14.
- the oil injection device 22 Directly behind the first dam 14 is the oil injection device 22, which is in the in FIG. 3 shown.
- Embodiment has a plurality of spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of nozzles 28. These extend over the entire axial extent of the Warmölausleiters 10 and thus ensure that over the entire axial extent of the Kippsegmentlagers 1 an adhering to the shaft oil film is detached.
- the oil injected by the oil injector 22 or its nozzles 28 mixes with the oil film detached from the shaft.
- the tilting segment 2 has at its leading edge over a second dam 26, which prevents this oil mixture can penetrate into a lubrication gap between the tilting segment 2 and the shaft.
- the oil mixture is passed to the first oil discharge 20, which has a discharge surface 30 in addition to a discharge edge 32.
- the Ableitkante 32 has no blocking function, but is such designed so that blocked by a leading edge 24 oil or oil mixture can flow along the discharge surface 30 and leave the camp.
- FIG. 4 shows a section through the Warmölausleiter 10 FIG. 3 .
- the second oil discharge 18, the first oil discharge 20 and the oil injection device 22 is in FIG. 4 a chamber 34 which is connected to a nozzle 28 of the oil injection device 22. Through this chamber 34, the oil injection device 22 and the nozzles 28 is supplied with fresh, cooled oil.
- the chamber 34 is connected via leads 36 to an oil supply, is provided by the fresh oil.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic 3D view with a slightly different configuration of a H contemplatölausleiters 10.
- the difference between the in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 5 shown hot oil spout 10 is in the form of the first dam 14.
- the first dam 14 is configured in the form of three successive, circumferentially spaced lamellae 38. Each of these lamellae 38 has a leading edge, so that an even larger proportion of the hot oil adhering to the shaft can be blocked off and supplied to the second oil discharge 18 by a first dam 14 configured in this way.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic sectional view of a tilting pad bearing 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This tilting pad bearing 1 also has five tilting segments 2, which are mounted on a bearing ring 4 via a bearing point 8. They can also be tilted around this bearing point. Between each two adjacent tilting segments 2, a Warmölausleiter 10 is arranged, which, however, in comparison to in FIG. 1 shown example has a slightly different shape.
- a direction of rotation of a shaft to be supported is again indicated by a directional arrow 12.
- FIG. 7 shows an enlarged section FIG. 6 .
- the not shown shaft facing surface of the ⁇ lsausleiters 10 has, as in the previously shown For example, a first dam 14, a second oil discharge 18 arranged in front of it and a first oil discharge 20 arranged behind it, in the region of which the oil injection device 22 (not shown) is located.
- the second dam 26 is formed as part of the Warmölausleiters 10. This second dam 26 prevents the mixture of fresh oil injected by the oil injector 22 and the oil film detached from the shaft from moving into a lubrication gap between a bearing surface 16 of the following tilting pad 2 and the shaft, not shown.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic 3D view of a Warmölausleiters 10, as shown in Figures 7 and 6. From the front to the rear, the surface of such a hot oil spout 10 initially has a second oil spout 18 and a first dam 14, with which a large part of the heated oil located on the shaft can be blocked and discharged from the bearing. Behind this is the oil injection device 22 and the first oil discharge 20. With the oil injection device 22 an oil film remaining on the shaft of the heated oil is sprayed off and discharged together with the fresh oil via the first oil discharge 20.
- the first oil discharge 20 is limited in the embodiment shown by a second dam 26, which prevents the mixture of the injected by the oil injection device 22 fresh oil with the ejected from the shaft oil film from entering a lubrication gap of a following tilting segment 2.
- nozzles 40 are shown which are part of the oil introduction device.
- nozzles 40 of ⁇ leinbringvoriques cool, fresh oil is introduced. Due to the slight inclination of the nozzles 40, this oil strikes the shaft at a low angle of incidence than the oil injected through the nozzles 28 of the oil injector 22. This results in less turbulence and turbulence, so that in general a laminar flow is achieved.
- this inclination makes it possible to introduce oil introduced directly via the oil inlet device or its nozzles 40 onto the lubricating gap, so that a homogeneous and laminar flow is achieved here as well.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross section through the in FIG. 8 It can be seen both the nozzles 28 of the oil injection device 22 and the inclined nozzle 40 of the oil introduction device.
- the nozzles 28, 40 are supplied by the same chamber 34 with oil, which is connected to an oil supply system.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kippsegmentlager zum Lagern einer Welle mit einer Längsachse, das wenigstens zwei in Umfangsrichtung voneinander beabstandete Kippsegmente, die jeweils eine Lagerfläche aufweisen, und wenigstens einen Warmölausleiter aufweist, der in einem Zwischenraum zwischen den wenigstens zwei Kippsegmenten angeordnet ist, wenigstens einen sich in axialer Richtung erstreckenden ersten Damm, eine in einer Umlaufrichtung der Welle hinter dem ersten Damm angeordnete Öleinspritzeinrichtung und einen ersten Ölaustrag aufweist, wobei die Öleinspritzeinrichtung eingerichtet ist, Öl derart auf die Welle zu spritzen, dass an der Welle haftendes Öl abgelöst wird und sich ein Gemisch aus dem abgelösten Öl und dem eingespritzten Öl bildet, und durch den ersten Ölaustrag zumindest ein Teil des Gemisches austragbar ist.The invention relates to a Kippsegmentlager for supporting a shaft having a longitudinal axis, the at least two circumferentially spaced Kippsegmente, each having a bearing surface, and at least one Warmölausleiter, which is arranged in a space between the at least two tilting segments, at least one in axial direction extending first dam, arranged in a circumferential direction of the shaft behind the first dam oil injection device and a first oil discharge, wherein the oil injection device is adapted to inject oil onto the shaft so that adhering to the shaft oil is replaced and a mixture formed from the detached oil and the injected oil, and by the first Ölaustrag at least a portion of the mixture is discharged.
Derartige Lager sind aus dem Stand der Technik beispielsweise aus der
Ein Kippsegmentlager mit den verschiedenen Kippsegmenten ist für eine bestimmte Umlaufrichtung der Welle vorgesehen. Jedes der Kippsegmente weist eine vordere und eine hintere bzw. eine vorlaufende und eine nachlaufende Kante auf. Dabei ist die vordere oder vorlaufende Kante die Kante, die von einem Punkt auf der sich drehenden Welle zuerst überstrichen wird, während die hintere oder nachlaufende Kante des Kippsegmentes die Kante ist, die von dem Punkt auf der Welle als letztes überlaufen wird. Wenn im Folgenden von "in einer Umlaufrichtung der Welle vorn" und "in einer Umlaufrichtung der Welle hinten" die Rede ist, ist dies in diesem Sinne zu verstehen. Eine Stelle auf der sich drehenden Welle kommt folglich zunächst an einem Punkt auf dem Kippsegment vorbei der sich "in Drehrichtung der Welle vorn" befindet, bevor sie an einem Punkt des Kippsegments vorbeikommt, der sich "in einer Drehrichtung der Welle hinten" befindet.A tilting pad bearing with the various tilting segments is provided for a certain direction of rotation of the shaft. Each of the tilting segments has a front and a rear or a leading and a trailing edge. In this case, the leading or leading edge is the edge that is first swept over by a point on the rotating shaft, while the trailing edge of the tilting segment is the edge that will eventually overflow from the point on the shaft. In the following, if "in a direction of rotation of the shaft forward" and "in a direction of rotation of the shaft behind" the speech, this is to be understood in this sense. Consequently, a point on the rotating shaft first passes by a point on the tilting segment which is "in the direction of rotation of the forward shaft" before it passes by a point of the tilting segment which is "in one Direction of rotation of the shaft at the rear ".
Um Gleitlager weiterzuentwickeln und die Leistungsfähigkeit zu erhöhen, soll beispielsweise bei gleichbleibender Bauform und Größe der Lagerung das maximale Gewicht der zu lagernden Welle oder die maximal erreichbaren Drehzahlen erhöht werden. Diese Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit wird beispielsweise dadurch erreicht, dass mehr kühles Öl zugeführt wird oder kühleres Öl gezielt an den am höchsten belasteten und somit heißesten Stellen des Gleitlagers eingebracht wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu kann warmes Öl, das beispielsweise durch den Schmierspalt zwischen einem der Kippsegmente und der Welle gelangt ist, daran gehindert werden, in den nächsten Schmierspalt zwischen dem sich anschließenden Kippsegment und der Welle zu gelangen.In order to further develop plain bearings and to increase their performance, the maximum weight of the shaft to be supported or the maximum achievable speeds should be increased, for example, while maintaining the same design and size of the bearing. This increase in performance is achieved, for example, by supplying more cool oil or by introducing cooler oil specifically to the most heavily loaded and therefore hottest points of the plain bearing. alternative or in addition, hot oil that has passed, for example, through the lubricating gap between one of the tilting segments and the shaft, can be prevented from entering the next lubricating gap between the adjoining tilting segment and the shaft.
Dazu ist es beispielsweise aus der
Eine ähnliche Ausgestaltung ist aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Gleiches gilt für die
Auch aus der
Auch die
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Kippsegmentlager weiter zu entwickeln und die Leistungsfähigkeit zu steigern.The invention is therefore based on the object to further develop a generic Kippsegmentlager and to increase the performance.
Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe durch ein Kippsegmentlager zum Lagern einer Welle mit einer Längsachse gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, dass sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass in Umlaufrichtung der Welle hinter dem ersten Ölaustrag ein zweiter Damm und dahinter eine Öleinbringvorrichtung angeordnet ist, wobei der zweite Damm und die Öleinbringvorrichtung Teile des Warmölausleiters sind.The invention solves this problem by a Kippsegmentlager for supporting a shaft with a longitudinal axis according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that in the direction of rotation of the shaft behind the first Ölaustrag a second dam and behind a Öleinbringvorrichtung is arranged, the second Dam and oil inlet device are parts of the hot oil extractor.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung eines Kippsegmentlagers wird eine Warmölüberschleppung, bei der warmes Öl aus einem Schmierspalt zwischen einem Kippsegment und der Lager in den nächsten Schmierspalt des anschließenden Kippsegmentes überschleppt wird, beeinträchtigt oder sogar gänzlich verhindert. Dies geschieht durch den wenigstens einen Warmölausleiter, der zwischen zwei benachbarten Kippsegmenten angeordnet wird. Er ersetzt dabei bekannte Öleinspritzungen, die in Zwischenräumen zwischen Kippsegmenten angeordnet werden können. Durch den Warmölausleiter wird zudem der Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden benachbarten Kippsegmenten ausgefüllt, so dass es hier nicht zu einem großen Ölvorrat kommen kann, in den durch Verwirbelungen zusätzliche Reibungseffekte auftreten können. Dadurch wird eine unnötige Erwärmung des Öls verhindert und so die Leistungsfähigkeit des Lagers gesteigert. Ein Warmölausleiter wird dabei fest in einem Gehäusering, an dem auch die Kippsegmente befestigt sind, angeordnet und behindert die Kippbeweglichkeit der einzelnen Kippsegmente nicht.The inventive design of a Kippsegmentlagers a Heißölüberschleppung, is disturbed in the hot oil from a lubrication gap between a tilting segment and the bearing in the next lubrication gap of the subsequent tilting segment, impaired or even completely prevented. This is done by the at least one hot oil discharger, which is arranged between two adjacent tilting segments. He replaces known oil injections, which can be arranged in spaces between tilting segments. In addition, the space between the two adjacent tilting segments is filled by the hot oil discharge, so that it can not come here to a large oil reservoir into which additional friction effects can occur due to turbulence. This prevents unnecessary heating of the oil and increases the efficiency of the bearing. A hot oil spout is firmly arranged and obstructed in a housing ring on which the tilting pads are attached the Kippbeweglichkeit the individual Kippsegmente not.
Der Warmölausleiter eines erfindungsgemäßen Kippsegmentlagers verfügt über einen ersten Damm, der sich in axialer Richtung entlang der Längsachse der Welle erstreckt. Bevorzugt erstreckt er sich über die gesamte axiale Länge des Kippsegmentlagers. Dabei muss selbstverständlich darauf geachtet werden, dass er nicht mit der Welle in Berührung kommt. Dazu muss der erste Damm zu der Welle ein Spiel aufweisen, das zumindest der maximalen Wellenverlagerung entspricht. Vorteilhafte Abstände zwischen den Innenflächen des ersten Damms und der Welle sind somit mindestens in der Größenordnung der maximalen Wellenverlagerung, also beispielsweise kleiner als 0,2 mm, bevorzugt kleiner als 0,15 mm, besonders bevorzugt kleiner als 0,1 mm. Auf diese Weise ist gewährleistet, dass ein Großteil des sich an der Welle befindlichen Öles, das in dem Schmierspalt zwischen dem vorangegangenen Kippsegment und der Welle erwärmt wurde, daran gehindert wird, in den nächsten Schmierspalt überschleppt zu werden.The hot oil spout of a tilting pad bearing according to the invention has a first dam which extends in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the shaft. It preferably extends over the entire axial length of the tilting pad bearing. It must of course be taken to ensure that he does not come into contact with the shaft. For this purpose, the first dam to the shaft must have a game that corresponds at least to the maximum shaft displacement. Advantageous distances between the inner surfaces of the first dam and the shaft are thus at least in the order of magnitude of the maximum shaft displacement, that is, for example, less than 0.2 mm, preferably less than 0.15 mm, more preferably less than 0.1 mm. In this way, it is ensured that a large part of the oil on the shaft, which has been heated in the lubricating gap between the preceding tilting segment and the shaft, is prevented from being carried over into the next lubricating gap.
Hinter dem ersten Damm befindet sich eine Öleinspritzeinrichtung, durch die frisches und kühles Öl auf die Welle gespritzt wird. Übliche Einspritztemperaturen des Öls liegen dabei bei 40- 50°C. In Einzelfällen können auch Einspritztemperaturen von 55 - 60 °C vorkommen. Je geringer die Einspritztemperatur ist, umso effektiver werden durch das eingespritzte Öl das Lager und die Welle gekühlt und desto höher ist die Leistungsfähigkeit des Kippsegmentlagers. Durch das Einspritzen des gekühlten Öles in der beschriebenen Form wird der letzte sich noch an der Welle befindliche Rest des aus dem vorangegangenen Schmierspalt überschleppten Öles aufgebrochen und von der Welle abgelöst. Er bildet dann ein Gemisch mit dem zugeführten Öl. Da durch den weiter vorne angeordneten ersten Damm bereits ein Großteil des sich an der Welle befindlichen warmen Öls abgefangen wurde, trägt das von der Welle abgelöste warme Öl nur einen sehr geringen Beitrag zu dem Gemisch bei. Die Temperatur des Gemisches wird daher im Wesentlichen von der Temperatur des eingespritzten frischen kühlen Öles bestimmt.Behind the first dam is an oil injection device, through which fresh and cool oil is sprayed onto the shaft. Typical injection temperatures of the oil are 40-50 ° C. In some cases, injection temperatures of 55 - 60 ° C may occur. The lower the injection temperature, the more effectively the injected oil will cool the bearing and shaft and increase the efficiency of the tilt pad bearing. By injecting the cooled oil in the described form of the last remaining on the shaft remaining of the oil from the previous lubrication gap drawn oil is broken and detached from the shaft. It then forms a mixture with the supplied oil. Since a large part of the warm oil located on the shaft has already been caught by the first dam arranged further up front, the warm oil detached from the shaft contributes only very little to the mixture. The temperature of the mixture is therefore determined essentially by the temperature of the fresh, cool oil injected.
Der Warmölausleiter verfügt jedoch zudem über einen ersten Ölaustrag, durch den ein Teil dieses Gemisches aus dem von der Welle abgelösten warmen Öl und dem eingespritzten kühlen Öl wieder ausgetragen werden kann. Dies hat mehrere Vorteile. Zum einen wird damit gewährleistet, dass ein weiterer Anteil des Öls, das aus dem Schmierspalt des vorhergehenden Kippsegmentes stammt, effektiv daran gehindert wird, in den folgenden Schmierspalt einzudringen. Zudem hat der Ölaustrag zur Folge, dass mehr frisches Öl durch die Öleinspritzeinrichtung eingespritzt werden kann, als zum Schmieren des nächsten Schmierspaltes eigentlich nötig wäre. Der überschüssige Olanteil kann durch den Ölaustrag ausgetragen werden. Dies bedeutet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem eingespritzten kühlen Öl und dem von der Welle abgelösten warmen Öl weiter zugunsten des frischen Öls verschoben wird. Damit sinkt auch die Durchschnittstemperatur des Gemisches weiter ab, so dass durch den Ölaustrag eine noch effektivere Kühlung des Kippsegmentlagers erreicht wird.However, the hot oil spout also has a first oil discharge, through which a part of this mixture of the detached from the shaft warm oil and the injected cool oil can be discharged again. This has several advantages. On the one hand, this ensures that a further portion of the oil, which originates from the lubricating gap of the preceding tilting segment, is effectively prevented from penetrating into the following lubricating gap. In addition, the oil discharge has the consequence that more fresh oil can be injected through the oil injection device than would be necessary for lubricating the next lubrication gap. The excess oil content can be discharged through the oil discharge. This means that the ratio between the injected cool oil and the removed from the shaft warm oil is further shifted in favor of the fresh oil. Thus, the average temperature of the mixture continues to decrease, so that by the oil discharge even more effective cooling of the tilting pad bearing is achieved.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Kippsegmentlagers und des darin enthaltenen Warmölausleiters wird folglich gewährleistet, dass allenfalls ein sehr geringer Teil des aus dem vorhergehenden Schmierspalt austretenden warmen Öles in den nächsten Schmierspalt eintreten kann. Dies wird durch die Kombination der verschiedenen Anteile des Warmölausleiters gewährleistet. Erst in Kombination entfalten sie ihre volle Wirkung. Der durch den Ölaustrag ausgetragene Teil des Gemisches des Öles wird aufgefangen, abgekühlt und der Öleinspritzeinrichtung wieder zugeführt.The inventive design of the Kippsegmentlagers and contained therein Warmölausleiters is thus ensured that at most a very small part of the exiting from the previous lubrication gap warm oil can enter the next lubrication gap. This is ensured by the combination of the different parts of the hot oil extractor. Only in combination do they unfold their full effect. The discharged through the oil discharge part of the mixture of the oil is collected, cooled and fed back to the oil injection device.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform befindet sich in Umlaufrichtung der Welle vor dem ersten Damm ein zweiter Ölaustrag. Durch diesen kann warmes Öl, das von dem ersten Damm abgefangen wurde, ausgetragen werden. Dieses ausgetragene Öl wird aufgefangen, abgekühlt und beispielsweise einer Öleinspritzeinrichtung wieder zugeführt. Dabei kann der zweite Ölaustrag Teil des Warmölausleiters sein oder als separates Bauteil oder als Teil der Kippsegmente ausgebildet sein. Durch einen Warmölausleiter der beschriebenen Ausführungsform kann folglich zum einen warmes, aus dem vorhergehenden Schmierspalt stammendes Öl abgeblockt und aus dem Lager geleitet werden, während gleichzeitig auch überschlepptes Öl, das als dünner Film an der Welle haftend am ersten Damm vorbeigeführt wird, abgespritzt, geblockt und aus dem Lager geleitet werden.In a preferred embodiment, located in the direction of rotation of the shaft in front of the first dam, a second oil discharge. Through this, warm oil, which was intercepted by the first dam, be discharged. This discharged oil is collected, cooled and fed back, for example, an oil injection device. In this case, the second oil discharge be part of the Warmölausleiters or be designed as a separate component or as part of the Kippsegmente. By a hot oil spout of the described embodiment can thus be blocked for a warm, originating from the previous lubricating gap oil and led out of the camp, while also hijacked oil, which is passed as a thin film on the shaft adhering to the first dam, hosed, blocked and be led out of the warehouse.
Damit wird eine effektive Kühlung des Lagers und insbesondere der Kippsegmente gewährleistet. Zudem können dadurch, dass durch den Warmölausleiter der Zwischenraum zwischen zwei benachbarten Kippsegmenten nahezu vollständig ausgefüllt wird, Wirbelverluste im Lager minimiert werden.This ensures effective cooling of the bearing and in particular of the tilting segments. In addition, by the fact that the space between two adjacent tilting segments is almost completely filled by the hot oil spouts, swirl losses are minimized in the camp.
Innerhalb des Warmölausleiters kann eine Kammer vorgesehen sein, die durch Ölzuführungseinrichtungen im Lager mit gekühltem Öl versorgt wird. Diese Kammer gewährleistet eine Versorgung der Öleinspritzeinrichtung mit kühlem Öl.Within the Warmölausleiters a chamber may be provided, which is supplied by oil supply means in the warehouse with cooled oil. This chamber ensures supply of the oil injection device with cool oil.
Erfindungsgemäß sind in Umlaufrichtung der Welle hinter dem ersten Ölaustrag ein zweiter Damm und dahinter eine Öleinbringvorrichtung angeordnet, wobei der zweite Damm und die Öleinbringvorrichtung Teile des Warmölausleiters sind. Durch diesen zweiten Damm kann gewährleistet werden, dass das Gemisch aus dem eingespritzten frischen Öl und dem von der Welle abgelösten erwärmten Öl nahezu vollständig ausgeleitet wird und nicht zur Schmierung des nächsten Kippsegmentes bzw. des nächsten Schmierspaltes verwendet wird. Damit kann eine Warmölüberschleppung aus einem Schmierspalt in den folgenden Schmierspalt vollständig verhindert werden. Das für die Schmierung des folgenden Schmierspaltes nötige Öl wird durch die zusätzliche Öleinbringvorrichtung bereitgestellt. Da durch dieses eingebrachte Öl keine an der Welle befindliche Ölschicht mehr abgespritzt werden muss, kann hier das Öl mit deutlich geringerem Druck eingebracht werden. Dadurch kann eine homogenere Verteilung und eine laminarere Strömung des Öles in den Schmierspalt erreicht werden, wodurch ebenfalls Verluste durch Reibung und turbulente Strömungen des Öles im Schmierspalt verhindert oder zumindest verringert werden.According to the invention, in the direction of rotation of the shaft behind the first oil discharge, a second dam and behind an oil inlet device are arranged, wherein the second dam and the oil inlet device are parts of the Warmölausleiters. By this second dam can be ensured that the mixture of the injected fresh oil and the detached from the shaft heated oil is almost completely discharged and not used for lubrication of the next tilting segment or the next lubrication gap. Thus, a hot oil transfer from a lubrication gap in the following lubrication gap can be completely prevented. The oil necessary for lubrication of the next lubrication gap is provided by the additional oil introduction device. Since no oil layer on the shaft must be sprayed off by this introduced oil, the oil can be introduced here with significantly lower pressure. This allows a more homogeneous distribution and a more laminar flow of the oil can be achieved in the lubrication gap, which also prevents losses due to friction and turbulent flows of the oil in the lubrication gap or at least reduced.
Erfindungsgemäß sind der zweite Damm und die Öleinbringvorrichtung können Teile des Warmölausleiters sein. Nicht erfindungsgemäß ist es möglich, die Öleinbringvorrichtung, wie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, im Bereich der Anströmkante, also der vorlaufenden Kante, des jeweiligen Kippsegmentes vorzusehen. In diesem Fall ist es möglich, die Anströmkante des jeweiligen Kippsegmentes als zweiten Damm auszubilden. In diesem Fall könnte die Anströmkante des auf dem Warmölausleiter folgenden Kippsegmentes beispielsweise scharfkantig ausgeformt sein, damit eine Abblockung des Gemisches aus von der Welle abgelösten Öl und frisch eingespritztem Öl gewährleistet wird. Dabei ist die Anströmkante so auszugestalten, dass sie dieses Gemisch auf den Öl-austrag leitet. Eine mögliche Ausgestaltung der Anströmkante des jeweiligen Kippsegmentes ist dabei eine Anschrägung der Segmentanströmseite, die einen Winkel von mehr als 90° zur Lagerfläche aufweist. Hier kommt das Prinzip einer berührungslosen Dichtung zum Tragen. Eine weitere mögliche Ausgestaltung der Anströmkante eines Kippsegmentes ist die Ausformung ähnlich eines Drehmeißels. Eine derartige Meißelkante an der Segmentanströmkante hat zu der Lagerfläche einen Winkel von weniger als 90° und ist nach unten hin abgerundet, so dass das abgeblockte Gemisch aus verschiedenen Ölen gezielt auf den Ölaustrag geleitet werden kann.According to the invention, the second dam and the oil inlet device may be parts of the hot oil extractor. Not according to the invention, it is possible to provide the oil introduction device, as known from the prior art, in the region of the leading edge, ie the leading edge, of the respective tilting segment. In this case, it is possible to form the leading edge of the respective tilting segment as a second dam. In this case, the leading edge of the following on the Warmölausleiter tilting segment could, for example, be sharp-edged, so that a blocking of the mixture of oil detached from the shaft and freshly injected oil is ensured. In this case, the leading edge is to be designed so that this mixture on the oil discharge passes. One possible embodiment of the leading edge of the respective tilting segment is a chamfer of the segment inflow side, which has an angle of more than 90 ° to the bearing surface. This is where the principle of a non-contact seal comes into play. Another possible embodiment of the leading edge of a tilting segment is the shape similar to a turning tool. Such a chisel edge on the segment inflow edge has an angle of less than 90 ° to the bearing surface and is rounded downwards, so that the blocked mixture of different oils can be directed to the oil discharge.
Natürlich ist es auch möglich, die genannten Ausgestaltungen zu wählen, wenn der zweite Damm, erfindungsgemäß, Teil des Warmölausleiters ist.Of course, it is also possible to choose the mentioned embodiments, if the second dam, according to the invention, is part of the hot oil extractor.
Nicht erfindungsgemäß ist es auch möglich, am Warmölausleiter lediglich den zweiten Damm vorzusehen und die dahinter anzuordnende Öleinbringvorrichtung als Teil des jeweiligen Kippsegmentes vorzusehen. Wichtig ist lediglich, dass die Öleinbringvorrichtung in Umlaufrichtung der Welle hinter dem zweiten Damm angeordnet wird, so dass der zweite Damm dafür sorgt, dass das Gemisch aus von der Welle abgelöstem Öl und frisch eingespritztem Öl, das durch die Öleinspritzeinrichtung auf die Welle gespritzt wurde, abgeblockt wird. So wird ein Übertrag von erwärmtem Öl aus einem Schmierspalt in den folgenden Schmierspalt sicher vermieden.Not according to the invention it is also possible to provide only the second dam on the hot oil spreader and to provide the oil inlet device to be arranged behind it as part of the respective tilting segment. It is only important that the oil inlet device is arranged in the direction of rotation of the shaft behind the second dam, so that the second dam ensures that the mixture of oil detached from the shaft and freshly injected oil that has been sprayed onto the shaft by the oil injection device, is blocked. Thus, a transfer of heated oil from a lubrication gap in the following lubrication gap is reliably avoided.
Bevorzugt weist die Öleinspritzeinrichtung eine Mehrzahl in axialer Richtung voneinander beabstandete Düsen auf. Durch diese wird das Öl bevorzugt senkrecht auf die Welle eingespritzt. Dadurch ist der Impulsübertrag auf den sich an der Welle befindenden Ölfilm am größten, so dass dieser sicher aufgebrochen und abgelöst werden kann. Alternativ dazu umfasst die Öleinspritzeinrichtung einen oder mehrere sich in axialer Richtung erstreckende Schlitze. Auf diese Weise ist insbesondere eine möglichst homogene Einspritzung des Öles durch die Öleinspritzeinrichtung gewährleistet.The oil injection device preferably has a plurality of nozzles spaced apart in the axial direction. Through this, the oil is preferably injected perpendicular to the shaft. As a result, the momentum transfer to the oil film located on the shaft is greatest, so that it can be safely broken up and detached. Alternatively, the oil injection device comprises one or more slots extending in the axial direction. In this way, the most homogeneous possible injection of the oil is ensured by the oil injection device.
Vorzugsweise sind der erste Damm und/oder der zweite Damm derart gebogen ausgestaltet, dass sich ein in axialer Richtung mittlerer Anteil des jeweiligen Dammes in Umlaufrichtung der Welle weiter vorn befindet als in axialer Richtung äußere Anteile des jeweiligen Damms. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass Öl, das von der Welle in einem in axialer Richtung mittleren Anteil des Lagers abgelöst wird, sicher und besonders einfach und wirksam nach radial außen geleitet wird, wo es das Lager verlassen kann. Als vorteilhaft hat es sich herausgestellt, wenn der erste Damm und/oder der zweite Damm eine Mehrzahl von in Umfangsrichtung voneinander beabstandete Lamellen umfasst. Auf diese Weise umfasst der jeweilige Damm nicht nur eine Anströmkante, sondern mehrere, die voneinander beabstandet angeordnet sind. Jede Lamelle des jeweiligen Dammes hat eine eigene Anströmkante und hat damit eine ähnliche Wirkung wie ein separater Damm. Auf diese Weise kann der Anteil des am Damm vorbeigeführten Öles weiter verringert werden.Preferably, the first dam and / or the second dam are configured bent such that an axially middle portion of the respective dam in the direction of rotation of the shaft is located further forward than in the axial direction outer portions of the respective dam. This ensures that oil, which is detached from the shaft in an axially middle portion of the bearing, safely and particularly easily and effectively directed radially outward, where it can leave the camp. It has proved to be advantageous if the first dam and / or the second dam comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced lamellae. In this way, the respective dam comprises not only a leading edge, but a plurality of spaced from each other. Each lamella of the respective dam has its own leading edge and thus has a similar effect as a separate dam. In this way, the proportion of oil passed by the dam can be further reduced.
Bevorzugt umfasst der erste Damm und /oder der zweite Damm eine Ableitfläche, die derart geformt ist, dass sich in Umdrehungsrichtung der Welle vor dem jeweiligen Damm befindliches Öl in axialer Richtung aus dem Lager leitbar ist. Auch hier ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform dergestalt ausgebildet, dass die Ableitfläche so gebogen ausgeformt ist, dass der in axialer Richtung mittlere Anteil weiter vorn ist, als Randanteile. Damit wird ein Ausleiten des vorn Damm abgeblockten Öls bzw. Ölgemisches gewährleistet.Preferably, the first dam and / or the second dam comprises a discharge surface which is shaped in such a way that oil located in the direction of rotation of the shaft in front of the respective dam can be conducted out of the storage in the axial direction. Again, a preferred embodiment is designed such that the discharge surface is formed bent so that the middle portion in the axial direction is further forward, as edge portions. This ensures that the oil or oil mixture blocked off at the front of the dam is discharged.
Ein Kippsegmentlager umfasst vorteilhafterweise eine Mehrzahl von Segmenten, die über einen Umfang des Lagers verteilt sind. Dabei können die Segmente identisch oder auch verschieden ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere kann es sinnvoll sein, in einem unteren Bereich des Lagers, auf dem die Welle, die es zu lagern gilt, aufliegt, breitere, also in Umfangsrichtung längere Segmente vorzusehen, um hier der auftretenden Belastung besser standhalten zu können. Vorteilhafterweise befindet sich in jedem Zwischenraum, der durch zwei benachbarte Kippsegmente gebildet wird, ein Warmölausleiter. Diese können alle baugleich oder auch unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein. So kann es insbesondere sinnvoll sein, wenn beispielsweise die einzelnen Kippsegmente in Umfangsrichtung unterschiedlich lang sind, hinter einem derart langen Kippsegment einen Warmölausleiter vorzusehen, der dafür sorgt, dass möglichst kein Öl aus dem Schmierspalt des langen Kippsegmentes mit der Welle in den folgenden Schmierspalt überschleppt werden kann. Dies ist bei in Umfangsrichtung kürzeren Kippsegmenten ggf. nicht unbedingt nötig, da hier die auftretenden Temperaturen geringer sind als bei in Umfangsrichtung langen Segmenten.A tilting pad bearing advantageously comprises a plurality of segments distributed over a circumference of the bearing. The segments may be identical or different. In particular, it may be useful in a lower region of the bearing on which rests the shaft to be stored, to provide wider, so in the circumferential direction longer segments to better withstand the stress occurring here. Advantageously, there is a hot oil spout in each intermediate space which is formed by two adjacent tilting segments. These can all be constructed identical or differently. Thus, it may be particularly useful if, for example, the individual tilting segments are of different lengths in the circumferential direction, provide behind such a long tilting segment a Warmölausleiter, which ensures that no oil from the lubrication gap of the long tilting segment with the shaft are passed into the next lubrication gap as possible can. This is in the circumferential direction shorter tilting segments may not be necessary, since the temperatures occurring here are lower than in circumferentially long segments.
Wird zum Schmieren eines Schmierspaltes die bereits beschriebene zusätzliche Öleinbringvorrichtung, die hinter dem zweiten Damm angeordnet ist, vorgesehen, hat dies den Vorteil, dass das Öl durch diese Öleinbringvorrichtung nicht nur mit geringerem Druck, sondern auch in einem spitzeren Winkel zur Wellenoberfläche eingebracht werden kann. Da es nicht nötig ist, eine sich noch an der Welle befindliche Ölschicht oder einen Ölfilm aufzubrechen und abzulösen, kann hier der Auftreffwinkel relativ gering gewählt werden. Auch dadurch werden eine laminarere Strömung und ein homogenes Aufbringen des Öles auf die Welle und insbesondere in den Schmierspalt des nachfolgenden Kippsegmentes gewährleistet.If, for lubricating a lubrication gap, the already described additional oil inlet device, which is arranged behind the second dam, is provided, this has the advantage that the oil can be introduced through this oil inlet device not only with lower pressure but also at a more acute angle to the shaft surface. Since it is not necessary to break up and detach an oil layer or an oil film still located on the shaft, the angle of incidence can be chosen to be relatively low here. This also ensures a laminar flow and a homogeneous application of the oil on the shaft and in particular in the lubrication gap of the following tilting segment.
Prinzipiell sind die oben beschriebenen Kippsegmentlager zum Lagern von Wellen mit unterschiedlichsten Durchmessern geeignet. Gängig sind beispielsweise Wellendurchmesser von 20 - 1000 mm, insbesondere für hohe Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten werden Wellen mit einem Durchmesser von 60 - 200 mm verwendet. Natürlich können jedoch auch andere Wellendurchmesser verwendet werden, wenn eine derartige Welle gelagert werden muss.In principle, the tilting pad bearings described above are suitable for supporting shafts with very different diameters. For example, shaft diameters of 20-1000 mm are common, and waves with a diameter of 60-200 mm are used especially for high rotational speeds. Of course, however, other shaft diameters can be used if such a shaft has to be stored.
Mit Hilfe einer Zeichnung wird nachfolgend ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:
- Figur 1 -
- eine Schnittdarstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Kippsegmentlagers;
- Figur 2 -
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus
Figur 1 ; - Figur 3 -
- eine schematische 3D-Ansicht eines Warmölausleiters,
- Figur 4 -
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch den Warmölausleiter aus
Figur 3 , - Figur 5 -
- eine schematische 3D-Ansicht eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Warmölausleiters,
- Figur 6 -
- eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein Kippsegmentlager gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,
- Figur 7 -
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus
Figur 6 , - Figur 8 -
- eine schematische 3D-Ansicht eines weiteren Warmölausleiters und
- Figur 9 -
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch den
Warmölausleiter aus Figur 8 .
- FIG. 1 -
- a sectional view of a non-inventive tilting pad bearing;
- FIG. 2 -
- an enlarged section
FIG. 1 ; - FIG. 3 -
- a schematic 3D view of a hot oil extractor,
- FIG. 4 -
- a schematic sectional view through the hot oil spout
FIG. 3 . - FIG. 5 -
- 3 is a schematic 3D view of a non-inventive hot oil discharger,
- FIG. 6 -
- a sectional view through a tilting pad bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention,
- FIG. 7 -
- an enlarged section
FIG. 6 . - FIG. 8 -
- a schematic 3D view of another Warmölausleiters and
- FIG. 9
- a schematic sectional view through the hot oil spout
FIG. 8 ,
Zwischen jeweils zwei Kippsegmenten 2 ist ein Warmölausleiter 10 angeordnet, der jedoch die Kippbarkeit der Kippsegmente 2 nicht beeinflusst. In
Der gezeigte Warmölausleiter 10 verfügt an seiner nach radial innen weisenden Fläche über einen ersten Damm 14. Durch diesen wird gewährleistet, dass sich an der nicht gezeigten rotierenden Welle befindliches Öl, das durch die hohen Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten nach radial außen getragen wird, von dem ersten Damm 14 geblockt wird.The shown
In Umdrehungsrichtung der Welle vor dem ersten Damm 14, in
Hinter dem ersten Damm 14 verfügt der Warmölausleiter 10 über einen ersten Ölaustrag 20 und eine nicht gezeigte Öleinspritzeinrichtung 22. Durch die Öleinspritzenrichtung 22 wird frisches, kühles Öl auf die Welle gespritzt. Dadurch wird ein sich an der Welle befindender Ölfilm aufgebrochen und abgelöst, vermischt sich mit dem eingespritzten Öl und wird über den ersten Ölaustrag 20 aus dem Lager ausgetragen.Behind the
An einer Anströmkante 24 eines Kippsegments 2 befindet sich ein zweiter Damm 26, durch den das Gemisch aus frischem Öl und dem von der Welle abgespritzten Ölfilm am Eindringen in den folgenden Schmierspalt gehindert wird. Das durch die Öleinspritzeinrichtung 22 eingespritzte Öl vermischt sich mit dem Ölfilm, der von der Welle abgelöst wird. Um zu verhindern, dass dieses Gemisch in den Schmierspalt zwischen dem folgenden Kippsegment 2 und der Welle gelangt, ist der zweite Damm 26 vorgesehen. Durch die besondere Ausgestaltung der Anströmkante 24 wird das Ölgemisch in den ersten Ölaustrag 20 geleitet und von diesem aus dem Lager entfernt.At a leading
In Umdrehungsrichtung hinter dem zweiten Damm 26 befindet sich eine nicht gezeigte Öleinbringvorrichtung 28, die frisches, kühles Öl direkt in den Schmierspalt zwischen dem Kippsegment 2 und der Welle einführt.In the direction of rotation behind the
Von vorn nach hinten umfasst der Warmölausleiter 10 einen zweiten Ölaustrag 18, einen ersten Damm 14, eine Öleinspritzeinrichtung 22 sowie einen ersten Ölaustrag 20. Die beiden Ölausträge 18, 20 sind dabei als Rillen oder Vertiefungen ausgeführt, durch die jeweils ein Öl bzw. ein Ölgemisch aus dem Lager ausgetragen werden kann. Der zweite Ölaustrag 18 ist dabei vorgesehen, um das Öl auszutragen, das vom ersten Damm 14 abgeblockt wird. Direkt hinter dem ersten Damm 14 befindet sich die Öleinspritzeinrichtung 22, die im in
Das durch die Öleinspritzeinrichtung 22 bzw. deren Düsen 28 eingespritzte Öl vermischt sich mit dem von der Welle abgelösten Ölfilm. Wie in
Eine Rotationsrichtung einer zu lagernden Welle ist wieder durch einen Richtungspfeil 12 angedeutet.A direction of rotation of a shaft to be supported is again indicated by a
In
Bei einer Ausgestaltung eines Warmölaüsleiters 10 gemäß den
- 1 -1 -
- Kippsegmentlagertilting pad
- 2-2
- Kippsegmenttilt segment
- 4 -4 -
- Lagerringbearing ring
- 6 -6 -
- Außenflächeouter surface
- 8 -8th -
- Lagerpunktbearing point
- 10 -10 -
- WarmölausleiterWarmölausleiter
- 12 -12 -
- Richtungspfeilarrow
- 14 -14 -
- erster Dammfirst dam
- 16 -16 -
- Lagerflächestorage area
- 18 -18 -
- zweiter Ölaustragsecond oil discharge
- 20 -20 -
- erster Ölaustragfirst oil discharge
- 22 -22 -
- ÖleinspritzeinrichtungOil injector
- 24 -24 -
- Anströmkanteleading edge
- 26 -26 -
- zweiter Dammsecond dam
- 28 -28 -
- Düsejet
- 30 -30 -
- Ableitflächedeflection surface
- 32 -32 -
- Ableitkantedeflection edge
- 34 -34 -
- Kammerchamber
- 36 -36 -
- Zuleitungsupply
- 38 -38 -
- Lamellelamella
- 40 -40 -
- Düsejet
Claims (8)
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) for mounting a shaft with a longitudinal axis, said tilting-pad bearing having at least two tilting pads (2), which are spaced from one another in the peripheral direction
and each have a bearing face (16),
and at least one warm oil diverter (10), which is arranged in a gap between the at least two tilting pads (2),
at least one first dam (14) extending in the axial direction,
an oil injection device (22) arranged after the first dam (14) in a direction of revolution of the shaft, and
a first oil discharge (20),
wherein
the oil injection device (22) is adapted to spray oil onto the shaft in such a way that oil adhering to the shaft is detached and a mixture of the detached oil and the injected oil forms,
and at least some of the mixture can be discharged by means of the first oil discharge (20), characterized in that a second dam (26) is arranged after the first oil discharge (20) in the direction of revolution of the shaft, followed by an oil introduction device wherein the second dam (26) and the oil introduction device are parts of the warm oil diverter (10). - Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that a second oil discharge (18) is arranged before the first dam (14) in the direction of revolution of the shaft.
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oil injection device (22) has a plurality of nozzles (28) spaced from one another in the axial direction.
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first dam (14) and/or the second dam (26) is/are curved in such a way that a central portion in the axial direction of the respective dam (14, 26) is located further forward in the direction of revolution of the shaft than outer portions in the axial direction of the respective dam (14, 26).
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first dam (14) and/or the second dam (26) comprises a plurality of lamellae (38) spaced from one another in the peripheral direction.
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first dam (14) and/or the second dam (26) comprises a conducting face, which is shaped in such a way that oil located in front of the respective dam (14, 26) in the direction of rotation of the shaft can be guided from the tilting-pad bearing (1) in the axial direction.
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of tilting pads (2) are provided and a warm oil diverter (10) is located in each gap between each two adjacent tilting pads (2).
- Tilting-pad bearing (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the warm oil diverters (10) in the gaps are of identical design.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011105762A DE102011105762A1 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2011-06-24 | tilting pad |
PCT/DE2012/000610 WO2012175068A1 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2012-06-12 | Tilting-segment bearing |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2588767A1 EP2588767A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
EP2588767B1 true EP2588767B1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
Family
ID=46514041
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12735440.5A Active EP2588767B1 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2012-06-12 | Tilting-segment bearing |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2588767B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011105762A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012175068A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015103668A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | B&S Zerspantechnik GmbH | Radial tilting pad bearing with integrated oil guidance system |
DE102021124857A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Tilting pad bearings, in particular radial tilting pad plain bearings |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014211255A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radial tilting pad bearings |
WO2016088166A1 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-09 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Journal bearing |
CN107327474B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆水泵厂有限责任公司 | Tilting pad thrust bearing capable of detecting axial force of rotary machine |
DE102017220874A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bearing arrangement and method for non-rotatably fixing a shaft within a bearing assembly |
DE102018202529A1 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2019-08-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radial tilting pad bearing and method for controlling an oil mass flow in a radial tilting pad bearing |
JP6745292B2 (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2020-08-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Pad bearings, rotating machinery |
CN108799326A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-13 | 国家电网有限公司 | Heat sink is isolated in generating set thrust bearing shoe valve deep fat |
DE102020101866A1 (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-06 | Zollern BHW Gleitlagertechnologie GmbH & Co. KG | Tilting pad bearings and hot oil diverters for such a thing |
DE102020209611A1 (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-03 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Hydrodynamic radial tilting pad bearing |
CN114483780A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Hot oil isolation flow guide structure of radial tilting pad bearing |
CN114856732B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-07-14 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Tile fulcrum structure for tilting pad bearing experiment and assembly method thereof |
CN114776700A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-07-22 | 宜兴市环宇轴瓦制造有限公司 | Tilting-pad type supporting thrust composite bearing of high-power steam turbine |
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JPS5544134A (en) * | 1978-09-22 | 1980-03-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Guide bearing |
CH633867A5 (en) * | 1978-11-10 | 1982-12-31 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | TIP SEGMENT RADIAL BEARING FOR HIGH-LOADED, HIGH SPEED SHAFTS. |
JPS55135225A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-10-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Tilting pad journal bearing |
JPS58180815A (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1983-10-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Tilting pad bearing |
US4497587A (en) | 1983-06-20 | 1985-02-05 | General Electric Company | Three-pad journal bearing |
US5288153A (en) | 1993-01-04 | 1994-02-22 | Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. | Tilting pad journal bearing using directed lubrication |
US5879085A (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1999-03-09 | Orion Corporation | Tilt pad hydrodynamic bearing for rotating machinery |
US5738447A (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-04-14 | Rotating Machinery Technology, Inc. | Pad bearing assembly with fluid spray and blocker bar |
US7758247B2 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2010-07-20 | Kingsbury, Inc. | Journal bearing having surface-contact retained shoes |
-
2011
- 2011-06-24 DE DE102011105762A patent/DE102011105762A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-06-12 WO PCT/DE2012/000610 patent/WO2012175068A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-06-12 EP EP12735440.5A patent/EP2588767B1/en active Active
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015103668A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | B&S Zerspantechnik GmbH | Radial tilting pad bearing with integrated oil guidance system |
DE102021124857A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Tilting pad bearings, in particular radial tilting pad plain bearings |
WO2023046974A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Tilting pad bearing, in particular radial tilting pad bearing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012175068A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
EP2588767A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
DE102011105762A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
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