EP2586976A2 - Turbine for a turbomachine - Google Patents
Turbine for a turbomachine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2586976A2 EP2586976A2 EP12189828.2A EP12189828A EP2586976A2 EP 2586976 A2 EP2586976 A2 EP 2586976A2 EP 12189828 A EP12189828 A EP 12189828A EP 2586976 A2 EP2586976 A2 EP 2586976A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hump
- blades
- disposed
- endwalls
- blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
- F01D5/145—Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations
Definitions
- the subject matter disclosed herein relates to a turbomachine and, more particularly, to a turbine of a turbomachine having a multiple hump endwall.
- a turbomachine such as a gas turbine engine, may include a compressor, a combustor and a turbine.
- the compressor compresses inlet gas and the combustor combusts the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce high temperature fluids.
- Those high temperature fluids are directed to the turbine where the energy of the high temperature fluids is converted into mechanical energy that can be used to generate power and/or electricity.
- the turbine is formed to define an annular pathway through which the high temperature fluids pass.
- rotating blades typically exhibit strong secondary flows at various turbine stages whereby the high temperature fluids flow in a direction transverse to the main flow direction through the pathway. These secondary flows can negatively impact the stage efficiency at each of those various stages.
- a turbine of a turbomachine includes first and second endwalls disposed to define a pathway, each of the first and second endwalls including a surface facing the pathway and at least first and second blades extendible across the pathway from at least one of the first and second endwalls, each of the at least first and second blades having an airfoil shape and being disposed such that a pressure side of the first blade faces a suction side of the second blade.
- a portion of the surface of at least one of the first and second endwalls between the first and second blades has at least a first hump proximate to a leading edge and the pressure side of the first blade, and a second hump disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of the first blade and proximate to the pressure side thereof.
- a turbine of a turbomachine includes first and second annular endwalls disposed to define an annular pathway, each of the first and second endwalls including a surface facing the annular pathway and an annular array of blades extendible across the pathway from at least one of the first and second endwalls, each of the blades having an airfoil shape and being disposed such that a pressure side of one of the blades faces a suction side of an adjacent one of the blades.
- a portion of the surface of at least one of the first and second endwalls between the one of the blades and the adj acent one of the blades has at least a first hump proximate to a leading edge and the pressure side of the one of the blades, and a second hump disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of the one of the blades and proximate to the pressure side thereof.
- a turbomachine includes a compressor to compress inlet gas to produce compressed inlet gas, a combustor to combust the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce a fluid flow and a turbine fluidly coupled to the combustor.
- the turbine includes first and second endwalls defining an annular pathway through which the fluid flow is directable, the first endwalls being disposed within the second endwall and an axial stage of aerodynamic elements disposed to extend through the pathway between the first and second endwalls and to thereby aerodynamically interact with the fluid flow.
- the first endwall exhibits non-axisymetric contouring between adjacent aerodynamic elements with multiple humps proximate to a pressure side of one of the aerodynamic elements.
- a turbomachine 10 is provided as, for example, a gas turbine engine 11.
- the turbomachine 10 may include a compressor 12, a combustor 13 and a turbine 14.
- the compressor 12 compresses inlet gas and the combustor 13 combusts the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce a fluid flow of, for example, high temperature fluids.
- Those high temperature fluids may be directed to the turbine 14 where the energy of the high temperature fluids is converted into mechanical energy that can be used to generate power and/or electricity.
- the turbine 14 includes a first annular endwall 20 and a second annular endwall 30, which is disposed about the first annular endwall 20 to define an annular pathway 40.
- the annular pathway 40 extends from an upstream section 41, which is proximate to the combustor 13, to a downstream section 42, which is remote from the combustor 13.
- the high temperature fluids are output from the combustor 13 and pass through the turbine 14 along the pathway 40 from the upstream section 41 to the downstream section 42.
- Each of the first and second endwalls 20 and 30 includes a respective hot gas path facing surface 21 and 31 that faces inwardly toward the annular pathway 40.
- each blade 50 of each stage is extendible across the pathway 40 from at least one or both of the first and second endwalls 20 and 30 to aerodynamically interact with the high temperature fluids flowing through the pathway 40.
- Each of the blades 50 may have an airfoil shape 51 with a leading edge 511 and a trailing edge 512 that opposes the leading edge 511, a pressure side 513 extending between the leading edge 511 and the trailing edge 512 and a suction side 514 opposing the pressure side 513 and extending between the leading edge 511 and the trailing edge 512.
- Each of the blades 50 may be disposed at the one or more axial stages such that a pressure side 513 of any one of the blades 50 faces a suction side 514 of an adjacent one of the blades 50 and defines an associated pitch.
- the configuration of the blades 50 has a tendency to generate secondary flows in directions transverse to the direction of the main flow through the pathway 40. These secondary flows may originate at or near the leading edge 511 where the incoming endwall boundary layer rolls into two vortices that propagate into the bucket passage and may cause a loss of aerodynamic efficiency. In accordance with aspects, however, the strength of these vortices can be decreased and possibly prevented by placing at least one or more of a first endwall hump near the leading edge 511.
- a cross-passage pressure gradient formed between adjacent blades 50 may give rise to another type of secondary flow component as fluid migrates from high to low pressure regions across the passage 40. This cross-passage flow migration may also cause a loss in aerodynamic performance.
- a second endwall hump aft or downstream of the leading edge 511 and the first endwall hump may accelerate the local fluid. Such acceleration may lead to a reduction in cross-passage flow migration to thereby improve aerodynamic efficiencies.
- a portion 211 of the surface 21 of the first endwall 20 between one of the blades 501 at a particular axial stage of the turbine 14 and an adjacent one of the blades 502 has at least a first hump 60 and a second hump 70 provided thereon.
- first hump 60 and the second hump 70 will be described below as being formed on the first endwall 20, which may be disposed radially within the second endwall 30, although it is to be understood that this embodiment is merely exemplary and that similar humps could be provided on the second endwall 30 as well.
- the first hump 60 may be disposed proximate to the leading edge 511 and the pressure side 513 of one of the blades 501.
- the second hump 70 may be disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of one of the blades 501 and proximate to the pressure side thereof 513.
- a topographical map of the first hump 60 and the second hump 70 is illustrated.
- the first hump 60 and the second hump 70 are defined at a given axial stage of a turbine 14 between the pressure side 513 of one of the blades (the "first" blade) 501 and the suction side 514 of the adjacent one of the blades (the “second” blade) 502.
- the first hump 60 and the second hump 70 rise radially outwardly from the portion 211 of the hot gas path facing surface 21 of the first endwall 20.
- the topographical map illustrates that the hot gas path facing surface 21 establishes a zeroed first radial height 80.
- the first hump 60 and the second hump 70 each rise radially outwardly from this first radial height 80 through at least second through seventh radial heights 81-86 such that they each protrude radially outwardly into the pathway 40.
- the non-dimensional hump radius at the second radial height 81 is approximately 0.175 relative to the first radial height 80
- the non-dimensional hump radius at the third radial height 82 is approximately 0.25 relative to the first radial height 80
- the non-dimensional hump radius at the third radial height 83 is approximately 0.325 relative to the first radial height 80
- the non-dimensional hump radius at the fourth radial height 84 is approximately 0.4 relative to the first radial height 80
- the non-dimensional hump radius at the fifth radial height 85 is approximately 0.475 relative to the first radial height 80
- the non-dimensional hump radius at the sixth radial height 86 is approximately 0.55 relative to the first radial height 80.
- the first hump 60 may have a height from the hot gas path facing surface 21 of about 6.7% of a span of the first blade 501, the first hump 60 may be disposed at 0-10% of the chord length of the first blade 501 and the first hump 60 may be disposed at 0-10% of an associated pitch.
- the second hump 70 may have a height from the hot gas path facing surface 21 of about 5.9% of a span of the first blade 501, the second hump 70 may be disposed at about 42% of the chord length of the first blade 501 and the second hump 70 may be disposed at about 16.6% of an associated pitch.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a turbomachine and, more particularly, to a turbine of a turbomachine having a multiple hump endwall.
- A turbomachine, such as a gas turbine engine, may include a compressor, a combustor and a turbine. The compressor compresses inlet gas and the combustor combusts the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce high temperature fluids. Those high temperature fluids are directed to the turbine where the energy of the high temperature fluids is converted into mechanical energy that can be used to generate power and/or electricity. The turbine is formed to define an annular pathway through which the high temperature fluids pass.
- At one or more axial stages of the turbine, rotating blades typically exhibit strong secondary flows at various turbine stages whereby the high temperature fluids flow in a direction transverse to the main flow direction through the pathway. These secondary flows can negatively impact the stage efficiency at each of those various stages.
- According to one aspect of the invention, a turbine of a turbomachine is provided and includes first and second endwalls disposed to define a pathway, each of the first and second endwalls including a surface facing the pathway and at least first and second blades extendible across the pathway from at least one of the first and second endwalls, each of the at least first and second blades having an airfoil shape and being disposed such that a pressure side of the first blade faces a suction side of the second blade. A portion of the surface of at least one of the first and second endwalls between the first and second blades has at least a first hump proximate to a leading edge and the pressure side of the first blade, and a second hump disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of the first blade and proximate to the pressure side thereof.
- According to another aspect of the invention, a turbine of a turbomachine is provided and includes first and second annular endwalls disposed to define an annular pathway, each of the first and second endwalls including a surface facing the annular pathway and an annular array of blades extendible across the pathway from at least one of the first and second endwalls, each of the blades having an airfoil shape and being disposed such that a pressure side of one of the blades faces a suction side of an adjacent one of the blades. A portion of the surface of at least one of the first and second endwalls between the one of the blades and the adj acent one of the blades has at least a first hump proximate to a leading edge and the pressure side of the one of the blades, and a second hump disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of the one of the blades and proximate to the pressure side thereof.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention, a turbomachine is provided and includes a compressor to compress inlet gas to produce compressed inlet gas, a combustor to combust the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce a fluid flow and a turbine fluidly coupled to the combustor. The turbine includes first and second endwalls defining an annular pathway through which the fluid flow is directable, the first endwalls being disposed within the second endwall and an axial stage of aerodynamic elements disposed to extend through the pathway between the first and second endwalls and to thereby aerodynamically interact with the fluid flow. The first endwall exhibits non-axisymetric contouring between adjacent aerodynamic elements with multiple humps proximate to a pressure side of one of the aerodynamic elements.
- These and other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings.
- Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine engine; -
FIG. 2 is a side view of a portion of a turbine of the gas turbine engine ofFIG. 1 ; and -
FIG. 3 is a radial view of a topographical map of the portion of the turbine ofFIG. 3 . - The detailed description explains embodiments of the invention, together with advantages and features, by way of example with reference to the drawings.
- With reference to
FIGS. 1 and 2 and, in accordance with aspects of the invention, aturbomachine 10 is provided as, for example, agas turbine engine 11. As such, theturbomachine 10 may include acompressor 12, acombustor 13 and aturbine 14. Thecompressor 12 compresses inlet gas and thecombustor 13 combusts the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce a fluid flow of, for example, high temperature fluids. Those high temperature fluids may be directed to theturbine 14 where the energy of the high temperature fluids is converted into mechanical energy that can be used to generate power and/or electricity. - The
turbine 14 includes a firstannular endwall 20 and a secondannular endwall 30, which is disposed about the firstannular endwall 20 to define anannular pathway 40. Theannular pathway 40 extends from anupstream section 41, which is proximate to thecombustor 13, to adownstream section 42, which is remote from thecombustor 13. The high temperature fluids are output from thecombustor 13 and pass through theturbine 14 along thepathway 40 from theupstream section 41 to thedownstream section 42. Each of the first andsecond endwalls path facing surface annular pathway 40. - At one or more axial stages of the
turbine 14 an annular array of aerodynamic elements, such as axially alignedblades 50, are provided. Eachblade 50 of each stage is extendible across thepathway 40 from at least one or both of the first andsecond endwalls pathway 40. Each of theblades 50 may have anairfoil shape 51 with a leadingedge 511 and atrailing edge 512 that opposes the leadingedge 511, apressure side 513 extending between the leadingedge 511 and thetrailing edge 512 and asuction side 514 opposing thepressure side 513 and extending between the leadingedge 511 and thetrailing edge 512. Each of theblades 50 may be disposed at the one or more axial stages such that apressure side 513 of any one of theblades 50 faces asuction side 514 of an adjacent one of theblades 50 and defines an associated pitch. With this configuration, as the high temperature fluids pass along thepathway 40, the high temperature fluids aerodynamically interact with theblades 50 and cause the annular array ofblades 50 at each axial stage to rotate about a centerline of theturbine 14. - Normally, the configuration of the
blades 50 has a tendency to generate secondary flows in directions transverse to the direction of the main flow through thepathway 40. These secondary flows may originate at or near the leadingedge 511 where the incoming endwall boundary layer rolls into two vortices that propagate into the bucket passage and may cause a loss of aerodynamic efficiency. In accordance with aspects, however, the strength of these vortices can be decreased and possibly prevented by placing at least one or more of a first endwall hump near the leadingedge 511. - Furthermore, a cross-passage pressure gradient formed between
adjacent blades 50 may give rise to another type of secondary flow component as fluid migrates from high to low pressure regions across thepassage 40. This cross-passage flow migration may also cause a loss in aerodynamic performance. In accordance with further aspects, a second endwall hump aft or downstream of the leadingedge 511 and the first endwall hump may accelerate the local fluid. Such acceleration may lead to a reduction in cross-passage flow migration to thereby improve aerodynamic efficiencies. - Thus, as shown in
FIG. 2 and with reference toFIG. 3 , aportion 211 of thesurface 21 of thefirst endwall 20 between one of theblades 501 at a particular axial stage of theturbine 14 and an adjacent one of theblades 502 has at least afirst hump 60 and asecond hump 70 provided thereon. For purposes of clarity and brevity, thefirst hump 60 and thesecond hump 70 will be described below as being formed on thefirst endwall 20, which may be disposed radially within thesecond endwall 30, although it is to be understood that this embodiment is merely exemplary and that similar humps could be provided on thesecond endwall 30 as well. - The
first hump 60 may be disposed proximate to the leadingedge 511 and thepressure side 513 of one of theblades 501. Thesecond hump 70 may be disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of one of theblades 501 and proximate to the pressure side thereof 513. - With reference to
FIG. 3 , a topographical map of thefirst hump 60 and thesecond hump 70 is illustrated. As shown inFIG. 3 , thefirst hump 60 and thesecond hump 70 are defined at a given axial stage of aturbine 14 between thepressure side 513 of one of the blades (the "first" blade) 501 and thesuction side 514 of the adjacent one of the blades (the "second" blade) 502. Thefirst hump 60 and thesecond hump 70 rise radially outwardly from theportion 211 of the hot gaspath facing surface 21 of thefirst endwall 20. The topographical map illustrates that the hot gaspath facing surface 21 establishes a zeroed firstradial height 80. Thefirst hump 60 and thesecond hump 70 each rise radially outwardly from this firstradial height 80 through at least second through seventh radial heights 81-86 such that they each protrude radially outwardly into thepathway 40. - In accordance with embodiments, the non-dimensional hump radius at the second
radial height 81 is approximately 0.175 relative to the firstradial height 80, the non-dimensional hump radius at the third radial height 82 is approximately 0.25 relative to the firstradial height 80, the non-dimensional hump radius at the thirdradial height 83 is approximately 0.325 relative to the firstradial height 80, the non-dimensional hump radius at the fourthradial height 84 is approximately 0.4 relative to the firstradial height 80, the non-dimensional hump radius at the fifthradial height 85 is approximately 0.475 relative to the firstradial height 80 and the non-dimensional hump radius at the sixthradial height 86 is approximately 0.55 relative to the firstradial height 80. - In accordance with further embodiments, the
first hump 60 may have a height from the hot gaspath facing surface 21 of about 6.7% of a span of thefirst blade 501, thefirst hump 60 may be disposed at 0-10% of the chord length of thefirst blade 501 and thefirst hump 60 may be disposed at 0-10% of an associated pitch. Thesecond hump 70 may have a height from the hot gaspath facing surface 21 of about 5.9% of a span of thefirst blade 501, thesecond hump 70 may be disposed at about 42% of the chord length of thefirst blade 501 and thesecond hump 70 may be disposed at about 16.6% of an associated pitch. - While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention. Additionally, while various embodiments of the invention have been described, it is to be understood that aspects of the invention may include only some of the described embodiments. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.
- Various aspects and embodiments of the present invention are defined by the following numbered clauses:
- 1. A turbomachine, comprising:
- a compressor to compress inlet gas to produce compressed inlet gas;
- a combustor to combust the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce a fluid flow; and
- a turbine fluidly coupled to the combustor, the turbine including:
- first and second endwalls defining an annular pathway through which the fluid flow is directable, the first endwalls being disposed within the second endwall,
- an axial stage of aerodynamic elements disposed to extend through the pathway between the first and second endwalls and to thereby aerodynamically interact with the fluid flow, and
- the first endwall exhibiting non-axisymetric contouring between adjacent aerodynamic elements with multiple humps proximate to a pressure side of one of the aerodynamic elements.
- 2. The turbomachine according to clause 1, wherein the multiple humps comprise a first hump proximate to a leading edge of the one of the aerodynamic elements and a second hump downstream from the first hump.
- 3. The turbomachine according to clause 1 or 2, wherein the multiple humps extend across a partial span of the pathway.
- 4. The turbomachine according to any of clauses 1 to 3, wherein the multiple humps have different shapes.
Claims (10)
- A turbine (14) of a turbomachine (10), comprising:first and second endwalls (20,30) disposed to define a pathway (40), each of the first and second endwalls (20,30) including a surface (21,31) facing the pathway (40); andat least first and second blades (50) extendible across the pathway (40) 'from at least one of the first and second endwalls (20,30), each of the first and second blades (50) having an airfoil shape (51) and being disposed such (513) that a pressure side of the first blade (501) faces a suction side (514) of the second blade (502),a portion of the surface (21,31) of at least one of the first and second endwalls (20,30) between the first and second blades (50) having at least:a first hump (60) proximate to a leading edge (511) and the pressure side (513) of the first blade (501), anda second hump (70) disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of the first blade (501) and proximate to the pressure side (513) thereof.
- The turbine according to claim 1, wherein the at least first and second blades (50) are axially aligned within the pathway (40).
- The turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first hump (60) has a height from the surface (21,31) of the at least one of the first and second endwalls (20,30) of about 6.7% of a span of the first blade (501).
- The turbine according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first hump (60) is disposed at 0-10% of the chord length of the first blade (501).
- The turbine according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first hump (60) is disposed at 0-10% of an associated pitch.
- The turbine according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second hump (70) has a height from the surface (21,31) of the at least one of the first and second endwalls (20,30) of about 5.9% of a span of the first blade (501).
- The turbine according to any preceding claim, wherein the second hump (70) is disposed at about 42% of the chord length of the first blade.
- The turbine according to any preceding claim, wherein the second hump (70) is disposed at about 16.6% of an associated pitch.
- The turbine of any preceding claim, further comprising:an annular array of blades (50) extendible across the pathway from at least one of the first and second endwalls (20,30); anda second hump disposed at 10-60% of a chord length of the one of the blades and proximate to the pressure side thereof.
- A turbomachine (10), comprising:a compressor (12) to compress inlet gas to produce compressed inlet gas;a combustor (13) to combust the compressed inlet gas along with fuel to produce a fluid flow; andthe turbine (14) as recited in any of claims 1 to 9, fluidly coupled to the combustor (13).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/284,112 US8992179B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2011-10-28 | Turbine of a turbomachine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2586976A2 true EP2586976A2 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
EP2586976A3 EP2586976A3 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
EP2586976B1 EP2586976B1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
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ID=47073343
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12189828.2A Active EP2586976B1 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2012-10-24 | Turbine for a turbomachine |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US8992179B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2586976B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103089319B (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8992179B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
CN103089319B (en) | 2016-12-07 |
EP2586976A3 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
CN103089319A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
EP2586976B1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
US20130108424A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
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