EP2586698B1 - Submarine - Google Patents
Submarine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2586698B1 EP2586698B1 EP12187805.2A EP12187805A EP2586698B1 EP 2586698 B1 EP2586698 B1 EP 2586698B1 EP 12187805 A EP12187805 A EP 12187805A EP 2586698 B1 EP2586698 B1 EP 2586698B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- submarine
- gas
- air
- closed space
- noxious gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/36—Adaptations of ventilation, e.g. schnorkels, cooling, heating, or air-conditioning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/08—Propulsion
Definitions
- the invention relates to a submarine with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention has the object to provide a submarine, which ensures that harmful gas, which is used by a arranged in the pressure hull of the submarine device or generated, can not get into the outside environment of these devices in an inadmissible amount.
- the submarine according to the invention has a pressure body in the usual way. At least one device which uses and / or generates a noxious gas is arranged in the pressure body. Under a noxious gas is to be understood as such a gas, which leads to a danger to the crew of the submarine from a certain concentration in the atmosphere of the pressure hull.
- the devices which use and / or generate noxious gas are arranged in a closed space within the submarine, wherein means for noxious gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption are arranged in this closed space.
- the aim of this measure is technologically simple and therefore cost-effective escape from these devices harmful gas in the closed space and within this space, in which it may be a device completely surrounding the housing or a closed department of the pressure hull, with the means for To convert harmful gas conversion into a harmless substance or with the means for To bind Schadgasadsorption in the closed space.
- a means of harmful gas conversion here are conveniently used chemical reactors in which, for example, takes place by oxidation, the harmful gas conversion.
- Means for Schadgasadsorption are such facilities in which the noxious gas is preferably bound to solids.
- a device of the submarine using and generating noxious gas may be a methanol reformer.
- D. h. It is advantageously provided to arrange the methanol reformer of a submarine in a closed space in which at least one oxidation reactor is arranged, in which the possibly exiting at the methanol reformer due to leaking harmful gases methanol, hydrogen and carbon monoxide in harmless carbon dioxide and water are converted.
- a device using noxious gas in the sense of the invention may be a fuel cell system of a submarine.
- the advantageous arrangement of the fuel cell system in a closed space with an oxidation reactor therein for converting hydrogen into harmless water prevents hydrogen from getting into the pressure vessel atmosphere of the submarine.
- the means for Schadgasumwandlung and / or Schadgasadsorption preferably part of a arranged in the closed space air circulation device.
- the air circulation device With the air circulation device, the air in the closed space is circulated within the room. This measure will First, it prevents harmful gas from accumulating within the confined space in certain places, such as low-lying areas of the room in larger quantities.
- the particular advantage of using an air circulation device in the closed space lies in the fact that the air sucked in by it in the closed space can be fed directly to the means for harmful gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption via a supply line, wherein any harmful gas contained in the air in the Means for harmful gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption is converted or bound before the air is returned to the closed space.
- any harmful gas contained in the air in the Means for harmful gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption is converted or bound before the air is returned to the closed space.
- means for gas analysis are arranged in the closed space. These means for gas analysis serve to detect the presence of noxious gases outside of a noxious gas using and / or generating device in the closed space and preferably also to determine the concentration of the noxious gas in the closed space.
- the means for gas analysis are connected to a control device which can cause an alarm when detected harmful gas and can adjust the air flow through the air circulation device by appropriate control of a gas conveyor of the air circulation device to the ruling in the closed space noxious gas concentration.
- the air circulation device may also have at least one air cooler.
- This embodiment is typically of particular advantage when the device using and / or generating the noxious gas is a heat-generating device Device, such as a fuel cell system or a methanol reformer is.
- the air warmed by these devices in the closed space is permanently cooled down by the air cooler. In this respect, it is not necessary to use in the enclosed space such system components, which are designed especially for the otherwise, ie without cooling the air prevailing temperatures there.
- the walls surrounding the closed space are intended to prevent a noxious gas in the space from entering the outside environment of that space. Due to the conversion and / or binding of noxious gas within the closed space, in particular in connection with the use of an air circulation device, it is not necessary to form the closed space in which the noxious gas using and / or generating device is completely closed in a gastight manner the air in the closed space already before it can escape from the room in the pressure vessel atmosphere, in the room is freed from the harmful gas so that at most uncritical amounts of harmful gas can escape from the closed space.
- the use of pressure equalization openings in the closed space is advantageously possible, which is provided according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention. With these pressure equalization openings, pressure compensation may take place in the closed space if pressure differences between the pressure-body atmosphere and the atmosphere occur.
- a plurality of noxious gas using and / or generating devices are arranged in a submarine, they can be accommodated separately from each other in each case in a separate closed space with the features described above.
- a submarine having a fuel cell plant and a methanol reformer it is possible to arrange the fuel cell plant and the methanol reformer together in a closed space as described above.
- Submarine 2 shown schematically has a pressure body 4.
- a pressure body 4 In the pressure body 4 is a noxious gas using and / or generating device 6 z.
- an air circulation device 10 is also arranged in the space 8.
- the air circulation device 10 has a line 12, on which a plurality of air intake 14 are formed. At one end of the line 12 goes into a wiring harness 16 and at the other end in a wiring harness 18 via. The strands 16 and 18 open in the interior of the space eighth
- a gas pump 20 is arranged in each case.
- an air cooler 22 is arranged in the two line strands 16 and 18, respectively. Downstream of the air cooler 22 follows in each of the line strands 16 and 18, an oxidation reactor 24 as a means for harmful gas conversion.
- adsorption devices could also be arranged here as agents for the adsorption of harmful gases.
- two gas sensors 30 and 32 are arranged in the interior of the space 8 as means for gas analysis.
- the gas sensors 30 and 32 are used to detect a pollutant gas used or generated by the device 6 in the interior of the space 8 and to determine the harmful gas concentration there.
- the gas sensors 30 and 32 are signal-connected to a control device 34, which causes an alarm in the detection of noxious gas.
- the control device 34 also serves to control the two gas delivery pumps 20. Therefore, the control device 34 is signal-connected with the two gas delivery pumps 20 via corresponding line connections.
- pressure outlet openings 36 and 38 are formed on the outer wall bounding the space 8.
- the operation of the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is as follows: In the closed space 8, the air therein is continuously circulated by means of the air circulation device 10, wherein the air sucked by the two gas pump 20 via the air intake 14 and conveyed to the air outlets 26. In this case, the air flowing through the line strands 16 and 18 in the two air coolers 22 is cooled.
- the delivery rate of the air circulation device 10 can be increased by appropriate control of the gas delivery pumps 20 by the control device 34.
- the gas delivery pumps 20 suck the charged with the noxious gas air in the air circulation device 10 before it can escape from the room 8.
- the gas feed pumps 20 convey the noxious gas to the oxidation reactors 24 located in the line strands 16 and 18.
- the noxious gas contained in the supplied air stream is converted by appropriate oxidation processes into harmless substances. These substances, together with the purified air, are introduced again via the air outlets 26 and 28 into the interior of the space 8.
- the exemplary embodiment described above is only to be understood as a matter of principle, ie it is also possible for a plurality of pollutant-using and / or generating devices to be arranged in the space 8 at the same time.
- the gas sensors and the number of oxidation reactors or adsorption devices is not generally set to two but can be adapted to the specific situation.
- a plurality of closed spaces 8 may be provided, each with arranged therein noxious gas generating and / or using devices.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Unterseeboot mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a submarine with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
Es sind Unterseeboote mit einer Brennstoffzellenanlage bekannt, die außenluftunabhängig elektrische Energie zum Antrieb des Unterseeboots und für die übrigen Aggregate des Unterseeboots bei getauchter Fahrt bereitstellt. Die bekannten Brennstoffzellenanlagen in Unterseebooten werden mit Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff betrieben. Bei diesen Brennstoffzellenanlagen muss verhindert werden, dass Wasserstoff bei Leckagen in die Außenumgebung der Brennstoffzellenanlage strömt, da dies ab einer gewissen Wasserstoffkonzentration in der Luft zu einem explosiven Gemisch in dem Druckkörper des Unterseeboots führt.There are known submarines with a fuel cell system, the outside air independently provides electrical energy for driving the submarine and for the other units of the submarine when submerged. The known fuel cell systems in submarines are operated with hydrogen and oxygen. In these fuel cell systems, hydrogen must be prevented from leaking into the external environment of the fuel cell system in the event of leaks, since, starting from a certain concentration of hydrogen in the air, this leads to an explosive mixture in the pressure hull of the submarine.
Des Weiteren ist es bekannt, in Unterseebooten mit einem Brennstoffzellenantrieb einen Methanol-Reformer zur Bereitstellung des für die Brennstoffzellenanlage erforderlichen Wasserstoffs zu verwenden. Auch hier muss verhindert werden, dass der von dem Methanol-Reformer erzeugte Wasserstoff bei einer Leckage in die Außenumgebung des Methanol-Reformers strömen kann. Ferner muss sichergestellt werden, dass das dem Methanol-Reformer zugeführte Methanol und das bei der Methanolreformierung ggf. entstehende Kohlenmonoxid bei Leckagen nicht in die Außenumgebung des Methanol-Reformers strömen können, da Methanol und Kohlenmonoxid toxisch sind und somit in der Druckkörperatmosphäre eine Gefahr für die Besatzung des Unterseeboots darstellen.Furthermore, it is known to use in submarines with a fuel cell drive, a methanol reformer to provide the hydrogen required for the fuel cell system. Here, too, it must be prevented that the hydrogen produced by the methanol reformer can flow in the event of leakage into the outside environment of the methanol reformer. It must also be ensured that the methanol fed to the methanol reformer and the carbon monoxide which may be formed in the methanol reforming can not flow into the external environment of the methanol reformer in the event of leaks since methanol and carbon monoxide are toxic and thus pose a risk to the pressure vessel atmosphere Represent crew of the submarine.
In
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Unterseeboot zu schaffen, bei dem sichergestellt ist, dass Schadgas, welches von einer in dem Druckkörper des Unterseeboots angeordneten Vorrichtung verwendet oder erzeugt wird, nicht in unzulässiger Menge in die Außenumgebung dieser Vorrichtungen gelangen kann.Against this background, the invention has the object to provide a submarine, which ensures that harmful gas, which is used by a arranged in the pressure hull of the submarine device or generated, can not get into the outside environment of these devices in an inadmissible amount.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Unterseeboot mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dieses Unterseeboots ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie der Zeichnung. Hierbei können die in den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung angegebenen Merkmale gemäß der Erfindung jeweils für sich, aber auch in Kombination die erfindungsgemäße Lösung gemäß Anspruch 1 weiter ausgestalten.This object is achieved by a submarine with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of this submarine result from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings. In this case, the features specified in the dependent claims and the description according to the invention in each case, but also in combination, the inventive solution according to claim 1 further develop.
Das erfindungsgemäße Unterseeboot weist in üblicher Weise einen Druckkörper auf. In dem Druckkörper ist mindestens eine Vorrichtung angeordnet, die ein Schadgas verwendet und/oder erzeugt. Unter einem Schadgas ist ein solches Gas zu verstehen, das ab einer bestimmten Konzentration in der Atmosphäre des Druckkörpers zu einer Gefährdung der Besatzung des Unterseeboots führt.The submarine according to the invention has a pressure body in the usual way. At least one device which uses and / or generates a noxious gas is arranged in the pressure body. Under a noxious gas is to be understood as such a gas, which leads to a danger to the crew of the submarine from a certain concentration in the atmosphere of the pressure hull.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Vorrichtungen, die Schadgas verwenden und/oder erzeugen in einem geschlossenen Raum innerhalb des Unterseeboots angeordnet sind, wobei in diesem geschlossenen Raum Mittel zur Schadgasumwandlung und/oder Schadgasadsorption angeordnet sind. Ziel dieser Maßnahme ist es, technologisch einfach und damit kostengünstig aus diesen Vorrichtungen austretendes Schadgas in dem geschlossenen Raum aufzufangen und innerhalb dieses Raums, bei dem es sich ein die Vorrichtung vollständig umgebendes Gehäuse oder um eine geschlossene Abteilung des Druckkörpers handeln kann, mit den Mitteln zur Schadgasumwandlung in einen unschädlichen Stoff umzuwandeln bzw. mit den Mitteln zur Schadgasadsorption in dem geschlossenen Raum zu binden. Als Mittel zur Schadgasumwandlung dienen hierbei zweckmäßigerweise chemische Reaktoren, in denen z.B. durch Oxidation die Schadgasumwandlung stattfindet. Mittel zur Schadgasadsorption sind solche Einrichtungen, in denen das Schadgas vorzugsweise an Festkörpern gebunden wird.According to the invention, it is provided that the devices which use and / or generate noxious gas are arranged in a closed space within the submarine, wherein means for noxious gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption are arranged in this closed space. The aim of this measure is technologically simple and therefore cost-effective escape from these devices harmful gas in the closed space and within this space, in which it may be a device completely surrounding the housing or a closed department of the pressure hull, with the means for To convert harmful gas conversion into a harmless substance or with the means for To bind Schadgasadsorption in the closed space. As a means of harmful gas conversion here are conveniently used chemical reactors in which, for example, takes place by oxidation, the harmful gas conversion. Means for Schadgasadsorption are such facilities in which the noxious gas is preferably bound to solids.
Bei einer Schadgas verwendenden und erzeugenden Vorrichtung des Unterseeboots kann es sich um einen Methanol-Reformer handeln. D. h., es ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, den Methanol-Reformer eines Unterseeboots in einem geschlossenen Raum anzuordnen, in dem zumindest ein Oxidationsreaktor angeordnet ist, in dem die eventuell an dem Methanol-Reformer aufgrund von Leckagen austretenden Schadgase Methanol, Wasserstoff und Kohlenmonoxid in unschädliches Kohlendioxid und Wasser umgewandelt werden.A device of the submarine using and generating noxious gas may be a methanol reformer. D. h., It is advantageously provided to arrange the methanol reformer of a submarine in a closed space in which at least one oxidation reactor is arranged, in which the possibly exiting at the methanol reformer due to leaking harmful gases methanol, hydrogen and carbon monoxide in harmless carbon dioxide and water are converted.
Des Weiteren kann eine Schadgas verwendende Vorrichtung im Sinne der Erfindung eine Brennstoffzellenanlage eines Unterseeboots sein. In diesem Fall verhindert die vorteilhafte Anordnung der Brennstoffzellenanlage in einem geschlossenen Raum mit einem darin befindlichen Oxidationsreaktor zur Umwandlung von Wasserstoff in ungefährliches Wasser, dass Wasserstoff in die Druckkörperatmosphäre des Unterseeboots gelangen kann.Furthermore, a device using noxious gas in the sense of the invention may be a fuel cell system of a submarine. In this case, the advantageous arrangement of the fuel cell system in a closed space with an oxidation reactor therein for converting hydrogen into harmless water prevents hydrogen from getting into the pressure vessel atmosphere of the submarine.
Um bei einer Leckage einer Schadgas verwendenden und/oder erzeugenden Vorrichtung in den geschlossenen Raum austretendes Schadgas gezielt den Mitteln zur Schadgasumwandlung und/oder Schadgasadsorption zuführen zu können, sind die Mittel zur Schadgasumwandlung und/oder Schadgasadsorption bevorzugt Teil einer in dem geschlossenen Raum angeordneten Luftzirkulationseinrichtung. Mit der Luftzirkulationseinrichtung wird die in dem geschlossenen Raum befindliche Luft innerhalb des Raums umgewälzt. Durch diese Maßnahme wird zunächst verhindert, dass sich Schadgas innerhalb des geschlossenen Raums an bestimmten Stellen wie beispielsweise tiefgelegenen Stellen des Raums in größeren Mengen sammeln kann. Der besondere Vorteil der Verwendung einer Luftzirkulationsvorrichtung in dem geschlossenen Raum liegt aber darin, dass die von ihr in dem geschlossenen Raum angesaugte Luft über eine Zufuhrleitung unmittelbar den Mitteln zur Schadgasumwandlung und/oder Schadgasadsorption zugeführt werden kann, wobei eventuell in der Luft enthaltendes Schadgas in den Mitteln zur Schadgasumwandlung und/oder Schadgasadsorption umgewandelt bzw. gebunden wird, bevor die Luft wieder in den geschlossenen Raum zurückgeleitet wird. Mit Hilfe der Luftzirkulationsanlage kann demnach eine fortwährende Reinigung der in dem geschlossenen Raum befindlichen Luft von Schadgasen vorgenommen werden.In order to be able to selectively supply the means for harmful gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption at a leakage of a noxious gas using and / or generating device in the closed space, the means for Schadgasumwandlung and / or Schadgasadsorption preferably part of a arranged in the closed space air circulation device. With the air circulation device, the air in the closed space is circulated within the room. This measure will First, it prevents harmful gas from accumulating within the confined space in certain places, such as low-lying areas of the room in larger quantities. The particular advantage of using an air circulation device in the closed space, however, lies in the fact that the air sucked in by it in the closed space can be fed directly to the means for harmful gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption via a supply line, wherein any harmful gas contained in the air in the Means for harmful gas conversion and / or Schadgasadsorption is converted or bound before the air is returned to the closed space. With the help of the air circulation system can therefore be made a continuous cleaning of the air in the enclosed space of harmful gases.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass in dem geschlossenen Raum auch Mittel zur Gasanalyse angeordnet sind. Diese Mittel zur Gasanalyse dienen dazu, das Vorhandensein von Schadgasen außerhalb einer Schadgas verwendenden und/oder erzeugenden Vorrichtung in dem geschlossenen Raum zu erkennen und vorzugsweise auch die Konzentration des Schadgases in dem geschlossenen Raum zu ermitteln. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Mittel zur Gasanalyse mit einer Steuerungsvorrichtung verbunden, die bei ermitteltem Schadgas einen Alarm veranlassen kann und den Luftstrom durch die Luftzirkulationseinrichtung durch entsprechende Ansteuerung einer Gasfördereinrichtung der Luftzirkulationseinrichtung an die in dem geschlossenen Raum herrschende Schadgaskonzentration anpassen kann.According to a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that means for gas analysis are arranged in the closed space. These means for gas analysis serve to detect the presence of noxious gases outside of a noxious gas using and / or generating device in the closed space and preferably also to determine the concentration of the noxious gas in the closed space. Appropriately, the means for gas analysis are connected to a control device which can cause an alarm when detected harmful gas and can adjust the air flow through the air circulation device by appropriate control of a gas conveyor of the air circulation device to the ruling in the closed space noxious gas concentration.
Weiter vorteilhaft kann die Luftzirkulationseinrichtung auch mindestens einen Luftkühler aufweisen. Diese Ausgestaltung ist typischerweise insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn es sich bei der Schadgas verwendenden und/oder erzeugenden Vorrichtung um eine wärmeerzeugende Vorrichtung, wie beispielsweise eine Brennstoffzellenanlage oder einen Methanol-Reformer handelt. Die von diesen Vorrichtungen in dem geschlossenen Raum erwärmte Luft wird von dem Luftkühler permanent herunter gekühlt. Insofern ist es nicht erforderlich, in dem geschlossenen Raum solche Anlagenkomponenten zu verwenden, die speziell für die ansonsten, d.h. ohne Kühlung der Luft dort herrschenden Temperaturen ausgelegt sind.Further advantageously, the air circulation device may also have at least one air cooler. This embodiment is typically of particular advantage when the device using and / or generating the noxious gas is a heat-generating device Device, such as a fuel cell system or a methanol reformer is. The air warmed by these devices in the closed space is permanently cooled down by the air cooler. In this respect, it is not necessary to use in the enclosed space such system components, which are designed especially for the otherwise, ie without cooling the air prevailing temperatures there.
Typischerweise sollen die den geschlossenen Raum umgebenden Wandungen ein in dem Raum befindliches Schadgas daran hindern, in die Außenumgebung dieses Raumes zu gelangen. Aufgrund der Umwandlung und/oder Bindung von Schadgas innerhalb des geschlossenen Raums insbesondere in Verbindung mit der Verwendung einer Luftzirkulationsvorrichtung ist es allerdings nicht erforderlich, den geschlossenen Raum, in dem sich die Schadgas verwendende und/oder erzeugende Vorrichtung befindet, vollständig gasdicht geschlossen auszubilden, da die in dem geschlossenen Raum befindliche Luft bereits bevor sie aus dem Raum in die Druckkörperatmosphäre austreten kann, in dem Raum derart von dem Schadgas befreit wird, dass allenfalls unkritische Mengen an Schadgas aus dem geschlossenen Raum austreten können. Insofern ist vorteilhafterweise auch die Verwendung von Druckausgleichsöffnungen an dem geschlossen Raum möglich, was gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen ist. Mit diesen Druckausgleichsöffnungen kann bei ggf. auftretenden Druckunterschieden zwischen der Druckkörperatmosphäre und der Atmosphäre in dem geschlossenen Raum eine Druckkompensation stattfinden.Typically, the walls surrounding the closed space are intended to prevent a noxious gas in the space from entering the outside environment of that space. Due to the conversion and / or binding of noxious gas within the closed space, in particular in connection with the use of an air circulation device, it is not necessary to form the closed space in which the noxious gas using and / or generating device is completely closed in a gastight manner the air in the closed space already before it can escape from the room in the pressure vessel atmosphere, in the room is freed from the harmful gas so that at most uncritical amounts of harmful gas can escape from the closed space. In this respect, the use of pressure equalization openings in the closed space is advantageously possible, which is provided according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention. With these pressure equalization openings, pressure compensation may take place in the closed space if pressure differences between the pressure-body atmosphere and the atmosphere occur.
Wenn in einem Unterseeboot mehrere Schadgas verwendende und/oder erzeugende Vorrichtungen angeordnet sind, können diese separat voneinander jeweils in einem eigenen geschlossenen Raum mit den oben beschriebenen Merkmalen untergebracht werden. Eine vorteilhafte, weil weniger aufwändige Alternative hierzu ist es allerdings, mehrere Schadgas erzeugende und/oder verwendende Vorrichtungen gemeinsam in einem geschlossenen Raum der vorab beschriebenen Art anzuordnen. Zum Beispiel ist es in diesem Zusammenhang möglich, bei einem Unterseeboot, das eine Brennstoffzellenanlage und einen Methanol-Reformer aufweist, die Brennstoffzellenanlage und den Methanol-Reformer gemeinsam in einem geschlossenen Raum wie oben beschrieben anzuordnen.If a plurality of noxious gas using and / or generating devices are arranged in a submarine, they can be accommodated separately from each other in each case in a separate closed space with the features described above. An advantageous, because less costly alternative to this, however, it is common to arrange a plurality of noxious-gas generating and / or using devices in a closed space of the type described above. For example, in this connection, in a submarine having a fuel cell plant and a methanol reformer, it is possible to arrange the fuel cell plant and the methanol reformer together in a closed space as described above.
Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- in einer stark vereinfachten Prinzipsskizze ein Unterseeboot und
- Fig. 2
- ebenfalls in einer stark vereinfachten Prinzipsskizze einen geschlossenen Raum des Unterseeboots nach
Fig. 1 mit einer darin angeordneten Schadgas verwendenden und/oder erzeugenden Vorrichtung.
- Fig. 1
- in a simplistic schematic sketch a submarine and
- Fig. 2
- also in a simplistic schematic sketch a closed space of the submarine
Fig. 1 with a device arranged therein using harmful gas and / or generating.
Das in
Die Luftzirkulationsvorrichtung 10 weist eine Leitung 12 auf, an der mehrere Luftansaugstutzen 14 ausgebildet sind. An einem Ende geht die Leitung 12 in einen Leitungsstrang 16 und an dem anderen Ende in einen Leitungsstrang 18 über. Die Leitungsstränge 16 und 18 münden offen in dem Inneren des Raums 8.The
In jedem der Leitungsstränge 16 und 18 ist jeweils eine Gasförderpumpe 20 angeordnet. Ausgangseitig der Gasförderpumpe 20 ist in den beiden Leitungssträngen 16 und 18 jeweils ein Luftkühler 22 angeordnet. Abströmseitig der Luftkühler 22 folgt in jedem der Leitungsstränge 16 und 18 ein Oxidationsreaktor 24 als Mittel zur Schadgasumwandlung. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass anstelle der Oxidationsreaktoren 24 hier auch Adsorbtionsvorrichtungen als Mittel zur Schadgasadsorption angeordnet sein könnten. Abströmseitig der Oxidationsreaktoren 24 münden die Leitungsstränge 16 und 18 in Luftauslässen 26 und 28.In each of the
Neben der Vorrichtung 6 und der Luftzirkulationseinrichtung 10 sind in dem Inneren des Raums 8 auch zwei Gassensoren 30 und 32 als Mittel zur Gasanalyse angeordnet. Die Gassensoren 30 und 32 dienen zur Detektion eines von der Vorrichtung 6 verwendeten oder erzeugten Schadgases in dem Inneren des Raums 8 und zur Ermittlung der Schadgaskonzentration dort. Die Gassensoren 30 und 32 sind mit einer Steuerungsvorrichtung 34 signalverbunden, die bei der Detektion von Schadgas einen Alarm veranlasst. Darüber hinaus dient die Steuerungsvorrichtung 34 auch zur Ansteuerung der beiden Gasförderpumpen 20. Daher ist die Steuerungsvorrichtung 34 auch mit den beiden Gasförderpumpen 20 über entsprechende Leitungsverbindungen signalverbunden.In addition to the
Zum Druckausgleich zwischen dem Inneren des Raums 8 und der Außenumgebung des Raums 8 in dem Druckkörper 4 sind an der den Raum 8 begrenzenden Aussenwandung 2 Druckauslassöffnungen 36 und 38 ausgebildet.For pressure equalization between the interior of the
Die Funktionsweise der Ausgestaltung nach
In dem geschlossenen Raum 8 wird die darin befindliche Luft fortwährend mittels der Luftzirkulationseinrichtung 10 umgewälzt, wobei die Luft von den beiden Gasförderpumpen 20 über die Luftansaugstutzen 14 angesaugt und zu den Luftauslässen 26 gefördert wird. Hierbei wird die durch die Leitungsstränge 16 und 18 strömende Luft in den beiden Luftkühlern 22 gekühlt.The operation of the embodiment according to
In the
Tritt an der Vorrichtung 6 aufgrund einer Leckage von der Vorrichtung 6 verwendetes und/oder erzeugtes Schadgas aus, wird dieses Schadgas von den Gassensoren 30 und 32 detektiert, woraufhin von der Steuerungsvorrichtung 34 ein entsprechender Alarm initiiert wird. Bei einer von den Gassensoren 30 und 32 detektierten erhöhten Gaskonzentration in der Luft im Inneren des Raums 8 kann die Förderleistung der Luftzirkulationseinrichtung 10 durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der Gasförderpumpen 20 durch die Steuerungsvorrichtung 34 erhöht werden. Die Gasförderpumpen 20 saugen die mit dem Schadgas belastete Luft in die Luftzirkulationsvorrichtung 10 an, bevor sie aus dem Raum 8 austreten kann. In der Luftzirkulationseinrichtung 10 fördern die Gasförderpumpen 20 das Schadgas zu den in den Leitungssträngen 16 und 18 befindlichen Oxidationsreaktoren 24. Hier wird das in dem zugeführten Luftstrom enthaltende Schadgas durch entsprechende Oxidationsvorgänge in ungefährliche Stoffe umgewandelt. Diese Stoffe werden zusammen mit der gereinigten Luft wieder über die Luftauslässe 26 und 28 in das Innere des Raums 8 eingeleitet.Occurs at the
Das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel ist nur prinziphaft zu verstehen, d. h. es können gleichzeitig auch mehrere Schadstoff verwendende und/oder erzeugende Vorrichtungen in dem Raum 8 angeordnet sein. Darüber hinaus ist auch der Gassensoren und die Anzahl der Oxidationsreaktoren bzw. Adsorptionsvorrichtungen nicht generell auf zwei festgelegt sondern an die spezielle Situation anpassbar. Des Weiteren können in dem Unterseeboot 2 auch mehrere geschlossene Räume 8 mit jeweils darin angeordneten Schadgas erzeugenden und/oder verwendenden Vorrichtungen vorgesehen sein.The exemplary embodiment described above is only to be understood as a matter of principle, ie it is also possible for a plurality of pollutant-using and / or generating devices to be arranged in the
- 22
- - Unterseeboot- Submarine
- 44
- - Druckkörper- Pressure body
- 66
- - Vorrichtung- Contraption
- 88th
- - Raum- room
- 1010
- - Luftzirkulationseinrichtung- Air circulation device
- 1212
- - Leitung- Management
- 1414
- - Luftansaugstutzen- Air intake
- 1616
- - Leitungsstrang- wiring harness
- 1818
- - Leitungsstrang- wiring harness
- 2020
- - Gasförderpumpe- Gas pump
- 2222
- - Luftkühler- Air cooler
- 2424
- - Oxidationsreaktor- Oxidation reactor
- 2626
- - Luftauslass- Air outlet
- 2828
- - Luftauslass- Air outlet
- 3030
- - Gassensor- Gas sensor
- 3232
- - Gassensor- Gas sensor
- 3434
- - Steuerungsvorrichtung- Control device
- 3636
- - Druckausgleichöffnung- Pressure equalization opening
- 3838
- - Druckausgleichöffnung- Pressure equalization opening
Claims (8)
- Submarine (2) having a pressure hull (4) and having at least one device (6) which generates and/or uses a noxious gas, characterized in that the device (6) is arranged within the pressure hull (4) within a housing (8) which completely surrounds the device (6), wherein means for converting noxious gas and/or adsorbing noxious gas are arranged in the housing (8).
- Submarine (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the device (6) is a methanol reformer.
- Submarine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (6) is a fuel cell system.
- Submarine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for converting noxious gas and/or adsorbing noxious gas are part of an air-circulation unit (10) which is arranged in the closed space (8).
- Submarine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means for gas analysis are arranged in the closed space (8).
- Submarine (2) according to either of Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the air-circulation unit (10) comprises at least one air cooler (22).
- Submarine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closed space (8) comprises pressure-equalizing openings (36, 38) to its outer surroundings.
- Submarine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of devices (6) which generate and/or use noxious gas are jointly arranged in a closed space (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL12187805T PL2586698T3 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-09 | Submarine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011085529A DE102011085529B4 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | submarine |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2586698A2 EP2586698A2 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| EP2586698A3 EP2586698A3 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| EP2586698B1 true EP2586698B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
Family
ID=47008399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12187805.2A Active EP2586698B1 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-09 | Submarine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2586698B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101572255B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011085529B4 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2712558T3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2586698T3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR201902692T4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017202911A1 (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-23 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Reformer monitoring on board a submarine |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4961681B2 (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2012-06-27 | 富士電機株式会社 | Fuel cell power generator |
| DE102005019484B3 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-07-13 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh | Submersible boat with fuel cell installation and battery installation whose ventilation system also leads off gases produced by fuel cells |
| DE102008034928A1 (en) | 2008-07-26 | 2010-01-28 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Holding device for holding a rotor |
-
2011
- 2011-10-31 DE DE102011085529A patent/DE102011085529B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-10-09 PL PL12187805T patent/PL2586698T3/en unknown
- 2012-10-09 ES ES12187805T patent/ES2712558T3/en active Active
- 2012-10-09 TR TR2019/02692T patent/TR201902692T4/en unknown
- 2012-10-09 EP EP12187805.2A patent/EP2586698B1/en active Active
- 2012-10-16 KR KR1020120114543A patent/KR101572255B1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102011085529A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
| EP2586698A3 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| DE102011085529B4 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
| ES2712558T3 (en) | 2019-05-13 |
| KR20130047582A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| PL2586698T3 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
| KR101572255B1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
| TR201902692T4 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
| EP2586698A2 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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