EP2584148A1 - Film-cooled turbine blade for a turbomachine - Google Patents
Film-cooled turbine blade for a turbomachine Download PDFInfo
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- EP2584148A1 EP2584148A1 EP11186222.3A EP11186222A EP2584148A1 EP 2584148 A1 EP2584148 A1 EP 2584148A1 EP 11186222 A EP11186222 A EP 11186222A EP 2584148 A1 EP2584148 A1 EP 2584148A1
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- Prior art keywords
- turbine blade
- inlet
- edge portion
- edge
- wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/186—Film cooling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbine blade for a turbomachine, wherein the turbine blade is film-cooled.
- a turbomachine in particular a gas turbine, has a turbine, in which hot gas, which was previously compressed in a compressor and heated to a combustion chamber, is expanded to obtain work.
- the turbine is designed in axial construction, wherein the turbine is formed by a plurality of successively in the flow direction blade rings.
- the blade rings have circumferentially disposed blades and vanes, the blades being mounted on a rotor of the gas turbine and the vanes secured to the housing of the gas turbine.
- thermodynamic efficiency of the gas turbine is the higher, the higher the inlet temperature of the hot gas into the turbine.
- thermal load capacity of the turbine blades there are limits with regard to the thermal load capacity of the turbine blades.
- corresponding materials and material combinations are available for the turbine blades, which, however, according to the current state of the art, only allow an insufficient expansion of the potential for increasing the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine.
- it is known to cool the turbine blades during operation of the gas turbine whereby the turbine blade itself is exposed to a lower thermal load, as without the cooling due to the thermal load of the hot gas would be the case.
- the blades are cooled, for example, by means of film cooling.
- the blades are provided on their surface with a plurality of cooling air holes, via which the blade inner cooling air is transported to the surface of the turbine blades. After leaving the cooling air holes, the cooling air flows in the form of a film along the surface of the turbine blade, thus isolating the surface of the turbine blade from the hot gas. Furthermore, the film cools the turbine blade by convection and additionally acts as a barrier, so that transport of the hot gas to the surface of the turbine blade is prevented.
- the object of the invention is to provide a turbine blade for a turbomachine, which can be cooled with an effective film cooling.
- the turbine blade for a turbomachine has an outer wall defining an inner cavity of the turbine blade in which cooling fluid for cooling the turbine blade is provided, wherein in the outer wall at least one passageway is provided through which the cooling fluid from the inner cavity to the outside of the turbine blade for training a cooling film on the outside of the outer wall is inclined and which is inclined towards the trailing edge of the turbine blade and has a shape such that at predetermined operating flow conditions for the turbine blade as it flows through the cooling fluid through the passage so asymmetrical over the cross section of the passage channel velocity distribution of the cooling fluid flow itself shows that in the passageway a pair of counter-rotating vortices is formed, after its exit from the passageway the velocity vectors show the cooling fluid flow between the vortex centers towards the outer wall.
- the two whirl arms of the horseshoe vortex have the same sense of rotation as their each immediately adjacent arranged vortex of the pair of opposite vortex of the cooling fluid.
- both the horseshoe vortex and the pair of opposing vortices are attenuated.
- the pair of counter-rotating vortices are pressed with their counter-rotating turning inside towards the outer wall, whereby the pair of opposite vortices advantageously applies to the outside. Because the flow of cooling fluid between the vortex centers outside the passageway is directed towards the outer wall, there is an impact cooling effect on the outer wall in this region which is particularly effective for cooling the turbine blade.
- the amount of cooling fluid necessary for cooling the turbine bucket is reduced compared to a cooling fluid amount necessary to cool a conventional turbine bucket.
- the distance of the through-channels to one another in the turbine blade can be designed to be comparatively large, as a result of which fewer through-channels are required for the turbine blade according to the invention and the structural weakening of the turbine blade according to the invention through its through-channels is smaller.
- the edge portion of the inlet of the passage channel at its upstream side is formed so sharp-edged relative to the other edge portions of the inlet, that in the passage on its upstream side a separation region of the cooling fluid flow can be formed, resulting in the asymmetric velocity distribution of the cooling fluid flow.
- Preferred dimensions is at the edge portion of the inlet of the passage channel at the upstream side a detaching nose formed with a detaching edge such that this edge portion is formed by the detachment edge sharp-edged relative to the opposite edge portion of the inlet.
- the detachment nose preferably has an acute angle at its separation edge, as a result of which the detachment and therefore also the pair of opposing vertebrae can advantageously be formed particularly strongly.
- the detachment nose preferably projects with its detachment edge from the inside of the outer wall into the inner cavity. It is alternatively preferred that a recess is provided immediately adjacent or at a distance from the edge portion of the inlet of the passageway at its upstream side in the inside of the outer wall, whereby the detaching nose is formed as a projection of the outer wall. In this case, the detaching edge of the detaching nose is preferably aligned with the inside of the outer wall.
- the side facing away from the passage channel of the detaching nose is concave and extends edge-free from the detachment edge to the inside.
- the separation edge can be advantageously formed particularly sharp.
- a bead is formed such that this edge portion is formed blunt relative to the opposite edge portion of the inlet.
- the bead is preferably shaped convexly so that the cooling fluid flow can be flowed free of charge to the inlet of the through-channel on its downstream side.
- the edge portion of the inlet of the through-channel is formed on its downstream side in such a round shape that this edge portion is formed blunt relative to the opposite edge portion of the inlet.
- a possibly occurring separation region on the downstream side of the through-channel is advantageously avoidable.
- the shape of the turbine blade according to the invention is suitable for casting, which makes it possible for the turbine blade to be produced by a casting method without any further adjustments.
- the passageways are preferably by drilling, in particular laser drilling to produce, wherein the inventive shape of the inlet is preferably carried out by drilling from within the turbine blade.
- the drilling inside the turbine blade is particularly advantageous if the turbine blade is provided on the outside with a coating, in particular a ceramic coating.
- FIG. 1 shows a portion of an outer wall 2 of a turbine blade 1 of a turbomachine.
- the outer wall 2 defines an inner cavity 3 and has an outer side 8 and an inner side 9.
- a hot gas flow 13 occurs on the outside 8 with a hot gas main flow direction 14 which is substantially parallel to the outside 8 and which is directed from the leading edge to the trailing edge (not shown in the figure) of the turbine blade 1.
- a plurality of through channels 4 is introduced, which are inclined in the direction of flow directed from the inside out to the rear edge of the turbine blade 1 and with the outside 8 include an acute angle of inclination 10.
- the passage 4 in FIG. 1 has an inlet 11 facing the internal cavity 9 and an outlet 12 on the outside.
- the passage 4 is cylindrical and has an axis of symmetry 5.
- the through-channel 4 has an upstream side 16 relative to the hot-gas main flow direction 14 and a side 17 downstream of the hot-gas main flow direction 14.
- the inlet 11 of the through-channel 4 has an upstream edge section 18 on the upstream side 16 and a downstream edge section 19 on the downstream side 17.
- a cooling fluid 6, which flows into the through-channel 4 via the inlet 11 and flows out of the through-channel 4 via the outlet 12, is located in the inner hollow space 3. After leaving the through-channel 4, the cooling fluid 6 forms a cooling film 7 on the outside 8.
- FIG. 1 it can be seen, on the inside 9 of the outer wall 2, formed on the upstream edge portion 18 of the inlet 11, a detaching nose 25 with a detaching edge.
- the detachment nose 25 has a downstream detachment nose backside 27, which defines the passage 4 in the region of the inlet 11, and an upstream Ablösasenvorderseite 26, which extends to the inner side 9 of the outer wall 2.
- the detachment edge is formed by the detachment nose front 26 and the detachment nose back 27.
- a detachment nose 25 is provided for each of the through-channels 4. It is also conceivable that a plurality of passageways 4 is arranged in a row and the detachment nose is integrally formed and extends along the row.
- a bead 28 is arranged on the inside 9 of the outer wall 2 at the downstream edge portion 19 of the inlet 11.
- the bead inside 30 extending into the inner cavity 3 has a convex-shaped portion. It is conceivable that the convex-shaped region extends over the entire upstream bead front side 29 as far as the downstream edge section 19 and / or into the through-channel 4.
- the bead 28 may also have a rectangular cross-section with rounded on the inside of the bead 30 corners. It is conceivable that for each of the through-channels 4 each a bump-like bead 28 is provided.
- a plurality of passageways 4 is arranged in a row and the bead 28 extends along the row. It is also conceivable that the upstream edge portion 18 is rounded so that a detachment of this edge portion 18 is prevented.
- the downstream edge portion 19 is blunt such that the cooling fluid flow 15 abuts against this edge portion 19.
- the separating edge of the detaching nose (25) arranged at the upstream edge portion 18 is sharp enough so that the cooling fluid flow 15 can not follow this edge portion 18 so that a separation region 20 of the cooling fluid flow 15 forms in the passage 4 on the upstream side 16.
- a centric transverse flow 21 is induced in the passage 4, which is directed from the upstream side 16 to the downstream side 17.
- an opposite vortex pair 22 with two vortex centers 24 is produced in the passage 4, the velocity vectors between the two vortex centers 24 pointing to the downstream side 17 of the passage 4.
- the velocity vectors of the cooling fluid flow 15 of the counter-rotating vortical pair 22 are directed between the vortex centers 24 to the outer wall 2 toward the exit of the counter-rotating vortex pair 22 from the passage 4.
- the hot gas flow 13 flows around the counter-rotating vortex pair 22, whereby a horseshoe vortex 23 forms from the hot gas.
- the horseshoe vortex 23 has two swirl arms which are arranged on opposite sides of the opposite swirl pair 22. Each of the vortex arms is formed by a vortex, wherein the velocity vectors of the hot gas flow 13 are directed between the vortex centers 24 of the vortex arms on the outer wall 2.
- the swirl arms have the same sense of rotation as their each immediately adjacent arranged vortex of the opposite vortex pair 22, so that the horseshoe vortex 23 is attenuated and the transport of the hot gas is reduced to the outside 8 of the outer wall 2.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Turbinenschaufel für eine Strömungsmaschine, wobei die Turbinenschaufel filmgekühlt ist.The invention relates to a turbine blade for a turbomachine, wherein the turbine blade is film-cooled.
Eine Strömungsmaschine, insbesondere eine Gasturbine, weist eine Turbine auf, in der Heißgas, das zuvor in einem Verdichter verdichtet und einer Brennkammer erhitzt wurde, zur Arbeitsgewinnung entspannt wird. Für hohe Massenströme des Heißgases und somit für hohe Leistungsbereiche der Gasturbine ist die Turbine in Axialbauweise ausgeführt, wobei die Turbine von mehreren in Durchströmungsrichtung hintereinander liegenden Schaufelkränzen gebildet ist. Die Schaufelkränze weisen über den Umfang angeordnete Laufschaufeln und Leitschaufeln auf, wobei die Laufschaufeln auf einem Rotor der Gasturbine und die Leitschaufeln an dem Gehäuse der Gasturbine befestigt sind.A turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine, has a turbine, in which hot gas, which was previously compressed in a compressor and heated to a combustion chamber, is expanded to obtain work. For high mass flows of the hot gas and thus for high power ranges of the gas turbine, the turbine is designed in axial construction, wherein the turbine is formed by a plurality of successively in the flow direction blade rings. The blade rings have circumferentially disposed blades and vanes, the blades being mounted on a rotor of the gas turbine and the vanes secured to the housing of the gas turbine.
Der thermodynamische Wirkungsgrad der Gasturbine ist umso höher, je höher die Eintrittstemperatur des Heißgases in die Turbine ist. Demgegenüber sind Grenzen gesetzt hinsichtlich der thermischen Belastbarkeit der Turbinenschaufeln. Somit ist es erstrebenswert Turbinenschaufeln zu schaffen, die trotz einer möglichst hohen thermischen Belastung eine für den Betrieb der Gasturbine ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit haben. Hierzu stehen für die Turbinenschaufeln entsprechende Werkstoffe und Werkstoffkombinationen zur Verfügung, die jedoch nach heutigem Stand der Technik nur eine unzureichende Ausreizung des Potentials zur Erhöhung des thermischen Wirkungsgrads der Gasturbine ermöglichen. Zur weiteren Erhöhung der zulässigen Turbineneintrittstemperatur ist es bekannt, die Turbinenschaufeln im Betrieb der Gasturbine zu kühlen, wodurch die Turbinenschaufel selbst einer geringeren thermischen Belastung ausgesetzt ist, wie es ohne der Kühlung aufgrund der thermischen Belastung durch das Heißgas der Fall wäre.The thermodynamic efficiency of the gas turbine is the higher, the higher the inlet temperature of the hot gas into the turbine. In contrast, there are limits with regard to the thermal load capacity of the turbine blades. Thus, it is desirable to provide turbine blades, which have sufficient mechanical strength despite the highest possible thermal load for the operation of the gas turbine. For this purpose, corresponding materials and material combinations are available for the turbine blades, which, however, according to the current state of the art, only allow an insufficient expansion of the potential for increasing the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine. To further increase the allowable turbine inlet temperature, it is known to cool the turbine blades during operation of the gas turbine, whereby the turbine blade itself is exposed to a lower thermal load, as without the cooling due to the thermal load of the hot gas would be the case.
Um die Temperatur der Turbinenschaufeln niedrig zu halten, sind die Schaufeln beispielsweise mittels einer Filmkühlung gekühlt. Dazu sind die Schaufeln an ihrer Oberfläche mit einer Mehrzahl von Kühlluftlöchern versehen, via die vom Schaufelinneren Kühlluft an die Oberfläche der Turbinenschaufeln transportiert wird. Nachdem die Kühlluft die Kühlluftlöcher verlassen hat, strömt sie in Form eines Films an der Oberfläche der Turbinenschaufel entlang und isoliert somit die Oberfläche der Turbinenschaufel von dem Heißgas. Ferner kühlt der Film die Turbinenschaufel durch Konvektion und wirkt zusätzlich als Barriere, so dass ein Transport des Heißgases an die Oberfläche der Turbinenschaufel unterbunden ist.To keep the temperature of the turbine blades low, the blades are cooled, for example, by means of film cooling. For this purpose, the blades are provided on their surface with a plurality of cooling air holes, via which the blade inner cooling air is transported to the surface of the turbine blades. After leaving the cooling air holes, the cooling air flows in the form of a film along the surface of the turbine blade, thus isolating the surface of the turbine blade from the hot gas. Furthermore, the film cools the turbine blade by convection and additionally acts as a barrier, so that transport of the hot gas to the surface of the turbine blade is prevented.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Turbinenschaufel für eine Strömungsmaschine zu schaffen, die mit einer effektiven Filmkühlung kühlbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a turbine blade for a turbomachine, which can be cooled with an effective film cooling.
Die erfindungsgemäße Turbinenschaufel für eine Strömungsmaschine weist eine Außenwand auf, die einen Innenhohlraum der Turbinenschaufel begrenzt, in dem Kühlfluid zur Filmkühlung der Turbinenschaufel bereitstellbar ist, wobei in der Außenwand mindestens ein Durchgangskanal vorgesehen ist, durch den das Kühlfluid vom Innenhohlraum nach außerhalb der Turbinenschaufel zur Ausbildung eines Kühlfilms auf der Außenseite der Außenwand strömbar ist und der zur Hinterkante der Turbinenschaufel hin geneigt ist sowie eine derartige Gestalt hat, dass bei vorherbestimmten Betriebsströmungsrandbedingungen für die Turbinenschaufel beim Durchströmen des Kühlfluids durch den Durchgangskanal eine derartig über den Querschnitt des Durchgangskanals asymmetrische Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der Kühlfluidströmung sich ergibt, dass sich im Durchgangskanal ein Paar gegenläufiger Wirbel ausbildet, nach dessen Austreten aus dem Durchgangskanal die Geschwindigkeitsvektoren der Kühlfluidströmung zwischen den Wirbelzentren zur Außenwand hin zeigen.The turbine blade for a turbomachine according to the invention has an outer wall defining an inner cavity of the turbine blade in which cooling fluid for cooling the turbine blade is provided, wherein in the outer wall at least one passageway is provided through which the cooling fluid from the inner cavity to the outside of the turbine blade for training a cooling film on the outside of the outer wall is inclined and which is inclined towards the trailing edge of the turbine blade and has a shape such that at predetermined operating flow conditions for the turbine blade as it flows through the cooling fluid through the passage so asymmetrical over the cross section of the passage channel velocity distribution of the cooling fluid flow itself shows that in the passageway a pair of counter-rotating vortices is formed, after its exit from the passageway the velocity vectors show the cooling fluid flow between the vortex centers towards the outer wall.
Trifft Heißgas aus einer Brennkammer der Strömungsmaschine an der Außenseite der Turbinenschaufel auf einen Strahl des aus dem Durchgangskanal ausgetretenen Kühlfluids, so teilt sich die Strömung des Heißgases um den Strahl auf und es bildet sich ein Hufeisenwirbel mit zwei Wirbelarmen aus. Jeder der beiden Wirbelarme ist jeweils von einem Wirbel gebildet, wobei die Geschwindigkeitsvektoren des Heißgases an den beiden Innenseiten der Wirbelarme zur Außenwand hin zeigen. Dadurch wird das Heißgas in Richtung zur Außenseite der Turbinenschaufel transportiert.When hot gas from a combustion chamber of the turbomachine on the outside of the turbine blade hits a jet of the cooling fluid which has leaked out of the through-channel, the flow of hot gas around the jet is split and a horseshoe vortex with two vortex arms is formed. Each of the two swirl arms is in each case formed by a vortex, wherein the velocity vectors of the hot gas on the two inner sides of the swirl arms point towards the outer wall. As a result, the hot gas is transported toward the outside of the turbine blade.
Die beiden Wirbelarme des Hufeisenwirbels haben gleiche Drehsinne wie die ihr jeweils unmittelbar benachbart angeordneten Wirbel des Paars der gegenläufigen Wirbel des Kühlfluids. Somit werden sowohl der Hufeisenwirbel als auch das Paar der gegenläufigen Wirbel abgeschwächt. Durch das Abschwächen des Hufeisenwirbels ist der Transport von dem Heißgas zur Außenseite der Turbinenschaufel vermindert, wodurch die Filmkühlung vorteilhaft effektiv ist. Des Weiteren wird das Paar der gegenläufigen Wirbel mit ihren gegenläufigen Drehsinnen zur Außenwand hin gedrückt, wodurch sich das Paar der gegenläufigen Wirbel vorteilhaft an die Außenseite anlegt. Weil die Kühlfluidströmung zwischen den Wirbelzentren außerhalb des Durchgangskanals zur Außenwand hin gerichtet ist, ergibt sich in diesem Bereich ein Prallkühleffekt für die Außenwand, welcher vorteilhaft zur Kühlung der Turbinenschaufel besonders effektiv ist.The two whirl arms of the horseshoe vortex have the same sense of rotation as their each immediately adjacent arranged vortex of the pair of opposite vortex of the cooling fluid. Thus, both the horseshoe vortex and the pair of opposing vortices are attenuated. By weakening the horseshoe vortex, the transport from the hot gas to the outside of the turbine blade is reduced, whereby the film cooling is advantageously effective. Furthermore, the pair of counter-rotating vortices are pressed with their counter-rotating turning inside towards the outer wall, whereby the pair of opposite vortices advantageously applies to the outside. Because the flow of cooling fluid between the vortex centers outside the passageway is directed towards the outer wall, there is an impact cooling effect on the outer wall in this region which is particularly effective for cooling the turbine blade.
Hervorgerufen durch die Abschwächung des Hufeisenwirbels, den Prallkühleffekt und/oder der Anlegeneigung des gegenläufigen Wirbelpaars der Kühlfluidströmung ist die für die Kühlung der Turbinenschaufel notwendige Kühlfluidmenge vermindert verglichen mit einer Kühlfluidmenge, die notwendig ist eine herkömmliche Turbinenschaufel zu kühlen. Durch die Verringerung der Kühlfluidmenge ergibt sich außerdem vorteilhaft ein hoher Wirkungsgrad der Strömungsmaschine. Ferner kann der Abstand der Durchgangskanäle zueinander in der Turbinenschaufel vergleichsweise groß ausgelegt werden, wodurch insgesamt weniger Durchgangskanäle für die erfindungsgemäße Turbinenschaufel benötigt werden und die strukturelle Schwächung der erfindungsgemäßen Turbinenschaufel durch deren Durchgangskanäle geringer ist.Caused by the weakening of the horseshoe vortex, the baffle effect, and / or the inclination of the opposing vorticity pair of cooling fluid flow, the amount of cooling fluid necessary for cooling the turbine bucket is reduced compared to a cooling fluid amount necessary to cool a conventional turbine bucket. By reducing the amount of cooling fluid also results in a favorable high Efficiency of the turbomachine. Furthermore, the distance of the through-channels to one another in the turbine blade can be designed to be comparatively large, as a result of which fewer through-channels are required for the turbine blade according to the invention and the structural weakening of the turbine blade according to the invention through its through-channels is smaller.
Bevorzugt ist der Randabschnitt des Einlaufs des Durchgangskanals an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite derart scharfkantig relativ zu den anderen Randabschnitten des Einlaufs ausgebildet, dass im Durchgangskanal an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite ein Ablösegebiet der Kühlfluidströmung ausbildbar ist, wodurch sich die asymmetrische Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der Kühlfluidströmung ergibt. Bevorzugtermaßen ist am Randabschnitt des Einlaufs des Durchgangskanals an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite eine Ablösenase mit einer Ablösekante derart angeformt, dass dieser Randabschnitt durch die Ablösekante scharfkantig relativ zum gegenüber liegenden Randabschnitt des Einlaufs ausgebildet ist. Die Ablösenase hat an ihrer Ablösekante bevorzugt einen spitzen Winkel, wodurch die Ablösung und damit auch das Paar der gegenläufigen Wirbel vorteilhaft besonders stark ausbildbar sind.Preferably, the edge portion of the inlet of the passage channel at its upstream side is formed so sharp-edged relative to the other edge portions of the inlet, that in the passage on its upstream side a separation region of the cooling fluid flow can be formed, resulting in the asymmetric velocity distribution of the cooling fluid flow. Preferred dimensions is at the edge portion of the inlet of the passage channel at the upstream side a detaching nose formed with a detaching edge such that this edge portion is formed by the detachment edge sharp-edged relative to the opposite edge portion of the inlet. The detachment nose preferably has an acute angle at its separation edge, as a result of which the detachment and therefore also the pair of opposing vertebrae can advantageously be formed particularly strongly.
Die Ablösenase steht bevorzugt mit ihrer Ablösekante von der Innenseite der Außenwand in den Innenhohlraum vor. Es ist alternativ bevorzugt, dass in der Innenseite der Außenwand eine Aussparung unmittelbar benachbart oder im Abstand zum Randabschnitt des Einlaufs des Durchgangskanals an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite vorgesehen ist, wodurch die Ablösenase als ein Überstand der Außenwand gebildet ist. Dabei ist die Ablösekante der Ablösenase bevorzugt mit der Innenseite der Außenwand fluchtend angeordnet.The detachment nose preferably projects with its detachment edge from the inside of the outer wall into the inner cavity. It is alternatively preferred that a recess is provided immediately adjacent or at a distance from the edge portion of the inlet of the passageway at its upstream side in the inside of the outer wall, whereby the detaching nose is formed as a projection of the outer wall. In this case, the detaching edge of the detaching nose is preferably aligned with the inside of the outer wall.
Bevorzugtermaßen ist die dem Durchgangskanal abgewandte Seite der Ablösenase konkav geformt und erstreckt sich kantenfrei von der Ablösekante zur Innenseite hin. Durch die konkave Form kann die Ablösekante vorteilhaft besonders spitz ausgebildet werden.Preferred dimensions, the side facing away from the passage channel of the detaching nose is concave and extends edge-free from the detachment edge to the inside. Through the concave Shape, the separation edge can be advantageously formed particularly sharp.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass am Randabschnitt des Einlaufs des Durchgangskanals an dessen stromab liegenden Seite eine Wulst derart angeformt ist, dass dieser Randabschnitt stumpf relativ zum gegenüberliegenden Randabschnitt des Einlaufs ausgebildet ist. Die Wulst ist bevorzugt derart konvex geformt, dass die Kühlfluidströmung ablösefrei zum Einlauf des Durchgangskanals an dessen stromab liegenden Seite hin strömbar ist.It is preferred that at the edge portion of the inlet of the passage channel at the downstream side of a bead is formed such that this edge portion is formed blunt relative to the opposite edge portion of the inlet. The bead is preferably shaped convexly so that the cooling fluid flow can be flowed free of charge to the inlet of the through-channel on its downstream side.
Bevorzugtermaßen ist der Randabschnitt des Einlaufs des Durchgangskanals an dessen stromab liegenden Seite derart rund geformt, dass dieser Randabschnitt stumpf relativ zum gegenüberliegenden Randabschnitt des Einlaufs ausgebildet ist. Dadurch ist vorteilhaft ein eventuell sonst auftretendes Ablösegebiet an der stromab liegenden Seite des Durchgangskanals vermeidbar.Preferably, the edge portion of the inlet of the through-channel is formed on its downstream side in such a round shape that this edge portion is formed blunt relative to the opposite edge portion of the inlet. As a result, a possibly occurring separation region on the downstream side of the through-channel is advantageously avoidable.
Die erfindungsgemäße Form der Turbinenschaufel ist gießgerecht, wodurch es ermöglicht ist, dass ohne weitere Anpassungen die Turbinenschaufel durch ein Gießverfahren hergestellt werden kann. Die Durchgangskanäle sind bevorzugt durch Bohren, insbesondere Laserbohren, herzustellen, wobei die erfindungsgemäße Form des Einlaufs bevorzugt durch Bohren von innerhalb der Turbinenschaufel erfolgt. Das Bohren von innerhalb der Turbinenschaufel ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn die Turbinenschaufel außenseitig mit einer Beschichtung, insbesondere einer Keramikbeschichtung, versehen ist.The shape of the turbine blade according to the invention is suitable for casting, which makes it possible for the turbine blade to be produced by a casting method without any further adjustments. The passageways are preferably by drilling, in particular laser drilling to produce, wherein the inventive shape of the inlet is preferably carried out by drilling from within the turbine blade. The drilling inside the turbine blade is particularly advantageous if the turbine blade is provided on the outside with a coating, in particular a ceramic coating.
Im Folgenden wird die erfindungsgemäße Turbinenschaufel anhand der beigefügten schematischen Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:
- FIG 1
- einen Längsausschnitt einer Außenwand der Turbinenschaufel und
- FIG 2
- einen Querausschnitt der Außenwand der Turbinenschaufel.
- FIG. 1
- a longitudinal section of an outer wall of the turbine blade and
- FIG. 2
- a transverse section of the outer wall of the turbine blade.
Der Durchgangskanal 4 in
Wie es aus
Wie in
Im Folgenden werden die Strömungsverhältnisse an der Turbinenschaufel 1 anhand
Wie es aus
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch das bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen.Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
wobei in der Außenwand (2) mindestens ein Durchgangskanal (4) vorgesehen ist, durch den das Kühlfluid (6) vom Innenhohlraum (3) nach außerhalb der Turbinenschaufel (1) zur Ausbildung eines Kühlfilms (7) auf der Außenseite (8) der Außenwand (2) strömbar ist und der zur Hinterkante der Turbinenschaufel (1) hin geneigt ist sowie eine derartige Gestalt hat, dass bei vorherbestimmten Betriebsströmungsrandbedingungen für die Turbinenschaufel (1) beim Durchströmen des Kühlfluids (6) durch den Durchgangskanal (4) eine derartig über den Querschnitt des Durchgangskanals (4) asymmetrische Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der Kühlfluidströmung (15) sich ergibt, dass sich im Durchgangskanal (4) ein Paar gegenläufiger Wirbel (22) ausbildet, nach dessen Austreten aus dem Durchgangskanal (4) die Geschwindigkeitsvektoren der Kühlfluidströmung (15) zwischen den Wirbelzentren (24) zur Außenwand (2) hin zeigen.A turbine blade for a turbomachine having an outer wall (2) defining an inner cavity (3) of the turbine blade (1) in which cooling fluid (6) is provided for film cooling the turbine blade (1),
wherein in the outer wall (2) at least one passage channel (4) is provided, through which the cooling fluid (6) from the inner cavity (3) to the outside of the turbine blade (1) for forming a cooling film (7) on the outer side (8) of the outer wall (2) is flowable and which is inclined to the trailing edge of the turbine blade (1) and has such a shape that at predetermined operating flow boundary conditions for the turbine blade (1) when flowing through the cooling fluid (6) through the passageway (4) such on the Cross section of the passageway (4) asymmetric velocity distribution of the cooling fluid flow (15) results in the passage (4) forms a pair of counter - rotating vortices (22), after the exit from the passage (4) the velocity vectors of the cooling fluid flow (15) between the Show vortex centers (24) towards the outer wall (2).
wobei der Randabschnitt (18) des Einlaufs (11) des Durchgangskanals (4) an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite (16) derart scharfkantig relativ zu den anderen Randabschnitten des Einlaufs (11) ausgebildet ist, dass im Durchgangskanal (4) an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite (16) ein Ablösegebiet (20) der Kühlfluidströmung (15) ausbildbar ist, wodurch sich die asymmetrische Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der Kühlfluidströmung (15) ergibt.Turbine blade according to claim 1,
wherein the edge portion (18) of the inlet (11) of the passage channel (4) on its upstream side (16) is formed so sharp-edged relative to the other edge portions of the inlet (11) that in the passageway (4) at its upstream side (16) a separation region (20) of the cooling fluid flow (15) can be formed, resulting in the asymmetric velocity distribution of the cooling fluid flow (15).
wobei am Randabschnitt (18) des Einlaufs (11) des Durchgangskanals (4) an dessen stromauf liegenden Seite (16) eine Ablösenase (25) mit einer Ablösekante derart angeformt ist, dass dieser Randabschnitt (18) durch die Ablösekante scharfkantig relativ zum gegenüber liegenden Randabschnitt (19) des Einlaufs (11) ausgebildet ist.Turbine blade according to claim 2,
wherein at the edge portion (18) of the inlet (11) of the passage channel (4) on the upstream side (16) a detaching nose (25) is integrally formed with a detaching edge such that this edge portion (18) by the detaching edge sharp-edged relative to the opposite Edge portion (19) of the inlet (11) is formed.
wobei die Ablösenase (25) an ihrer Ablösekante einen spitzen Winkel hat.Turbine blade according to claim 3,
wherein the detaching nose (25) has an acute angle at its separation edge.
wobei die Ablösenase (25) mit ihrer Ablösekante von der Innenseite (9) der Außenwand (2) in den Innenhohlraum (3) vorsteht.Turbine blade according to claim 3 or 4,
wherein the detaching nose (25) projects with its detaching edge from the inner side (9) of the outer wall (2) into the inner cavity (3).
wobei die Ablösekante der Ablösenase (25) mit der Innenseite (9) der Außenwand (2) fluchtend angeordnet ist.Turbine blade according to claim 6,
the detaching edge of the detaching nose (25) being aligned with the inside (9) of the outside wall (2).
wobei die Wulst (28) derart konvex geformt ist, dass die Kühlfluidströmung (15) ablösefrei zum Einlauf (11) des Durchgangskanals (4) an dessen stromab liegenden Seite (17) hin strömbar ist.Turbine blade according to claim 9,
wherein the bead (28) is formed convexly such that the cooling fluid flow (15) can be flowed freely to the inlet (11) of the through-channel (4) on its downstream side (17).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11186222.3A EP2584148A1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Film-cooled turbine blade for a turbomachine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP11186222.3A EP2584148A1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Film-cooled turbine blade for a turbomachine |
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EP2584148A1 true EP2584148A1 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP11186222.3A Withdrawn EP2584148A1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Film-cooled turbine blade for a turbomachine |
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EP2990606A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine blade |
EP2993304A1 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2016-03-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine component with film cooling hole |
EP3012407A1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Film hole with protruding flow accumulator |
EP3239462A1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-11-01 | General Electric Company | Airfoil for a turbine engine |
EP3375978A1 (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-19 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. | Film cooled turbine blade |
EP3543477A1 (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Hooded entrance to effusion holes |
FR3111661A1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-12-24 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Turbine blade with cooling system |
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EP2990606A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine blade |
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EP3543477A1 (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Hooded entrance to effusion holes |
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FR3111661A1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-12-24 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Turbine blade with cooling system |
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