EP2577986B1 - Loudspeaker - Google Patents

Loudspeaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2577986B1
EP2577986B1 EP20110723748 EP11723748A EP2577986B1 EP 2577986 B1 EP2577986 B1 EP 2577986B1 EP 20110723748 EP20110723748 EP 20110723748 EP 11723748 A EP11723748 A EP 11723748A EP 2577986 B1 EP2577986 B1 EP 2577986B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
membrane
loudspeaker
barriers
loudspeaker according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20110723748
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2577986A1 (en
Inventor
Philip Derek Eduard De Haan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcons Audio BV
Original Assignee
Alcons Audio BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcons Audio BV filed Critical Alcons Audio BV
Priority to PL11723748T priority Critical patent/PL2577986T3/pl
Priority to SI201130528T priority patent/SI2577986T1/sl
Publication of EP2577986A1 publication Critical patent/EP2577986A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2577986B1 publication Critical patent/EP2577986B1/en
Priority to CY20151100610T priority patent/CY1116501T1/el
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/30—Combinations of transducers with horns, e.g. with mechanical matching means, i.e. front-loaded horns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker comprising a housing and a membrane mounted in said housing, which membrane can be set vibrating so as to produce sound, said loudspeaker having at least one sound channel which extends between the membrane and the outer side of the housing.
  • loudspeakers are generally known.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a loudspeaker of the type described in the introduction, which has better mechanical and/or acoustic properties than the known loudspeakers.
  • one or more local sound barriers are to that end provided in the sound channel, which sound barriers locally block at least 15% of the cross-sectional area of the sound channel.
  • the sound barriers amplify the sound level in certain frequency ranges to a significant degree, which in turns leads to insignificant losses in other frequency ranges or even in inaudible frequency ranges.
  • WO 2008/099137 discloses a loudspeaker, comprising a housing and a membrane mounted in said housing, which membrane can be set vibrating so as to produce sound, said loudspeaker having at least one sound channel which extends between the membrane and the outer side of the housing, wherein one or more local sound barriers are provided in the sound channel.
  • the sound barriers locally block between 25% and 75%, more preferably between 35% and 65%, even more preferably between 40% and 60%, of the cross-sectional area of the sound channel.
  • the sound channel preferably has a width of 6 - 10 mm, more preferably of 7 - 9 mm, and preferably the sound barriers locally block on average at least 0.8 mm, more preferably 2 - 6 mm, even more preferably 2.8 - 5.2 mm, seen along the length of the gap, of the cross-sectional area of the sound channel.
  • the sound barriers preferably have a thickness of 0.5 - 10 mm, more preferably 1 - 8 mm, even more preferably 2 - 6 mm.
  • the sound barriers are preferably disposed at a location closer to the end of the sound channel, near the membrane, than to the other end of the sound channel, near the outer side of the housing, more preferably at a location at the end of the sound channel, near the membrane.
  • the sound channel is preferably gap-shaped, said one or more sound barriers being provided along substantially the entire length of the gap of the sound channel.
  • the sound channel preferably has substantially parallel walls.
  • the sound barriers are formed by one or more beams extending in the longitudinal direction of the gap. More preferably, the sound barriers are formed by one beam, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the gap, in the centre of the cross-section of the sound channel.
  • the sound barriers are preferably made of a non-magnetic material, more preferably of stainless steel, yellow brass, aluminium or copper, more preferably of copper.
  • the additional effect that is achieved in this manner is that the sound barriers contribute toward an efficient dissipation of heat. This effect occurs in particular if the sound barrier is disposed close to the membrane.
  • the membrane is preferably a flexible membrane mounted in a frame.
  • the loudspeaker comprises a magnet unit which generates a magnetic field, and the membrane is provided with an electrical conductor arranged in a pattern on the membrane, which membrane is placed in the magnetic field in such a manner that a force is exerted on the membrane when current passes through the conductor pattern, which force can set the membrane in motion.
  • the conductor pattern is provided in at least two spaced-apart vibration areas on the membrane, whilst the loudspeaker has at least two sound channels which extend between the two vibration areas and the outer side of the housing.
  • a loudspeaker comprises a housing which consists of two substantially identical metal parts 1, 2, which are mounted together by means of screws 3.
  • Each housing part 1, 2 has two elongate slot-shaped recesses or sound channels 4, 5, which conduct the sound generated in the loudspeaker to the outside.
  • a housing part 1 is provided with electrical connection points 6, 7, to which the sound signal wires of an amplifier can be connected.
  • the housing 1, 2 is provided with outwardly, longitudinally extending cooling fins 8 for dissipating the heat generated in the loudspeaker.
  • the housing part 1, 2 enclose a frame shown in figure 2 , which consists of a first frame-shaped frame member 9 and two strip-shaped frame members 10, 11.
  • the frame members 9, 10, 11 are preferably made of copper or anodized aluminium.
  • the exterior surface of the frame members 9, 10, 11 makes contact with the housing 1, 2 all over.
  • a flat vibration membrane 12 is affixed to the frame member 9 by means of a glue or by means of a thin, double-sided adhesive tape.
  • the glue or the tape is of a heat-conducting type.
  • an electrical conductor pattern 13 which is connected to the connection points 6, 7, and which sets the membrane vibrating when the amplifier sends an electrical signal to the loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker comprises magnets 13, as shown in figure 3 , which generate a permanent magnetic field in which the conductor pattern 14 of the membrane 12 is located.
  • the conductor pattern 14 is formed by an electrically conductive path which is provided in an elongate, rectangular spiral on one side of the membrane 12.
  • the frame members 10, 11 are provided directly on the conductor pattern.
  • the glue or the adhesive tape by means of which the frame members are affixed to the conductive wire must be electrically insulating, therefore.
  • said short sides of the pattern are likewise covered, by the short sides of the frame-shaped frame member 9.
  • the conductor pattern 14 can thus transfer heat to the frame members 9, 10, 11 on both sides in this case.
  • the two ends of the conductive wire are connected to conductor terminals 15, 16 on the frame member 10, which are in turn electrically connected to the connection points 6, 7.
  • the conductor terminals 15, 16 are electrically insulated from frame member 10.
  • the sound channels 4, 5 extend from the two spaced-apart vibration areas 17, 18 on the surface of the membrane 12 to the outer side of the housing parts 1, 2, which sound channels 4, 5 are closed on one side by a closing plate 27, however, because the loudspeaker must emit the sound to one side only.
  • the channels on the rear sides are filled with dampers 24, 25 of a synthetic foam, as shown in figure 5 , so as to absorb the sound emitted to the rear. Seen in a direction away from the membrane, the sound channels 4, 5 first extend perpendicularly to the membrane, viz. in the area between the magnets 13, and subsequently the sound channels 4, 5 incline towards each other.
  • Both the outer walls 19 and the inner walls 20 of each sound channel 4, 5 incline towards each other, with the parallel relationship between the inner wall 19 and the outer wall 20 of a sound channel 4, 5 remaining unchanged.
  • On the outer side of the loudspeaker only a very small spacing remains between the inner walls 19 of the two sound channels 4, 5, said spacing being at least several times smaller than the spacing between the vibration areas 17, 18. In this way the fronts of the sound waves generated by the two vibration areas 17, 18 are led towards each other and joined together, thereby preventing disadvantageous interference between the two wave fronts.
  • Figure 4 shows a sound horn 21 which is mounted in threaded holes 24 of the loudspeaker by means of screws 23.
  • the outer walls 19 of the sound channels 4, 5 join the walls 22 of the sound horn 21.
  • the sound horn 21 provides a gradual extension of the sound front that exits the sound channels 4, 5 before it extends further into the environment.
  • the horn which is made of a metal, also contributes toward the heat dissipation of the loudspeaker.
  • FIG. 5 shows a loudspeaker according to the invention, which is identical to the loudspeaker described above, with the following adaptation.
  • a copper beam 26 is placed between the membrane 12 and the outer side of the housing 2 in each of the channels 4, 5.
  • the beam 26 forms the sound barrier for the sound generated by the membrane 12.
  • the beam 26 extends along the entire length of the channels 4, 5. Seen in transverse direction, the beam 26 extends in the centre of the channels 4, 5, so that an identical gap-shaped opening is present on either side of the beam 26, through which the sound from the membrane can reach the channels 4, 5.
  • the width of the channels 4, 5 is 8 mm
  • the width (w) of the beam 26 is 4 mm, so that 50% of the cross-sectional area of the channels is blocked by the beam.
  • the thickness (t) of the beam 26 is 4 mm.
  • connection perforated plates or several beams provided in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction may be considered. It has been found that the embodiment shown here is the most effective embodiment.
  • amplification of the sound pressure will take place due to resonance. Said resonance occurs as a result of the resonation of the acoustic mass (MA) with the acoustic compliance (CA) of the air in front of the conductor pattern on the membrane.
  • the end correction of semicylindrical air masses extending on the front side and the rear side of the sound barriers must be taken into account upon determination of the sound mass (m) .
  • Figure 6 shows that if the blocking of the channel amounts to 10% (0.8 mm) (with a thickness (t) of 4 mm), an amplification of about 0.8 dB will take place in the range around 15 kHz. A maximum amplification takes place if the blocking amounts to about 50% (4 mm), in which case the amplification is more than 3 dB. The resonance decreases if the blocking amounts to more than 50%.
  • Figure 7 shows that if the blocking in the channel is relatively thin (0.8 mm in this example) (with a width (w) of 4 mm), this will result in an amplification of about 1 dB in the range around 15 kHz, with a maximum amplification taking place in the (inaudible) range above 20 kHz. In the case of a thickness of 4 mm, the amplification is more than 3 dB. Generally it can be said that the thicker the blocking, the lower the peak frequency with the maximum amplification. Increasing the thickness leads to attenuation of frequencies, with a high air speed (about 3 kHz in this example).

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
EP20110723748 2010-05-31 2011-05-27 Loudspeaker Active EP2577986B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11723748T PL2577986T3 (pl) 2010-05-31 2011-05-27 Głośnik
SI201130528T SI2577986T1 (sl) 2010-05-31 2011-05-27 Zvočnik
CY20151100610T CY1116501T1 (el) 2010-05-31 2015-07-13 Μεγαφωνο

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2004781A NL2004781C2 (nl) 2010-05-31 2010-05-31 Luidspreker.
PCT/NL2011/050373 WO2011152718A1 (en) 2010-05-31 2011-05-27 Loudspeaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2577986A1 EP2577986A1 (en) 2013-04-10
EP2577986B1 true EP2577986B1 (en) 2015-04-29

Family

ID=42771546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110723748 Active EP2577986B1 (en) 2010-05-31 2011-05-27 Loudspeaker

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US9100750B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP2577986B1 (pt)
KR (1) KR101866584B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN102918872B (pt)
CA (1) CA2801141C (pt)
CY (1) CY1116501T1 (pt)
DK (1) DK2577986T3 (pt)
EA (1) EA024089B1 (pt)
ES (1) ES2543065T3 (pt)
HU (1) HUE026783T2 (pt)
NL (1) NL2004781C2 (pt)
PL (1) PL2577986T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT2577986E (pt)
SI (1) SI2577986T1 (pt)
WO (1) WO2011152718A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014100012A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 The Regents Of The University Of California Electrostatic graphene speaker
US9843862B2 (en) 2015-08-05 2017-12-12 Infineon Technologies Ag System and method for a pumping speaker
NL2023714B1 (en) * 2019-08-27 2021-04-13 If Adamas B V Speaker-element and speaker comprising such a speaker-element
CN111800681B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2022-04-19 深圳易科声光科技股份有限公司 声音压缩导向装置

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1884724A (en) * 1923-06-19 1932-10-25 Western Electric Co Sound box for phonic diaphragms
US4012605A (en) * 1976-04-21 1977-03-15 Motorola, Inc. Input/output transducer with damping arrangement
US4776428A (en) * 1987-11-16 1988-10-11 Belisle Acoustique Inc. Sound projection system
US4933981A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-06-12 Lederer Wayne A Sound system
US5878147A (en) * 1996-12-31 1999-03-02 Etymotic Research, Inc. Directional microphone assembly
US7177437B1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2007-02-13 Duckworth Holding, Llc C/O Osc Audio Products, Inc. Multiple aperture diffraction device
US7146019B2 (en) 2002-09-05 2006-12-05 Igor Levitsky Planar ribbon electro-acoustic transducer with high SPL capability and adjustable dipole/monopole low frequency radiation
NL1022819C2 (nl) * 2003-03-03 2004-09-06 Alcons Audio Bv Luidspreker.
NL1022820C2 (nl) * 2003-03-03 2004-09-06 Alcons Audio Bv Luidspreker.
CN1826834B (zh) * 2003-08-07 2010-12-22 松下电器产业株式会社 扬声器音孔板
EP1814356B1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2010-03-24 Sonion MEMS A/S An elastomeric shield for miniature microphones
GB2446982B (en) * 2007-02-16 2009-04-29 Wolfson Microelectronics Plc Ear-worn speaker-carrying devices
NL2000499C2 (nl) * 2007-02-21 2008-08-22 Alcons Audio Bv Luidspreker.
US8111853B2 (en) * 2008-07-10 2012-02-07 Plantronics, Inc Dual mode earphone with acoustic equalization
US8139804B2 (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-03-20 Bose Corporation Electroacoustic transducing with a bridge phase plug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2577986A1 (en) 2013-04-10
US20130195305A1 (en) 2013-08-01
PT2577986E (pt) 2015-07-21
PL2577986T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
EA024089B1 (ru) 2016-08-31
US9100750B2 (en) 2015-08-04
ES2543065T3 (es) 2015-08-14
HUE026783T2 (en) 2016-07-28
WO2011152718A1 (en) 2011-12-08
CN102918872A (zh) 2013-02-06
CY1116501T1 (el) 2017-03-15
NL2004781C2 (nl) 2011-12-01
CA2801141A1 (en) 2011-12-08
DK2577986T3 (en) 2015-08-03
CA2801141C (en) 2019-09-10
EA201291325A1 (ru) 2013-06-28
SI2577986T1 (sl) 2015-07-31
KR101866584B1 (ko) 2018-06-11
CN102918872B (zh) 2016-03-09
KR20130111975A (ko) 2013-10-11

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