SYSTEM FOR BLASTING OBJECTS WITH A BLASTING HEAD AND BLASTING MEDIUM
DESCRIPTION The present invention refers to a system for blasting objects via a blasting head with a blasting medium containing a blasting fluid constituted by a mixture of a transport fluid and an abrasive material, which blasting fluid can be supplied to the blasting head via a first conduit connected to the blasting head and where air or any other gas or gas mixture, for brevity's sake called compressed air hereinafter, is supplied to the blasting head via a second conduit, in order to be combined there with the blasting fluid supplied to the blasting head, to form said blasting medium which, under the influence of the supply pressure and/or the air, is forcibly sprayed (or squirted) from the blasting head against the object to be blasted. In particular, the invention is related to a system as described in an earlier patent application of the same applicant, namely a system for blasting objects with a blasting medium consisting of a liquid, a substantially insoluble abrasive material and air, the blasting medium being sprayed by the spray nozzle against the object, collected by collecting means and conditioned by supply means in order to reuse.
Due to safety regulations, etc., it is important that, for example in case of emergency, the installation, in particular parts in the vicinity of operating staff, can be quickly shut down. A particular problem to be solved is that constantly, during shutting down the installation, so even in case of emergency etc., the installation must be prevented from clogging by the abrasive material (usually not soluble) that as a result of stopping the blasting fluid flow, then may settle within installation components and no longer or only with great difficulty can be brought back into operation. The present invention therefore includes the objective to provide means by which the normal operation of the installation in an emergency can be quickly stopped, thereby preventing the abrasive material to disable the installation.
In order to provide for a solution to the problems raised, according to the present invention, during operation preferably the blasting head is connected through the first and second conduit, to a supply unit controlled by a control element for fluid and air respectively, and is further provided with a switch, for example in the form of a dead man's handle or emergency button, on or near the blasting head, the switch being connected during operation to the control element of the supply unit, such that
- in a first state of the switch the supply pressure of the blasting fluid and/or the air has a value by which the blasting medium is forcibly sprayed from the blasting head against the object to be blasted, and
- in the second state of the switch the supply pressure of the blasting fluid and/or the air is changed such that the force and/or the speed of the blasting medium spraying from the blasting head is decreased, however, by applying such control by the control element over the supply unit, that in particular is prevented that the first conduit and/or the blasting head are blocked or obstructed by settlement of the abrasive material within the blasting fluid.
Several optional preferred embodiments are provided enabling that normal operation of the plant can be quickly stopped or paused in case of an emergency, by which disabling is preventing of the plant by sedimentation of the abrasive material. In all cases it is provided that on the one hand the pressure by which -by the pressure of the air supplied respectively the pressure of the blasting fluid- the blasting medium is pressed out of the blasting head, is rapidly reduced while on the other hand a fluid flow takes care for the abrasive material, either by washing away (option I) or by keeping the blasting fluid in flowing motion, as a result of which it doesn't settle (options 2.3 and 4).
Hereinafter four optional preferred embodiments are discussed by means of four figures.
Figure 1 schematically shows a first preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention;
Figure 2 schematically shows a second preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention;
Figure 3 schematically shows a third preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention;
Figure 4 schematically shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention;
All figures 1 to 4 show schematically part of a system for blasting objects (not shown) by means of a blasting head 1 with a blasting medium 2, that contains a blasting fluid, comprising a mixture of a transport fluid and an abrasive material, wherein the blasting fluid is supplied to the blasting head through a first conduit 3 connected to
the blasting head, and wherein the air is supplied to the blasting head through a second conduit 4, in order to combine it with the blasting fluid to the blasting head into the aforementioned blasting medium 2, which, under the influence of the supply pressure and/or the air, forcibly is sprayed from the blasting head against the object to be blasted. During operation the blasting head 1 is connected through the first conduit 3 and the second conduit 4 to a supply unit 6, controlled by a control element 5 for fluid and air respectively. There is also a switch 7 provided, for example in the form of a dead man's handle mounted upon the blasting head 1, the switch 7 is connected during operation (wired or wireless) to the control element 5 of the supply unit 6, such that in a first state of the switch 7 -in which the switch 7 is actuated by the operator of the blasting head 1- the supply pressure of the blasting fluid and/or the air has a value by which the blasting medium is forcibly sprayed from the blasting head against the object to be blasted. Once the dead man's handle is released, by which the switch will go to the second state, the supply pressure of the blasting fluid and/or the air is changed such, that the force and/or the speed of the blasting medium 2 spraying from the blasting head is (strongly) decreased, however, by applying such control by the control element 5 over the supply unit 6, that is prevented -in particular- that the first conduit 3 and/or the blasting head 1 are blocked or obstructed by settlement of the abrasive material in the blasting fluid.
Figure 1 shows schematically a first preferred embodiment of the invention in which the supply unit 6 is suitable, under the control of the control element 5, to supply the blasting head 1 through the first conduit 3 with either the blasting fluid or a washing fluid, in particular with rinsing fluid. In the first state of the switch 7, the supply unit 6 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the supply unit 6 supplies the blasting fluid to the first conduit 3. In the second state of the switch 7, the supply unit 6 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the supply unit 6 stops or reduces the supply of the blasting fluid to the conduit 3, and at least partially, substitutes by supplying washing fluid to the first conduit 3, so that the washing fluid washes away the abrasive material from the blasting fluid. The supply of air, washing fluid and blasting fluid respectively, controlled the control element 5, is performed by means of pumps 8, 9 and 10 respectively (which in practice, may be located within or outside the supply unit 6. By means of by the control element 5 controlling the control valves or valves 11, 12 and 13, for example electromagnetically or by servomotor operated, the control element 5 controls the air supply from the air pump 8, and likewise the
supply of the washing fluid and blasting fluid respectively of the washing fluid pump 9 and the blasting fluid pump 10 respectively. Optionally, the control element 5 is programmed such, that in the second state of the switch 7 the supply unit 6 also reduces or stops the air supply by shutting down or reducing in the second state of the switch 7 the air supply from the air pump 8 to the air conduit 3. This option, closing or reducing the (delivery) air supply by controlling the air valve 11 by the control element 5 in the second state of the switch 7, also applies to the following embodiments. Figures 2 and 3 show schematically the second respectively the third preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein, in both embodiments, in the first state of the switch 7, the supply unit 6 is controlled by the controller 5 such, that the supply unit 6 supplies the blasting fluid to the first conduit (the blasting fluid conduit 3) with normal operating pressure and speed. In the second state of the switch 7, the supply unit 6 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the supply unit 6 decreases the supply pressure and/or speed of the blasting fluid to the first conduit 3, so that the pressure of the blasting medium 1 spraying from the blasting head 1 is substantially reduced and also its speed decreases, however, the flow of blasting fluid through the blasting fluid conduit 3 and through the blasting head 1 is sufficient enough in order to keep the abrasive material in motion in the blasting fluid within the first conduit 3. In this variant, the control element 5 is programmed such, that by bringing the switch 7 into the second state the air supply from the air pump 8 through the air conduit 4 and the blasting head 1 respectively is reduced or completely stopped. Figure 2 shows schematically a second preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the supply unit 6 comprises a blasting fluid valve 13, controllable by the control element 5, the valve is positioned between the blasting fluid pump 10 and the first conduit 3, and wherein a bypass 14 is provided having a reduced passage width with respect to the passage width of the blasting fluid valve 13 in its open state. In the first state of the switch 7, the supply unit 6 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the blasting fluid valve 13 is open. In the second state of the switch 7, the supply unit 6 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the blasting unit valve 13 is closed. In this case, all blasting fluid is supplied by the bypass to the blasting fluid conduit 3, by which, due to the relatively high resistance of the bypass 14, the pressure and speed of the blasting fluid are significantly lower. However, the passage width of the bypass 14 is such, that the flow speed of the blasting fluid through the blasting fluid conduit 3 and the blasting head 1 is sufficient in order to keep the
abrasive material substantially in motion in the first conduit 3 and the blasting head 1 respectively.
Figure 3 shows schematically a third preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the supply unit 6 comprises or is connected to a variable power and/or speed blasting fluid pump 10 controllable by the control element 5. In the first condition of the switch 7, the blasting fluid pump 10 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the pump capacity is sufficient for normal blasting operation, as a result of which the blasting medium 2 sprays with normal force and speed from the blasting head 1. In the second state of the switch 7, the blasting fluid pump 10 is controlled by the control element 5 such, that the pump power is reduced to a level which keeps the abrasive material substantially in motion in the blasting fluid in the first conduit 3 and/or in the blasting head 1. Figure 4 shows schematically a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein in the second state of the switch 7 the supply unit 6 only stops or reduces the air supply from the air pump 8 to the air conduit 4. This option will only be used when a very significant part of the force and speed with which the blasting medium -which is formed by combining the blasting fluid and the (compressed) air in the blasting head 1, is sprayed from the blasting head, which derives its force and speed from the pressure of the air, supplied from the air pump 8 through the air conduit 4 to the blasting head 1, when, in other words, the air pressure and speed are relatively high compared to the pressure and speed of the supplied blasting fluid. After reaching the second state of the switch 7, when the air pressure is removed because the control element 5 closes the air valve 11, the pressure and speed of the blasting medium 1 will substantial fall back (because only maintained by the pressure of the blasting fluid pump 10), however to a level at which the abrasive material in the blasting fluid in the first conduit 3 and/or the blasting head 1 are substantially kept in motion. In all cases the pressure and speed of spraying from the blasting head 1 will substantially reduce when the switch 7 of the "dead man's handle" has reached his second state, however, either the abrasive material from the blasting fluid conduit 3 and the blasting head 1 is flushed (Figure 1) or either a reduced blasting fluid flow is maintained so that the abrasive material is kept in motion and does not settle (Figures 2 to 4). In all these cases the blasting may be quickly interrupted, but is prevented that the abrasive material settles, so that blasting then again can be continued
without any problems (switch 7 is then returned to its first state by pressing the "dead man's handle").