EP2561043A2 - Procédé intégré de traitement et de gazéification de charges bitumineuses en combustion en boucle chimique - Google Patents
Procédé intégré de traitement et de gazéification de charges bitumineuses en combustion en boucle chimiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP2561043A2 EP2561043A2 EP11721807A EP11721807A EP2561043A2 EP 2561043 A2 EP2561043 A2 EP 2561043A2 EP 11721807 A EP11721807 A EP 11721807A EP 11721807 A EP11721807 A EP 11721807A EP 2561043 A2 EP2561043 A2 EP 2561043A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- bitumen
- combustion
- fuel
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 30
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000036574 Behavioural and psychiatric symptoms of dementia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000943 NiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
- C10G1/047—Hot water or cold water extraction processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/26—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/38—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it
- B01J8/384—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only
- B01J8/388—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only externally, i.e. the particles leaving the vessel and subsequently re-entering it
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/80—Additives
- C10G2300/805—Water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/99008—Unmixed combustion, i.e. without direct mixing of oxygen gas and fuel, but using the oxygen from a metal oxide, e.g. FeO
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Definitions
- the fumes would consist only of C0 2 and water vapor which, cooled to below 100 ° C and free of condensed water, would consist of virtually pure C0 2 which can be sequestered.
- Chemical Looping Combustion has significant potential for energy efficiency and cost reduction. This process eliminates the energy penalty related to the separation of oxygen from the air. It is based on the oxygen transfer capacity of certain materials such as metal oxides.
- an air reactor is used to oxidize the oxygen carriers prepared as fine particles which are then transferred to a fuel reactor where they are reduced by combustion of the fuel.
- the chemical loop allows for a total combustion of the fuel and produce fumes containing mainly C0 2 while maximizing the energy produced.
- the oil sands are one of the largest hydrocarbon resources. However, these resources pose operational difficulties because of their high densities and viscosity, and generally have a API degree below 10 ° API. They are in the form of an organic component and a mineral component.
- the organic component is also called bitumen.
- the mineral component consists, for example, of sand, clay, metals or metal oxides.
- a bituminous sand has an organic component that represents about one-tenth of its mass, but this content can be highly variable.
- the separation mechanism corresponds to a flotation separation where the bitumen forms a foam by attaching to air bubbles, the sand settling at the bottom of the treatment reactor.
- Three flows are produced: a stream of solid comprising sand and less than 5% of the bitumen, a basic stream of water containing a few percent of the bitumen (about 5% by weight) and finally a foam in which we find almost all (fraction greater than 90% by weight) of the initial bitumen.
- the aqueous phase is treated with an organic solvent (gasoline type) to recover the bitumen and increase the recovery rate of the bitumen and bring it up to 95%.
- the separation process generally used consists of injecting pressurized steam into the geological formation containing the bituminous sand.
- the heat supplied by the steam fluidizes the organic component which will descend to the bottom of the formation by gravity and where it is recovered by dedicated underground pipes.
- the order of magnitude of natural gas consumption is 10 to 30 m 3 of natural gas burned per Athabasca barrel produced depending on whether the bitumen is recovered by surface mining or vapor assisted gravitation, respectively (Canadian Energy Research , CERI study No. 108 in "Overview of Canadian Oil Industry", 2004.). For a production of 100 000 barrels per day, the total consumption of natural gas is more than 300.10 6 m 3 per year.
- Chemical loopback combustion is an oxy-fuel combustion process in which a hydrocarbon oxidizes on contact with a solid oxygen carrier. Its operation is based on the reversible passage of this solid between two distinct oxidation states by gain or loss of oxygen atoms depending on the medium and the reaction conditions. To achieve this alternation, one possibility is to implement a circulating bed where the solid is transported from an oxidizing reaction medium to a reducing reaction medium.
- the Applicant has developed a process for treating fillers such as sands or oil shales comprising both a mineral component, such as sand or clay, and an organic component, such as a bitumen type hydrocarbon, the energy required. the operation of the process being provided preferentially by the combustion of this same organic component in a chemical combustion loop.
- This mode of energy production is particularly interesting in the context of the extraction of bituminous charges in the sense that it allows the exploitation of a local energy source and unrefined while allowing to limit the environmental impact by an easy capture of greenhouse gases and more particularly of C0 2 and by a potential saving of the water resources.
- the invention relates to the optimized integration of a Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) process suitable for the production of energy for the treatment of oil sands and optionally for the gasification of sands and / or shales. bituminous. It relates to a process for treating bituminous charges in which the energy necessary for the separation of the organic and inorganic fractions of said bituminous fillers in a treatment unit operating with hot water is supplied from a combustion loop. chemical.
- CLC Chemical Looping Combustion
- the subject of the invention is a process for treating bituminous fillers in which the energy necessary for the separation of the organic and inorganic fractions of said bituminous fillers in a treatment unit operating with hot water is provided from a loop of chemical combustion (CLC).
- CLC chemical combustion
- a typical oil sands composition is as follows (according to XIA and GREAVES, Trans IChemE, Part A, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2006, 84 (A9): 856-864):
- Viscosity at 15 ° C (mPa.s) 18,000 - 1,000,000 SARA composition (% wt)
- Chemical loop combustion involves contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock with a metal oxide at a high temperature.
- the metal oxide then gives up part of the oxygen it contains and which participates in the combustion of hydrocarbons.
- the fumes mainly contain carbon oxides, water and possibly hydrogen. Indeed, it is not necessary to put the air in contact with the hydrocarbon and the smoke is therefore mainly composed of combustion gases and possibly a dilution gas used for the transport and fluidization of the particles (by example of water vapor). It is thus possible to produce fumes that are predominantly nitrogen-free and contain high C0 2 contents (greater than 90% by volume), making it possible to envisage capture and then storage of C0 2 .
- the metal oxide that participated in the combustion is then transported to another reaction chamber where it is brought into contact with air to be reoxidized. If the particles returning from the combustion zone are free of fuel, the gases coming from this reaction zone are mostly free of CO 2 - which is then only present in trace amounts, for example at concentrations below 1 to 2% by volume - and consist essentially of oxygen-depleted air, following the oxidation of the metal particles.
- the charges that can be used for chemical loop combustion are generally hydrocarbons (natural gas, liquid petroleum feeds, petroleum residues, solid feedstocks such as coal or coke from coking processes, oil shales and preferentially sand bitumen or bitumen from oil sands processing).
- hydrocarbons natural gas, liquid petroleum feeds, petroleum residues, solid feedstocks such as coal or coke from coking processes, oil shales and preferentially sand bitumen or bitumen from oil sands processing.
- bituminous fillers their treatment in a chemical loop process makes it possible to treat them directly and to avoid any intermediate processing (s).
- heat (or energy) is recovered at different points of the loop, by exchanges with the solids or the gases circulating in the unit in order to be used for the separation of organic fractions and mineral bituminous charges.
- bitumen fraction "recycled" and used as fuel in the reduction reactor generally represents from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the bitumen produced, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight.
- the bituminous filler is introduced directly into the reduction reactor of the chemical loop.
- the bituminous filler is treated in a fluidized bed reactor to produce a synthesis gas, said filler being treated simultaneously or not with a fraction of the bitumen extracted from the treatment unit operating with hot water.
- the energy required for the operation of the fluidized bed is provided by the chemical loop, as well as that necessary for the operation of the treatment unit operating with hot water.
- bitumen extracted relative to the sand varies depending on the extraction sites, some of the bitumen produced can be added to the oil sand to adjust the bitumen / sand ratio in the gasification reactor.
- the electricity required for treating the oil sands can be produced by recovering the high temperature heat of the gaseous and solid process effluents, for example by using hot gas or steam turbines.
- the combustion of a hydrocarbon, here preferably bitumen, in a chemical loop combustion process is a type of oxycombustion, that is to say that the effluent Gaseous combustion is mainly composed of carbon dioxide and water, which after condensation of the latter becomes a flow rich in C0 2 able to be compressed and stored as part of a sequence capture and storage of C0 2 .
- the water that has been condensed can then be sent to the treatment of the bituminous load, thus saving the water resource.
- metal oxides in contact with the fuel. These metal oxides are generally contained in ore particles or in particles resulting from industrial treatments (residues of the iron and steel industry or mining industry, catalysts of the used chemical or refining industry). It is also possible to use synthetic materials such as, for example, alumina or silica-alumina supports on which metals which can be oxidized (nickel oxide for example) have been deposited.
- the metal oxides that can be used to carry out the chemical loop combustion are generally oxides of Fe, Ti, Ni, Cu, Mg, Mn, Co, V, used alone or as a mixture. These metals may be in the form of natural ores (such as ilmenite) or deposited on a synthetic support or spent catalyst. Preferably, these solids are packaged in the form of powder, Sauter diameter preferably between 30 and 500 microns, and grain density of between 1400 and 8000 kg / m3, preferably between 1400 and 5000 kg / m3.
- the quantity of oxygen theoretically available varies considerably and can reach high values close to 30%.
- the maximum oxygen capacity actually available generally does not exceed more than 20% of the oxygen present.
- the ability of these materials to yield oxygen thus does not exceed globally not more than a few percent by weight of the particles and varies considerably from one oxide to another, generally from 0.1 to 15%, and often from 0 to 15%. , 3 to 3% weight.
- the implementation in fluidized bed is therefore particularly advantageous for conducting combustion.
- the finely divided oxide particles circulate more easily in the combustion and oxidation reaction chambers, and between these enclosures, if the particles are given the properties of a fluid (fluidization).
- Chemical loop combustion is used to produce energy, in the form of steam or electricity, for example.
- the heat of combustion of the charge is similar to that encountered in conventional combustion. This corresponds to the sum of the heats of reduction and oxidation in the chemical loop.
- the distribution between the heats of reduction and oxidation strongly depends on the metal oxides used to drive the combustion by chemical loop. In some cases, exothermicity is distributed between oxidation and metal reduction. In other cases, the oxidation is highly exothermic and the reduction is endothermic. In all cases, the sum of the oxidation and reduction heats is equal to the heat of combustion of the fuel.
- the heat (or energy) necessary for the separation in the treatment unit operating with hot water is extracted by exchangers located inside, on the wall or in the appendix of the combustion and / or oxidation chambers, on the smoke lines, or on the metal oxide transfer lines.
- the process according to the invention allows the treatment, without preliminary treatment, of bituminous feeds with CO 2 capture, of recovering the water formed during the oxidation of the fuel at a temperature suitable for the treatment of oil sands and thus of use a lesser amount of water.
- Another advantage according to the invention is to recover a sufficient amount of energy at the chemical loop to ensure the separation of the organic fraction and the mineral fraction of bituminous fillers.
- Another advantage of the process according to the invention is to allow the production of a synthesis gas under pressure from sands and / or oil shale.
- An additional advantage of the process according to the invention is to facilitate the uptake of C0 2 .
- the invention also relates to the installation that makes it possible to implement the method described above, the latter comprising at least:
- a chemical loop containing an oxidation reaction zone, supplied with air referred to as the "air reactor”, in which the oxidation reaction of metal oxides takes place after their reduction in a reaction zone, referred to as “fuel oil reactor” in which the combustion of the charge takes place in the presence of a fuel and the oxygen present in said metal oxides;
- air reactor in which the oxidation reaction of metal oxides takes place after their reduction in a reaction zone
- fuel oil reactor in which the combustion of the charge takes place in the presence of a fuel and the oxygen present in said metal oxides
- - one or exchangers located inside, in wall or in appendix of the enclosures containing the combustion and / or oxidation zones of the chemical loop, on the flue gas lines or on the transfer lines of the metal oxides to produce a heat flow for heating a flow of water supplied by a pipe (8) into an exchange zone;
- the installation also comprises means between the different areas to control the circulation, sealing or separation particles-gas or between particles of different characteristics such as sand and metal oxides.
- These means may be, for example, L-shaped valves, siphons, separators.
- the plant further comprises a gasification reaction zone, called “gasification reactor” solid and / or liquid charges to produce a synthesis gas.
- reaction zones are contained in fluidized bed, bubbling or circulating bed reactors, fixed beds or arrangements of several of these elements operating in series or in parallel.
- the gasification reaction and the reduction reaction are carried out in the same reactor, in two distinct reaction zones.
- the reactions in the "air", "fuel” and gasification reactors take place at a temperature of between 700 ° C. and 1200 ° C., preferably between 750 and 950 ° C.
- the residence time of the metal oxides in the "fuel" reactor depends on the nature of the fuel and can be estimated generally between 30 seconds and 10 minutes, preferably between 1 and 10 minutes.
- the residence time of the metal oxides in the air reactor depends on the state of oxidation and / or reduction of these oxides and can be estimated generally between 10 seconds and 10 minutes, preferably between 20 seconds and 3 minutes.
- the residence time of the metal oxides in the gasification reactor depends on the nature of the fuel to be gasified and can be estimated generally between 1 and 20 minutes, preferably between 1, 5 minutes and 10 minutes.
- An oxygen carrier is characterized by its oxygen transport capacity, that is to say the amount of oxygen that this oxygen carrier can exchange reversibly with the reaction medium between its most oxidized state and the least oxidized one.
- X is defined as the fraction of the total oxygen transfer capacity remaining in the oxide and ⁇ as a fraction of the total oxygen transfer capacity.
- FIG. 1 represents the general principle of the invention
- FIG. 2 differs from FIG. 1 in that a condensation zone is present at the outlet of the reduction reactor;
- FIG. 3 corresponds to a diagram including a fluidized bed reactor
- FIG. 4 is a diagram in which heat is produced from fuel consisting of bituminous sand or crude oil shale introduced directly into the reduction reactor.
- a flow of metal oxides flows, via a pipe (4), from the oxidation reactor (or “air” reactor) (R1) supplied with air via a pipe (1) to the reduction reactor ( or “fuel” reactor) (R2) in which the combustion of the charge takes place by reduction of the MeO oxygen-carrying materials over a period generally ranging from 1 to 15 minutes.
- Metal oxides in output from the reduction reactor (R2) are partly in metallic form (MeOH -x) with 0 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.5, after reaction between the oxygen present in their structure and the fuel being fed into the reactor reduction (R2) by a line (6).
- the gaseous effluents produced by the oxidation of the fuel arriving in the reduction reactor (R2) consist almost exclusively of water and dioxide of carbon. They are evacuated via a pipe (5) on which heat can be supplied via a heat exchange zone (not shown).
- the metal oxides in reduced form circulate through a line (7) of the "oil" reactor (R2) to the oxidation reactor (R1) to be reoxidized in the most oxidized MeO form, with 0.8 ⁇ X ⁇ 1, and preferentially 0.95 ⁇ X ⁇ 1.
- the chemical loop may include a heat recovery zone on the circulating solid (not shown). Oxidation of the solid is carried out thanks to the air supplied by a pipe (1) and produces an effluent of depleted air discharged from the oxidation reactor (R1) via a pipe (2). The heat produced by the oxidation is recovered via the exchange zone (not shown).
- All of the heat recovered in the exchange zones is symbolized by the flow (10) and is then used for reheating a stream of water (8) to produce hot water in an exchange zone (E1).
- the hot water produced is sent via a pipe (11) to the oil sands processing unit (R3) supplied with bituminous sand by a line (13).
- R3 oil sands processing unit
- bituminous sand by a line (13).
- bitumen At the exit of the separation zone (or treatment unit) (R3), one of the products is bitumen and this is extracted by a pipe (12). Part of this bitumen is sent to (R2) through a pipe (6) as a fuel. The rest of the bitumen is extracted from the unit to be valorized.
- a mineral fraction (essentially sand and water) is also extracted via a pipe (13 ').
- the process of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that a condenser (E3) is present on the gaseous effluent (5) coming from the reduction reactor (R2).
- the gaseous effluent (5) rich in C0 2 is cooled in such a way that the gaseous effluent (15) is as rich as possible in C0 2 in order to be compressed for its possible transport and / or storage.
- the hot water recovered in the condenser (E3) is recovered and conveyed by a pipe (14) to the exchange zone (E1) to be mixed with the flow of water supplied by the pipe (8).
- This configuration makes it possible at the same time to answer a technical necessity of the catchment of C0 2 with a view to its sequestration and to recover water at a temperature adapted to the treatment of the oil sand and thus to use a lesser quantity of water.
- FIG. 3 presents a flow diagram for the production of pressurized synthesis gas, directly from a crude bituminous feedstock, ie whose mineral component (sand for example) has not been separated from its organic component (bitumen ), or alternatively from bitumen from zone (R3) or bitumen-bituminous mixture in the case where it is desired to adjust the mineral component / bitumen ratio.
- This configuration also allows the gasification of oil shale.
- the description of the figure is that of Figure 2 except for the flow (6) which corresponds to the fuel supply of the reduction reactor (R2).
- the fuel is either natural gas or a solid or liquid hydrocarbon or coal and is introduced through the pipe (18) or bitumen from the zone (R3).
- the gas stream rich in C0 2 and depleted in water (15) from the condenser (E3) is wholly or partly sent to a compressor (C1) via a pipe (16), the remaining stream (25) being optionally extracted from the unit to be packaged for transport and storage.
- the flow rich in C0 2 under pressure is directed by a pipe (17) to a reactor in a fluidized bed (R4), which allows the fluidization of the reactor bed (R4).
- the reactor (R4) is fed continuously with fuel for all or part by a supply of bituminous sand by the pipe (18), optionally supplemented with a bitumen input from the zone (R3) by a pipe (19).
- the elements for introducing the fuel under pressure are not shown.
- the bitumen is gasified to a mixture composed mainly of carbon monoxide and dihydrogen (or synthesis gas) is extracted from the reactor (R4) by a pipe (23). ).
- the supply of heat into the reactor (R4) is carried out by the reactants and may optionally be supplemented by a fraction (20) of the heat flow (10) so as to be placed under conditions favorable to the gasification of the feedstock.
- the mineral component of the oil sand, ie the sand, does not react and it is continuously extracted from the gasification reactor (R4) to produce a flow of hot sand (21).
- the heat of this hot sand may possibly be upgraded in an exchange zone - not shown - to supplement the heat supplied for example by the streams (10) and (20).
- FIG. 4 represents a method according to the invention in which heat is produced from fuel consisting of bituminous sand or crude oil shale introduced directly into the reduction reactor (R2).
- the oil sands or oil shale fuel is introduced via the line (6) into the reduction reactor (or "fuel” reactor) (R2) in which the combustion of the charge takes place by reduction of the material (or solid) MeO oxygen carrier.
- This is extracted from (R2) in reduced form (Me0 1-x ) by a pipe (7) and sent to a solid-solid separator (S1) in which the sand (or shale) is separated from the solid carrier.
- the solid oxygen carrier is in turn extracted from the separator (S1) by a pipe (7 ') and sent into the oxidation reactor (R1) to be reoxidized in its most oxidized MeO form.
- the hot sand is the heat transfer fluid for heating the water supplied via the pipe (8) and the cooled sand is extracted via the pipe (21).
- the example below (corresponding to the diagrams of FIGS. 1 and 2) implements the principle of operation of an asphalt sand treatment unit associated with a chemical bitumen combustion loop, the oxygen conveyor being the nickel oxide.
- the treated feedstock is an Athabasca bituminous filler.
- the goal is to produce 100,000 barrels per day of Athabasca. To do this, we consider that we need 2 barrels of water per barrel of Athabasca produced.
- the reduced materials are oxidized by air.
- the sand is separated from the bitumen by flotation using water at 85 ° C.
- the oxygen carrier chosen is nickel oxide, advantageously composed of 60% NiO and 40% NiAl 2 O 3 in its oxidized form.
- the oxygen transport capacity of the solid in question is 12.8% by weight. During the operation of the system, only 15% of this capacity is exploited. An oxygen transport capacity equivalent to 2% of the mass of solid is therefore deduced therefrom. This results in a solid carrier circulation of oxygen of 1, 1 t / s. This solid flow rate is technically achievable for a circulating fluidized bed device.
- the charge is oxidized during an endothermic reaction by the oxygen carrier.
- the power consumed in the "fuel" reactor is 1081 k.
- the solid is then rerouted in its minimal oxidation state (via line (7) in FIG. 1) from the "fuel” reactor to the "air” reactor in which it reacts to be reoxidized in its maximum oxidized state.
- the partially reduced oxygen carrier NiOi. x is reoxidized to NiO during an exothermic reaction producing 800 kWth.
- the surplus of the system is more than 9,8 MWth, for 1 t / h load.
- the use of a unit according to the invention allows the capture of 251 000 t / year of C0 2 emitted by the combustion of the bituminous filler. Moreover, it avoids the emission 198 000 t / year of C0 2 that would be issued if one would use natural gas without C0 2 capture to provide heat to the system.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1001751A FR2959239B1 (fr) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-04-23 | Procede integre de traitement et de gazeification de charges bitumineuses en combustion en boucle chimique |
| PCT/FR2011/000244 WO2011131867A2 (fr) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-21 | Procédé intégré de traitement et de gazéification de charges bitumineuses en combustion en boucle chimique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2561043A2 true EP2561043A2 (fr) | 2013-02-27 |
Family
ID=43067144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11721807A Withdrawn EP2561043A2 (fr) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-21 | Procédé intégré de traitement et de gazéification de charges bitumineuses en combustion en boucle chimique |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9109167B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2561043A2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2795957A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2959239B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011131867A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3018410B1 (fr) | 2014-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | Valli Zabban S.p.A. | Installation et procédé pour réduire des fumées de bitume |
| US9902615B2 (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2018-02-27 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Syngas production via cyclic reduction and oxidation of metal oxides |
| WO2017161460A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources | Système et procédé de combustion à lit fluidisé à gaz oxygéné assistée par porteur d'oxygène |
| US11549432B2 (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2023-01-10 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Integrated chemical looping combustion system and method for power generation and carbon dioxide capture |
| CN110437882B (zh) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-09-29 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种基于化学链的低阶煤和生物质分级利用装置及方法 |
| FR3105795B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-08-05 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Procede integre de conversion thermique d’une charge hydrocarbonee lourde et de combustion indirecte en boucle chimique d'oxydo-reduction |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4399314A (en) * | 1982-02-01 | 1983-08-16 | Texaco Development Corporation | Process for the production of fuels from tar sands |
| JP3315719B2 (ja) | 1992-06-03 | 2002-08-19 | 東京電力株式会社 | 化学ループ燃焼方式発電プラントシステム |
| FR2850156B1 (fr) | 2003-01-16 | 2005-12-30 | Alstom Switzerland Ltd | Installation de combustion avec recuperation de co2 |
| FR2887557B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-23 | 2012-11-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Enchainement integre de procedes d'extraction et de traitement d'un brut extra lourd ou bitumeux |
| CA2636325C (fr) * | 2006-01-12 | 2015-04-28 | The Ohio State University | Systemes et procedes de conversion de combustible |
| AR066538A1 (es) * | 2007-05-11 | 2009-08-26 | Plasco Energy Group Inc | "una instalacion integrada para la extraccion de productos combustibles utiles a partir de una fuente de petroleo no convencional y un proceso para producir productos combustibles" |
| FR2930733B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-30 | 2014-04-11 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Masse active d'oxydo-reduction et procede de combustion en boucle chimique. |
| FR2937648B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-11-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Enchainement integre de procedes d'extraction et de traitement d'un brut extra lourd ou bitumeux avec captage de co2 |
| US20110094226A1 (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-04-28 | Mchugh Lawrence F | Process and apparatus for high energy efficiency chemical looping combustion |
| AU2011296309B2 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2014-11-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method and system for capturing carbon dioxide and/or sulfur dioxide from gas stream |
-
2010
- 2010-04-23 FR FR1001751A patent/FR2959239B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-04-21 US US13/642,855 patent/US9109167B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-04-21 WO PCT/FR2011/000244 patent/WO2011131867A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-04-21 EP EP11721807A patent/EP2561043A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-04-21 CA CA2795957A patent/CA2795957A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2011131867A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9109167B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
| FR2959239B1 (fr) | 2016-12-23 |
| WO2011131867A3 (fr) | 2012-12-20 |
| US20130118076A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
| CA2795957A1 (fr) | 2011-10-27 |
| FR2959239A1 (fr) | 2011-10-28 |
| WO2011131867A2 (fr) | 2011-10-27 |
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