EP2559119A1 - Bougie d'allumage équipée de moyens de prévention des courts-circuits - Google Patents
Bougie d'allumage équipée de moyens de prévention des courts-circuitsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2559119A1 EP2559119A1 EP11730372A EP11730372A EP2559119A1 EP 2559119 A1 EP2559119 A1 EP 2559119A1 EP 11730372 A EP11730372 A EP 11730372A EP 11730372 A EP11730372 A EP 11730372A EP 2559119 A1 EP2559119 A1 EP 2559119A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- spark plug
- cavity
- plug according
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spark plug, radiofrequency plasma type (RF), for internal combustion engine.
- RF radiofrequency plasma type
- the candle of the invention is equipped with means making it possible to avoid short-circuit phenomena.
- Such a candle which is described, for example, in FR 2,878,086, FR 2,886,776, FR 2,888,421, FR 2 895 169 and FR 2 895 170, comprises:
- a central electrode formed in a second conductive material and extending along the main axis
- a body formed in an electrically insulating material, disposed between said base and said electrode, having an internal lateral face in contact with the electrode and beyond which an end portion of the electrode protrudes.
- This phenomenon is due to the fact that the outer face of the insulating body which is in contact with the gaseous fuel mixture and the flame, clogs with the combustion residues. In addition, a parasitic spark appears on the fouled external face between the central electrode and the peripheral mass pellet.
- the spurious spark can either consume only a portion of the available energy in the radio frequency (RF) supply, which nevertheless reduces the volume of the main spark, or cause a short circuit which blocks the emission of the main spark.
- RF radio frequency
- the origin of the problem lies in the profile of the junction between the outer face of the insulating body and the central electrode where the dielectric-metal-air media are in contact.
- the body has a central duct in which is housed the central electrode.
- the intensity of the electric field is enhanced in the local body-electrode junction zone where the threshold of ionization of the air proves to be largely exceeded.
- the inclined or curvilinear surface of the insulating body in the junction zone generates a tangential component of the field which favors the propagation of an ionization avalanche phenomenon.
- this phenomenon contributes to the initiation of a spurious surface spark maintained by the presence of a semiconductor layer of carbon bonded to the fouling of the outer face of the body.
- Radiofrequency candles of the prior art have only sought to reduce the fouling of the body.
- the present invention aims to solve the technical problem set out above by intervening on the origin of the problem, that is to say, by aiming at avoiding the strengthening of the electric field at the junction between the external face of the body. dielectric and the central electrode.
- spark plug whose dielectric body comprises at least one annular cavity of central axis, formed on its lateral face of contact with the electrode so as to locally modify the lines of the electrostatic field at the junction between the outer face of said body and the electrode.
- said cavity is provided with at least one metal lining element extending, at least partially, along the internal lateral face of the body in contact with the electrode and whose thermal expansion coefficient is similar. of that of the dielectric material of said body.
- said packing element is formed of a metal layer covering the inner wall of said cavity.
- said metallic lining element is made in one piece with the electrode.
- said body is made by sintering a ceramic composition around the electrode carrying said lining element.
- said electrode is made with the metal filling element by casting of metal in situ in said cavity.
- said metal lining element is soldered.
- said packing element is an alloy of one or more metals chosen from molybdenum, tungsten, invar and kovar.
- the junction between the outer face of the body and the electrode has a convex curvature whose radius is less than or equal to half the distance separating said face of said cavity.
- the wall of said cavity has a semi-elliptical profile whose half small axis is greater than or equal to three times the radius of curvature of the junction between the outer face of the body and the electrode and the half major axis is greater than or six times the radius.
- the spark plug of the invention makes it possible to protect the radiofrequency candles from fouling by acting on the very cause of the phenomenon.
- the invention is based on an attenuation of the field at the junction between the external face of the body and the electrode obtained by a modification of their internal interface in contact.
- Figure 1 shows a sectional side view of an embodiment of the candle of the invention in the ignition phase.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show enlarged and sectional detail views respectively of an RF candle according to the prior art and according to the invention with the field lines.
- FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show half-sectional detail views of three embodiments of the candle of the invention.
- the radiofrequency candle 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a coaxial structure comprising:
- a central electrode 4 formed in a second conductive material and extending along the central axis X and
- a body 3 formed in an electrically insulating material (dielectric), disposed between the base 2 and the electrode 4.
- the body 3 has an internal lateral face 3b of contact with a portion 4b of the electrode and beyond which a pointed end portion 4a of the electrode
- the electrode 4 is brought to a high RF voltage and is thus isolated by the body 3 of the base 2 which is, in turn, connected to the ground.
- the body 3 is generally made of a dielectric material such as a ceramic.
- the outer face 3a of the body 3 which is flat on most of its surface is exposed to the gaseous fuel mixture and the flame and is therefore likely to be fouled by a carbon deposit.
- Figure 2A shows a detail sectional view of a traditional RF spark plug.
- the junction of the outer face 3a of the dielectric body 3 with the electrode 4 has an inclined or chamfered profile or more generally, as in the embodiment shown, a curvilinear profile with a radius of curvature R of a hundred microns ( 0.1 mm).
- Such a profile delimits a restricted and confined empty space where a very intense electric field prevails (of the order of 3.10 7 V / m) favoring the appearance of an air ionization mechanism which is likely to propagate. along the curve and extend along the face 3a by creating a surface parasitic spark.
- This parasitic phenomenon is all the more likely that the face 3a is strongly exposed to the flame and is gradually covered with a carbon layer.
- the spark plug shown in FIG. 2B is modified, according to the invention, by the embodiment, on the body 3, of at least one annular cavity 30 of axis X.
- This cavity is formed on the internal lateral face 3b of the body 3 ensuring contact with the electrode 4.
- the function of the cavity 30 is to locally modify the lines of the electrostatic field and, in particular, at the junction between the external face 3a of the body 3 and the electrode 4 so as to avoid the increase of the electric field in this zone and to prevent the initiation of ionization.
- the junction between the outer face 3a of the body 3 and the electrode 4 here has a convex curvature whose radius R is less than or equal to half the distance (c) separating the face 3a of the cavity 30.
- the wall of the cavity 30 has a semi-elliptical profile whose half small axis (b) is greater than or equal to three times the radius of curvature R of the junction between the outer face 3a of the body 3 and the electrode 4 and the half major axis (a) is greater than or equal to six times said radius.
- the cavity 30 is provided with at least one metal lining element 5 whose thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of the dielectric material of the body 3.
- the metallic lining element 5 also extends and, at least partially, along the internal lateral face 3b of the body 3 in contact with the electrode 4 in the form of a coating 53 intended to fill the small interspace between these parts.
- the gaseous fuel mixture would then be able to penetrate into this space and come into contact with the high walls. temperature before igniting and causing rupture of the body 3.
- the coating 53 is in electrical contact with the electrode 4 inside the spark plug 1 so that the entire inner surface of the body 3 is equipotential with the electrode which is under high voltage.
- FIGS 3A to 3C show alternative embodiments of the candle of the invention.
- the packing element 5 is formed of a metal layer 50 covering the inner wall of the cavity 30 and extending from one side to the other. other of the cavity and along the electrode 4 by the coating 53.
- the layer 50 and the coating 53 are made from alloys of molybdenum and / or tungsten.
- a second packing element 51 made by filling the cavity 30 with a metal alloy based on Kovar and / or Invar.
- the assembly is carried out by soldering in order to ensure good contact between the respective facing faces of the body 3 and the element 51.
- the second packing member 52 is formed integrally with the electrode 4 and is itself provided with a first packing element in the form of metal coating 53.
- the body 3 can be made by sintering a ceramic composition around the electrode 4 carrying the metal element 5.
- An alternative may consist in directly producing the electrode 4 with a metal element 52 by metal casting in situ in the central duct and the cavity 30 of the body 3.
Landscapes
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1052908A FR2959071B1 (fr) | 2010-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Bougie d'allumage equipee de moyens de prevention des courts-circuits |
| PCT/FR2011/050848 WO2011128589A1 (fr) | 2010-04-16 | 2011-04-14 | Bougie d'allumage équipée de moyens de prévention des courts-circuits |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2559119A1 true EP2559119A1 (fr) | 2013-02-20 |
| EP2559119B1 EP2559119B1 (fr) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=43038026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11730372.7A Not-in-force EP2559119B1 (fr) | 2010-04-16 | 2011-04-14 | Bougie d'allumage équipée de moyens de prévention des courts-circuits |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2559119B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN102884686B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2959071B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011128589A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6524136B2 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2019-06-05 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3883762A (en) * | 1974-06-17 | 1975-05-13 | Bendix Corp | Electrical discharge device comprising an insulator body having an electrically semi-conducting coating formed thereon |
| DE102004039406A1 (de) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-23 | Siemens Ag | Plasma-Zünd-Verfahren und -Vorrichtung zur Zündung von Kraftstoff/Luft-Gemischen in Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
| FR2878086B1 (fr) | 2004-11-16 | 2007-03-09 | Renault Sas | Bougie a plasma radiofrequence |
| FR2881281B1 (fr) * | 2005-01-26 | 2011-04-22 | Renault Sas | Bougie a generation de plasma |
| FR2886776B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-07 | 2012-08-17 | Renault Sas | Electrode notamment d'une bougie d'allumage de moteur a combustion interne |
| FR2887083B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-08 | 2007-08-10 | Renault Sas | Bougie a plasma radiofrequence pour l'allumage commande de moteurs a combustion interne |
| FR2888421B1 (fr) | 2005-07-06 | 2007-08-31 | Renault Sas | Dispositif de commande d'un transistor haute tension, en particulier un transitor mos d'un generateur haute tension radio-frequence pour l'allumage commande d'un moteur a combustion interne |
| FR2895169B1 (fr) | 2005-12-15 | 2008-08-01 | Renault Sas | Optimisation de la frequence d'excitation d'un resonateur |
| FR2895170B1 (fr) | 2005-12-15 | 2008-03-07 | Renault Sas | Optimisation de la frequence d'excitation d'un resonateur |
| FR2907269B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-17 | 2009-01-30 | Renault Sas | Dispositif de generation de plasma radiofrequence. |
-
2010
- 2010-04-16 FR FR1052908A patent/FR2959071B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-04-14 CN CN201180023522.8A patent/CN102884686B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-04-14 WO PCT/FR2011/050848 patent/WO2011128589A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-04-14 EP EP11730372.7A patent/EP2559119B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011128589A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2959071B1 (fr) | 2012-07-27 |
| EP2559119B1 (fr) | 2014-12-17 |
| WO2011128589A1 (fr) | 2011-10-20 |
| CN102884686B (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
| CN102884686A (zh) | 2013-01-16 |
| FR2959071A1 (fr) | 2011-10-21 |
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