EP2559102A1 - Antenne a polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, a grande purete de polarisation - Google Patents

Antenne a polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, a grande purete de polarisation

Info

Publication number
EP2559102A1
EP2559102A1 EP11715189A EP11715189A EP2559102A1 EP 2559102 A1 EP2559102 A1 EP 2559102A1 EP 11715189 A EP11715189 A EP 11715189A EP 11715189 A EP11715189 A EP 11715189A EP 2559102 A1 EP2559102 A1 EP 2559102A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
polarization
center
elements
printed circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11715189A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2559102B1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Jousset
Gaetan Guevel
Gaelle Samson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales SA filed Critical Thales SA
Publication of EP2559102A1 publication Critical patent/EP2559102A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2559102B1 publication Critical patent/EP2559102B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/10—Logperiodic antennas
    • H01Q11/105—Logperiodic antennas using a dielectric support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H01Q9/27—Spiral antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/10—Logperiodic antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
    • H01Q19/028—Means for reducing undesirable effects for reducing the cross polarisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q5/15—Resonant antennas for operation of centre-fed antennas comprising one or more collinear, substantially straight or elongated active elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a linear polarization antenna, directive, broadband, high polarization purity.
  • the subject of the present invention is a high-purity polarization antenna (a frequency band that may be greater than the decade) of the printed circuit type, this antenna being able to be integrated into a bi-polarization antenna, and allowing, when it is used in a localization system, to improve the localization performance, particularly at non-zero sites.
  • this antenna In the case where this antenna is of the rectilinear polarization type, its theoretical co-polarization is defined with respect to the geometry of the radiating circuit. In practice, real co-polarization differs from theoretical co-polarization. Polarization purity is defined as the difference between the theoretical polarization and the real co-polarization. It can be measured using the "co-polarization level / cross polarization level" ratio in the geometrical definition plane of the antenna. If the antenna is perfect, this ratio is infinite. In practice, what we are looking for is a ratio generally between 15 dB (for a log-periodic antenna) and 20 dB (for a "sinuous" antenna).
  • the antenna according to the invention is a linear polarization antenna, directive, broadband and high purity polarization, at least one pair of radiating elements printed on a face of a circuit printed, the two elements being symmetrical to each other with respect to the center of the antenna and delimited in their angular extension by two virtual lines passing through the center of the antenna, and it is characterized in that it has radiating elements printed on the other side of the support, these elements being identical to those of the first face, and being deduced by a rotation of 180 ° about an axis passing through the center of the antenna and which is the bisector of the angle at the center of said pair of elements, this central angle being that formed by said two virtual lines, this rotation being followed by a translation over a distance equal to the thickness of the printed circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of an antenna of the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of an antenna according to the present invention.
  • the present invention is described below with reference to an antenna operating in rectilinear polarization and "sinuous" radiating elements inscribed in a circle, but it is understood that it is not limited to such a type of antenna. antenna, and that it applies to any antenna with linear radiating elements, radiating in linear polarization, wired geometry, which one seeks to improve the purity of polarization, antenna whose co-polarization is supposed to be rectilinear, broad band or no, which can, if necessary, be the basic element for the design of a bipolarization antenna.
  • the antenna type from which the invention is derived is generally that realized using a single-sided printed circuit manufacturing technology.
  • An example of such an antenna 1 of the prior art is shown in Figure 1. It comprises essentially two radiating elements or sinuous branches 2, 3 symmetrical to each other with respect to the geometric center O of the assembly. It is well heard that this antenna could include two other branches.
  • the layout of the radiating elements of a so-called "sinuous" antenna is well known, for example according to US Pat. No. 4,658,262, it will not be described in more detail here. It will be specified only here that the two arms 2, 3 are symmetrical to one another with respect to the center 0. These two arms are delimited in their angular extension a by two virtual lines A, B passing through the center O of the 'antenna.
  • the antenna 4 of the invention is of the double-sided printed circuit type.
  • Figure 2 has been shown as if the printed circuit on which the radiating elements are formed was transparent.
  • the first face which is assumed to be the anterior face, has the same branches 2, 3 as those of FIG. 1.
  • the posterior face of the printed circuit comprises the branches 4,5, whose shapes and dimensions are identical to those of FIGS. branches 2, 3.
  • the location of the branches 4, 5 is deduced from that of the branches 2, 3 by rotation of 180 ° about an axis C passing through the center O and which is the bisector of the angle in the center has branches 2, 3.
  • rotation 180 ° about an axis C passing through the center O and which is the bisector of the angle in the center has branches 2, 3.
  • the outline of the branches 4, 5 is obtained by rotation of the branches 2, 3 around the center O by an angle of value equal to (180 ° +), then by the same translation.
  • the outline of the branches 4, 5 is obtained by rotation of the branches 2, 3 around the center O by an angle of value equal to (180 ° +), then by the same translation.
  • only one of the pairs is considered for rotation.
  • the invention makes it possible to improve the polarization purity of the antenna by more than 10 dB relative to the geometry on a single-sided printed substrate. More generally, it makes it possible to obtain an improvement in the polarization purity of all the geometries of planar wire antennas (log-periodic and other type antennas). Applied to bipolarisation antennas, it improves the coupling between the two radiating elements.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le domaine des antennes directives large bande fonctionnant en polarisation rectiligne, et en particulier dans le cadre de systèmes de goniométrie d'amplitude, les défauts de pureté de polarisation entraînent une déformation des diagrammes de rayonnement induisant une dégradation des performances de localisation du système de détection. L'antenne de la présente invention est une antenne fonctionnant en polarisation rectiligne et à éléments rayonnants de forme sinueuse inscrits dans un cercle, et comporte des éléments rayonnants imprimés sur les deux faces d'un support, les éléments d'une première face se déduisant de ceux de l'autre face par rotation.

Description

ANTENNE A POLARISATION RECTILIGNE , DIRECTIVE, LARGE BANDE, A GRANDE PURETE DE POLARISATION
La présente invention se rapporte à une antenne à polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, à grande pureté de polarisation.
Dans le domaine des antennes directives large bande fonctionnant en polarisation rectiligne, et en particulier dans le cadre de systèmes de goniométrie d'amplitude, on constate généralement, avec des antennes de ce type, une dégradation de la précision de la mesure de la D.O.A (« direction of arrivai » ou direction d'arrivée en français) de cibles. Dans ce cas, les défauts de pureté de polarisation entraînent une déformation des diagrammes de rayonnement (phénomène dit de « louchage ») qui augmente avec le site, induisant une dégradation des performances de localisation du système de détection.
Ce problème est résolu actuellement à l'aide de solutions empiriques non généralisables, telles que, par exemple, l'ajout de réseaux de fils métalliques devant l'antenne.
La présente invention a pour objet une antenne directive large bande (bande de fréquences pouvant être supérieure à la décade) à grande pureté de polarisation, du type à circuits imprimés, cette antenne pouvant être intégrée à une antenne bi- polarisation, et permettant, lorsqu'elle est utilisée dans un système de localisation, d'en améliorer les performances de localisation, particulièrement aux sites non nuls.
Dans le cas où cette antenne est du type à polarisation rectiligne, sa co- polarisation théorique est définie par rapport à la géométrie du circuit rayonnant. Dans la pratique, la co-polarisation réelle diffère de la co-polarisation théorique. On définit la pureté de polarisation comme étant la différence entre la polarisation théorique et la co-polarisation réelle. Elle peut être mesurée grâce au rapport « niveau de co-polarisation / niveau de cross polarisation » dans le plan de définition géométrique de l'antenne. Si l'antenne est parfaite, ce rapport est infini. En pratique, ce que l'on recherche, c'est un rapport généralement compris entre 15 dB (pour une antenne de type log-périodique) et 20 dB (pour une antenne « sinueuse »). L'antenne conforme à l'invention, du type à support plan est une antenne à polarisation rectiligne, directive, à large bande et à grande pureté de polarisation, à au moins une paire d'éléments rayonnants imprimés sur une face d'un circuit imprimé, les deux éléments étant symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport au centre de l'antenne et délimités dans leur extension angulaire par deux droites virtuelles passant par le centre de l'antenne, et elle est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des éléments rayonnants imprimés sur l'autre face du support, ces éléments étant identiques à ceux de la première face, et s'en déduisant par une rotation de 180° autour d'un axe passant par le centre de l'antenne et qui est la bissectrice de l'angle au centre de ladite paire d'éléments, cet angle au centre étant celui formé par lesdites deux droites virtuelles, cette rotation étant suivie d'une translation sur une distance égale à l'épaisseur du circuit imprimé.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation, pris à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustré par le dessin annexé, sur lequel :
la figure 1 est une vue en plan d'une antenne de l'art antérieur, et la figure 2 est une vue en plan d'une antenne conforme à la présente invention.
La présente invention est décrite ci-dessous en référence à une antenne fonctionnant en polarisation rectiligne et à éléments rayonnants de forme « sinueuse » inscrits dans un cercle, mais il est bien entendu qu'elle n'est pas limitée à un tel type d'antenne, et qu'elle s'applique à toute antenne à éléments rayonnants plans, rayonnant en polarisation rectiligne, à géométrie filaire, dont on cherche à améliorer la pureté de polarisation, antenne dont la co-polarisation est supposée être rectiligne, large bande ou non, qui peut, le cas échéant, être l'élément de base pour la conception d'une antenne bipolarisation.
Le type d'antenne duquel part l'invention est généralement celui réalisé à l'aide d'une technologie de fabrication de circuits imprimés simple face. Un exemple d'une telle antenne 1 de l'art antérieur est représenté en figure 1. Elle comprend essentiellement deux éléments rayonnants ou branches sinueuses 2, 3 symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport au centre géométrique O de l'ensemble. Il est bien entendu que cette antenne pourrait comporter deux autres branches. Le tracé des éléments rayonnants d'une antenne dite « sinueuse » étant bien connu, par exemple d'après le brevet US 4 658 262, elle ne sera pas décrite plus en détail ici. On précisera seulement ici que les deux bras 2, 3 sont symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport au centre 0. Ces deux bras sont délimités dans leur extension angulaire a par deux droites virtuelles A, B passant par le centre O de l'antenne.
L'antenne 4 de l'invention, telle que représentée en figure 2, est du type à circuit imprimé double face. La figure 2 a été représentée comme si le circuit imprimé sur lequel sont formés les éléments rayonnants était transparent. La première face, que l'on suppose être la face antérieure, comporte les mêmes branches 2, 3 que celles de la figure 1. La face postérieure du circuit imprimé comporte les branches 4,5 dont les formes et dimensions sont identiques à celles des branches 2, 3.
Selon la vue de la figure 2, l'emplacement des branches 4, 5 se déduit de celui des branches 2, 3 par rotation de 180° autour d'un axe C passant par le centre O et qui est la bissectrice de l'angle au centre a des branches 2, 3. Dans la réalité, il faudrait ajouter à cette rotation une translation sur une distance égale à l'épaisseur du circuit imprimé (de la face antérieure vers la face postérieure de ce circuit imprimé).
En d'autres termes, le tracé des branches 4, 5 est obtenu par rotation des branches 2, 3 autour du centre O d'un angle de valeur égale à (180° + ), puis par la même translation. Dans le cas d'une antenne à quatre branches (deux paires de branches), on considère pour la rotation une seule des paires.
L'invention permet l'amélioration de la pureté de polarisation de l'antenne de plus de lOdB par rapport à la géométrie sur substrat imprimé simple face. De façon plus générale, elle permet d'obtenir une amélioration de la pureté de polarisation de toutes les géométries d'antennes filaires planes (antennes type log-périodiques et autres). Appliquées aux antennes à bipolarisation, elle améliore le couplage entre les deux éléments rayonnants.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Antenne du type à support plan à polarisation rectiligne, directive, à large bande et à grande pureté de polarisation, à au moins une paire d'éléments rayonnants (2, 3) imprimés sur une face d'un circuit imprimé, les deux éléments étant symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport au centre de l'antenne (O) et délimités dans leur extension angulaire par deux droites virtuelles (ΟΑ,ΟΒ) passant par le centre de l'antenne, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des éléments rayonnants (4, 5) imprimés sur l'autre face du support, ces éléments étant identiques à ceux de la première face, et s'en déduisant par une rotation de 180° autour d'un axe (OC) passant par le centre de l'antenne et qui est la bissectrice de l'angle au centre (a) de ladite paire d'éléments, cet angle au centre étant celui formé par lesdites deux droites virtuelles (OA, OB), cette rotation étant suivie d'une translation sur une distance égale à l'épaisseur du circuit imprimé.
2. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque face du circuit imprimé comporte deux bras à forme sinueuse.
3 Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que chaque face du circuit imprimé comporte deux bras à forme log- périodique.
4. Antenne selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une antenne bipolarisation rectiligne.
EP11715189.4A 2010-04-13 2011-04-07 Antenne a polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, a grande purete de polarisation Active EP2559102B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1001549A FR2958804B1 (fr) 2010-04-13 2010-04-13 Antenne a polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, a grande purete de polarisation.
PCT/EP2011/055419 WO2011128243A1 (fr) 2010-04-13 2011-04-07 Antenne a polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, a grande purete de polarisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2559102A1 true EP2559102A1 (fr) 2013-02-20
EP2559102B1 EP2559102B1 (fr) 2014-01-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11715189.4A Active EP2559102B1 (fr) 2010-04-13 2011-04-07 Antenne a polarisation rectiligne, directive, large bande, a grande purete de polarisation

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US8976073B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2559102B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2450125T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2958804B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011128243A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI499127B (zh) 2012-05-11 2015-09-01 Wistron Corp 天線結構
KR101667969B1 (ko) * 2015-12-04 2016-10-20 경남정보대학교 산학협력단 저입력 임피던스 2-암 슬롯 시누어스 안테나

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2454401A1 (de) * 1974-11-16 1976-05-20 Licentia Gmbh Breitbandantenne kleiner abmessungen
US4658262A (en) * 1985-02-19 1987-04-14 Duhamel Raymond H Dual polarized sinuous antennas
US6211839B1 (en) * 1988-08-22 2001-04-03 Trw Inc. Polarized planar log periodic antenna
US5146234A (en) * 1989-09-08 1992-09-08 Ball Corporation Dual polarized spiral antenna
US6731248B2 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-05-04 Harris Corporation High efficiency printed circuit array of log-periodic dipole arrays
US6922179B2 (en) * 2003-11-17 2005-07-26 Winegard Company Low profile television antenna
US7609220B2 (en) * 2005-05-09 2009-10-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Channelized log-periodic antenna with matched coupling

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011128243A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2450125T3 (es) 2014-03-24
WO2011128243A1 (fr) 2011-10-20
US8976073B2 (en) 2015-03-10
US20130207864A1 (en) 2013-08-15
FR2958804B1 (fr) 2012-04-27
FR2958804A1 (fr) 2011-10-14
EP2559102B1 (fr) 2014-01-22

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