EP2559047A1 - Switching device - Google Patents

Switching device

Info

Publication number
EP2559047A1
EP2559047A1 EP11719143A EP11719143A EP2559047A1 EP 2559047 A1 EP2559047 A1 EP 2559047A1 EP 11719143 A EP11719143 A EP 11719143A EP 11719143 A EP11719143 A EP 11719143A EP 2559047 A1 EP2559047 A1 EP 2559047A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
contact
contact piece
switching device
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11719143A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2559047B1 (en
Inventor
Roman Kolm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Eaton Industries Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Industries Austria GmbH filed Critical Eaton Industries Austria GmbH
Priority to PL11719143T priority Critical patent/PL2559047T3/en
Publication of EP2559047A1 publication Critical patent/EP2559047A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2559047B1 publication Critical patent/EP2559047B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H79/00—Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H01H2071/1036—Interconnected mechanisms having provisions for four or more poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H01H71/1027—Interconnected mechanisms comprising a bidirectional connecting member actuated by the opening movement of one pole to trip a neighbour pole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, with which simply the safety when working on electrical systems can be increased.
  • the system-side parts of the respective enabled subnetwork are short-circuited, resulting in the discharge of electrical energy storage elements.
  • a switching device in particular a residual current circuit breaker, circuit breaker, circuit breaker, main switch or the like, the short circuit of the system is already in the course of enabling the relevant facility. The electrician in question can therefore not forget about the short-circuiting of the system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 shows a second preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation
  • Fig. 4 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show schematic representations of preferred embodiments of a switch switching device 1 with a first movable switching contact 2, which rests in a first switching position on a first contact piece 3, and with a second movable switching contact 4, which in the first switching position on a second Contact piece 5 is applied, wherein in a second switching position of the first movable switching contact 2 at a third contact piece 6 is present and the second movable switching contact 4 is applied to a fourth contact piece 7, and wherein the third contact piece 6 and the fourth contact piece 7 are conductively connected.
  • the system-side parts of the respective enabled subnetwork are short-circuited, resulting in the discharge of electrical energy storage elements.
  • a switching device in particular a residual current circuit breaker, circuit breaker, circuit breaker, main switch or the like, the short circuit of the system is already in the course of enabling the relevant facility. The electrician in question can therefore not forget about the short-circuiting of the system.
  • Switching devices 1 are preferably arranged in terms of circuitry between an electrical power distribution and / or supply network and an electrical subnet in order to disconnect the relevant subnetwork from the power distribution and / or supply network, for example in the event of a fault. Furthermore, such switching devices 1 are designed to manually divide the subnetwork manually from the power distribution and / or supply network.
  • An energy distribution and / or supply network can preferably be any type of electrical network. It is preferably provided that the relevant electrical network has at least a first conductor LI and a second conductor N. It can be provided any number of conductors, with particular preference and as shown, in addition to the mentioned first and second conductors LI, N, further a third conductor L2 and a fourth conductor L3 is provided to protect a conventional three-phase network.
  • Switching devices 1 generally have connection terminals, in particular screw terminals or plug-in connection terminals, for connecting the electrical conductors LI, L2, L3, N of the electrical network.
  • the switching device 1 has per electrical conductor LI, L2, L3, N each have two terminals on. Between two, an electrical conductor LI, L2, L3, N associated terminals, a switching path is formed in the switch device 1, in which at least one movable switching contact 2, 4, 15, 16 is arranged. In a first switching position, the respective movable switching contact 2, 4, 15, 16 is applied to a contact piece 3, 17, 18, 5 assigned thereto, whereby the switching path is closed by the switching device 1.
  • Inventive switching devices 1 are preferably designed as residual current circuit breaker, circuit breaker, circuit breaker and / or main switch, wherein at least one trigger mechanism may be provided to the switching position of the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 predeterminable or to control in dependence on the state of the electrical network ,
  • a switching device 1 may be remotely switchable, or have a release mechanism which responds approximately to fault currents, overvoltages and / or overcurrents, and causes the transfer of the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 from the first switching position to the second switching position.
  • Inventive switching devices 1 further preferably have a switching mechanism 25 for triggering the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16, and a manual operating handle, for manually moving the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 from the first switching position to the second switching position. It is preferably provided that the first and the second movable switching contact 2, 4 are mechanically coupled, in particular on a common switching shaft 27 are arranged. This preferred switching shaft 27 is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 by a dashed line.
  • the components of a switching device 1 according to the invention are arranged in a housing comprising insulating material, in which housing furthermore the first, second, third and fourth contact piece 3, 5, 6, 7, and if available also the further contact pieces, 17, 18, 19, 20, are arranged fixed against displacement. It may also be provided that in addition to the first, second, third and fourth movable switch contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 according to the subject description, and contact pieces may be designed to be movable.
  • the illustrated preferred embodiments of a switching device 1 each have a first movable switching contact 2, which rests in a first switching position on a first contact piece 3, a second movable switching contact 4, which rests in the first switching position on a second contact piece 5, a third movable switching contact 15, which abuts in the first switching position on a fifth contact piece 17, and a fourth movable switching contact 16, which rests in the first switching position on a sixth contact piece 18.
  • the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 are provided and designed for the predeterminable interruption of at least one of the conductors LI, L2, L3, N of an electrical network to be protected.
  • the first movable switching contact 2 bears against a third contact piece 6 and the second movable switching contact 4 bears against a fourth contact piece 7, and further that the third contact piece 6 and the fourth contact piece 7 are conductively connected, whereby the above-described advantageous effects can be achieved.
  • the third movable switch contact 15 abuts a seventh contact piece 19 and the fourth movable switch contact 16 abuts an eighth contact piece 20, wherein furthermore the third, fourth, seventh and eighth contact piece 6, 7, 19, 20, preferably all, are conductively connected to one another.
  • 1 shows a schematic representation of a switching device 1 designed in this way.
  • the third contact piece 6 and the fourth contact piece 7 are conductively connected to a grounding terminal 8.
  • the safety of electrical work can be further increased.
  • the seventh contact piece 19 and the eighth contact piece 20 are conductively connected to the ground terminal 8. It can be provided that in each case separate lines run from each of the contacts to the grounding terminal 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third preferred embodiment of a switching device 1 according to the invention, wherein the first movable switching contact 2 and the second movable switching contact 4 are arranged in a third switching position, in which third switching position of the first and second movable switching contact 2, 4 in a non-contact position, Therefore, a position between the first and third or second and fourth contact piece 3, 5, 6, 7, are held.
  • the third and the fourth movable switching contact 15, 16 are furthermore arranged in the relevant third switching position, therefore a non-contact position.
  • the switching device 1 further comprises means to the relevant movable switch contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 to lock at least temporarily in this third switch position. Due to the possibility of the third switching position, it is possible to perform an insulation test on the conductors LI, L2, L3, N of an electrical network to be protected. After isolation measurement, the switching device 1 can be converted into the first or second switching position.
  • a switching device 1 preferably as an alternative embodiment to the third preferred embodiment, it is preferably provided that at least one first switch 10 and / or button is arranged in a first connecting line 9 between the third and the fourth contact piece 6, 7.
  • the contact apparatus of such a switching device 1 can be made much simpler than in a switching device 1 according to the third preferred embodiment, there the third switching position is not required.
  • the relevant first line LI can be easily interrupted.
  • Fig. 4 shows such a preferred fourth embodiment of a switching device according to the invention 1.
  • the first and the second switch 10, 12 are integrally formed.
  • a fourth connecting line 23 with a fourth switch 21, and a fifth connecting line 24 with a fifth switch 22 are further shown.
  • Further embodiments according to the invention have only a part of the features described, wherein each feature combination, in particular also of various described embodiments, can be provided.

Landscapes

  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

In a switching device (1) with a first movable switching contact (2) which, in a first switch position, bears against a first contact piece (3), and with a second moving switching contact (4) which, in the first switching position, bears against a second contact piece (5), the invention proposes, for the purpose of increasing the reliability during operation in electrical installations, that, in a second switching position, the first movable switching contact (2) bears against a third contact piece (6) and the second moving switching contact (4) bears against a fourth contact piece (7), and that the third contact piece (6) and the fourth contact piece (7) are conductively connected to one another.

Description

Schaltgerät  switchgear
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schaltgerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. The invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bei Arbeiten in und an elektrischen Anlagen gelten zur Vermeidung von Stromunfällen bestimmte Regeln, welche in den nachfolgend angeführten sog.„Fünf Sicherheitsregeln" zusammengefasst sind, und welche von den jeweiligen Technikern angewendet werden sollten: When working in and on electrical systems, there are certain rules that are summarized in the so-called "five safety rules" below, which should be used by the respective technicians:
1. Freischalten  1. Unlock
2. Gegen Wiedereinschalten sichern  2. Secure against restart
3. Spannungsfreiheit feststellen  3. Determine absence of voltage
4. Erden und kurzschließen  4. Ground and short
5. Benachbarte, unter Spannung stehende Teile abdecken oder den Zugang verhindern Diese fünf Sicherheitsregeln sollten vor Arbeiten an elektrischen Anlagen in der oben genannten Reihenfolge angewandt werden. Nach durchgeführten Arbeiten sollten diese dann in der umgekehrten Reihenfolge wieder aufgehoben werden. Diese Regeln werden zwar bei jedem Elektriker als bekannt vorausgesetzt, es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass in der Praxis Elektriker oft davon ausgehen, dass - nach unterbrochener Stromversorgung - ohnedies keine lebensgefährlichen Spannungen/Ströme in der Anlage auftreten, weshalb etwa Punkt 3: „Spannungsfreiheit feststellen" in der Regel von Elektrikern oftmals ignoriert wird. Weiters werden in der Praxis kaum abgetrennte Niederspannungsanlagen geerdet und kurzgeschlossen. Da jedoch in elektrischen Anlagen vielfältige Energiespeichermittel integriert sein können, insbesondere kapazitive oder induktive Energiespeichermittel, wie etwa Kondensatoren bzw. Spulen (Motorwicklungen, Trafos), besteht auch bei freigeschalteten elektrischen Anlagen die Gefahr, dass - durch Entladung der betreffenden Energiespeichermittel - gefährliche Ströme auftreten können.  5. Cover adjacent live parts or prevent access These five safety rules should be applied prior to working on electrical equipment in the order listed above. After completed work, these should then be reversed in the reverse order. Although these rules are assumed to be known by any electrician, it has been shown that in practice electricians often assume that - after interrupted power supply - no life-threatening voltages / currents occur in the system, so why point 3: "Voltage-free Furthermore, in practice, hardly separated low-voltage systems are grounded and short-circuited, however, since diverse energy storage means can be integrated in electrical systems, in particular capacitive or inductive energy storage means, such as capacitors or coils (motor windings, transformers) ), there is the danger, even when the electrical systems are disconnected, that dangerous currents may occur due to the discharge of the relevant energy storage devices.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher ein Schaltgerät der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit welchem die genannten Nachteile vermieden werden können, mit welchem einfach die Sicherheit beim Arbeiten an elektrischen Anlagen erhöht werden kann.  The object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, with which simply the safety when working on electrical systems can be increased.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 erreicht. This is achieved by the features of claim 1 according to the invention.
Dadurch kann einfach die Sicherheit beim Arbeiten an elektrischen Anlagen erhöht werden. Dadurch kann sicher verhindert werden, dass beim Arbeiten an freigeschalteten elektrischen Anlagen, wie etwa elektrischen Energieverteilungsnetzen, in geladenen kapazitiven oder induktiven Bauteilen gespeicherte elektrische Energie, zur Gefahr für einen Arbeiter wird. Dadurch wird die Gefahr eines elektrischen Schlages in derartigen elektrischen Anlagen deutlich vermindert, insbesondere verhindert. Dadurch kann ein gefährlicher Zustand in elektrischen Anlagen durch Entladung induktiv oder kapazitiv gespeicherter elektrischer Energie über einen menschlichen Körper verhindert werden. This can simply increase the safety when working on electrical systems. This can be safely prevented when working on unlocked electrical Plants, such as electrical power distribution networks, stored in charged capacitive or inductive components electrical energy is a danger to a worker. As a result, the risk of electric shock in such electrical systems is significantly reduced, in particular prevented. As a result, a dangerous state in electrical systems can be prevented by discharging inductively or capacitively stored electrical energy via a human body.
Dadurch werden die anlagenseitigen Teile des betreffenden freigeschalteten Teilnetzes kurzgeschlossen, wodurch es zur Entladung elektrischer Energiespeicherelemente kommt. Durch die bevorzugte Integration der Funktion des Kurzschließens der anlagenseitigen Teile des Teilnetzes, in ein Schaltgerät, insbesondere einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter, Leitungsschutzschalter, Leistungsschalter, Hauptschalter oder dergleichen, erfolgt das Kurzschließen der Anlage bereits im Zuge des Freischaltens der betreffenden Anlage. Der betreffende Elektriker kann daher auf das Kurzschließen der Anlage nicht vergessen.  As a result, the system-side parts of the respective enabled subnetwork are short-circuited, resulting in the discharge of electrical energy storage elements. Due to the preferred integration of the function of short-circuiting the system-side parts of the subnetwork, in a switching device, in particular a residual current circuit breaker, circuit breaker, circuit breaker, main switch or the like, the short circuit of the system is already in the course of enabling the relevant facility. The electrician in question can therefore not forget about the short-circuiting of the system.
Die Unteransprüche, welche ebenso wie der Patentanspruch 1 gleichzeitig einen Teil der Beschreibung bilden, betreffen weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung. The subclaims, which as well as the patent claim 1 simultaneously form part of the description, relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Die Erfindung wird unter Bezugnahme auf die beigeschlossenen Zeichnungen, in welchen lediglich bevorzugte Ausführungsformen beispielhaft dargestellt sind, näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigt: The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only preferred embodiments are shown by way of example. Showing:
Fig. 1 eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts als schematische Darstellung;  1 shows a first preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation;
Fig. 2 eine zweite bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts als schematische Darstellung;  2 shows a second preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation.
Fig. 3 eine dritte bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts als schematische Darstellung; und  3 shows a third preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation; and
Fig. 4 eine vierte bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts als schematische Darstellung.  Fig. 4 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention as a schematic representation.
Die Fig. 1 bis 4 zeigen schematische Darstellungen bevorzugter Ausführungsformen eines Schalters Schaltgerät 1 mit einem ersten beweglichen Schaltkontakt 2, welcher in einer ersten Schaltstellung an einem ersten Kontaktstück 3 anliegt, und mit einem zweiten beweglichen Schaltkontakt 4, welches in der ersten Schaltstellung an einem zweiten Kontaktstück 5 anliegt, wobei in einer zweiten Schaltstellung der erste bewegliche Schaltkontakt 2 an einem dritten Kontaktstück 6 anliegt und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt 4 an einem vierten Kontaktstück 7 anliegt, und wobei das dritte Kontaktstück 6 und das vierte Kontaktstück 7 leitend verbunden sind. 1 to 4 show schematic representations of preferred embodiments of a switch switching device 1 with a first movable switching contact 2, which rests in a first switching position on a first contact piece 3, and with a second movable switching contact 4, which in the first switching position on a second Contact piece 5 is applied, wherein in a second switching position of the first movable switching contact 2 at a third contact piece 6 is present and the second movable switching contact 4 is applied to a fourth contact piece 7, and wherein the third contact piece 6 and the fourth contact piece 7 are conductively connected.
Dadurch kann einfach die Sicherheit beim Arbeiten an elektrischen Anlagen erhöht werden. Dadurch kann sicher verhindert werden, dass beim Arbeiten an freigeschalteten elektrischen Anlagen, wie etwa elektrischen Energieverteilungsnetzen, in geladenen kapazitiven oder induktiven Bauteilen gespeicherte elektrische Energie, zur Gefahr für einen Arbeiter wird. Dadurch wird die Gefahr eines elektrischen Schlages in derartigen elektrischen Anlagen deutlich vermindert, insbesondere verhindert. Dadurch kann ein gefährlicher Zustand in elektrischen Anlagen durch Entladung induktiv oder kapazitiv gespeicherter elektrischer Energie über einen menschlichen Körper verhindert werden.  This can simply increase the safety when working on electrical systems. This can be safely prevented that when working on unlocked electrical systems, such as electrical power distribution networks, stored in charged capacitive or inductive components electrical energy is dangerous for a worker. As a result, the risk of electric shock in such electrical systems is significantly reduced, in particular prevented. As a result, a dangerous state in electrical systems can be prevented by discharging inductively or capacitively stored electrical energy via a human body.
Dadurch werden die anlagenseitigen Teile des betreffenden freigeschalteten Teilnetzes kurzgeschlossen, wodurch es zur Entladung elektrischer Energiespeicherelemente kommt. Durch die bevorzugte Integration der Funktion des Kurzschließens der anlagenseitigen Teile des Teilnetzes, in ein Schaltgerät, insbesondere einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter, Leitungsschutzschalter, Leistungsschalter, Hauptschalter oder dergleichen, erfolgt das Kurzschließen der Anlage bereits im Zuge des Freischaltens der betreffenden Anlage. Der betreffende Elektriker kann daher auf das Kurzschließen der Anlage nicht vergessen.  As a result, the system-side parts of the respective enabled subnetwork are short-circuited, resulting in the discharge of electrical energy storage elements. Due to the preferred integration of the function of short-circuiting the system-side parts of the subnetwork, in a switching device, in particular a residual current circuit breaker, circuit breaker, circuit breaker, main switch or the like, the short circuit of the system is already in the course of enabling the relevant facility. The electrician in question can therefore not forget about the short-circuiting of the system.
Erfindungsgemäße Schaltgeräte 1 werden bevorzugt schaltungstechnisch zwischen einem elektrischen Energieverteilungs- und/oder Versorgungsnetz und einem elektrischen Teilnetz angeordnet, um - etwa im Fehlerfall - das betreffende Teilnetz von dem Energieverteilungsund/oder Versorgungsnetz zu trennen. Weiters sind derartige Schaltgeräte 1 dazu ausgebildet, das Teilnetz vorgebbar manuell von dem Energieverteilungs- und/oder Versorgungsnetz zu trennen. Bei einem Energieverteilungs- und/oder Versorgungsnetz kann es sich vorzugsweise um jede Art eines elektrischen Netzes handeln. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass das betreffende elektrische Netz wenigstens einen ersten Leiter LI und einen zweiten Leiter N aufweist. Es kann jede Anzahl an Leitern vorgesehen sein, wobei besonders bevorzugt und wie dargestellt, neben den erwähnten ersten und zweiten Leitern LI, N, weiters ein dritter Leiter L2 und ein vierter Leiter L3 vorgesehen ist, zum Schutz eines herkömmlichen Drehstromnetzes. Switching devices 1 according to the invention are preferably arranged in terms of circuitry between an electrical power distribution and / or supply network and an electrical subnet in order to disconnect the relevant subnetwork from the power distribution and / or supply network, for example in the event of a fault. Furthermore, such switching devices 1 are designed to manually divide the subnetwork manually from the power distribution and / or supply network. An energy distribution and / or supply network can preferably be any type of electrical network. It is preferably provided that the relevant electrical network has at least a first conductor LI and a second conductor N. It can be provided any number of conductors, with particular preference and as shown, in addition to the mentioned first and second conductors LI, N, further a third conductor L2 and a fourth conductor L3 is provided to protect a conventional three-phase network.
Erfindungsgemäße Schaltgeräte 1 weisen in der Regel Anschlussklemmen, insbesondere Schraubanschlussklemmen oder Steckanschlussklemmen, zum Anschluss der elektrischen Leiter LI, L2, L3, N des elektrischen Netzes auf. Das Schaltgerät 1 weist dabei pro elektrischem Leiter LI, L2, L3, N jeweils zwei Anschlussklemmen auf. Zwischen zwei, einem elektrischen Leiter LI, L2, L3, N zugeordneten, Anschlussklemmen ist in dem Schaltergerät 1 eine Schaltstrecke ausgebildet, in welcher wenigstens ein beweglicher Schaltkontakt 2, 4, 15, 16 angeordnet ist. In einer ersten Schaltstellung liegt der jeweilige bewegliche Schaltkontakt 2, 4, 15, 16 an einem diesem zugeordneten Kontaktstück 3, 17, 18, 5 an, wodurch die Schaltstrecke durch das Schaltgerät 1 geschlossen ist. Switching devices 1 according to the invention generally have connection terminals, in particular screw terminals or plug-in connection terminals, for connecting the electrical conductors LI, L2, L3, N of the electrical network. The switching device 1 has per electrical conductor LI, L2, L3, N each have two terminals on. Between two, an electrical conductor LI, L2, L3, N associated terminals, a switching path is formed in the switch device 1, in which at least one movable switching contact 2, 4, 15, 16 is arranged. In a first switching position, the respective movable switching contact 2, 4, 15, 16 is applied to a contact piece 3, 17, 18, 5 assigned thereto, whereby the switching path is closed by the switching device 1.
Erfindungsgemäße Schaltgeräte 1 sind bevorzugt als Fehlerstromschutzschalter, Leitungsschutzschalter, Leistungsschalter und/oder Hauptschalter ausgebildet, wobei wenigstens ein Auslösemechanismus vorgesehen sein kann, um die Schaltstellung der beweglichen Schaltkontakte 2, 4, 15, 16 vorgebbar bzw. in Abhängigkeit des Zustandes des elektrischen Netzes zu steuern. Ein derartiges Schaltgerät 1 kann etwa fernschaltbar sein, bzw. einen Auslösemechanismus aufweisen, welcher etwa auf Fehlerströme, Überspannungen und/oder Überströme anspricht, und das Überführen der beweglichen Schaltkontakte 2, 4, 15, 16 von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung verursacht. Erfindungsgemäße Schaltgeräte 1 weisen weiters bevorzugt ein Schaltschloss 25 auf zum Auslösen der beweglichen Schaltkontakte 2, 4, 15, 16, sowie einen Handbetätigungsgriff, zum manuellen Verbringen der beweglichen Schaltkontakte 2, 4, 15, 16 von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass der erste und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt 2, 4 mechanisch gekoppelt sind, insbesondere auf einer gemeinsamen Schaltwelle 27 angeordnet sind. Diese bevorzugt vorgesehene Schaltwelle 27 ist in den Fig. 1 bis 4 durch eine strichlierte Linie veranschaulicht. Inventive switching devices 1 are preferably designed as residual current circuit breaker, circuit breaker, circuit breaker and / or main switch, wherein at least one trigger mechanism may be provided to the switching position of the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 predeterminable or to control in dependence on the state of the electrical network , Such a switching device 1 may be remotely switchable, or have a release mechanism which responds approximately to fault currents, overvoltages and / or overcurrents, and causes the transfer of the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 from the first switching position to the second switching position. Inventive switching devices 1 further preferably have a switching mechanism 25 for triggering the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16, and a manual operating handle, for manually moving the movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 from the first switching position to the second switching position. It is preferably provided that the first and the second movable switching contact 2, 4 are mechanically coupled, in particular on a common switching shaft 27 are arranged. This preferred switching shaft 27 is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 by a dashed line.
Bevorzugt sind die Komponenten eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1 in einem Gehäuse umfassend Isolierstoff angeordnet, in welchem Gehäuse weiters das erste, zweite, dritte und vierte Kontaktstück 3, 5, 6, 7, sowie sofern vorhanden auch die weiteren Kontaktstücke, 17, 18, 19, 20, verschiebefest angeordnet sind. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass neben den ersten, zweiten, dritten und vierten beweglichen Schaltkontakten 2, 4, 15, 16 gemäß der gegenständlichen Beschreibung, auch Kontaktstücke beweglich ausgebildet sein können.  Preferably, the components of a switching device 1 according to the invention are arranged in a housing comprising insulating material, in which housing furthermore the first, second, third and fourth contact piece 3, 5, 6, 7, and if available also the further contact pieces, 17, 18, 19, 20, are arranged fixed against displacement. It may also be provided that in addition to the first, second, third and fourth movable switch contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 according to the subject description, and contact pieces may be designed to be movable.
Die dargestellten bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1 weisen jeweils einen ersten beweglichen Schaltkontakt 2, welcher in einer ersten Schaltstellung an einem ersten Kontaktstück 3 anliegt, einen zweiten beweglichen Schaltkontakt 4, welcher in der ersten Schaltstellung an einem zweiten Kontaktstück 5 anliegt, einen dritten beweglichen Schaltkontakt 15, welcher in der ersten Schaltstellung an einem fünften Kontaktstück 17 anliegt, und einen vierten beweglichen Schaltkontakt 16, welcher in der ersten Schaltstellung an einem sechsten Kontaktstück 18 anliegt. Die beweglichen Schaltkontakte 2, 4, 15, 16 sind zum vorgebbaren Unterbrechen wenigstens eines der Leiter LI, L2, L3, N eines zu schützenden elektrischen Netzes vorgesehen und ausgebildet. The illustrated preferred embodiments of a switching device 1 according to the invention each have a first movable switching contact 2, which rests in a first switching position on a first contact piece 3, a second movable switching contact 4, which rests in the first switching position on a second contact piece 5, a third movable switching contact 15, which abuts in the first switching position on a fifth contact piece 17, and a fourth movable switching contact 16, which rests in the first switching position on a sixth contact piece 18. The movable switching contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 are provided and designed for the predeterminable interruption of at least one of the conductors LI, L2, L3, N of an electrical network to be protected.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass in einer zweiten Schaltstellung der erste bewegliche Schaltkontakt 2 an einem dritten Kontaktstück 6 anliegt und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt 4 an einem vierten Kontaktstück 7 anliegt, sowie weiters dass das dritte Kontaktstück 6 und das vierte Kontaktstück 7 leitend verbunden sind, wodurch die vorstehend dargelegten vorteilhaften Wirkungen erzielt werden können. Gemäß den dargestellten besonders bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsformen ist weiters vorgesehen, dass der dritte bewegliche Schaltkontakt 15 an einem siebenten Kontaktstück 19 anliegt und der vierte bewegliche Schaltkontakt 16 an einem achten Kontaktstück 20 anliegt, wobei weiters das dritte, vierte, siebente und achte Kontaktstück 6, 7, 19, 20, vorzugsweise sämtlich, miteinander leitend verbunden sind. Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines derart ausgebildeten Schaltgeräts 1.  According to the invention, it is provided that, in a second switching position, the first movable switching contact 2 bears against a third contact piece 6 and the second movable switching contact 4 bears against a fourth contact piece 7, and further that the third contact piece 6 and the fourth contact piece 7 are conductively connected, whereby the above-described advantageous effects can be achieved. According to the illustrated particularly preferred embodiments is further provided that the third movable switch contact 15 abuts a seventh contact piece 19 and the fourth movable switch contact 16 abuts an eighth contact piece 20, wherein furthermore the third, fourth, seventh and eighth contact piece 6, 7, 19, 20, preferably all, are conductively connected to one another. 1 shows a schematic representation of a switching device 1 designed in this way.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1 , und gemäß der in Fig. 2 dargestellten besonders bevorzugten zweiten Ausbildung eines solchen, ist vorgesehen, dass das dritte Kontaktstück 6 und das vierte Kontaktstück 7 leitend mit einer Erdungsklemme 8 verbunden sind. Dadurch ist neben dem Kurzschluss der anlagenseitigen Leitungen des Netzes weiters eine Erdung derselbigen gegeben. Dadurch kann die Sicherheit bei elektrischen Arbeiten noch weiters erhöht werden. Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, ist bei der bevorzugten Ausbildung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1 mit vier Schaltstrecken, weiters vorgesehen, dass das siebente Kontaktstück 19 und das achte Kontaktstück 20 leitend mit der Erdungsklemme 8 verbunden sind. Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass jeweils separate Leitungen von jedem der Kontakte zu der Erdungsklemme 8 verlaufen.  According to a preferred embodiment of a switching device 1 according to the invention, and according to the particularly preferred second embodiment of such shown in Fig. 2, it is provided that the third contact piece 6 and the fourth contact piece 7 are conductively connected to a grounding terminal 8. As a result, in addition to the short circuit of the system-side lines of the network further grounding derselbigen given. As a result, the safety of electrical work can be further increased. As shown in Fig. 2, in the preferred embodiment of a switching device 1 according to the invention with four switching paths, further provided that the seventh contact piece 19 and the eighth contact piece 20 are conductively connected to the ground terminal 8. It can be provided that in each case separate lines run from each of the contacts to the grounding terminal 8.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine dritte bevorzugte Ausfuhrungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1 , wobei der erste bewegliche Schaltkontakt 2 und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt 4 in einer dritten Schaltstellung angeordnet sind, in welcher dritten Schaltstellung der erste und zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt 2, 4 in einer kontaktfreien Position, daher einer Position zwischen dem ersten und dritten bzw. zweiten und vierten Kontaktstück 3, 5, 6, 7, gehalten sind. Gemäß Fig. 3 sind weiters auch der dritte und der vierte bewegliche Schaltkontakt 15, 16 in der betreffenden dritten Schaltstellung, daher einer kontaktfreien Position, angeordnet. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass das Schaltgerät 1 weiters Mittel aufweist, um die betreffenden beweglichen Schaltkontakte 2, 4, 15, 16 in dieser dritten Schaltstellung wenigstens zeitweise zu arretieren. Durch die Möglichkeit der dritten Schaltstellung besteht die Möglichkeit eine Isolationsprüfung an den Leitern LI, L2, L3, N eines zu schützenden elektrischen Netzes vorzunehmen. Nach erfolgter Isolationsmessung kann das Schaltgerät 1 in die erste oder zweite Schaltstellung überführt werden. 3 shows a third preferred embodiment of a switching device 1 according to the invention, wherein the first movable switching contact 2 and the second movable switching contact 4 are arranged in a third switching position, in which third switching position of the first and second movable switching contact 2, 4 in a non-contact position, Therefore, a position between the first and third or second and fourth contact piece 3, 5, 6, 7, are held. According to FIG. 3, the third and the fourth movable switching contact 15, 16 are furthermore arranged in the relevant third switching position, therefore a non-contact position. In particular, it is provided that the switching device 1 further comprises means to the relevant movable switch contacts 2, 4, 15, 16 to lock at least temporarily in this third switch position. Due to the possibility of the third switching position, it is possible to perform an insulation test on the conductors LI, L2, L3, N of an electrical network to be protected. After isolation measurement, the switching device 1 can be converted into the first or second switching position.
In Weiterbildung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1, vorzugsweise als alternative Ausbildung zur dritten bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform, ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass in einer ersten Verbindungsleitung 9 zwischen dem dritten und dem vierten Kontaktstück 6, 7 wenigstens ein erster Schalter 10 und/oder Taster angeordnet ist. Dadurch ist bei Schaltgeräten 1 mit nur zwei Schaltstrecken die Möglichkeit einer Isolationsprüfung des ersten und zweiten Leiters LI, N zueinander möglich, wobei jedoch der Kontaktapparat eines derartigen Schaltgeräts 1 deutlich einfacher gestaltet werden kann, als bei einem Schaltgerät 1 gemäß der dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform, da die dritte Schaltstellung nicht erforderlich ist. Durch den ersten Schalter 10 kann die betreffende erste Leitung LI einfach unterbrochen werden.  In a development of a switching device 1 according to the invention, preferably as an alternative embodiment to the third preferred embodiment, it is preferably provided that at least one first switch 10 and / or button is arranged in a first connecting line 9 between the third and the fourth contact piece 6, 7. As a result, with switching devices 1 with only two switching paths, the possibility of insulation testing of the first and second conductors LI, N to each other possible, however, the contact apparatus of such a switching device 1 can be made much simpler than in a switching device 1 according to the third preferred embodiment, there the third switching position is not required. By the first switch 10, the relevant first line LI can be easily interrupted.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist weiters vorgesehen, dass in einer zweiten Verbindungsleitung 11 zwischen dem dritten Kontaktstück 6 und der Erdungsklemme 8 ein zweiter Schalter 12 angeordnet ist, und dass in einer dritten Verbindungsleitung 13 zwischen dem dritten Kontaktstück 6 und der Erdungsklemme 8 ein dritter Schalter 14 angeordnet ist. Dadurch kann weiters sehr einfach eine Isolationsprüfung zwischen dem ersten bzw. zweiten Leiter LI, N und Erde (Ground) durchgeführt werden.  In a further development of the invention is further provided that in a second connecting line 11 between the third contact piece 6 and the ground terminal 8, a second switch 12 is arranged, and that in a third connecting line 13 between the third contact piece 6 and the ground terminal 8, a third switch 14th is arranged. As a result, it is also very easy to carry out an insulation test between the first and second conductors LI, N and earth (ground).
Fig. 4 zeigt eine derartige bevorzugte vierte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts 1. Dabei sind der erste und der zweite Schalter 10, 12 einstückig ausgebildet. Neben dem dargestellten dritten Schalter 14, sind weiters eine vierte Verbindungsleitung 23 mit einem vierten Schalter 21, sowie eine fünfte Verbindungsleitung 24 mit einem fünften Schalter 22 dargestellt.  Fig. 4 shows such a preferred fourth embodiment of a switching device according to the invention 1. In this case, the first and the second switch 10, 12 are integrally formed. In addition to the illustrated third switch 14, a fourth connecting line 23 with a fourth switch 21, and a fifth connecting line 24 with a fifth switch 22 are further shown.
Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass der wenigstens eine erste Schalter 10 und/oder zweite Schalter 12 und/oder dritte Schalter 14, sowie weiters vorzugsweise der vierte Schalter 21 und der fünfte Schalter 22, vorgebbar und unabhängig von der Schaltstellung wenigstens des ersten und/oder zweiten beweglichen Schaltkontaktes 2, 4, insbesondere manuell, betätigbar ist bzw. sind. Weitere erfmdungsgemäße Ausführungsformen weisen lediglich einen Teil der beschriebenen Merkmale auf, wobei jede Merkmalskombination, insbesondere auch von verschiedenen beschriebenen Ausführungsformen, vorgesehen sein kann. It is preferably provided that the at least one first switch 10 and / or second switch 12 and / or third switch 14, and further preferably the fourth switch 21 and the fifth switch 22, predetermined and independent of the switching position of at least the first and / or second movable switching contact 2, 4, in particular manually, is operable or are. Further embodiments according to the invention have only a part of the features described, wherein each feature combination, in particular also of various described embodiments, can be provided.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Schaltgerät (1) mit einem ersten beweglichen Schaltkontakt (2), welcher in einer ersten Schaltstellung an einem ersten Kontaktstück (3) anliegt, und mit einem zweiten beweglichen Schaltkontakt (4), welcher in der ersten Schaltstellung an einem zweiten Kontaktstück (5) anliegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer zweiten Schaltstellung der erste bewegliche Schaltkontakt (2) an einem dritten Kontaktstück (6) anliegt und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt (4) an einem vierten Kontaktstück (7) anliegt, und dass das dritte Kontaktstück (6) und das vierte Kontaktstück (7) leitend verbunden sind. 1. Switching device (1) with a first movable switching contact (2) which rests in a first switching position on a first contact piece (3), and with a second movable switching contact (4), which in the first switching position on a second contact piece (5 ) is applied, characterized in that in a second switching position of the first movable switching contact (2) on a third contact piece (6) and the second movable switching contact (4) on a fourth contact piece (7) is present, and that the third contact piece (6 ) and the fourth contact piece (7) are conductively connected.
2. Schaltgerät (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dritte Kontaktstück (6) und das vierte Kontaktstück (7) leitend mit einer Erdungsklemme (8) verbunden sind. 2. Switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the third contact piece (6) and the fourth contact piece (7) are conductively connected to a grounding terminal (8).
3. Schaltgerät (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer dritten Schaltstellung der erste bewegliche Schaltkontakt (2) und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt (4) jeweils in einer kontaktfreien Position gehalten, insbesondere arretiert, sind. 3. Switching device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a third switching position of the first movable switching contact (2) and the second movable switching contact (4) each held in a non-contact position, in particular locked, are.
4. Schaltgerät (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer ersten Verbindungsleitung (9) zwischen dem dritten und dem vierten Kontaktstück (6, 7) wenigstens ein erster Schalter (10) und/oder Taster angeordnet ist. 4. Switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in a first connecting line (9) between the third and the fourth contact piece (6, 7) at least a first switch (10) and / or buttons is arranged ,
5. Schaltgerät (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer zweiten Verbindungsleitung (11) zwischen dem dritten Kontaktstück (6) und der Erdungsklemme (8) ein zweiter Schalter (12) angeordnet ist, und dass in einer dritten Verbindungsleitung (13) zwischen dem dritten Kontaktstück (6) und der Erdungsklemme (8) ein dritter Schalter (14) angeordnet ist. 5. Switching device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that in a second connecting line (11) between the third contact piece (6) and the ground terminal (8), a second switch (12) is arranged, and in that a third connection line (13) between the third contact piece (6) and the ground terminal (8), a third switch (14) is arranged.
6. Schaltgerät (1) nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine erste Schalter (10) und/oder zweite Schalter (12) und/oder dritte Schalter (14) vorgebbar und unabhängig von der Schaltstellung des ersten und/oder zweiten beweglichen Schaltkontaktes (2, 4) betätigbar ist. 6. Switching device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one first switch (10) and / or second switch (12) and / or third switch (14) can be predetermined and regardless of the switching position of the first and / or second movable switching contact (2, 4) is actuated.
7. Schaltgerät (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und der zweite bewegliche Schaltkontakt (2, 4) mechanisch gekoppelt sind, insbesondere auf einer gemeinsamen Schaltwelle (27) angeordnet sind. 7. Switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first and the second movable switching contact (2, 4) are mechanically coupled, in particular on a common switching shaft (27) are arranged.
8. Schaltgerät (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste, zweite, dritte und vierte Kontaktstück (3, 5, 6, 7) verschiebefest in einem Gehäuse des Schaltgeräts (1) angeordnet sind. 8. Switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first, second, third and fourth contact piece (3, 5, 6, 7) are arranged fixed against displacement in a housing of the switching device (1).
9. Schaltgerät (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses als Fehlerstromschutzschalter ausgebildet ist. 9. Switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is designed as a residual current circuit breaker.
10. Schaltgerät (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses als Leitungsschutzschalter ausgebildet ist. 10. Switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that this is designed as a circuit breaker.
EP11719143.7A 2010-04-16 2011-03-25 Switching device Not-in-force EP2559047B1 (en)

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ATA626/2010A AT509835A3 (en) 2010-04-16 2010-04-16 switchgear
PCT/AT2011/000150 WO2011127497A1 (en) 2010-04-16 2011-03-25 Switching device

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CN103107040A (en) * 2013-01-17 2013-05-15 上海市电力公司 Earthing switch for 10 kilovolts (KV) capacitor whole set cabinet
TWI539773B (en) * 2014-03-25 2016-06-21 鴻海精密工業股份有限公司 Relay switching circuit

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US4806898A (en) * 1988-05-16 1989-02-21 Kearney-National, Inc. Polyphase interrupter responsive to single phase fault
DE19511736A1 (en) * 1994-04-18 1995-10-19 Abb Patent Gmbh Control panel with a three-pole circuit breaker arranged inside a control cabinet
JP3152118B2 (en) * 1995-07-27 2001-04-03 オムロン株式会社 Switch device
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PL2559047T3 (en) 2014-08-29
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AT509835A2 (en) 2011-11-15
WO2011127497A1 (en) 2011-10-20
US20120090975A1 (en) 2012-04-19

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