EP2557931A1

EP2557931A1 - Insecticide-comprising polymer material

Info

Publication number: EP2557931A1
Application number: EP11714058A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Maren Heinemann; Thomas Böcker; Karin Horn; Guenther Nentwig; Rainer Sonneck; Thomas König
Original assignee: Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH
Current assignee: Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH
Priority date: 2010-04-15
Filing date: 2011-04-13
Publication date: 2013-02-20
Also published as: US20150181866A1; BR112012026360A2; AP3443A; US9185907B2; KR20130059338A; AP2013006737A0; US20110256195A1; JP5913286B2; CN102984944B; MX336349B; TWI542283B; WO2011128380A1; CN102984944A; US9011889B2; IL222352A0; MX2012011946A; EP2377399A1; JP2013531612A; TW201201699A; CO6650408A2

Abstract

The present invention relates to an insecticide-comprising polymer material which comprises at least one embedded insecticidal active substance in the polymer matrix and which has outstanding biological activity, and to the product prepared from this polymer and their use for protecting humans, animals and plants against arthropods, in particular for controlling insects.

Description

Insecticide-containing polymer material

The present invention relates to an insecticide-containing polymer material containing at least one embedded insecticide active ingredient in the polymer matrix and having excellent biological activity, and the products made from this polymer and their use for the protection of human, animal and plant against arthropods, especially for control of insects.

It has long been known that people can be protected from arthropod bites by insecticide-coated bed nets as they sleep. This is especially important in countries where the arthropods transmit diseases (for example, malaria). Coated fabrics can also be used as curtains in front of windows or doors to combat arthropods entering homes. Covering vegetables or fruits with coated tissues for protection against arthropods is also known. In this way, the contamination of the later eaten plant parts with insecticides can be minimized.

Thermoplastic materials which contain insecticidal active substances are known from the prior art.

The known materials for nets are essentially polyesters, especially polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene, which, however, have only a limited durability (especially polyester) and partly on contact as unpleasantly brittle felt surfaces (especially polyethylene) have. It would therefore be desirable to develop materials based on other, longer lasting, more mechanically demanding polymers.

For example, WO-A2 2008/004711 discloses reticulated insecticidal materials based on polyolefins such as polyethylene and / or polypropylene. Suitable insecticidal agents are called pyrethroids. The preparation of the insecticidal material is accomplished by melt-compounding the thermoplastic polymer with the insecticide and then extruding the material.

WO-A 2008/032844 also describes an insect repellent material obtained by melt-spinning a mixture of insecticide and polyethylene. Possible insecticides are called pyrethroids.

The use of polypropylene is also known from insecticide evaporator plates (eg WO 97/29634, WO 99/01030, WO 05/044001). In this case, an insecticidal active ingredient is embedded in a polypropylene matrix and released by heating to over 100 ° C in a short time to eg to treat a room. A use at room temperature and the use in long-acting materials is not described there, nor the combination with additives.

However, a disadvantage of the materials known from the prior art is that they meet the criteria of the WHOPES guideline (see "Guidelines for laboratory and field testing of long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets", 2005, http://www.who.int / whopes / guidelines / en /) for insecticide-containing, long-acting mosquito nets only up to 20 washes, which means that such materials lose their active biological properties during washing and therefore after about 20 wash cycles their biological effectiveness.

The loss of active substance from an active-substance-containing fabric, for example from an insecticide-treated net, can be described by a retention index (see: Report of the Eleventh WHOPES Working Group Meeting, WHO, HQ, Geneva, 10. 13 December 2007, Annex 1), where the polymeric material is repeatedly subjected to a treatment as defined in the WHOPES guideline.

According to the WHOPES-Guideline after Phase I, the tested textiles have to show a certain biological effectiveness after 20 washes. Thus, either the knock-down after 60 minutes must be between 95% and 100% or the mortality after 24 hours between 80% and 100%. The occurrence of the so-called knock-down after the application of insecticides to mosquitoes is considered the first visible proof of their effectiveness: the mosquitoes can no longer move in a coordinated manner, no longer fly or run and usually fall on their backs, but without being dead ,

Before treatment and following treatment, the drug content of the polymer-drug mixture is determined. The retention index after n treatments is calculated from the nth root of the quotient of the drug content after n treatment divided by the drug content before the treatment. For fabrics used for vector control, it is desirable that the retention index be greater than 95% to ensure adequate biological efficacy even after 35 wash cycles. The polymeric insecticide-containing materials known from the prior art have too low values (between 50 and 90%) after 5 washes in the determination of the retention index, which indicates an effectiveness of the material only for a smaller number of washes and thus ensure a shorter useful life. Another problem is that when the active ingredient deltamethrin is used during storage of the insecticidal polymer material or nets made therefrom for 2 weeks at 54 ° C, conversion of the desired Sa isomer into the undesired Ra isomer occurs.

It is an object of the present invention to provide new polymeric, insecticide-containing materials, in particular based on polypropylene, which, even after storage, preferably for 2 weeks at 54 ° C., have sufficient stability of the active ingredient such that a sufficient effectiveness of the material is ensured. It was also an object of the present invention to provide an insecticidal, reticulated polymeric sheet which meets the requirements of the aforementioned WHOPES Directive. In addition, the amount of the active ingredient component to be used should be kept as low as possible without affecting the insecticidal activity. Furthermore, it is desirable to have a fast-acting insecticidal action, a uniform release of the active substance and the simplest possible and cost-effective production.

These objects are achieved by the polymeric insecticide-containing material according to the invention and the insecticide-containing reticular, polymeric fabrics produced therefrom.

The present invention thus provides an insecticide-containing polymer material containing deltamethrin and a UV stabilizer, characterized in that the material has a proportion of Ra isomer of deltamethrin of less than 10%, preferably less than 8%, particularly preferably less than 6%. having. Most preferably, the proportion of R-a isomers is between 0 and 5%.

The subject matter of the present invention is also a reticulated fabric based on the insecticidal polymer material according to the invention.

According to the WHOPES guideline (phase I), such a net-type fabric containing the polymer material according to the invention has a knock-down after 60 minutes between 95% and 100 after at least 25, preferably at least 30 and more preferably at least 35 washings have been carried out %) or a mortality after 24 hours between 80%> and 100%.

Moreover, after at least 5 washes according to the WHOPES report, the reticulated fabrics containing the polymer material according to the invention have a retention index r of the formula (I) r ⁼ nj {t _n / t ₀ ) (I) in which t _n = total active ingredient after n washes (g / kg), t ₀ = total active ingredient after 0 washes (g / kg) and n = number of washes, of at least 95%.

The reticulated fabric containing the polymer material according to the invention preferably has a regeneration time of less than 24, preferably less than 8, more preferably less than 2 hours (tested according to the WHOPES guideline (phase I).

According to the present invention, the "WHOPES Directive" is understood to mean the guideline "Guidelines for laboratory and field testing of long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets" (2005), which is available at the following Internet address: http://www.who.int/whopes/ guidelines / en /.

According to the WHOPES guideline, a "wash" is defined as follows: a net-like sheet (25 cm x 25 cm) in a 1 liter beaker with 0.5 liters of deionized water and 2 g / 1 "Savon de Marseille" side (pH 10 11), which is dissolved completely in deionized water shortly before the addition of the reticulated area. After adding the net-like fabric, the beaker is immediately placed in a 30 ° C water bath and shaken for 10 minutes at 155 movements per minute. The reticulated sheets are then removed from the beaker and rinsed twice for 10 minutes each with pure, deionized water with the same shaking as previously mentioned. Thereafter, the net-like sheets are dried at room temperature and stored between the washings at 30 ° C in the dark.

According to the invention, the term "knock-down" refers to a condition of an animal in back or lateral position, which is still capable of uncoordinated movement up to short flight.

According to the invention, the term "mortality" refers to an immovable state of an animal in the supine or lateral position.

According to the invention, the term "regeneration time" refers to the time that elapses until the original effectiveness is reached again.

Polymeric materials to be used according to the invention are polypropylene and polypropylene copolymers. Polypropylene is preferably used. From the prior art are a variety of polypropylenes known. In principle, the polypropylenes can be differentiated according to the type of synthesis. The majority of the polypropylenes are prepared in the presence of Ziegler-Natta catalysts by the suspension process or, in particular, by the so-called gas-phase process (see Kaiser "Kunststoffchemie für Ingenieure", pages 246 to 254.) Special catalysts such as metallocenes can also be used in the gas-phase process The melting points of the polypropylenes prepared with metallocene catalysts are generally significantly lower than those of the polypropylenes available with conventional heterogeneous catalyst systems Crystallinity of the metallocene polypropylenes, which generally have melting points between 135 and 150 ° C. The use of metallocenes as catalysts for the synthesis of polypro Pylene also allows better stereospecific polymerization, ie the tacticity of the polypropylenes and thus the properties can be controlled better. The polypropylenes catalyzed by using metallocenes have a narrower molecular weight distribution, ie they contain virtually no more heptane-soluble portions.

In addition to the type of catalyst used in the synthesis, polypropylenes can also be distinguished according to the spatial arrangement of the side groups of the carbon main chain. A distinction is made in isotactic, atactic and syndiotactic polypropylene, which forms can also occur in mixtures. Polypropylene having a predominantly isotactic structure is preferably used for the insecticide-containing polyolefin material according to the invention.

A further distinction of polypropylenes can be made on the basis of the respective fields of application. For example, the properties of the polymers are specially adapted to the requirements of injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, pressing, calendering and melt spinning. For the insecticide-containing polymer material according to the invention, preference is given to using polypropylenes which are provided for the melt-spinning process for the production of filaments, fibers and spunbond webs. Particularly preferred are polypropylenes which can be used for the production of multifilament fibers having a low denier of 50 to 150 denier. These are eg polymers with the brand name Metocene ^® and mop len ^® (Fa. LyondellBasell, Netherlands), Repol ^® (Reliance Industries Limited, India), Yuplen ^® (SK corporation South Korea), Seetec ^® (LG Chemical, South Korea) and Achieve ^® (ExxonMobil Chemical Company, USA) is very particularly preferred metallocene-catalyzed polypropylenes are used, such as Metocene ^® HM562S, melting temperature 145 ° C (Fa. LyondellBasell, Netherlands) and Achieve ^® 3845 (ExxonMobil Chemical Company, USA). In the preparation of the polymer materials used, additives can be added which are incorporated into the polymer to stabilize or improve the processing properties. Suitable additives include alkylated monophenols, alkylthiomethylphenols, hydroquinones, tocopherols, hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers, Alkylidenbisphenole, O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds, hydroxybenzylated malonates, aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds, triazine compounds, acylaminophenols, esters of ß- (3,5-di-tert -butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, esters of β- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, esters of β- (3 , 5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, amides of β- (3,5-di- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and aminic antioxidants. Thiosynergists, secondary antioxidants, phosphites and phosphonites can also be used.

Likewise, in the preparation of the polymer materials used, metal deactivators, peroxide scavengers, basic costabilizers, nucleating agents, plasticizers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, viscosity modifiers, catalysts, leveling agents, optical brighteners, flame retardants, antistatic agents and propellants, benzofuranones and indolinones, fluorescent plasticizers, mold release agents, flame retardant additives, antistatic agents such as sulfonate salts, pigments and organic and inorganic dyes, as well as compounds containing epoxy groups or anhydride groups can be used.

The present invention is a process for preparing the insecticidal polymer material according to the invention, characterized in that first the polymer to be used, preferably polypropylene, deltamethrin and a UV stabilizer and optionally further insecticides or additives together or separately at temperatures between 120 and 250 ° C, preferably 150 and 230 ° C are melted and then the cooling and solidification of the polymeric mixture takes place and their division into granules.

In addition to the insecticides, UV stabilizers (ie UV absorbers and / or light stabilizers) may preferably be used in an amount of from 0.01 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.03 to 8% by weight, based on the total composition of the composition insecticide-containing polymer material are used. UV absorbers and light stabilizers suitable for carrying out the process are, for example, 2- (2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, acrylates, nickel compounds, sterically hindered amines, oxamides, 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl ) -l, 3,5-triazines and mixtures of the compounds mentioned. Preferably, no sterically unhindered amines are used as UV stabilizers, but 2- (2'- Hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, acrylates, nickel compounds, oxamides, 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -1, 3,5-triazines and mixtures of the compounds mentioned. Particularly preferred are triazine compounds and butrimezole. Very particular preference is given to phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -6-dodecyl-4-methyl, branched and linear (CA S 1 25304-04-3) and 2- (5-chloro-2H benzotriazole-2-yl) -6- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-methyl-phenol (CAS 3896-11-5).

The melting of the polymer material to be used takes place, for example, in a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, a multi-screw extruder or a co-kneader. As a single-screw extruder, it is possible to use, for example, smooth-bore or slot-nut extruders or a transfer mix. A groove bushing extruder is preferred.

Twin-screw extruders can be designed either in the same or in opposite directions. The twin-screw extruders can continue to be tightly combing or tangent. Preference is given to a tight meshing, co-rotating design. Multi-screw extruders have at least three shafts, preferably four to twelve. The shafts can be arranged in pairs tightly meshing, each pair of shafts are arranged tangentially and in opposite directions to each other. Furthermore, the shafts of a multi-screw extruder can all be arranged in the same direction, each shaft engaging in two adjacent shafts. A special form of the multi-screw extruder is the planetary roller extruder, in which a driven central spindle drives freely rotating Planetsprindeln, which in turn circulate in a solid housing. Central spindle, planetary spindles and housing have a gear toothing.

With particular preference, a densely meshing, co-rotating twin-screw extruder is used for the process according to the invention. The structure of the extruder screw is adapted to the respective application.

At room temperature solid insecticides, UV stabilizers and other additives are preferably metered together with the starting polymer granules in the feeder of the extruder. In another preferred embodiment, solid insecticides, UV stabilizers and other additives are melted at room temperature and metered in liquid. The extruder housings are tempered at 4 to 250 ° C. The extruder housing at the inlet of the extruder is preferably cooled to 4 to 50 ° C. The remaining extruder housings are preferably tempered to 100 to 250 ° C and more preferably to 140 to 250 ° C. In the extruder, the polymer and, depending on the melting point, also the insect tizid and the UV stabilizer melted and mixed. The mixture is extruded through a well known to the expert hole die and granulated. The additives may also include other inorganic or organic fillers such as organic pigments, titanium dioxide, carbon black or talc. The residence times during melting and mixing, in which the polymer is liquid, are between 3 and 300 seconds, preferably between 5 and 120 seconds and more preferably between 8 and 30 seconds.

In this case, the mixture of the insecticide and the UV stabilizer and other additives can be carried out with the molten polymer in the same apparatus in which the melting of the polymer takes place, or in another apparatus. For the mixture, all the above extruder are suitable. Another possibility is to mix the insecticide and optionally the additives in a static mixer with the polymer. Preferably, the mixture is carried out with a static mixer.

If the insecticide or additives are added in liquid form, they are usually melted down and temporarily stored in a storage container from which it is then conveyed into the mixing apparatus. The promotion can be done for example via a pump or an elevated form. The temperature of the receiver is chosen so that the insecticide is stable and the viscosity of the insecticide is sufficiently small to be well pumpable. It is advantageous in this case, the heating of the storage container, the pump and all lines. Dosing into the mixing apparatus preferably takes place via a needle valve. The metered amount of insecticide is preferably determined by a suitable mass flow meter, e.g. according to the Coriolis principle or according to the hot-wire principle, measured and regulated by the pump or a valve for minor deviations.

In-room liquid insecticides are added to the already molten polymer in a process zone of the extruder via a needle valve. Depending on the viscosity and melting point of the insecticide, the insecticides, UV stabilizers and other additives or their mixture are heated to.

After mixing, in a preferred embodiment, cooling and solidification of the polymer materials and division into granules takes place. This can be done, for example, according to the current strand granulation process in which endless strands are formed on one or more nozzles, which are then cooled in air or water, solidified and then crushed in a granulator to the desired size. Suitable nozzles are known to the person skilled in the art. Another method is an underwater granulation in which the Melt emerges from the nozzle under water, there cut by a rotating knife and then cooled in water, then sieved and dried. Another method is water ring granulation, in which the polymer is cut in air in molten state and then centrifuged for cooling in a rotating water ring. Particularly preferred are the underwater granulation method and the strand granulation method.

The present invention also relates to granules containing the insecticide-containing polymer material according to the invention.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, only polymer material produced by the mixing process is supplied to a subsequent processing process. The amount of insecticide in a simple mixing process is 0.05 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 10 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.4 to 8 wt .-%, based on the total mass.

In a further embodiment, a polymer material having an increased concentration of an inseptic agent in granule form is prepared (a so-called masterbatch) and fed to a subsequent processing process in a mixture with untreated polymer. In this case, the concentration of insecticide in the masterbatch polymer material according to the invention is increased, preferably to a concentration between 3 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably 5 to 15 wt .-% based on the total mass.

In a further embodiment, the polymer material according to the invention is prepared in a first step as a masterbatch, which in turn is further processed by melting and mixing with untreated polymer and possibly other additives to form a polymer material according to the invention, which is obtained in the form of granules.

The subsequent processing process may be, for example, that the resulting granules of the polymer material according to the invention in a processing step to moldings such as films, bubble films, films, profiles, sheets, wires, threads, tapes, cable and pipe linings, housings for electrical equipment ( eg in control boxes, airplanes, refrigerators etc.). Preferably, films are produced in an extrusion process. These films can be produced in one or more layers. The person skilled in the art knows methods with which multilayer films can be produced. These include, for example, coextrusion or laminating. Preference is given to a multilayer film which consists of a layer of material according to the invention and of one or more layers of other material. These other materials may be, for example, polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE) or polyethylene copolymers, polypropylene, adhesion mediators such as, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyisocyanate, lyamid, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, cellophane, polylactide, cellulose acetate, or blends of these polymers. These polymers may be in pure form or as blends and may contain additives and other inorganic or organic fillers such as organic pigments, titanium dioxide, carbon black or talc.

Particularly preferably, the subsequent processing process is that the insecticide-containing polymer material is further processed in a subsequent spinning process into fibers, yarns, filaments or threads.

Deltamethrin is preferably used as the insecticidally active substance for the polymer material according to the invention. However, it is also possible that further insecticidal agents are added. Suitable additional insecticides are those from the classes of organophosphates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and carbamates.

The organophosphates include e.g. Acephates, azamethiphos, azinphos (-methyl, -ethyl), bromophospheth-ethyl, bromfenvinfos (-methyl), butathiofos, cadusafos, carbophenothion, chloroethoxy-fos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos (-methyl / -ethyl), coumaphos, Cyanofenphos, cyanophos, chlorfenvinphos, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulphon, dialifos, diazinon, dichlofenthione, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoates, dimethylvinphos, dioxabenzofos, disulphoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, etrimfos, famphur, fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fensulfothion, Fenthion, Flupyrazofos, Fonofos, Formothion, Fosmethilane, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Iodofenphos, Iprobenfos, Isazofos, Isofenphos, Isopropyl O-salicylates, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methacrifos, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos , Naled, ethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion (-methyl / -ethyl), phenthoates, phorates, phosalones, phosmet, phosphamidone, phosphocarb, phoxim, pirimiphos (-methyl / -ethyl), profenofos, propaphos, propenamphos , Prothiofo s, Prothoate, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Pyridathion, Quinalphos, Sebufos, Sulfotep, Sulprofos, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Triclorfon, Vamidothion.

The pyrethroids include, for example, acrinathrin, allethrin (d-cis-trans, d-trans), beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin-S-cyclopentyl isomer, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, biorethrin, chlovaporthrin, cis- Cypermethrin, cis-resmethrin, cis-permethrin, clocythrine, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin (alpha-, beta-, theta-, zeta-), cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin (IR-isomer), esfenvalerate, etofenprox, Fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenpyrrithrine, fenvalerate, flubrocythrinates, flucythrinates, flufenprox, flumethrin, fluvalinate, foubprox, gamma-cyhalothrin, imiprothrin, kadethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, metofluthrin, permethrin (cis-, trans-), phenothrin (lR-trans isomer), prallethrin, profuthrin, protrifenbute, pyres- methrin, resmethrin, RU 15525, silafluofen, tau-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, terallethrin, tetramethrin (-1R isomer), tralomethrin, transfluthrin, ZXI 8901 and pyrethrin (pyrethrum). Beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, deltamethrin and transfluthrin are preferred according to the invention. Especially preferred according to the invention are beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, permethrin (cis-, trans-) and transfluthrin.

The neonicotinoids include e.g. Acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, nithiazines, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam. Preferred according to the invention are imidacloprid and clothianidin.

The carbamates include, for example, alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, allyxycarb, aminocarb, bendocarb, benfuracarb, bufencarb, butacarb, butocarboxime, butoxycarboxime, carbaryl, carboofuran, carbosulfane, cloethocarb, dimetilane, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, fenothiocarb, formetanates, furathiocarb , Isoprocarb, metam-sodium, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, promecarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, trimethacarb, XMC, xylylcarb and triazamates. Bendiocarb and carbaryl are preferred according to the invention. Other insecticidal agents include DDT, Indoxacarb, Nicotine, Bensultap, Cartap, Spinosad, Camphechlor, Chlordane, Endosulfan, Gamma-HCH, HCH, Heptachlor, Lindane, Methoxychlor, Acetoprole, Ethiprole, Fipronil, Pyrafluprole, Pyriprole, Vaniliprole, Avermectin, Emamectin , Emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, milbemycin, diofenolan, epofenonane, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, pyriproxifen, triprene, chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenocide, tebufenozide, bistrifluron, chlorofluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron , Hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, penfluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron, buprofezin, cyromazine, diafenthiuron, azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxides, chlorfenapyr, binapacyrl, dinobutone, dinocap, DNOC, fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyri - Taben, Tebufenpyrad, Tolfenpyrad, Hydramethylnon, Dicofol, rotenone, Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim, Bacillus thuringiensis strains, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, Sp Irotetramat, 3- (2,5-dimethylphenyl) -8-methoxy-2-oxo-1-azaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (also known as: Carbonic acid, 3- (2, 5-dimethylphenyl) -8-methoxy-2-oxo-1-azaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl ester, CAS Reg. No .: 382608-10-8), flonicamide, amitraz, Propargite, flubendiamide, rynoxapyr, chloranthraniliprole, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, thiosultap-sodium, azadirachtin, bacillus spec, beauveria spec, codlemone, metarrhicon spec, paecilomyces spec, thuringiensin, verticillium spec, aluminum phosphide, methylbromide, sulfuryl fluoride, cryolite, flonicamid, pymetrozine, Clofentezine, etoxazole, hexythiazox, amidoflumet, benclothiazole, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, buprofezin, quinomethionate, chlordimeform, chlorobenzilate, chloropicrin, clothiazoben, cycloprenes, cyflumetofen, dicyclanil, fenoxacrim, fentrifanil, flubenzimines, flufenerim, flotenzin, Gossyplure, Hydramethylnone, Japonilure, Metoxadiazone, Petroleum, Piperonyl butoxide, Kaliomoleate, Pyralidyl, Sulfluramid, Tetradifon, Tetrasul, Triarathene and Verbutin.

The insecticides mentioned can be used individually or in mixtures.

Preferred insecticides are beta-cyfluthrin, permethrin (cis-, trans-), transfluthrin, bendiocarb, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, ethiprol, fipronil, rynoxapyr, chlorpyriphos-methyl, chlorfenapyr. Particularly preferred are beta-cyfluthrin, transfluthrin, bendiocarb, clothianidin, ethiprol and rynoxapyr.

The concentration of the insecticidally active agents can be varied in the polymer material in a relatively broad concentration range of e.g. 0.05 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 10 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.4 to 8 wt .-% are varied. Depending on the field of application, the concentration should be selected in such a way that the requirements with respect to insecticidal activity, durability and toxicity are met. An adaptation of the properties of the material can also be achieved by mixing insecticides in the polymer material, by veneering materials according to the invention containing different insecticides or by using materials according to the invention which contain different insecticides used in combination with each other, eg as mosaic networks. In this way tailor-made textile fabrics can be obtained.

The present invention is a process for the production of filaments, fibers, threads and yarns, characterized in that the inventive insecticide-containing polymer mersematerial is first melted, formed into filaments and cooled, the resulting filaments are passed over a stretching line and stretched and optional Subsequently, the fixation of the filaments, fibers, threads and yarns takes place.

Preferably, a spin finish is used in this process during spinning.

The filaments or filaments are produced after the mixing process by melt spinning such as e.g. described in DE-A 41 36 694 (page 2, Z. 27 - 38, p. 5, Z. 45 - p. 6, Z. 23) or DE-A 10 2005 054 653 ([0002]). In this process, the prepared insecticidal polymer is melted in a single-screw extruder and forced through a nozzle plate by means of a gear pump. The nozzle plate is preceded by a filter pack. The polymer strands emerging from the die plate are drawn at high speed, provided with a spin finish (also called spin finish) and wound up.

The melt spinning process comprises the steps: 1 Preparation of the spinning melt

2. melt spinning

3 cooling

4 application of spin finish

5 tests

6. Post-treatment

The fibers are produced from the molten polymer material according to the invention by the known melt spinning method. Preference is given to processes for the production of monofilament fibers, multifilament fibers, nonwovens, hollow fibers, staple fibers, multi-component fibers and very fine fibers embedded in a matrix. Particularly preferred is the production of multifilament fibers.

In step (1), the inventive polymer material produced by the mixing process is melted at temperatures of at least 10 ° C below the decomposition temperature and at least 5 ° C above the melting point of the polymer material and conveyed without cooling to the spinneret pack. Preferably, the polymer material is melted and spun at a temperature below 250 ° C, more preferably below 235 ° C.

The fiber production can be carried out in one stage by the polymer material is supplied to the spinning process immediately after mixing in melt form. In the same way, a two-stage procedure is possible, in which the previously prepared granulate from the previously described polymer material is melted in a conveying extruder or a heatable piston and transported to the spinning pack.

In a preferred embodiment, the insecticide-containing polymer material according to the invention is fed into the spinning process immediately after mixing in melt form.

Particularly preferably, the insecticide-containing masterbatch polymer material according to the invention is mixed with an increased insecticide concentration during the spinning with pure polymer material. Preferably, only polypropylene is used as the polymer material, which was prepared with metallocenes as a catalyst. This mixing can be done in different ways. In one embodiment, the insecticide-containing polymer material and the additional polymer material are fed via two separate metering units to the single-screw extruder in which the materials are melted. In a further embodiment, the two polymer materials before being added to the single-screw extruder and then fed as a premix to the extruder. In a further embodiment, the insecticide-containing polymer and the uncharged polymer material are melted in two separate extruders and these two melt streams are then mixed together. The spinneret package consists of a known structure. The spinneret plate can have one to several thousand nozzle bores with conventional hole diameter for fiber production. After the Spinndüsenpaket the spun yarns pass through a cooling section, are provided with a spin finish and wound up or placed in pots. The cooling medium used is liquids or gases. The liquid used is water. Blowing ducts are used as dry cooling sections in which the filaments are cooled with cold air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide as the cooling gas.

During spinning, a spin finish is applied to the fibers. By applying the spin finish, the surface properties of the fibers are changed. Among other things, the spin finish serves to reduce the friction between metal and thread and between the threads with each other, as well as to reduce the antistatic charge of the fibers. The application of a spin finish is necessary for carrying out the melt spinning process. Without an adapted spin finish, it is not possible to wind up and unwind and process filament yarns. The person skilled in the art knows how to adapt a spin finish for this purpose. The person skilled in the art also knows spin finishes. The amount of non-aqueous components of the spin finish applied is from 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 1.5%, based on the total weight of the fiber.

The spin finish can be applied at the exit or entrance of the fiber line, the take-up / take-off machine, the rewinding machine and / or the blower shaft.

The spin finish or the mixture of spin finish and water can be applied to the fiber in different ways. In principle, the application by spraying, swapping, rollers, rods and pins is possible.

The spin finish can be dosed in one or two or more stages.

The wound-up or deposited spun threads can now be passed over a stretching unit, stretched and wound up as a smooth filament, or optionally crimped, fixed or cut into staple fibers.

The spinning and drawing processes are preferably carried out in a system without intermediate winding of the unstretched filaments. Suitable stretchers are for smooth multifilament lamente stretch-spun or stretch-wound or spun-winding machines, for monofilaments compact monofilament-spun-stretching machines, for staple-fiber drawing lines and compact spinning-line systems. The stretchers can be equipped with heated or z. T. not heated godets or drafting systems, and laying rollers, further with steam, hot air and infrared channels, Aviviervorrichtungen, crimping units, dryers, cutting units and other units. After the stretching process, all known equipment measures can be carried out, such as the application of a spin finish or a finish.

The fixing of the filaments or fibers is usually carried out on these systems after the stretching process. The fast-spun multifilaments can be draw-texturized on machines known for this purpose, and the drawn multifilaments are textured.

Multifilaments preferred according to the invention are those having 1 to 100 filaments, preferably 5 to 75 filaments, particularly preferably 10 to 60 filaments.

Likewise provided by the present invention are threads, yarns, fibers or filaments containing the insecticidal polymer materials according to the invention.

According to the invention, fibers having a denier of 1000 to 10 denier, preferably 500 to 20 denier, more preferably 200 to 50 denier are used.

The threads, yarns, fibers or filaments produced in this way, containing the polymer material according to the invention, can subsequently be further processed into any products, for example textile fabrics. Preferred are e.g. Fabrics, braids, knits, felts or nonwovens. Particularly preferred are net-like sheets such as e.g. Bed nets.

The production of fabrics and braids is done by two crossed at right angles thread systems (warp and weft). The knitwear can be made from one thread (single-thread knitwear) or constructed from several threads (warp-knit knitwear) according to the warp-thread technique. These fabrics are made on knitting or knitting machines. Furthermore, felts or nonwoven fabrics can be made from short threads or pieces of thread.

For the production of net-like fabrics by knitting and knitting process, the production of a so-called warp beam is required. The polymer threads are wound in the same length parallel to a coil, the so-called warp beam. In order to make the polymeric yarns more lubricious and durable during processing into a fabric, the yarns are often sizing, ie, a protective film of starch or synthetic sizing is coated. For sizing, a spool oil can be used which is applied during warp beam production to improve the bobbin properties during warp beam production and to reduce thread-to-yarn friction and metal-to-yarn friction. The reduction of friction is important both for the warp beam production and for the subsequent knitting process.

Prior to further processing (e.g., bleaching and dyeing), man-made fibers are generally washed because the man-made fibers contain small amounts of additives at the fiber surface. These are, in particular, the spin finishes described above, but also other additives, such as possibly applied finishes, are thereby removed. Various processes generally known to the person skilled in the art are available for this washing process. In some processes, the wash liquor is moved, in other fibers, the fabric is moved by the quiescent wash liquor. Possible methods are pulse scrubbers, jet scrubbers, washing on screening drums, padders and vacuum processes. On an industrial scale, continuous processes are preferred.

For polypropylene and polyethylene fibers, this process is not carried out according to the prior art processes, since fabrics of these polymers can not be dyed with a dyebath. This applies in particular to the production of mosquito nets, since in this case there is no further finishing of the textile fabric apart from the thermal fixation.

Surprisingly, however, it has been found that washing the reticulated fabric according to the invention with water and a detergent before the thermal fixing operation has a positive effect on the loss of insecticide during washing according to the WHOPES Directive. For the purpose of this washing operation, all of the washing methods described above (i.e., pulse scrubbers, jet scrubbers, screen drum washing, paddles, and vacuum methods) are applicable.

The fabric thus produced often has very elastic properties and is not dimensionally stable. It is not suitable in this form, in particular for the production of mosquito nets, since for this application special demands are placed on the shrinkage, which is determined according to DIN EN ISO 5077. For this reason, the implementation of a thermal fixation is preferred. The thermal fixation can be carried out with hot water, saturated steam or hot air or in a dry atmosphere. Preference is given to performing the thermofixation in a normal atmosphere without the addition of water or steam. For carrying out the thermal fixation, a continuous process is preferably used, in which the textile Sheet is fixed on a tenter and passed through an oven. This oven is preferably divided into several heating zones, which can be individually tempered. During the thermal treatment, the textile fabric can be mechanically stressed to varying degrees by stretching at the same time. This is done by pulling apart the two sides of the tenter in the fuser until the desired width of the fabric is achieved.

The temperature of the thermal fixing process for the reticulated fabric containing the polymer material according to the invention is selected to be 20 ° C., preferably 10 ° C. below the melting temperature of the polymer. Surprisingly, it has been found that thermal fixing a few degrees below the melting temperature of the polymer results in a reduction in the loss of the insecticide during a wash in soapy water.

In addition to the above-mentioned reticulated fabrics also threads, yarns, fibers or filaments can be subjected to the washing process according to the invention and the heat setting according to the invention. These materials then show the technical effects described according to the invention.

In addition to the surprisingly found effect of the fixing temperature on the release of the insecticide from the material according to the invention during washing according to the WHOPES guideline in soapsuds, the fixing temperature and the duration of the fixing process, which is determined by the speed at which the knitted fabric passed through the fixing oven, for changing the crystal structure in the polymer. DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) measurements are used to determine the crystal structure Differential Scanning Calorimetry is a method of measuring the crystallinity of polymers known to those skilled in the art A description of the method can be found, inter alia, in "Praxis der Thermischen Analyze von Kunststoffen", Ehrenstein, Riedel, Trawiel, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich 2003. In a measurement with a heating rate of At 10 K / min, the materials according to the invention have only a small proportion of crystal structures which melt above the preferred fixing temperature during the DSC measurement under conventional conditions For example, to produce the reticulated fabric according to the invention consisting of the polypropylene HM 562 S from Basell the Duration should be selected so that during a conventional DSC measurement at a heating rate of 10 K / min, the amount of crystal structures in the inventive material melting above 140 ° C, more than 62 J / g and preferably more than 65 J / g is. The insecticidal polymer materials or their derivatives of the present invention can be successfully used to kill harmful or annoying arthropods, especially arachnids and insects. The reticulated fabrics containing the insecticidal material according to the invention are preferably used for the production of bed nets for protection against mosquitoes.

The arachnids include mites (e.g., Sarcoptes scabiei, Dermatophagoides pteronys-sinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermanyssus gallinae, Acarus siro) and ticks (e.g., Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis, Argas reflexus, Ornithodorus moubata, Boophilius microplus, Amblyomma hebraeum, Rhipicephalus sanguineus). The sucking insects mainly include the mosquitoes (eg Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes vexans, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tarsalis, Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles stephensi, Mansonia titillans), butterfly mosquitoes (eg Phlebotomus papatasii), biting midges (eg Culicoides furens), black flies (eg Simulium damnosum), lynx (eg Sto-moxys calcitrans), tsetse flies (eg Glossina morsitans morsitans), brakes (eg Taba-nus nigrovittatus, Haematopota pluvialis, Chrysops caecutiens), flies (eg Musca domestica , Musca autumnalis, Musca vetustissima, Fannia canicularis), flies of flies (eg Sarpophaga carnaria), myiasis-producing flies (eg Lucilla cuprina, Chrysomyia chlorogyga, Hypoderma bovis, Hypoderma lineatum, Dermatobia hominis, Oestrus ovis, Gaste-rophilus intestinalis, Cochliomyia hominivorax), bugs (eg Cimex lectularius, Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma infestans), lice (eg Pediculus humanis, Haematop inus suis, Damalina ovis), fleas (e.g. Pulex irritans, Xenopsylla cheopis, Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephali felis) and Sand fleas (Tunga penetrans).

The biting insects mainly include cockroaches (eg Blattella germanica, Periplaneta americana, Blatta orientalis, Supella longipalpa), beetles (eg Sitiophilus granarius, Tenebrio molitor, Dermestes lardarius, Stegobium paniceum, Anobium punctatum, Hylotrupes bajulus), termites (eg Reticulitermes lucifugus), ants (eg Lasius niger, Monomorium pharaonis), wasps (eg Vespula germanica) and larvae of moths (eg Ephestia elutella, Ephestia cautella, Plodia interpunctella, Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Tineola bisselliella, Tinea pellionella, Trichophaga tapetzella). The materials according to the invention are preferably used against insects, above all the order Diptera and particularly preferably against the subordination Nematocera.

Likewise provided by the present invention is the use of the insecticidally-containing material according to the invention for the production of textile fabrics, such as fabrics, braids, Knitwear, felts, nonwovens and / or for the production of reticulated fabrics, such as bed nets, mosquito nets.

Another object of the invention relates to threads, yarns, fibers, filaments; net-like fabrics such as bed nets, mosquito nets; textile fabrics such as fabrics, braids, knits, felts, nonwovens; extruded components such as foils, bubble wrap films, films, profiles, sheets, wires, filaments, tapes, cable and pipe coverings and housings for electrical equipment.

Another object of the invention relates to an insecticide-containing polymer material which can be prepared by the methods described above.

In a further embodiment of the invention, filaments, fibers, threads and / or yarns are also protected, which can be produced by the methods described above.

Examples:

Test methods Biology Test insects

Female malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae, sensitive strain Kisumu), fed only with sugar water.

Three-minute exposure (cone test)

The tests were performed using WHO standard cones with a 3 minute exposure time to subsamples. The mesh pieces had a size of 30 x 30 cm. Five mosquitoes were placed under one cone at a time and four cones on a subsample were used. The same sample was then tested once more with four and once with two cones, i. 2.5 reps with a total of 50 mosquitoes.

After exposure, the insects were transferred to plastic cups of 10 animals each and the knock-down effect was determined after 60 minutes. This determines the first visible signs of onset and is characterized by the fact that the animals lose the coordination of their movements and can no longer fly or run. Sugar water was then added and mortality was determined after 24 hours. After the tests, averages were calculated.

Washing process according to WHOPES guideline

500 ml deionized water with 0.2% (w / v) detergent (Le Chat, Henkel, France) was placed in a 1 liter glass bottle at 30 ° C. A 30 x 30 cm piece of mesh or three 15 x 12 cm pieces of mesh were placed in the bottle which stood in a water bath at 30 ° C on a horizontal shaker (155 strokes per minute). Thereafter, the water was poured from the bottle and the sample was rinsed twice with 500 ml of water for 10 minutes also with shaking. The mesh samples were hung on a leash for two hours and then for at least 24 hours on aluminum foil at 27 ° C and 70-80% relative humidity before being washed again or biological activity evaluated. Analysis of Deltamethrin in Polypropylene Part A - Sample Preparation:

Approximately 1 g of material from a representative sample (yarn, tissue or granules) is placed in a 250 ml flask; then about 30 ml of xylene (PA grade) are added. The sample material is then dissolved under reflux (water-cooled column, 20 cm) and stirring (125 revolutions per minute, magnetic stirrer and stirring rod) at exactly 3 minutes in an oil bath at 190 ° C. After removing the oil bath, about 10 ml of isopropanol (PA grade) are added and the flask left to cool for about 5 minutes at room temperature to precipitate the polymer. Thereafter, the extract is made up with 30 ml of acetonitrile. The sample is then sucked off via a suction filter (analysis filter, 5 cm diameter) and the filtrate is then passed through a pleated filter (MN 715, 240 mm). Both filtrations are carried out with washing with in each case 10-20 ml of solvent (acetonitrile).

Finally, the filtrate is quantitatively transferred to a 100 ml volumetric flask and filled up to the calibration line with acetonitrile. Part B - Quantitative determination by HPLC with external standard:

Quantification of deltamethrin in polypropylene extract samples is performed by HPLC on an Agilent 1100 binary pump system. Target molecules of the analysis are deltamethrin and the R-alpha isomer. Reference materials will use certified analytical standards. The separation is carried out under normal-phase conditions on a Merck Lichrosorb SI 60 column (5 μ particles, dimensions 250 × 4 mm) at 40 ° C. column temperature.

The injection volume is 10 μΐ (sample preparation see part A above). The separation is carried out by means of a solvent mixture of N-heptane and methyl tert-butyl ether (950 + 50, HPLC grade) at a flow rate of 1 ml per minute. The duration is 10 minutes under these conditions. For UV detection at a wavelength of 230 nm, a diode array detector is used. The typical retention time is about 6.3 minutes for the Ra isomer and 7.0 minutes for the deltamethrin under the conditions described. Preparation of samples:

The preparation of the polymer materials according to the invention was carried out with a co-rotating, close-meshing twin-screw extruder with a screw diameter of 34 mm and a housing length of 1200 mm. The temperature of the extruder housing was 200 ° C in all steps and the extruder speed was 160 U / min. The feed zone of the extruder was cooled with water. In the extruder, a so-called masterbatch with a high concentration of deltamethrin was prepared. These were in the extruder 10 wt .-% deltamethrin technical (BCS AG, Monheim DE), 2 wt .-% Tinuvin ^® 326 FL (BASF (Ciba), Ludwigshafen, Germany) and 88 wt .-% polypropylene (metocene ^® HM562S LyondellBasell, Rotterdam, The Netherlands) (TK10). All materials were fed to the feed zone of the extruder in solid form. The mixture exited the extruder in the form of strands and the strands were cooled in a water bath. Subsequently, a comminution of the strands by granulation. The granules contained about 9.2 wt .-% deltamethrin.

In a second step, filaments were made with about 1.1 wt .-% of the above-prepared granules with deltamethrin 98.9 wt .-% pure polypropylene ^(® metocene HM562S or Yuplen ^® H 893 S (SK Corporation, Seoul, Korea) were diluted. For this purpose, the granules were dosed each in the feed zone of a single screw extruder and melted, and the two melt streams then combined and mixed. in the spinning of the spin finish Stantex ^® was 6051 (Pulcra Chemicals GmbH, Dusseldorf about 1 wt .-%, The fibers were then drawn and wound on bobbins, the thickness of the fibers was 210 dtex and the fibers consisted of 25 filaments, and in the second step the fibers were drawn to a thickness of 110 dtex Three pairs of godets were used to spread the fibers, and the godet temperature was 60, 80 and 120 ° C The density of the fibers was 4.3 cN / dtex and the residual elongation of the fibers was 51%.

The two polypropylenes used for the dilution differ, inter alia, in their preparation. The polypropylene metocene ^® HM 562S was produced using a metallocene catalyst cen while the PolypropylenYuplen ^® H 893 S was prepared with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Knitted fabrics were subsequently produced from the spun polypropylene fibers. For this purpose, a warp beam was first prepared in which the polypropylene fibers from the individual coils were wound parallel to a coil, the so-called warp beam. These warp beams were then used in a warp knitting machine for knitting. A portion of the untreated fabric was then fed to a bench scale heat setting process. This was a Mathis laboratory damper, type no. DHe 61599 used. Before heat-setting, part of the knitted fabric was washed once. For 1 to 2 mesh pieces of about 35 cm x 35 cm size, 300 ml of tap water at 30 ° C with 0.1% Tween ^® 20 (Sig- ma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Munich, Germany) and homogenised. With the aid of a glass rod, the pieces of mesh are stirred therein for 5 min, then wrung out and rinsed with 300 ml of demin water of about 15-20 ° C. (likewise with stirring) for 2 × 1 min. Then the mesh pieces are hung for drying for at least 1 h. Other fabrics were unwashed to the fi xing process. The fixing process was carried out at different temperatures.

Further, the atmosphere in which the heat-setting was performed was varied. The heat setting was carried out in a dry atmosphere or in a saturated with water vapor atmosphere.

The samples were evaluated for their biological effectiveness and their loss of deltamethrin. Subsequently, the washing procedure according to the WHOPES protocol was repeated several times and further evaluations of the biological effectiveness and the loss of deltamethrin.

Results

Example 1: Influence of the washing off of spin finish on the biological activity In this example, the polypropylene metocene ^® HM 562S used for the production of the fibers exclusively. That is, the dilution of the masterbatch during spinning was done with this polymer. The melting point of the polymer Metocen ^® HM 562S is 145 ° C according to the data sheet. Subsequently, a knitted fabric was made from the filaments according to the process described above. The knit pieces were heat set in a steam atmosphere at different temperatures for 90 seconds. One half of the knitted fabric was washed before the heat setting according to the procedure described above to remove the spin finish present on the fibers, the other half of the knitted fabric was not further treated prior to heat setting. On the threads of these Gewirkstücke the spin finish was still present. The knits were first tested for biological effectiveness according to the procedure described above. Subsequently, the Gewirkstücke were according to the Washing process described above according to WHOPES guideline 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 times consecutively and then each evaluated according to their biological effectiveness.

Table 1: Influence of the spin finish on the biological effect

The results show that washing off the spin finish prior to thermo-fixation achieves a significantly better biological effect after 15 washes according to the WHOPES guideline. The samples washed before thermo-fixation show a clear correlation between the temperature chosen during the thermo-fixation and the biological effectiveness. The closer the temperature is to the melting point of the polymer, the higher the biological effect.

The temperature during the thermal fixation must therefore be at most 20 ° C and preferably at most 10 ° C below the melting temperature of the polymer, so that maximum biological effectiveness is achieved.

Example 2: Influence of washing off of spin finish on the loss of deltamethrin

For Example 2, the same knitted fabrics were used whose preparation was described in Example 1. The samples were assayed for the deltamethrin content according to the procedure described above.

Table 2: Deltamethrin loss

Deltamethrin content Retention index

Temperature Number of times before after thermoiixieWHOPES ProtoThermoiixieThermoiixieThermoiThermoiixation collation warning unexpec tation unusual [° C] nice washing washable pro [-]

ben samples ne samples ben

110 0 100% 100%

120 0 100% 100%

130 0 100% 100%

140 0 100% 100%

110 5 64% 32% 91.4% 79.4%

120 5 69% 38% 92,8% 82,3%

130 5 79% 51% 95.3% 87.4%

140 5 82% 34% 96.0% 80.4%

110 10 53% 26% 93.8% 87.2%

120 10 57% 30% 94.5% 88.7%

130 10 63% 39% 95.5% 91.1%

140 10 84% 54% 98.2% 94.0%

110 15 52% 22% 95.8% 90.4%

120 15 59% 30% 96.5% 92.3%

130 15 61% 34% 96.8% 93.0%

140 15 79% 50% 98.5% 95.4%

110 30 43% 23% 97.2% 95.2%

120 30 49% 23% 97.6% 95.2%

130 30 53% 28% 97.9% 95.8% 140 30 63% 39% 98.5% 96.9%

The content of deltamethrin after heat-setting was set to 100%), and the fabric pieces were then examined for their deltamethrin content after 5, 10, 15 and 30 washes according to the WHOPES protocol.

The results show that the temperature during the heat-setting must be at most 20 ° C. and preferably at most 10 ° C. below the melting temperature of the polymer so that the loss of deltamethrin from the knitted fabric according to the invention is as low as possible.

Example 3: Influence of washing off of spin finish on the stability of the active ingredient during storage

For Example 3, the same knitted fabrics were used whose preparation was described in Example 1. The samples were tested immediately after preparation for drug stability after storage for 2 weeks at 54 ° C. These storage conditions simulate a minimum shelf life of 2 years. The storage took place in a drying oven Heraeus Thermo Scientifics type B620. The temperature of 54 ° C was monitored continuously. The mesh samples were packaged in aluminum foil for storage 2 to 4 ply.

The samples were stored for 2 weeks at 54 ° C and then examined according to the method described above in terms of their content of R-a isomer of deltamethrin:

Table 3: Proportion of R-a isomer after storage

The results show that by washing off the spin finish, the formation of Ra isomer can be reduced to less than 10% during storage. 4th example: Influence of the atmosphere

For Example 4, the same knits were used whose preparation was described in Example 1. The following table shows the influence of the thermosetting atmosphere on the loss of deltamethrin while performing washes according to the WHOPES guideline. The knitted pieces were all heat set at 140 ° C for 90 seconds. The atmosphere in the fixing oven was varied. One-half of the knits were heat-set in a normal atmosphere with no added water or steam (dry atmosphere) and the other knits were heat-set in the normal atmosphere in the presence of steam.

Table 4: Influence of the atmosphere during heat-setting

The results show that when using a dry atmosphere during thermosetting, the loss of deltamethrin during the washes according to the WHOPES guideline is lower. Example 5: Influence of Polypropylene Type on Biological Activity

In this example, the polypropylene metocene ^® HM 562S and the polypropylene Yuplen ^® H 893 S was used for the production of the fibers, that is, the dilution of the masterbatch during the spinning was carried out in each case with one of these polymers. Subsequently, a knitted fabric was made from the filaments according to the process described above. The knits were heat set in a dry atmosphere at different temperatures for 90 seconds. The tows were washed prior to heatsetting according to the procedure described above to remove the spin finish present on the fibers.

After heat setting, the knit samples were subjected to washes according to the WHOPES guideline 20 and tested for their biological effectiveness as described above. Table 5: Influence of the type of polypropylene on the biological activity after 20 washes

The results show that when using a polypropylene prepared with a metallocene catalyst, a higher biological effectiveness is achieved than when using a polypropylene prepared using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst.

Example 6: Influence of different UV stabilizers on the isomerization of deltamethrin

The preparation of the polymer materials according to the invention was carried out with a co-rotating, close-meshing twin-screw extruder with a screw diameter of 34 mm and a housing length of 1200 mm. The temperature of the extruder barrel was 200 ° C in all steps and the extruder speed was 160 rpm. The feed zone of the extruder was cooled with water. The total throughput was 20 kg / h.

In a first step, polymer granules were prepared with a concentration of 2% by weight of> deltamethrin. These 2> deltamethrin technical (BCS AG, Monheim DE) and 98 wt .-%> polypropylene (metocene ^® HM562S, LyondellBasell, Rotterdam, The Netherlands) were mixed in the extruder wt .-%. All materials were fed to the feed zone of the extruder in solid form. The mixture exited the extruder in the form of strands and the strands were cooled in a water bath. Subsequently, the shreds were crushed by granulation.

In the second step, polymer granules were prepared with 1 or 5 wt .-%> UV stabilizer. For this purpose (metocene ^® HM562S, LyondellBasell, Rotterdam, Netherlands) were added 1 wt .-%> or 5 wt .-%> of the UV stabilizer and 99 or 95 wt .-%> polypropylene mixed in the extruder. All materials were fed to the feed zone of the extruder in solid form. The mixture came out the extruder in the form of strands and the strands were cooled in a water bath. Subsequently, a comminution of the strands by granulation.

In the third step, the two previously prepared granules containing deltamethrin or UV stabilizer with polyproplene were mixed in the extruder such that a nominal concentration of 1 wt% deltamethrin and a concentration of the UV stabilizer of 0.2 wt% was reached (TKl). For this purpose, 50% of the granules were mixed with deltamethrin, 20% and 4% of the granules with UV stabilizer and 30% and 46% polypropylene in a tumble mixer and extruded this mixture with a co-rotating, close-meshing twin-screw extruder under the conditions mentioned above. The granule mixture was fed to the feed zone of the extruder in solid form. The mixture exited the extruder in the form of strands and the strands were cooled in a water bath. Subsequently, a comminution of the strands by granulation. The granules contained about 0.9 wt .-% deltamethrin.

Foils having a thickness of about 50 μm were produced from the polymer material according to the invention. For this purpose, the polymer material was first dried at 30 ° C for 4 to 17 hours. It was then melted in a single-screw extruder and extruded through a slot die. The temperature of the single-screw extruder was varied between 220 and 250 ° C. The extruded films were peeled off with a calender. The temperature of the first roller of the calender was about 85 ° C and the temperature of the second roller of the calender was about 60 ° C.

The following UV stabilizers were used in the experiments:

Table 6: UV stabilizers

The films were then analyzed for their deltamethrin content using the above analysis methods:

Table 7: content of R-a isomer

The results show that no sterically hindered amines may be used for UV stabilization in order to prevent isomerization of more than 10% of the deltamethrin in the further processing of the polymer materials according to the invention.

Example 7: State of the Art: Coated PET Networks

The insecticide-loaded network Permanet from Vestergaard Frandsen S.A., Switzerland was evaluated for the biological efficacy and content of deltamethrin. Subsequently, the washing procedure according to the WHOPES protocol was repeated several times and further evaluations of the biological effectiveness and the loss of deltamethrin.

The deltamethrin content of the net was determined in the same way as described for the polypropylene net.

Table 8: Content of deltamethrin and retention index

The insecticide-loaded network Permanet from Vestergaard Frandsen S.A., Switzerland, was tested for drug stability after storage for 2 weeks at 54 ° C. With these storage conditions, a minimum shelf life of 2 years is simulated. The samples were stored for 2 weeks at 54 ° C and then examined according to the method described above in terms of their content of R-a isomer of deltamethrin. A duplicate determination was made.

Table 9: content of R-a isomer

The results show that this commercially available network fulfills the WHO requirements for knock-down and mortality for only 15 washes and has a retention index of less than 95% after 5 washes. Furthermore, the content of Ra isomer after a storage of 2 weeks at 54 ° C is significantly more than 30%. 8. Example: State of the art: PE networks

The insecticide-laden nets NetProtect (bestNET EUROPE LTD., UK) and You- RANET ^® (Clarke Products, USA) were evaluated for their biological activity. Subsequently, the washing procedure was carried out several times according to the WHOPES protocol and further evaluations of the biological effectiveness.

Table 10: Biological activity

n.d. = not determined.

The results clearly show that the tested commercial networks based on polyethylene as fiber material no longer fulfill the WHOPES guideline regarding biological effectiveness after significantly less than 35 washes.

Claims

claims:

1. Insecticide-containing polymer material containing deltamethrin and a UV stabilizer, characterized in that the material has an R-α-isomer content of the deltamethrin of less than 10%.

2. Insecticide-containing polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that the material is polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer.

3. Insecticide-containing polymer material according to claim 2, characterized in that the polypropylene was prepared with metallocenes as catalyst.

4. A process for the preparation of the insecticidal polymer material according to any one of the Ansprechäche 1 to 3, characterized in that first the polymer to be used, deltamethrin and a UV stabilizer and optionally further insecticides or additives together or separately at temperatures between 120 and 250 ° C. are melted and then the cooling and solidification of the polymeric mixture takes place and their division into granules.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that are used as UV stabilizers sterically unhindered compounds.

6. Granules containing the insecticide-containing polymer material according to one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A process for producing filaments, fibers, threads and / or yarns, character- ized in that the insecticide-containing polymer material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or granules according to claim 6 is first melted, formed into filaments and cooled, the resulting filaments be carried out and stretched over a stretching machine.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the spinning a spin finish is used.

9. Use of the insecticidal polymer materials according to one of claims 1 to 3 or granules according to claim 6 for the production of films, bubble films, films, profiles, sheets, wires, threads, tapes, cable and pipe coverings and housings for electrical equipment.

10. Use of the insecticidal polymer materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or granules according to claim 6 for the production of textile fabrics such as fabrics, braids, knits, felts, nonwovens and / or for the production of reticulated fabrics such as bed nets, mosquito nets.

11. threads, yarns, fibers, filaments, reticulated fabrics such as bed nets, mosquito nets; textile fabrics such as fabrics, braids, knits, felts, nonwovens; Films, bubble films, films, profiles, sheets, wires, filaments, tapes, cable and pipe coverings and housings for electrical appliances, containing the insecticidal polymer materials according to one of Claims 1 to 3.

12. An insecticide-containing polymer material prepared by a process according to any one of claims 4 to 5.

13. filaments, fibers, threads and / or yarns produced by a method according to any one of claims 7 to 8.