EP2551027A1 - Method and device for drawing longitudinally welded tubes - Google Patents
Method and device for drawing longitudinally welded tubes Download PDFInfo
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- EP2551027A1 EP2551027A1 EP12177475A EP12177475A EP2551027A1 EP 2551027 A1 EP2551027 A1 EP 2551027A1 EP 12177475 A EP12177475 A EP 12177475A EP 12177475 A EP12177475 A EP 12177475A EP 2551027 A1 EP2551027 A1 EP 2551027A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- tube
- station
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- drawing stage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
- B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
- B21C1/24—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/0807—Tube treating or manipulating combined with, or specially adapted for use in connection with tube making machines, e.g. drawing-off devices, cutting-off
- B21C37/0811—Tube treating or manipulating combined with, or specially adapted for use in connection with tube making machines, e.g. drawing-off devices, cutting-off removing or treating the weld bead
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for drawing longitudinally welded pipes according to the features in the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a corresponding method according to the features in the preamble of patent claim 7.
- the state of the art is the DE 35 42 681 A1 to call a method for producing related quality tubes, wherein an inductive tube continuous annealing with rapid cooling under inert gas is preceded by a tube pulling device with integrated plug train.
- the aim is to improve the production of pipes (in line) without inner weld supernatant according to EN DIN 10305-2.
- Claim 1 relates to a device for pulling longitudinally welded pipes.
- the apparatus initially comprises a tube forming station, which is intended to form a tube from a strip material.
- the molded tube is welded in a welding station to form a tube.
- the opposing longitudinal edges of the strip material can be inductively welded together.
- the welding station is adjoined by a cooling station, in which the tube heated by the welding process is cooled and subsequently fed to a plurality of drawing stages connected in series, which are provided for diameter reduction.
- a drawing tool is provided which comprises a die and a flying inner mandrel. This inner mandrel is lubricated by supplying a lubricant.
- a lubricant lance brings the lubricant into a region in which the strip material is already welded to form a tube.
- the lubricant lance extends through the welding station in the production direction of the production line, with the region of the lubricant introduction lying in or behind the cooling station.
- the area of the lubricant introduction coincides in particular with an end-side opening in the lubricant lance.
- the lubricant lance is therefore already arranged in the region of the tube forming station, before the strip material is welded to the tube, opening into the tube and extends relatively deep into the tube.
- the lubricant lance conveys the lubricant so far into the pipe to be manufactured that there is a sufficient distance from the welding station.
- a supply of the lubricant in the area of the welding point or just behind it, would lead to smoke and could even lead to the ignition of the drawn oil used as a lubricant. This should / should therefore be avoided.
- the cooling station is in particular a water bath which cools the outside and thus also the inside of the tube.
- the oil temperature can be kept so low that it does not cause a disturbing smoke.
- the oil temperature is kept below 100 ° C. The exact temperature, however, depends on the grade and the specific viscosity of the lubricant,
- the lubricant lance preferably extends in the direction of production into the half of the cooling station facing away from the welding station. This ensures that the temperature on the inner walls of the longitudinally welded pipe has been reduced so far that no smoke is generated.
- the first drawing stage to be passed is a hollow tensile station for reducing the pipe diameter, the subsequent further drawing stage being provided for smoothing a weld seam of the pipe on the inside under the influence of the lubricating inner inner mandrel. Finally, in a further drawing stage in a pure hoist, so no inner pull with mandrel, a reduction to final dimensions.
- the first drawing stage thus serves for tube rounding.
- the first drawing stage includes not only a drawing tool, but also a first tube drawing drum around which the tube is passed. Due to the fact that the first drawing stage is a pure hollow draft for tube rounding, there is the effect that a draft on the pipe circumference is created by the train without intermediate annealing. This indentation results from the different drawing behavior of the hard longitudinal seam compared to the soft base material. This results in the subsequent train with internal mandrel the possibility einzuglätten the inwardly projecting longitudinal seam. In the rebound stage with internal mandrel, therefore, a reduction of the pipe wall preferably does not take place, but only a smoothing.
- the shaping of the inner mandrel by the inner mandrel takes place under the influence of the inner mandrel, but ultimately by the hydrodynamic lubrication, which is ensured by a permanent lubricant supply.
- the internal mandrel used is adapted to the requirements of hydrodynamic lubrication with regard to its geometry.
- the lubricant entrained by the drawn material due to its friction is brought by the specially designed inner mandrel to such high pressures in the annular gap between the pipe inner surface and the inner mandrel that it comes to a flattening of the longitudinal weld.
- an internal mandrel is used, which is made of a suitable hard material, such. Carbide, diamond, ceramic, tool steel.
- the inner mandrel can be provided with a suitable coating which specifically counteracts the wear in the start-up process characterized by mixed friction.
- the coating is able to overcome the range of mixed friction without negative buildup or abrasion Avoid the formation of grooves on the inner wall.
- the inner mandrel is in particular a carbide mandrel. It is also possible to use suitable steels which are extremely readily mouldable (composition of EN 10305). Special thermal finish annealing treatment can be used to meet mechanical characteristics that comply with this standard. These mandrels have a high stability.
- mandrel length refers to the outer diameter of the tube of about 15 mm.
- the inner mandrel is preferably mirror-symmetrical, so that it can cooperate by simply turning both sides of the die and thus is even longer usable.
- the inner mandrel already in the first drawing stage.
- the first drawing stage is therefore preceded by a calibration stage, which ensures the rounding of the longitudinally welded pipe.
- the reduction to the final dimension takes place by means of a purely hollow draw.
- the process step of annealing prior to reducing the tube to final dimension can be eliminated, making the overall manufacturing process significantly less expensive.
- the device for producing the cold-drawn tubes is thus less expensive to implement.
- the matrices of the drawing tools are assigned means for a rotary drive during the drawing process, wherein the speed of the die in a range greater than 800 and in particular greater than 1000 / min is. Due to these very high rotational speeds of the die and due to the tube speed certain relative speeds at the point of action between the pipe surface and the die. Since the only dependent on the coefficient of friction and the normal stress shear stress remains constant in magnitude but the direction of the voltage is changed, the friction component decreases in the pulling direction of the tube. This makes it possible to introduce additional frictional portions without causing the tubing to break. Thereby, the insertion of an inner tool, ie the inner mandrel, possible.
- the tubing string is moved on a slip film as it is being reduced within the drawing dies. So there is no direct metallic contact between the pipe string and the drawing tools instead.
- the coating of the flying inner mandrel contributes to this purpose, which is provided for this purpose over the entire length of the mandrel.
- coating material is e.g. Titanium carbon nitrite (TiCN) for use.
- Deviating from the prior art ( DE 25 58 671 A1 ) is provided in the device according to the invention that in the at least one mandrel no longitudinal bore is introduced, since a permanent lubricant supply for the inventive method can not otherwise be guaranteed safe.
- there is only a single flying inner mandrel because there is preferably only one drawing stage with inner cable.
- the inventive method is the subject of claim 6. It is based on a device as described above.
- a strip material is formed into a tube in a tube forming station. This will be in a welding station opposite each other Longitudinal edges of the formed strip material welded together.
- the tube passes through a cooling station, in particular in the form of a channel box. This is followed by several drawing stages arranged at intervals one behind the other, which are passed through in these overall continuous production processes. It is a production line.
- the pulling tool of a drawing stage comprises a die and a flying inner mandrel, which is lubricated by supplying a lubricant.
- a lubricant lance is arranged in the already longitudinally welded pipe, which introduces the lubricant deep into the pipe.
- the lubricant is introduced into the pipe only in or after the cooling station, i. H. in areas where smoke or inflammation of the lubricant can be excluded.
- the lubricant should therefore be introduced in an area in which the temperature of the lubricant does not exceed 100 ° C immediately after introduction into the tube.
- the lubricant is therefore preferably introduced into the tube in the second half of the cooling station. It is assumed that the lubricant exits the end of the lubricant lance.
- the tube is hollowed in a first drawing step and internally smoothed in a further drawing step under the action of the lubricating inner floating mandrel.
- This is possible in the invention, because the frictional stresses can be reduced, which is possible in particular by rotation of the die of one of the associated drawing tool in which it is rotated with more than 800 revolutions and in particular more than 1000 U / min about the longitudinal axis of the tubing ,
- a hollow draw can follow.
- Typical diameters for such a three-stage drawing operation are 16 mm after the first drawing stage, 14.98 mm after the second drawing stage and 12 mm after the third drawing stage with wall thicknesses of about 1.0 mm.
- Other Hohlzugt are possible to reduce the tube to a final diameter of 8 or 6 mm. It has been shown that this method in particular with Steels can be realized, which has a very low carbon content of 0.06 wt .-%.
- the tube is not drawn hollow in the first drawing stage, but smoothed on the inside by means of the lubricated flying inner mandrel. Since rounding prior to smoothening is now not accomplished by an upstream draw stage, a prior calibration of the tube is required for rounding. The calibration also serves to ensure that the weld is in a 12 o'clock position. If the first drawing stage already serves to smooth the weld, the second or at least one further subsequent drawing stage is provided as a pure hoist.
- FIG. 1 shows the device according to the invention in the form of a production line for drawing longitudinally welded pipes 1 in a continuous manufacturing process.
- the finished tube 1 is made of a strip material 2, which is formed in a tube forming station 3 to a tube 1.
- the opposite longitudinal edges of the strip material 2 are welded together in the subsequent welding station 4 to a longitudinally welded pipe 1.
- the heated by the welding process pipe 1 then enters a cooling station 5, which may be a water tank.
- the heated by welding tube 1 is cooled down before it is reduced in the drawing stages designated I to III by cold drawing to the desired final size.
- Each drawing stage I, II, III comprises a drawing drum 6, 7, 8, which allow the necessary tensile stresses to pull the tubing string through the pulling tool 9 and 10 located upstream of the drawing drum 6, 7, 8 respectively.
- the longitudinally welded pipe 1 is rounded.
- the tube 1 is thus pulled through a die 15.
- a lubricant lance 12 is provided for supplying lubricant 13 into the interior of the tube 1, which protrudes into the cooling station 5.
- the lubricant 13, as in FIG. 2 can be seen flowing in an area in the tube 1, in which it can not come to a smoke or inflammation of the lubricant 13.
- This is the case in particular in the rear half of the cooling station 5, since here the temperature of the tube inner side 16 has been cooled down to less than 100 ° C, so that the lubricant 13 immediately after insertion into the tube 1 through an end opening in the lubricant lance 12 is also kept below 100 ° C.
- FIG. 2 shows in enlarged scale the area A of FIG. 1 , ie the drawing stage II, in which an inner draw takes place by means of the inner mandrel 11.
- the inner mandrel 11 is a substantially cylindrical body whose ends are adapted to the réellegeoometrie a rotating die 15.
- the inner spine 11 is characterized by a relatively long cylindrical central part. The length of this central part is many times greater than the diameter of the pipe to be pulled 1. This forms a hydrodynamic lubricant film 14 between the inner mandrel 11 and the inner side 16 of the tube 1 from.
- this can be rotated by 180 °. He is trained symmetrically.
- a hydrodynamic lubricant film 14 is essential for reducing the coefficients of friction, so that the tube 1 can be deformed in the area of the die 15 at all.
- a corresponding lubricant reservoir 17 is formed in front of the inner mandrel 11.
- By forming lubricant film 14 is an inside smoothing of the weld of the longitudinally welded pipe 1. The wall thickness of the tube 1 is not reduced here.
- the die 15 As a further measure for reducing the frictional stresses is provided to rotate the die 15 at a relatively high speed.
- the die 15 preferably rotates at 1000 rpm or more.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Ziehen von längsnahtgeschweißten Rohren gemäß den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 7.The invention relates to a device for drawing longitudinally welded pipes according to the features in the preamble of
Längsnahtgeschweißte Rohre werden im einfachsten Fall gefertigt durch Schweißen des Rohres, Glühen des Rohres, Reduzieren des Rohres auf Endabmessung und Endglühen des Rohres. Die Rohre müssen mithin mindestens vier Produktionsschritte durchlaufen.Longitudinally welded pipes are produced in the simplest case by welding the pipe, annealing the pipe, reducing the pipe to final dimension and final annealing of the pipe. The pipes must therefore go through at least four production steps.
Es zählt aber auch zum Stand der Technik, Rohre durch Kaltziehen zu reduzieren, bei welchem der Rohrstrang in einem kontinuerlichen Durchgang nacheinander mehrere, in Abständen hintereinander geschaltete Ziehwerkzeuge und diesen jeweils nachgeordnete, einzeln elektromotorisch angetriebene Rohrziehtrommeln durchläuft und dabei auf jeweils stufenweise kleinere Durchmesser reduziert wird (
Nach heutigem Stand der Technik werden Rohre daher in einer Trommelziehanlage, in der ein Rohrstrang durch hintereinander geschaltete Ziehwerkzeuge kontinuierlich in Linie über Hohlzug reduziert wird (EN DIN 10205-3), hergestellt.According to the current state of the art pipes are therefore in a pultrusion, in which a pipe string is continuously reduced by successive drawing tools in line via a hoist (EN DIN 10205-3) produced.
Zum Stand der Technik ist die
Ferner zählt durch die
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird angestrebt, die Herstellung von Rohren (in Linie) ohne inneren Schweißnahtüberstand gemäß der EN DIN 10305-2 zu verbessern.With the present invention, the aim is to improve the production of pipes (in line) without inner weld supernatant according to EN DIN 10305-2.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. ein Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 7 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device having the features of
Die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen.The subclaims relate to advantageous developments.
Patentanspruch 1 betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Ziehen von längssnahtgeschweißten Rohren. Die Vorrichtung umfasst zunächst eine Rohrformstation, welche dazu vorgesehen ist, aus einem Bandmaterial ein Rohr zu formen. Das geformte Rohr wird in einer Schweißstation zu einem Rohr verschweißt. Beispielsweise können die einander gegenüberliegenden Längskanten des Bandmaterials induktiv miteinander verschweißt werden. An die Schweißstation schließt sich eine Kühlstation an, in welcher das durch den Schweißprozess erwärmte Rohr abgekühlt wird und nachfolgend mehreren hintereinander geschalteten Ziehstufen zugeführt wird, die zur Durchmesserreduzierung vorgesehen sind. Es sind mindestens zwei Ziehstufen vorgesehen. In wenigstens einer Ziehstufe ist ein Ziehwerkzeug vorgesehen, das eine Matrize und einen fliegenden Innendorn umfasst. Dieser Innendorn wird durch Zuführung eines Schmierstoffes geschmiert.
Bei der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass eine Schmierstofflanze den Schmierstoff in einen Bereich einbringt, in welchem das Bandmaterial bereits zu einem Rohr verschweißt ist. Die Schmierstofflanze erstreckt sich hierbei in Produktionsrichtung der Fertigungslinie durch die Schweißstation, wobei der Bereich der Schmierstoffeinbringung in oder hinter der Kühlstation liegt.In the invention, it is provided that a lubricant lance brings the lubricant into a region in which the strip material is already welded to form a tube. In this case, the lubricant lance extends through the welding station in the production direction of the production line, with the region of the lubricant introduction lying in or behind the cooling station.
Der Bereich der Schmierstoffeinbringung fällt insbesondere mit einer endseitigen Öffnung in der Schmierstofflanze zusammen. Die Schmierstofflanze wird also bereits im Bereich der Rohrformstation, bevor das Bandmaterial zu dem Rohr verschweißt wird, in das Rohr mündend angeordnet und reicht relativ tief in das Rohr hinein.The area of the lubricant introduction coincides in particular with an end-side opening in the lubricant lance. The lubricant lance is therefore already arranged in the region of the tube forming station, before the strip material is welded to the tube, opening into the tube and extends relatively deep into the tube.
Die Schmierstofflanze fördert den Schmierstoff so weit in das zu fertigende Rohr hinein, dass ein hinreichender Abstand von der Schweißstation besteht. Eine Zufuhr des Schmierstoffes in dem Bereich des Schweißpunktes oder kurz dahinter, würde zu Rauchentwicklung und könnte sogar zum Entflammen des als Schmierstoff eingesetzten Ziehöls führen. Das soll/muss daher vermieden werden. Es ist vorgesehen, den Schmierstoff in einem Bereich einzubringen, in welchem bestimmte maximale Öltemperaturen nicht überschritten werden. Dieser Bereich beginnt in der sich unmittelbar an die Schweißstation anschließenden Kühlstation. Bei der Kühlstation handelt es sich insbesondere um ein Wasserbad, welches die Außenseite und somit aber auch das Innere des Rohrs kühlt. Die Öltemperatur kann dadurch so niedrig gehalten werden, dass es nicht zu einer störenden Rauchentwicklung kommt. Vorzugsweise wird die Öltemperatur unter 100°C gehalten. Die genaue Temperatur ist jedoch abhängig von der Sorte und der spezifischen Viskosität des Schmierstoffes,The lubricant lance conveys the lubricant so far into the pipe to be manufactured that there is a sufficient distance from the welding station. A supply of the lubricant in the area of the welding point or just behind it, would lead to smoke and could even lead to the ignition of the drawn oil used as a lubricant. This should / should therefore be avoided. It is envisaged to introduce the lubricant in a range in which certain maximum oil temperatures are not exceeded. This area begins in the cooling station immediately adjacent to the welding station. The cooling station is in particular a water bath which cools the outside and thus also the inside of the tube. The oil temperature can be kept so low that it does not cause a disturbing smoke. Preferably, the oil temperature is kept below 100 ° C. The exact temperature, however, depends on the grade and the specific viscosity of the lubricant,
Bevorzugt erstreckt sich die Schmierstofflanze in Fertigungsrichtung bis in die der Schweißstation abgewandte Hälfte der Kühlstation. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Temperatur an den Innenwänden des längsnahtgeschweißten Rohres soweit reduziert worden ist, dass keine Rauchentwicklung erfolgt.The lubricant lance preferably extends in the direction of production into the half of the cooling station facing away from the welding station. This ensures that the temperature on the inner walls of the longitudinally welded pipe has been reduced so far that no smoke is generated.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die erste zu durchlaufende Ziehstufe eine Hohlzugstation zur Reduzierung des Rohrdurchmessers, wobei die darauffolgende weitere Ziehstufe dafür vorgesehen ist, unter dem Einfluss des mit dem Schmiermittel geschmierten fliegenden Innendorns eine Schweißnaht des Rohres innenseitig zu glätten. Abschließend kann in einer weiteren Ziehstufe in einem reinen Hohlzug, also kein Innenzug mit Dorn, eine Reduzierung auf Endabmessungen erfolgen.In an advantageous development of the invention, the first drawing stage to be passed is a hollow tensile station for reducing the pipe diameter, the subsequent further drawing stage being provided for smoothing a weld seam of the pipe on the inside under the influence of the lubricating inner inner mandrel. Finally, in a further drawing stage in a pure hoist, so no inner pull with mandrel, a reduction to final dimensions.
Die erste Ziehstufe dient somit der Rohreinrundung. Die erste Ziehstufe umfasst nicht nur ein Ziehwerkzeug, sondern zudem eine erste Rohrziehtrommel, um welche das Rohr herumgeführt wird. Dadurch, dass es sich bei der ersten Ziehstufe um einen reinen Hohlzug zur Rohreinrundung handelt, ergibt sich der Effekt, dass durch den Zug ohne Zwischenglühen, eine Einbuchtung am Rohrumfang entsteht. Diese Einbuchtung ergibt sich durch das unterschiedliche Ziehverhalten der harten Längsnaht gegenüber dem weichen Grundwerkstoff. Dadurch ergibt sich in dem nachfolgenden Zug mit Innendorn die Möglichkeit, die nach innen vorstehende Längsnaht einzuglätten. In der Zugstufe mit Innendorn findet mithin eine Reduktion der Rohrwand vorzugsweise nicht statt, sondern nur ein Glätten.The first drawing stage thus serves for tube rounding. The first drawing stage includes not only a drawing tool, but also a first tube drawing drum around which the tube is passed. Due to the fact that the first drawing stage is a pure hollow draft for tube rounding, there is the effect that a draft on the pipe circumference is created by the train without intermediate annealing. This indentation results from the different drawing behavior of the hard longitudinal seam compared to the soft base material. This results in the subsequent train with internal mandrel the possibility einzuglätten the inwardly projecting longitudinal seam. In the rebound stage with internal mandrel, therefore, a reduction of the pipe wall preferably does not take place, but only a smoothing.
Die Nahteinformung durch den Innendorn erfolgt unter dem Einfluss des Innendorns, aber letzlich durch die hydrodynamische Schmierung, die durch eine permanente Schmierstoffzuführung sicher gewährleistet ist. Der verwendet Innendorn ist hinsichtlich seiner Geometrie auf die Anforderungen der hydrodynamischen Schmierung angepasst. Der vom Ziehgut infolge seiner Reibung mitgenommene Schmierstoff wird durch den speziell ausgelegten Innendorn auf so hohe Drücke im Ringspalt zwischen der Rohrinnenoberfläche und dem Innendorn gebracht, dass es zu einem Einglätten der Längsschweißnaht kommt. Bevorzugt kommt ein Innendorn zum Einsatz, der aus einem geeigneten Hartstoff gefertigt ist, wie z.B. Hartmetall, Diamant, Keramik, Werkzeugstahl.The shaping of the inner mandrel by the inner mandrel takes place under the influence of the inner mandrel, but ultimately by the hydrodynamic lubrication, which is ensured by a permanent lubricant supply. The internal mandrel used is adapted to the requirements of hydrodynamic lubrication with regard to its geometry. The lubricant entrained by the drawn material due to its friction is brought by the specially designed inner mandrel to such high pressures in the annular gap between the pipe inner surface and the inner mandrel that it comes to a flattening of the longitudinal weld. Preferably, an internal mandrel is used, which is made of a suitable hard material, such. Carbide, diamond, ceramic, tool steel.
Zusätzlich kann der Innendorn mit einer geeigneten Beschichtung versehen sein, die speziell dem Verschleiß bei dem durch Mischreibung gekennzeichneten Anfahrprozess entgegenwirkt. Die Beschichtung ist in der Lage, ohne negative Anhaftungen oder Abrieb, den Bereich der Mischreibung zu überwinden, um das Entstehen von Riefen an der Innenwand zu vermeiden. Bei dem Innendorn handelt es sich insbesondere um einen Hartmetalldorn. Es können auch geeignete Stähle eingesetzt werden, die extrem gut formbar sind (Zusammensetzung der EN 10305). Durch eine spezielle thermische Endglühbehandlung können mechanische Kennwerte erfüllt werden, die dieser Norm entsprechen. Diese Dorne besitzen eine hohe Standfestigkeit.In addition, the inner mandrel can be provided with a suitable coating which specifically counteracts the wear in the start-up process characterized by mixed friction. The coating is able to overcome the range of mixed friction without negative buildup or abrasion Avoid the formation of grooves on the inner wall. The inner mandrel is in particular a carbide mandrel. It is also possible to use suitable steels which are extremely readily mouldable (composition of EN 10305). Special thermal finish annealing treatment can be used to meet mechanical characteristics that comply with this standard. These mandrels have a high stability.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass bereits mit einer Dornlänge von 60 mm hohe Standzeiten erreicht werden können. Es können aber auch Innendorne mit einer Länge von über 100 mm eingesetzt werden, wodurch sich noch wesentlich höhere Standzeiten erreichen lassen. Diese Dornlängen beziehen sich auf den Außendurchmesser des Rohres von ca. 15 mm. Der Innendorn ist bevorzugt spiegelsymmetrisch aufgebaut, damit er durch einfaches Umdrehen beiderseits mit der Matrize zusammenwirken kann und dadurch noch länger einsetzbar ist.It has been shown that even with a mandrel length of 60 mm long service life can be achieved. But it can also be used Innendorne with a length of over 100 mm, which can be achieved even much longer life. These mandrel lengths refer to the outer diameter of the tube of about 15 mm. The inner mandrel is preferably mirror-symmetrical, so that it can cooperate by simply turning both sides of the die and thus is even longer usable.
In alternativer Ausführungsform ist es möglich, den Innendorn bereits in der ersten Ziehstufe einzusetzen. Das setzt allerdings eine vorhergehende Einrundung voraus. Der ersten Ziehstufe ist mithin eine Kalibrierstufe vorgeschaltet, die für die Einrundung des längsnahtgeschweißten Rohres sorgt. Durch die Glättung der Schweißnaht mittels des fliegenden Innedorns kann in den nachfolgenden Ziehstufe der auf den Rohrstrang wirkende Anstrengungsgrad reduziert werden. Es können dünnere Wandstärken von unter 0,5 mm prozesssicher hergestellt werden.In an alternative embodiment, it is possible to use the inner mandrel already in the first drawing stage. However, this requires a previous rounding. The first drawing stage is therefore preceded by a calibration stage, which ensures the rounding of the longitudinally welded pipe. By smoothing the weld by means of the flying Innedorns can be reduced in the subsequent drawing stage, the degree of effort acting on the pipe string. Thinner wall thicknesses of less than 0.5 mm can be produced reliably.
In einer dritten Ziehstation erfolgt durch reinen Hohlzug das Reduzieren auf die Endabmessung. Der Prozessschritt des Glühens vor dem Reduzieren des Rohres auf Endabmessung kann entfallen, wodurch das Herstellungsverfahren insgesamt signifikant kostengünstiger ist. Auch die Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der kaltgezogenen Rohre ist dadurch kostengünstiger realisierbar.In a third drawing station, the reduction to the final dimension takes place by means of a purely hollow draw. The process step of annealing prior to reducing the tube to final dimension can be eliminated, making the overall manufacturing process significantly less expensive. The device for producing the cold-drawn tubes is thus less expensive to implement.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass den Matrizen der Ziehwerkzeuge Mittel für einen Drehantrieb während des Ziehvorganges zugeordnet sind, wobei die Drehzahl der Matrize in einem Bereich größer als 800 und insbesondere größer als 1000/min liegt. Durch diese sehr hohen Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten der Matrize und durch die Rohrgeschwindigkeit ergeben sich bestimmte Relativgeschwindigkeiten im Wirkpunkt zwischen der Rohroberfläche und der Matrize. Da die nur vom Reibwert und der Normalspannung abhängige Schubspannung im Betrag konstant bleibt aber die Richtung der Spannung geändert wird, verringert sich der Reibanteil in Zugrichtung des Rohres. Dies ermöglicht es, zusätzliche Reibanteile einzubringen, ohne dass es beim Rohrstrang zum Abriss kommt. Dadurch wird das Einsetzen eines Innenwerkzeugs, d.h. des Innendorns, möglich.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the matrices of the drawing tools are assigned means for a rotary drive during the drawing process, wherein the speed of the die in a range greater than 800 and in particular greater than 1000 / min is. Due to these very high rotational speeds of the die and due to the tube speed certain relative speeds at the point of action between the pipe surface and the die. Since the only dependent on the coefficient of friction and the normal stress shear stress remains constant in magnitude but the direction of the voltage is changed, the friction component decreases in the pulling direction of the tube. This makes it possible to introduce additional frictional portions without causing the tubing to break. Thereby, the insertion of an inner tool, ie the inner mandrel, possible.
Anzumerken ist, dass während des gesamten Prozesses der Rohrstrang beim Reduzieren innerhalb der Ziehwerkzeuge auf einem Gleitfilm bewegt wird. Es findet also kein unmittelbarer metallischer Kontakt zwischen dem Rohrstrang und den Ziehwerkzeugen statt. Hierzu trägt letzlich auch die Beschichtung des fliegenden Innendorns bei, die zu diesem Zweck über die gesamte Länge des Dorns vorgesehen ist. Als Beschichtungswerkstoff kommt z.B. Titan-Carbon-Nitrit (TiCN) zur Anwendung.It should be noted that throughout the process, the tubing string is moved on a slip film as it is being reduced within the drawing dies. So there is no direct metallic contact between the pipe string and the drawing tools instead. Finally, the coating of the flying inner mandrel contributes to this purpose, which is provided for this purpose over the entire length of the mandrel. As coating material is e.g. Titanium carbon nitrite (TiCN) for use.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass durch geringere Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten von z.B. 40 Umdrehungen/Minute eine unbedeutende Abnahme der Reibungsspannung (unter 0,1 %) bewirkt wird. Erst durch schnelle Drehgeschwindigkeiten der Matrize, die über ein Vielfaches höher liegen als der vorgenannte Wert, ergibt sich eine signifikante Reduzierung der Reibspannung. Optimale Drehzahlen liegen in einem Bereich von ca. 1000 U/min und höher.It has been found that by slower rotation speeds of e.g. 40 revolutions / minute a slight decrease in the friction voltage (less than 0.1%) is effected. Only by fast rotational speeds of the die, which are many times higher than the aforementioned value, results in a significant reduction of the friction stress. Optimum speeds are in a range of about 1000 rpm and higher.
Abweichend zum Stand der Technik (
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 6. Es basiert auf einer Vorrichtung, wie sie vorstehend beschrieben ist. In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt wird in einer Rohrformstation ein Bandmaterial zu einem Rohr geformt. Dadurch werden in einer Schweißstation einander gegenüberliegende Längskanten des umgeformten Bandmaterials miteinander verschweißt. Anschließend durchläuft das Rohr eine Kühlstation, insbesondere in Form eines Wasserkastens. Es schließen sich dann mehrere, in Abständen hintereinander geschaltete Ziehstufen an, die bei diesen insgesamt kontinuierlichen Fertigungsverfahren durchlaufen werden. Es handelt sich um eine Fertigungslinie.The inventive method is the subject of
Das Ziehwerkzeug einer Ziehstufe umfasst eine Matrize und einen fliegenden Innendorn, welcher durch Zuführung eines Schmierstoffes geschmiert wird. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird in dem bereits längsnahtgeschweißten Rohr eine Schmierstofflanze angeordnet, die den Schmierstoff tief in das Rohr einbringt. Der Schmierstoff wird erst in oder nach der Kühlstation in das Rohr eingebracht, d. h. in Bereichen, in denen eine Rauchentwicklung oder eine Entzündung des Schmierstoffes ausgeschlossen werden kann. Der Schmierstoff soll demnach in einem Bereich eingebracht werden, in welchem die Temperatur des Schmierstoffes unmittelbar nach dem Einbringen in das Rohr 100°C nicht übersteigt. Der Schmierstoff wird daher vorzugsweise in der zweiten Hälfte der Kühlstation in das Rohr eingebracht. Hierbei wird davon ausgegangen, dass der Schmierstoff endseitig der Schmierstofflanze austritt.The pulling tool of a drawing stage comprises a die and a flying inner mandrel, which is lubricated by supplying a lubricant. In the method according to the invention, a lubricant lance is arranged in the already longitudinally welded pipe, which introduces the lubricant deep into the pipe. The lubricant is introduced into the pipe only in or after the cooling station, i. H. in areas where smoke or inflammation of the lubricant can be excluded. The lubricant should therefore be introduced in an area in which the temperature of the lubricant does not exceed 100 ° C immediately after introduction into the tube. The lubricant is therefore preferably introduced into the tube in the second half of the cooling station. It is assumed that the lubricant exits the end of the lubricant lance.
Wie vorstehend beschrieben, wird in einer ersten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens das Rohr in einer ersten Ziehstufe hohlgezogen und in einer weiteren Ziehstufe unter Einwirkung des mit dem Schmiermittel geschmierten fliegenden Innendorn innenseitig geglättet. Das ist bei der Erfindung möglich, weil die Reibspannungen reduziert werden können, was insbesondere durch Rotation der Matrize eines des zugehörigen Ziehwerkzeuges möglich ist, in dem diese mit mehr als 800 Umdrehungen und insbesondere mehr als 1000 U/min um die Längsachse des Rohrstrangs rotiert wird. Als dritte und abschließende Ziehstufe, kann sich genau wie in der ersten Ziehstufe, ein Hohlzug anschließen.As described above, in a first embodiment of the method, the tube is hollowed in a first drawing step and internally smoothed in a further drawing step under the action of the lubricating inner floating mandrel. This is possible in the invention, because the frictional stresses can be reduced, which is possible in particular by rotation of the die of one of the associated drawing tool in which it is rotated with more than 800 revolutions and in particular more than 1000 U / min about the longitudinal axis of the tubing , As a third and final drawing stage, just like in the first drawing stage, a hollow draw can follow.
Typische Durchmesser für einen solchen dreistufigen Ziehvorgang sind 16 mm nach der ersten Ziehstufe, 14,98 mm nach der zweiten Ziehstufe und 12 mm nach der dritten Ziehstufe bei Wanddicken von etwa 1,0 mm. Selbstverständlich sind auch weitere Hohlzugstufen möglich, um das Rohr auf einen Enddurchmesser von 8 oder 6 mm zu reduzieren. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass dieses Verfahren insbesondere mit Stählen realisierbar ist, die einen sehr niedrigen Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,06 Gew.-% aufweise.Typical diameters for such a three-stage drawing operation are 16 mm after the first drawing stage, 14.98 mm after the second drawing stage and 12 mm after the third drawing stage with wall thicknesses of about 1.0 mm. Of course, other Hohlzugstufen are possible to reduce the tube to a final diameter of 8 or 6 mm. It has been shown that this method in particular with Steels can be realized, which has a very low carbon content of 0.06 wt .-%.
In einer alternativen zweiten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird das Rohr in der ersten Ziehstufe nicht hohlgezogen, sondern mittels des geschmierten fliegenden Innendorns innenseitig geglättet. Da die Einrundungen vor dem Glätten nunmehr nicht durch eine vorgeschaltete Ziehstufe erfolgt, ist eine vorhergehende Kalibrierung des Rohrs zur Einrundung erforderlich. Die Kalibrierung dient auch zur Sicherstellung, dass sich die Schweißnaht in einer 12-Uhr-Position befindet. Wenn die erste Ziehstufe bereits zur Glättung der Schweißnaht dient, ist die zweite oder wenigstens eine weitere nachfolgende Ziehstufe als reiner Hohlzug vorgesehen.In an alternative second embodiment of the method, the tube is not drawn hollow in the first drawing stage, but smoothed on the inside by means of the lubricated flying inner mandrel. Since rounding prior to smoothening is now not accomplished by an upstream draw stage, a prior calibration of the tube is required for rounding. The calibration also serves to ensure that the weld is in a 12 o'clock position. If the first drawing stage already serves to smooth the weld, the second or at least one further subsequent drawing stage is provided as a pure hoist.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in schematischen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigt:
Figur 1- eine schematische Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit drei Ziehstufen I bis III und
Figur 2- eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Bereichs II der
.Figur 1
- FIG. 1
- a schematic side view of the device according to the invention with three draw stages I to III and
- FIG. 2
- an enlarged view of the area II of
FIG. 1 ,
In der ersten Ziehstufe I erfolgt ausschließlich ein Hohlzug, bei welchen ausschließlich durch äußere Krafteinwirkung das längsnahtgeschweißte Rohr 1 eingerundet wird. Das Rohr 1 wird also durch eine Matrize 15 gezogen.In the first drawing stage I is exclusively a hollow draw, in which exclusively by external force, the longitudinally welded
Bei der zweiten Ziehstufe II handelt es sich um einen Innenzug mit Innendorn 11, so wie es in der vergrößerten Darstellung A in
In der dritten Ziehstufe III schließt sich ein abschließender Kalibrierzug an, in welchem das Rohr 1 auf die gewünschte Endabmessung reduziert wird.In the third drawing stage III is followed by a final Kalibrierzug, in which the
Das besondere bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. bei dem mit dieser Vorrichtung duchgeführten Verfahren ist, dass eine Schmierstofflanze 12 zur Zuführung von Schmierstoff 13 in das innere des Rohrs 1 vorgesehen ist, die bis in die Kühlstation 5 ragt. Der Schmierstoff 13, wie er in
Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die Schmierstofflanze 12 noch länger zu gestalten und den Schmierstoff 13 erst hinter der Kühlstation 5 einzubringen. Für die Eignung eines Bereichs, in den der Schmierstoff 13 eingebracht werden kann, ist die lokale Temperatur maßgeblich. Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich, austauschbare Schmierstofflanzen 12 zu verwenden, die in Abhängigkeit vom Rohrdurchmesser und in Abhängigkeit von der Zusammensetzung und Viskosität des Schmierstoffes 13, diesen eher zu Beginn der Kühlstation 5 oder eher gegen Ende der Kühlstation 5 in das Rohr 1 einbringen.Of course, it is also possible to make the
Um die Standzeit des Innendorns 11 zu erhöhen, kann dieser um 180° gedreht werden. Er ist entsprechend symmetrisch ausgebildet.To increase the service life of the
Die Ausbildung eines hydrodynamischen Schmierstofffilms 14 ist wesentlich zur Reduzierung der Reibwerte, damit das Rohr 1 überhaupt im Bereich der Matrize 15 umgeformt werden kann. Hierzu ist ein entsprechendes Schmierstoffdepot 17 vor dem Innendorn 11 auszubilden. Hierbei handelt es sich um von der Innenseite 16 des Rohres 1 mitgeschleppten Schmierstoff 13, der sich vor der Stirnseite des Innendorns 11 staut. Durch den sich bildenden Schmierstofffilm 14 erfolgt eine innenseitige Glättung der Schweißnaht des längsnahtgeschweißten Rohrs 1. Die Wanddicke des Rohrs 1 wird hierbei nicht reduziert.The formation of a
Als weitere Maßnahme zur Reduzierung der Reibspannungen ist vorgesehen, die Matrize 15 mit relativ hoher Drehzahl zu rotieren. Die Matrize 15 rotiert vorzugsweise mit 1000 U/min oder mehr.As a further measure for reducing the frictional stresses is provided to rotate the die 15 at a relatively high speed. The die 15 preferably rotates at 1000 rpm or more.
- 1-1-
- Rohrpipe
- 2 -2 -
- Bandmaterialband material
- 3 -3 -
- RohrformstationTube forming station
- 4-4
- Schweißstationwelding station
- 5 -5 -
- Kühlstationcooling station
- 6 -6 -
- Ziehtrommelcapstan
- 7 -7 -
- Ziehtrommelcapstan
- 8 -8th -
- Ziehtrommelcapstan
- 9 -9 -
- Ziehwerkzeugdrawing tool
- 10 -10 -
- Ziehwerkzeugdrawing tool
- 11 -11 -
- Innendorninner mandrel
- 12 -12 -
- Schmierstofflanzelubricant lance
- 13 -13 -
- Schmierstofflubricant
- 14 -14 -
- Schmierstofffilmlubricant film
- 15 -15 -
- Matrizedie
- 16 -16 -
- Innenseiteinside
- 17 -17 -
- Schmierstoffdepotlubricant reservoir
- I -I -
- Ziehstufedrawing stage
- II -II -
- Ziehstufedrawing stage
- III -III -
- Ziehstufedrawing stage
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201110052258 DE102011052258B4 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2011-07-28 | Apparatus and method for drawing longitudinally welded pipes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2551027A1 true EP2551027A1 (en) | 2013-01-30 |
EP2551027B1 EP2551027B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
Family
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EP12177475.6A Not-in-force EP2551027B1 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-23 | Method and device for drawing longitudinally welded tubes |
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EP (1) | EP2551027B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011052258B4 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2354161A1 (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1975-04-30 | Willi Oppermann | Continuous production of seam welded and drawn tube - performs forming, welding, pre-sizing and driving in continuous sequence |
DE2558671A1 (en) | 1975-12-24 | 1977-07-07 | Benteler Werke Ag | DEVICE FOR REDUCING PIPES, ESPECIALLY MADE OF STEEL |
JPS5997724A (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-06-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method and device for manufacturing pipe having groove in its inner surface |
DE3542681A1 (en) | 1985-12-03 | 1987-06-04 | Oppermann Willi Friedrich | Process for the production of drawn high-quality tubes |
DE10151827A1 (en) | 2001-10-20 | 2003-04-30 | Nexans | Process for the continuous production of a longitudinally welded metal tube |
DE102004053021A1 (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-04 | Nexans | Method for determining the wall thickness of a metal pipe |
-
2011
- 2011-07-28 DE DE201110052258 patent/DE102011052258B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-07-23 EP EP12177475.6A patent/EP2551027B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2354161A1 (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1975-04-30 | Willi Oppermann | Continuous production of seam welded and drawn tube - performs forming, welding, pre-sizing and driving in continuous sequence |
DE2558671A1 (en) | 1975-12-24 | 1977-07-07 | Benteler Werke Ag | DEVICE FOR REDUCING PIPES, ESPECIALLY MADE OF STEEL |
DE2558671C2 (en) | 1975-12-24 | 1985-10-24 | Benteler-Werke Ag, 4794 Schloss Neuhaus | Cold drawing device for reducing pipes |
JPS5997724A (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-06-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method and device for manufacturing pipe having groove in its inner surface |
DE3542681A1 (en) | 1985-12-03 | 1987-06-04 | Oppermann Willi Friedrich | Process for the production of drawn high-quality tubes |
DE10151827A1 (en) | 2001-10-20 | 2003-04-30 | Nexans | Process for the continuous production of a longitudinally welded metal tube |
DE102004053021A1 (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-04 | Nexans | Method for determining the wall thickness of a metal pipe |
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EP2551027B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
DE102011052258A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
DE102011052258B4 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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