EP2547178B1 - Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur - Google Patents

Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2547178B1
EP2547178B1 EP12007030.5A EP12007030A EP2547178B1 EP 2547178 B1 EP2547178 B1 EP 2547178B1 EP 12007030 A EP12007030 A EP 12007030A EP 2547178 B1 EP2547178 B1 EP 2547178B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spray nozzle
plasma spray
nozzle according
divergent
inner channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12007030.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2547178A2 (fr
EP2547178A3 (fr
Inventor
Mario Felkel
Heiko Dr. Gruner
Francis-Jurjen Dr. Ladru
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP12007030.5A priority Critical patent/EP2547178B1/fr
Publication of EP2547178A2 publication Critical patent/EP2547178A2/fr
Publication of EP2547178A3 publication Critical patent/EP2547178A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2547178B1 publication Critical patent/EP2547178B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3484—Convergent-divergent nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma spray nozzle in which the powder is injected.
  • the US 2008 / 0057212A1 discloses a nozzle with a divergent and a convergent end, wherein the powder is supplied near the divergent part.
  • the object is achieved by a plasma spraying nozzle according to claim 1.
  • FIG. 1 a plasma spray nozzle 1 is shown in longitudinal section.
  • the plasma spraying nozzle 1 has inside an elongated inner channel 4 with a longitudinal axis 22, in which 4 generates a plasma and in the 4 by at least one hole 7 powder is injected.
  • the inner channel 4 is formed longer than the divergent region (16), in particular 60%, in particular 75% of the total length.
  • the outer diameter of the end 28 of the nozzle 1 facing the divergent portion 16 is preferably greater than the outer diameter at the end 19 of the divergent portion 16. This means that the mass per axial length at the end 28 is greater.
  • Injection of powder takes place on the inside, ie before the divergent region 16. This can be done through a hole 7 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) or through a plurality of holes 7 ', 7 ", 7"' ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the distance from the hole 7, 7 ', 7 ", 7"' to the end 19 of the nozzle 1 is preferably at least 60%, in particular at least 70%, in particular 80% of the total length L of the nozzle first
  • At the beginning of the divergent portion 16 is preferably a paragraph 25 ( Fig. 1, 4th ), which directs the arc of the plasma to the elongated inner channel 4.
  • Paragraph 25 represents a discontinuous or non-continuous transition 25 to the divergent region 16.
  • transition 25 from the internal channel 4 of constant cross-section to the divergent region 16, there is an edge.
  • the shoulder 25 preferably runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 22 of the inner channel 4.
  • outside cooling fins 10 are present ( Fig. 4 ). These outer diameter 10 can project beyond the outer diameter at the end 19 of the divergent region 16.
  • a sealing ring 13 is preferably arranged ( Fig. 4 ).
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment.
  • the supply of powder into the channel 4 of the plasma spray nozzle 1 is not carried out by one, but in particular by two, in particular by three holes 7, 7 ', 7 ", which are preferably evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner channel 4.
  • the injection of the powder can be precisely controlled and the track distance, i. the distance between crossings over the component to be coated can be at least doubled, whereby the spray spot is kept constant in the same position, so that the coating time is considerably reduced.
  • the nozzle 1 is solid except for the inner channel 4 and the holes 7, 7 ', 7 ", 7"' for the powder injection.
  • the at least one hole 7 has at the end, ie near the outlet into the inner channel 4, a taper 8 in order to inject specifically into the plasma jet.
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a blade 120 or guide vane 130 of a turbomachine, which extends along a longitudinal axis 121.
  • the turbomachine may be a gas turbine of an aircraft or a power plant for power generation, a steam turbine or a compressor.
  • the blade 120, 130 has along the longitudinal axis 121 consecutively a fastening region 400, a blade platform 403 adjacent thereto and an airfoil 406 and a blade tip 415.
  • the blade 130 may have at its blade tip 415 another platform (not shown).
  • a blade root 183 is formed, which serves for attachment of the blades 120, 130 to a shaft or a disc (not shown).
  • the blade root 183 is designed, for example, as a hammer head. Other designs as Christmas tree or Schwalbenschwanzfuß are possible.
  • the blade 120, 130 has a leading edge 409 and a trailing edge 412 for a medium flowing past the airfoil 406.
  • Such superalloys are for example from EP 1 204 776 B1 .
  • EP 1 306 454 .
  • the blade 120, 130 can be made by a casting process, also by directional solidification, by a forging process, by a milling process or combinations thereof.
  • Workpieces with a monocrystalline structure or structures are used as components for machines which are exposed to high mechanical, thermal and / or chemical stresses during operation.
  • Such monocrystalline workpieces takes place e.g. by directed solidification from the melt.
  • These are casting processes in which the liquid metallic alloy is transformed into a monocrystalline structure, i. to the single-crystal workpiece, or directionally solidified.
  • dendritic crystals are aligned along the heat flow and form either a columnar grain structure (columnar, i.e., grains that run the full length of the workpiece and here, in common usage, are referred to as directionally solidified) or a monocrystalline structure, i. the whole workpiece consists of a single crystal.
  • a columnar grain structure columnar, i.e., grains that run the full length of the workpiece and here, in common usage, are referred to as directionally solidified
  • a monocrystalline structure i. the whole workpiece consists of a single crystal.
  • directionally solidified microstructures which means both single crystals that have no grain boundaries or at most small angle grain boundaries, and stem crystal structures that have probably longitudinal grain boundaries but no transverse grain boundaries. These second-mentioned crystalline structures are also known as directionally solidified structures.
  • the blades 120, 130 may have coatings against corrosion or oxidation, e.g. M is at least one element of the group iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), X is an active element and stands for yttrium (Y) and / or silicon and / or at least one element of the rare ones Earth, or hafnium (Hf)).
  • M is at least one element of the group iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni)
  • X is an active element and stands for yttrium (Y) and / or silicon and / or at least one element of the rare ones Earth, or hafnium (Hf)).
  • Such alloys are known from the EP 0 486 489 B1 .
  • EP 0 412 397 B1 or EP 1 306 454 A1 are known from the EP 0 486 489 B1 .
  • the density is preferably 95% of the theoretical density.
  • the layer composition comprises Co-30Ni-28Cr-8A1-0.6Y-0.7Si or Co-28Ni-24Cr-10Al-0.6Y.
  • nickel-based protective layers such as Ni-10Cr-12Al-0.6Y-3Re or Ni-12Co-21Cr-11Al-0.4Y-2Re or Ni-25Co-17Cr-10Al-0.4Y-1 are also preferably used , 5RE.
  • thermal barrier coating which is preferably the outermost layer, and consists for example of ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 , ie it is not, partially or completely stabilized by yttria and / or calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide.
  • the thermal barrier coating covers the entire MCrAlX layer.
  • suitable coating methods e.g. Electron beam evaporation (EB-PVD) produces stalk-shaped grains in the thermal barrier coating.
  • the thermal barrier coating may have porous, micro- or macro-cracked grains for better thermal shock resistance.
  • the thermal barrier coating is therefore preferably more porous than the MCrAlX layer.
  • Refurbishment means that components 120, 130 may need to be deprotected after use (e.g., by sandblasting). This is followed by removal of the corrosion and / or oxidation layers or products. Optionally, even cracks in the component 120, 130 are repaired. This is followed by a re-coating of the component 120, 130 and a renewed use of the component 120, 130.
  • the blade 120, 130 may be hollow or solid.
  • the blade 120, 130 is to be cooled, it is hollow and may still film cooling holes 418 (indicated by dashed lines) on.

Claims (12)

  1. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma,
    qui a, dans son canal ( 4 ) intérieur à une extrémité ( 19, une partie ( 16 ) divergente,
    qui a au moins un trou ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ) d'injection de poudre,
    caractérisée
    en ce que le au moins un trou ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ) d'injection de poudre n'est pas montée dans la partie ( 16 ) divergente et en ce que la tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma a un ressaut ( 25 ) au début de la partie ( 16 ) divergente,
    le ressaut ( 25 ) représentant une transition ( 25 ) qui n'est pas constante vers la partie ( 16 ) divergente et
    il y a au ressaut ( 25 ) un bord allant du canal ( 4 ) intérieur de section transversale constante à la partie ( 16 ) divergente.
  2. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le au moins un trou ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ) est ménagé près de l'extrémité ( 28 ) opposée à la partie ( 16 ) divergente.
  3. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma a au moins deux, notamment trois trous ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ) d'injection de poudre.
  4. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant la revendication 1, 2 ou 3,
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'elle a des ailettes ( 10 ) extérieures de refroidissement, notamment entre la partie ( 16 ) divergente et le au moins un trou ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ).
  5. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'elle ( 1 ) a un joint ( 13 ) d'étanchéité extérieur, notamment entre les ailettes ( 10 ) de refroidissement.
  6. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4 ou 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    elle ( 1 ) a, dans le canal ( 4 ) intérieur, une partie ( 16 ) divergente et une partie ( 15 ) de section transversale constante, en en étant notamment constituée.
  7. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le diamètre extérieur de la tuyère ( 1 ), à l'extrémité ( 19 ) de la partie ( 16 ) divergente, est plus petit que le diamètre extérieur à l'autre extrémité ( 28 ) de la tuyère ( 1 ).
  8. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la distance axiale du au moins un trou ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ) à l'extrémité ( 19 ) de la partie ( 16 ) divergente représente au moins 60%,
    notamment, 70%
    d'une manière tout à fait particulière 80% de la longueur L totale de la tuyère ( 1 ).
  9. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le trou ( 7, 7', 7", 7"' ) a un rétrécissement ( 8 ) à son extrémité à l'entrée dans le canal ( 1 ) intérieur.
  10. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le canal ( 4 ) intérieur est à symétrie radiale.
  11. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le canal ( 4 ) intérieur est plus long que la partie ( 16 ) divergente en représentant notamment 60%, d'une manière tout à fait particulière 75%, de la longueur totale.
  12. Tuyère ( 1 ) d'injection de plasma suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la partie ( 16 ) divergente est à symétrie radiale.
EP12007030.5A 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur Not-in-force EP2547178B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12007030.5A EP2547178B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12007030.5A EP2547178B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur
EP09013864.5A EP2320714B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09013864.5A Division EP2320714B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur
EP09013864.5 Division 2009-11-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2547178A2 EP2547178A2 (fr) 2013-01-16
EP2547178A3 EP2547178A3 (fr) 2013-04-24
EP2547178B1 true EP2547178B1 (fr) 2014-07-16

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Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20120007145 Withdrawn EP2549839A3 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère dýinjection de plasma dotée dýune injection située à lýintérieur
EP12007031.3A Not-in-force EP2547179B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur
EP12007030.5A Not-in-force EP2547178B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur
EP09013864.5A Not-in-force EP2320714B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20120007145 Withdrawn EP2549839A3 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère dýinjection de plasma dotée dýune injection située à lýintérieur
EP12007031.3A Not-in-force EP2547179B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09013864.5A Not-in-force EP2320714B1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Tuyère d'injection de plasma dotée d'une injection située à l'intérieur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US8528835B2 (fr)
EP (4) EP2549839A3 (fr)
CN (1) CN102071390B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN104298164B (zh) * 2014-09-11 2017-11-03 芜湖鼎瀚再制造技术有限公司 一种等离子喷涂电控系统
CN104233172B (zh) * 2014-09-12 2016-11-30 芜湖鼎瀚再制造技术有限公司 一种等离子喷涂加工系统
CN104233173B (zh) * 2014-09-12 2016-09-21 芜湖鼎瀚再制造技术有限公司 一种等离子喷涂执行系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2549839A3 (fr) 2013-04-24
CN102071390A (zh) 2011-05-25
EP2320714B1 (fr) 2013-05-15
US9309587B2 (en) 2016-04-12
EP2547179A3 (fr) 2013-04-24
US8528835B2 (en) 2013-09-10
EP2549839A2 (fr) 2013-01-23
EP2547179B1 (fr) 2016-03-23
EP2320714A1 (fr) 2011-05-11
CN102071390B (zh) 2014-12-17
US20110101125A1 (en) 2011-05-05
US20130334176A1 (en) 2013-12-19
EP2547178A2 (fr) 2013-01-16
EP2547178A3 (fr) 2013-04-24
EP2547179A2 (fr) 2013-01-16

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