EP2540005A1 - Émission en mode sans formation de faisceau à l'aide de réseau d'antennes à formation de faisceau - Google Patents

Émission en mode sans formation de faisceau à l'aide de réseau d'antennes à formation de faisceau

Info

Publication number
EP2540005A1
EP2540005A1 EP10707857A EP10707857A EP2540005A1 EP 2540005 A1 EP2540005 A1 EP 2540005A1 EP 10707857 A EP10707857 A EP 10707857A EP 10707857 A EP10707857 A EP 10707857A EP 2540005 A1 EP2540005 A1 EP 2540005A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna elements
transmitters
beamforming
antenna
split signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10707857A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Mahr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
Original Assignee
Nokia Siemens Networks Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Siemens Networks Oy filed Critical Nokia Siemens Networks Oy
Publication of EP2540005A1 publication Critical patent/EP2540005A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method of transmitting in a non-beamforming mode with a beamforming antenna array.
  • Recent radio technology uses multi-element antennas plus mul ⁇ tiple transmitters and receivers to create fixed or variable beams to transmit to multiple individual user equipments in different directions at the same time.
  • This technique to nar ⁇ row the radiation to an individual user equipment (UE) is called "beamforming". By doing so, an individual transmission covers only a certain subsector of a whole cell of a cellular network.
  • the "beamforming mode" cannot be applied to all of the transmissions within this cell.
  • Several transmissions such as broadcasting/paging channels and transmissions to non-BF capable user equipments need to be addressed to the whole cell, not only to a subsector.
  • This situa ⁇ tion is that one of the transmitters needs to be dimensioned with much more power than the other ones.
  • the present invention aims at solving the above problems and provides an apparatus and a method in which an antenna array can be used both in beamforming mode and non-beamforming mode without restrictions.
  • the invention may also be implemented by a computer program product.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating a structure of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the inven- tion
  • Fig. 2 shows a diagram illustrating an example of a beamforming antenna array with cross-polarized antennas used for transmission in a non-beamforming mode.
  • an apparatus 10 comprises a processor 11, a memory 12, first to n-th transmitters 13i to 13 n , and first to n-th antennas 14i to 14 n .
  • Each antenna 14i to 14 n may have one or more antenna elements 15n to 15i k , 15 n i to 15 nk .
  • the processor 11 is connected to the memory and the transmitters 13i to 13 n which are provided for each of the antennas 14i to 14 n .
  • transmitter 13i is coupled to an antenna 14i, and a transmitter 13 n is coupled to an antenna 14 n , for example.
  • the transmitters 13i to 13 n transmit signals by means of the antennas or antenna elements with which they are coupled.
  • the antennas 14i to 14 n form an antenna array for radiating sig ⁇ nals.
  • the apparatus 10 may be part of a base station of a mo ⁇ bile communications network, or part of a user equipment.
  • connection means any connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements, and may encompass the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” together.
  • the coupling or connection between the elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof.
  • two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” together by the use of one or more wires, cables and printed electrical connec ⁇ tions, as well as by the use of electromagnetic energy, such as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency region, the microwave region and the optical (both visible and invisible) region, as non-limiting examples.
  • the memory 12 may store program instructions that, when exe ⁇ cuted by the processor 11, enable the apparatus 10 to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this inven ⁇ tion, as detailed below.
  • Inherent in the processor 11 is a clock to enable synchronism among the various apparatus for transmissions and receptions within the appropriate time in ⁇ tervals and slots required, as the scheduling grants and the granted resources/subframes are time dependent.
  • the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be implemented by computer software stored in the memory 12 and executable by the processor 11 of the apparatus 10, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and/or firmware and hardware in any or all of the devices shown.
  • the memory 12 may be of any type suitable to the local tech ⁇ nical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory.
  • the processor 11 may be of any type suitable to the local techni ⁇ cal environment, and may include one or more of general pur ⁇ pose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on a multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
  • Embodiments of the invention may be practiced in various com ⁇ ponents such as integrated circuit modules.
  • the design of in- tegrated circuits is by and large a highly automated process.
  • Complex and powerful software tools are available for con ⁇ verting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit de ⁇ sign ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor sub ⁇ strate .
  • Programs such as those provided by Synopsys, Inc. of Moun ⁇ tain View, California and Cadence Design, of San Jose, Cali ⁇ fornia automatically route conductors and locate components on a semiconductor chip using well established rules of de- sign as well as libraries of pre-stored design modules.
  • the resultant design in a standardized electronic format (e.g., Opus, GDSII, or the like) may be transmitted to a semiconductor fabrication facility or "fab" for fabrication.
  • the processor 11 splits a signal to be radiated from the apparatus 10 in a non-beamforming mode into n adjacent frequency ranges, whereby n split signals are obtained.
  • the n split signals are applied by the processor 11 to the n transmitters 13i to 13 n such that power is distributed equally to all (n x k) antenna elements 15n to 15i k , 15 n i to 15 nk .
  • n is an integer greater than one and k is an integer greater than zero.
  • the transmit ⁇ ters 13i to 13 n are provided in correspondence with the an ⁇ tennas 14i to 14 n , and each of the transmitters 13i to 13 n has an average transmit power of 1/n of the total transmit power.
  • Signals to be radiated in non-BF mode are split into adjacent frequency ranges so that the power of non-BF transmissions is equally distributed to all n antenna elements.
  • n equidistant frequency sub-bands can be used.
  • the split signals are achieved in OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplex) transmis ⁇ sions by splitting the signal to be radiated in the non- beamforming mode into n groups of subcarriers and then assign the resulting n sub-bands to the n antenna elements.
  • antenna elements can be used in an arrangement to compensate antenna pattern inaccu ⁇ racies of individual elements by using - in the same fre ⁇ quency band - such elements of the other polarisation layer which are located opposite to each other within the array.
  • a 4+4 cross-polarized an ⁇ tenna array 20 is assumed, with four antennas in a lambda/2 distance to cover a 120-degree sector.
  • Each of the four an ⁇ tennas comprises two antenna elements. That is, a first an ⁇ tenna comprises elements 15n and 15i 2 , a second antenna com- prises elements 15 2 i and 1522 / a third antenna comprises ele ⁇ ments 15 31 and 15 32 , and a fourth antenna comprises elements 15 41 and 15 42 -
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing and does not show vertical replication of antenna elements .
  • a signal to be radiated by the apparatus 10 is split into four adjacent frequency ranges.
  • the fre ⁇ quency split can easily be done in particular for OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access) or SC-DMA (Sin- gle-Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access) based systems, which employ an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transforma ⁇ tion) at the end of the baseband symbol layer processing prior to cyclic prefix insertion.
  • the frequency split may be aligned with PRB (subband group) boundaries.
  • the input signal to the IFFT constitutes the baseband frequency domain representation of the transmitted signal which allows for a straightforward splitting into the desired adjacent frequency ranges. This makes the present invention very appropriate for application in LTE or LTE-Advanced . Application to other systems which are based on code division multiplex, time division multi ⁇ plex, frequency division multiplex and combinations thereof may be considered, even though these systems per se may not employ such a final inverse Fourier Transformation, like the IFFT in OFDMA and SC-FDMA based systems.
  • Each of the four split signals is applied to two transmitters of two opposite antenna elements for the same frequency range.
  • the two opposite antenna elements are ele ⁇ ments of orthogonal polarisation layers and are located oppo ⁇ site to each other within the array.
  • the sum of beam-formed and non- beam-formed signals is equal for all 8 antenna elements.
  • the transmitters can be identical and need not to be over-dimensioned .
  • the antenna elements 15ii and 15i 2 belong to antenna 14i
  • the antenna elements 15 2 i and 1522 belong to antenna 14 2
  • the antenna elements 15 3 i and 15 32 belong to antenna 14 3
  • Transmitters 13i, 132, 13 3 and 13 4 are provided for the antennas 14i, 14 2 , 14 3 , 14 4 , respectively.
  • the processor 11 may form the split sig ⁇ nals and apply the split signals to the respective transmit ⁇ ters as described above, e.g. by processing a program stored in the memory 12.
  • a beamforming antenna array comprises n antennas 14i to 14 n having k an ⁇ tenna elements 15n to 15i k , 15 n i to 15 nk , n being an inte- ger greater than one and k being an integer greater than zero, n transmitters 13i to 13 n are provided in correspon ⁇ dence with the antennas 14i to 14 n , each of the n transmit ⁇ ters having an average transmit power of 1/n.
  • the processor 11 splits the signal to be radiated in a non-beamforming mode into n adjacent frequency ranges, thereby obtaining n split signals.
  • the processor applies each of the n split signals to k transmitters of k antenna elements for the same frequency range, wherein the k antenna elements are elements of or ⁇ thogonal polarisation layers and are located opposite to each other within the array.
  • transmitters may be provided for each of the antenna elements 15n to 15i k , 15 n i to 15 nk . Then an average transmit power of each transmitter is 1/ (n x k) .
  • transmit amplifiers can be de ⁇ signed identically and for minimum desired power level.
  • the average-to- max ratio (Crest-factor) for the transmitters is improved ac ⁇ cording to the ratio of power used in non-BF mode to BF mode.
  • an apparatus e.g. the apparatus 10 of Fig. 1, comprises a beamforming an ⁇ tenna array comprising n antennas having k antenna elements, n being an integer greater than one and k being an integer greater than zero, n transmitting means provided in correspondence with the antennas, each of the n transmitting means having an average transmit power of 1/n, and processing means for splitting a signal to be radiated in a non-beamforming mode into n adjacent frequency ranges, thereby obtaining n split signals, and applying the n split signals to the n transmitting means such that power is distributed equally to all (n x k) antenna elements.
  • the n adjacent frequency ranges may be n equidistant fre ⁇ quency sub-bands .
  • k may be greater than one and the processing means may apply each of the f split signals to k transmitters.
  • the processing means may comprise the processor 11 and the transmitting means may comprise the transmitters 14i to 14 n . It is to be understood that the above description is illus ⁇ trative of the invention and is not to be construed as limit ⁇ ing the invention. Various modifications and applications may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the ap ⁇ pended claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil (10) qui comporte un réseau d'antennes à formation de faisceau qui comprend n antennes (141 à 14n) possédant k éléments d'antenne (1511 à 151k,..., 15n1 à 15nk), n étant un entier supérieur à un et k étant un entier supérieur à zéro. L'appareil (10) comporte en outre n émetteurs (131 à 13n) fournis en correspondance avec les antennes (141 à 14n), chacun des n émetteurs ayant une puissance d'émission moyenne de 1/n de la puissance d'émission totale, et un processeur (11) qui divise un signal devant être émis dans un mode sans formation de faisceau en n plages de fréquence adjacentes, pour ainsi obtenir n signaux divisés, et applique les n signaux divisés aux n émetteurs (131 à 13n) de telle manière que la puissance est distribuée uniformément à l'ensemble des (n x k) éléments d'antenne (1511 à 151k,..., 15n1 à 15nk).
EP10707857A 2010-02-23 2010-02-23 Émission en mode sans formation de faisceau à l'aide de réseau d'antennes à formation de faisceau Withdrawn EP2540005A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/052253 WO2011103912A1 (fr) 2010-02-23 2010-02-23 Émission en mode sans formation de faisceau à l'aide de réseau d'antennes à formation de faisceau

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2540005A1 true EP2540005A1 (fr) 2013-01-02

Family

ID=43033339

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10707857A Withdrawn EP2540005A1 (fr) 2010-02-23 2010-02-23 Émission en mode sans formation de faisceau à l'aide de réseau d'antennes à formation de faisceau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2540005A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011103912A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014031062A1 (fr) * 2012-08-21 2014-02-27 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Formation de faisceau

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0216060D0 (en) * 2002-07-11 2002-08-21 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Improvements in or relating to multiple transmission channel wireless communic ation systems
US8412114B2 (en) * 2006-09-13 2013-04-02 France Telecom Adaptive method of transmitting and receiving a signal in a multi-antenna system, corresponding transmission and reception devices, computer program products and signal
US8204014B2 (en) * 2008-03-18 2012-06-19 Motorola Mobility, Inc. Method and system for codebook-based closed-loop MIMO using common pilots and analog feedback

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011103912A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011103912A1 (fr) 2011-09-01

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