EP2534428A1 - Method and device for melting a thermoplastic by supplying an exhaust gas, in particular for welding plastic parts - Google Patents

Method and device for melting a thermoplastic by supplying an exhaust gas, in particular for welding plastic parts

Info

Publication number
EP2534428A1
EP2534428A1 EP11700387A EP11700387A EP2534428A1 EP 2534428 A1 EP2534428 A1 EP 2534428A1 EP 11700387 A EP11700387 A EP 11700387A EP 11700387 A EP11700387 A EP 11700387A EP 2534428 A1 EP2534428 A1 EP 2534428A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
exhaust gas
distribution box
burner
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11700387A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ralf Bauer
Franz Hepp
Joachim Natrop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bielomatik Leuze GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bielomatik Leuze GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bielomatik Leuze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Bielomatik Leuze GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2534428A1 publication Critical patent/EP2534428A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B29C66/3472—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients in the plane of the joint, e.g. along the joint line in the plane of the joint or perpendicular to the joint line in the plane of the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0494—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using solid fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts, in which the plastic is heated by exposure to an exhaust gas, and a device for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts, with a distribution box, the outflow openings for the discharge of hot gas to heat the plastic, and a burner for generating exhaust gas as a process gas for melting the plastic, and a welding machine for welding plastic parts.
  • hot gases are directed to the joint surface of a part to be welded.
  • the parts to be welded for example, two, complementary parts made of plastic, are arranged, for example, opposite and away from each other.
  • a tool can be positioned between the two plastic parts to be welded.
  • the respective joining surface of each part is heated in each case by hot gas from the tool, which contains two sides for the outflow of the hot gas.
  • the joining surfaces of the two plastic parts are each melted without contact by one side of the tool. Subsequently, the two joining surfaces of the plastic parts are joined together and a component is created.
  • DE 10 2007 026 163 A1 discloses a method and a device for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts, in which the plastic is heated by means of a radiation body by thermal radiation and at the same time by convection with a hot gas , In the radiation body, heating gas is burned by means of a burner. As a result, the radiation body is strongly heated and emits radiant heat to the joining surface of the plastic parts on its outer surface. The exhaust gas produced in the burner collects in the interior of the channel-shaped radiation body, emerges from openings in the radiation body and impinges on the joining surfaces of the plastic parts.
  • the disadvantage is that the volumetric flow of the exhaust gas can only be controlled via the output of the burner if the volume flow of the hot exhaust gas for melting and / or welding of plastic is only generated by the burner.
  • a higher volume flow leads through the higher burner power required to a higher temperature of the volume flow and a smaller volume flow leads through the lower required burner power to a lower temperature of the flow rate.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device of the type described above, which makes it possible to adjust the volume flow and the temperature of the hot gas independently.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the exhaust gas is added before applying a further gas. It is advantageous that the volume flow and the temperature of the outflowing gas mixture in the distribution box with the aid of the individual distribution chambers are adjustable in segments. Furthermore, the volume flow and the outlet temperature of the gas from the individual distribution chambers in the direction of the melted and / or to be welded workpiece targeted within wide limits, which are necessary for the compensation of tolerances, weld bead thicknesses or material accumulations on the component adjustable. Also, the externally arranged burner for different distribution boxes, which are each connected by means of a hot gas line to the burner used.
  • the mixing of the further gas is preferably carried out in a distribution box containing outflow openings, to which the exhaust gas is supplied by means of a burner unit arranged in a separate housing.
  • the exhaust gas is preferably divided into partial streams for melting different plastic parts, to each of which a further gas is admixed.
  • the mixing of the partial flow of the exhaust gas and the further gas in the distribution box is preferably carried out in at least one distribution chamber.
  • the further gas is preferably preheated with the aid of the exhaust gas.
  • the tool which contains two sides for discharging the hot gas, and the two plastic parts are aligned horizontally, that is, the outflow of the hot gas is horizontal with respect to a surface.
  • the tool and the plastic part are aligned horizontally accordingly.
  • the tool which contains two sides for discharging the hot gas
  • the two plastic parts can be vertically aligned, that is, the outflow of the hot gas is vertical with respect to the surface.
  • the tool and the plastic part are aligned vertically.
  • the temperature and volume flow control is particularly important because the lower tool side is heated faster by the resulting heat accumulation and thus less heating power is needed.
  • the lower side of the tool but because of the unfavorable outflow down a higher pressure / flow rate need, so that the hot gas hits the joining zone of the plastic part with the same speed.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows in simplified form a welding machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, the melting of only one plastic part 1 by means of the method and the device of the invention.
  • the plastic part 1 has a three-dimensional designed joining surface, which forms the contour to be welded.
  • This Plastic part 1 is welded together after melting with another part of the joining surfaces of both parts to form a component (not shown).
  • the example shown in FIG. 1 contains a tool 2, a hot gas line 3 and a burner unit 4.
  • the tool 2 includes a distribution box 5.
  • the distribution box 5 includes at least one distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c for mixing an exhaust gas and another gas.
  • the distribution box 5 contains three distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c, which are segmented among themselves, that is, are separated from each other. As a result, the temperature in the three distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c is partially adjustable.
  • the distribution box 5 contains an outflow attachment 7.
  • the outflow attachment 7 has a two-dimensional or three-dimensional geometry and can be assembled from at least one attachment plate 9a, 9b, 9c.
  • the outflow attachment 7 has a three-dimensional geometry and is composed of three attachment plates 9a, 9b, 9c.
  • the attachment plates 9a, 9b, 9c have the task to distribute the hot, outflowing gas uniformly on the joining surface of the plastic part 1.
  • the outer contour of the distributor box 5 is at least partially adapted to the contour of the plastic part 1 to be heated by means of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7, so that the most constant distance between Ausströmaufsatz 7 and joining surface of the plastic part 1 is present.
  • the surface of the distribution box 5 of the joining surface of the plastic part 1 is designed adapted by means of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7.
  • the outflow attachment 7 contains at least one outflow opening 8 and / or at least one inserted tube for the discharge of the hot gas.
  • the outflow attachment 7 a plurality of outflow openings 8, which follow the contour of the joining surface of the plastic part 1.
  • the distance of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7 is set to be welded to the joining surface of the plastic part 1 to 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • the distribution box 5 contains at least one further supply 10a, 10b, 10c.
  • the distributor box 5 contains three feeders 10a, 10b, 10c for the supply of the further gas.
  • the hot gas line 3 is connected to Figure 1 with the distribution box 5.
  • the burner unit 4 is connected with a separate housing relative to the tool 2.
  • a burner 1 1 is arranged.
  • the burner 1 1 can be positioned on the sliding frame for the tool 2 or in the machine frame.
  • a fan 12 can be positioned in front of or behind the burner 1 1 in the burner unit 4. In the example of Figure 1, the fan 12 is seen in the flow direction of the blower 12 in front of the burner 1 1 arranged.
  • At least one temperature sensor is positioned in tool 2 for measuring the temperature of the hot effluent gas.
  • a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the hot, outflowing gas is positioned in the respective distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c.
  • each distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c of the tool 2 can be assigned its own burner 11, in particular when very large and / or complex plastic parts 1 have to be melted.
  • a gas preferably a mixture of methane and air, is burned in the burner 11, so that the exhaust gas is formed.
  • the combustion of methane produces water vapor, which has an advantageous effect on the welding process.
  • the blower 12 the exhaust gas flows as a process gas from the burner unit 4 in the hot gas line 3.
  • the exhaust gas is divided into a partial flow, which is introduced into the respective distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c of the distribution box 5.
  • the flow of the exhaust gas is divided into appropriate proportions into a partial flow in order, for example, to compensate for differences in thickness at different joining surfaces of the plastic part 1.
  • the exhaust gas flows without admixing of another gas by means of the outflow openings 8 through the Ausströmaufficient 7 on the joining surface of the plastic part 1, so that it melts.
  • the temperature sensor With the help of each of the temperature sensor while the temperature in the distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c is measured.
  • a further gas as supply air (bypass) are admixed by the respective feeds 10a, 10b, 10c to compensate for temperature and / or volumetric flow deviations during melting of the joining surface of the plastic part 1.
  • the gas mixed via the feeders 10a, 10b, 10c is mixed with the partial flows of the exhaust gas in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c to form a hot gas.
  • the gas admixed via the feeds 10a, 10b, 10c is also homogenized with the partial flows of the exhaust gas in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c.
  • the hot gas then emerges from the outflow openings 8 of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7 on the joining surface of the plastic part 1 and the joining surface of the plastic part 1 is melted.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention. Identical components are given the same reference numbers and new components are named with new reference numbers.
  • the device is shown in simplified form.
  • the tool 2 is shown in simplified form only with one side for the outflow of the hot gas in FIG.
  • the tool 2 consists of a distribution box 5, which contains two distribution chambers 6a, 6b.
  • the distribution box 5 further includes a Ausströmaufsatz 7, which consists of a single attachment plate 9 in the example and has a three-dimensional contour which is complementary to the joining surface of the plastic part 1.
  • the Ausströmaufsatz 7 includes a plurality of outflow openings 8, which are respectively adapted to the contour of the joining surface of the plastic part 1 adapted.
  • the two distribution chambers 6a, 6b of the distribution box 5 each contain a supply 10a, 10b.
  • a valve 16 is included in one of the feeders 10b. With the valve 16, the inflowing additional gas is adjustable in volume.
  • At least one temperature sensor is positioned in tool 2 for measuring the temperature of the hot effluent gas. In the example according to FIG. 1, in each case a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the hot, outflowing gas is positioned in the two distribution chambers 6a, 6b.
  • the apparatus of Figure 2 further includes a burner unit 4, which includes a burner 11, a hot gas line 3 and a gas-air mixer 13, in which the gas to be burned is premixed.
  • the device may also include more than one gas-air mixer 13.
  • the device includes a chamber 14 and a plurality of cooling fins 15.
  • the chamber 14 encloses the burner unit 4, which is surrounded by a housing 15 of cooling fins.
  • the device also contains an inflow fan 17.
  • the gas-air mixer 13 is connected by means of a line to the burner 1 1.
  • the burner unit 4 which is arranged in a separate housing, is connected to the distribution box 5 by means of the hot gas line 3.
  • the inflow fan 17 is connected to the chamber 14 by means of a conduit. From the chamber 14, a feeder 10b leads into the distribution box 5.
  • the heating gas flows through the conduit into the burner 1 1 and burns in this to an exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas flows through the Schugastechnisch 3 in the distribution box 5.
  • the exhaust gas is divided into two partial flows, wherein a partial flow into the one distribution chamber 6a and the other partial flow is introduced into the other distribution chamber 6b.
  • the exhaust gas flows through the Ausströmaufsatzes 7 through the discharge openings 8 on the joining surface of the plastic part 1.
  • the shape and type of joining surface of the plastic part 1 respectively appropriate proportions of partial streams in the two distribution chambers 6a, 6b passed. With the help of each of the temperature sensor while the temperature in the distribution chambers 6a, 6b is measured.
  • a further gas can be added to the two partial flows of the exhaust gas in order to adjust the volume flow and the temperature of the outflowing hot gas from the outflow openings 8.
  • another unheated gas which has a lower temperature relative to the exhaust gas, is conducted into the chamber 14 by means of the line.
  • the further gas which has been preheated by means of the exhaust gas in the chamber 14, flows from the chamber 14 by means of the feed 10b from the latter into a respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b and mixes there with the exhaust gas.
  • the further gas also homogenizes with the exhaust gas in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b.
  • the volume of supplied further gas through the supply 10 b can be adjusted by means of the valve 16.
  • a further gas can additionally flow through the feed 10a into the respective distribution chambers 6a, 6b and mix with the hot gases therein.
  • the further gas with the hot gases in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b homogenized.
  • the plastic part 1 is joined after melting of the joining surface with another part, so that, for example, a container is formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the melting of a thermoplastic, in particular for welding plastic parts (1). The plastic is heated by supplying an exhaust gas. According to the invention, a further gas is mixed with the exhaust gas prior to the supplying process.

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G  DESCRIPTION
VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM AUFSCHMELZEN EINES THERMOPLASTISCHEN KUNSTSTOFFES DURCH BEAUFSCHLAGUNG MIT EINEM ABGAS, INSBESONDERE ZUM SCHWEISSEN VON KUNSTSTOFFTEILEN METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MELKING A THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC BY BREAKING WITH AN EXHAUST GAS, ESPECIALLY FOR WELDING PLASTIC PARTS
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufschmelzen eines thermoplastischen Kunststoffes, insbesondere zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen, bei dem der Kunststoff durch Beaufschlagung mit einem Abgas erhitzt wird, und eine Vorrichtung zum Aufschmelzen eines thermoplastischen Kunststoffes, insbesondere zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen, mit einem Verteilerkasten, der Ausströmöffnungen für den Austritt von heißem Gas zur Erhitzung des Kunststoffs enthält, und einem Brenner zur Erzeugung von Abgas als Prozess-Gas zum Aufschmelzen des Kunststoffs, und eine Schweißmaschine zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen. The invention relates to a method for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts, in which the plastic is heated by exposure to an exhaust gas, and a device for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts, with a distribution box, the outflow openings for the discharge of hot gas to heat the plastic, and a burner for generating exhaust gas as a process gas for melting the plastic, and a welding machine for welding plastic parts.
Beim Konvektionsschweißen werden heiße Gase gezielt auf die Fügefläche von einem zu verschweißenden Teil gelenkt. Die zu verschweißenden Teile, beispielsweise zwei, sich komplementäre Teile aus Kunststoff, sind dabei beispielsweise gegenüberliegend und voneinander entfernt angeordnet. Zwischen beiden zu verschweißenden Kunststoffteilen ist beispielsweise ein Werkzeug positionierbar. Die jeweilige Fügefläche jeden Teiles wird jeweils durch heißes Gas aus dem Werkzeug, das zwei Seiten zum Ausströmen des heißen Gases enthält, erwärmt. Dabei werden die Fügeflächen der beiden Kunststoffteile jeweils durch eine Seite des Werkzeugs berührungslos aufgeschmolzen. Anschließend werden die beiden Fügeflächen der Kunststoffteile zusammengefügt und ein Bauteil entsteht. In convection welding, hot gases are directed to the joint surface of a part to be welded. The parts to be welded, for example, two, complementary parts made of plastic, are arranged, for example, opposite and away from each other. For example, a tool can be positioned between the two plastic parts to be welded. The respective joining surface of each part is heated in each case by hot gas from the tool, which contains two sides for the outflow of the hot gas. In this case, the joining surfaces of the two plastic parts are each melted without contact by one side of the tool. Subsequently, the two joining surfaces of the plastic parts are joined together and a component is created.
Bekannt ist aus der DE 10 2007 026 163 A1 ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Aufschmelzen eines thermoplastischen Kunststoffes, insbesondere zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen, bei dem (der) Kunststoff mittels eines Strahlungskörpers durch Wärmestrahlung und zugleich durch Beaufschlagung mit einem heißen Gas durch Konvektion erhitzt wird. In dem Strahlungskörper wird Heizgas mit Hilfe eines Brenners verbrannt. Dadurch wird der Strahlungskörper stark erhitzt und gibt auf seiner äußeren Oberfläche Strahlungswärme an die Fügefläche der Kunststoffteile ab. Das im Brenner entstehende Abgas sammelt sich im inneren des kanalförmigen Strahlungskörpers, tritt aus Öffnungen in dem Strahlungskörper aus und trifft auf die Fügeflächen der Kunststoffteile. DE 10 2007 026 163 A1 discloses a method and a device for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts, in which the plastic is heated by means of a radiation body by thermal radiation and at the same time by convection with a hot gas , In the radiation body, heating gas is burned by means of a burner. As a result, the radiation body is strongly heated and emits radiant heat to the joining surface of the plastic parts on its outer surface. The exhaust gas produced in the burner collects in the interior of the channel-shaped radiation body, emerges from openings in the radiation body and impinges on the joining surfaces of the plastic parts.
Nachteilig ist, dass der Volumenstrom des Abgases nur über die Leistung des Brenners steuerbar ist, wenn der Volumenstrom des heißen Abgases zum Aufschmelzen und/oder Schweißen von Kunststoff nur durch den Brenner erzeugt wird. Ein höherer Volumenstrom führt dabei durch die höhere notwendige Brennerleistung zu einer höheren Temperatur des Volumenstroms und ein geringerer Volumenstrom führt dabei durch die geringere notwendige Brennerleistung zu einer geringeren Temperatur des Volumenstroms. The disadvantage is that the volumetric flow of the exhaust gas can only be controlled via the output of the burner if the volume flow of the hot exhaust gas for melting and / or welding of plastic is only generated by the burner. A higher volume flow leads through the higher burner power required to a higher temperature of the volume flow and a smaller volume flow leads through the lower required burner power to a lower temperature of the flow rate.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, den Volumenstrom und die Temperatur des heißen Gases unabhängig voneinander einzustellen. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device of the type described above, which makes it possible to adjust the volume flow and the temperature of the hot gas independently.
Die Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass dem Abgas vor dem Beaufschlagen ein weiteres Gas zugemischt wird. Vorteilhaft ist, dass die Volumenströmung und die Temperatur des ausströmenden Gasgemisches in dem Verteilerkasten mit Hilfe der einzelnen Verteilerkammern segmentweise einstellbar sind. Weiterhin ist die Volumenströmung und die Austrittstemperatur des Gases aus den einzelnen Verteilerkammern in Richtung zu dem aufzuschmelzenden und /oder zu dem zu verschweißenden Werkstück gezielt in weiten Grenzen, die für den Ausgleich von Toleranzen, Schweißstegdicken bzw. Materialanhäufungen am Bauteil nötig sind, einstellbar. Auch ist der extern angeordnete Brenner für unterschiedliche Verteilerkästen, die jeweils mittels einer Heißgasleitung mit dem Brenner verbunden sind, einsetzbar. Zusätzlich ist die Variation der Temperatur des austretenden Gases durch die ungleichförmige Verbrennung eines Gases in einem Brenner mit Hilfe der Erfindung ausgleichbar. Durch die Einstellbarkeit des Volumenstroms und/oder der Temperatur des ausströmenden heißen Gases aus dem Verteilerkasten sind unterschiedliche Kunststofftypen mit dem gleichen Ausströmaufsatz verschweißbar. Auch ist nach der Erfindung die Anlage auf verschiedene Kunststofftypen und/oder Ausströmaufsätze schnell einstellbar. Die abhängigen Unteransprüche der Erfindung beschreiben bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung: The object is achieved according to the invention in that the exhaust gas is added before applying a further gas. It is advantageous that the volume flow and the temperature of the outflowing gas mixture in the distribution box with the aid of the individual distribution chambers are adjustable in segments. Furthermore, the volume flow and the outlet temperature of the gas from the individual distribution chambers in the direction of the melted and / or to be welded workpiece targeted within wide limits, which are necessary for the compensation of tolerances, weld bead thicknesses or material accumulations on the component adjustable. Also, the externally arranged burner for different distribution boxes, which are each connected by means of a hot gas line to the burner used. In addition, the variation of the temperature of the exiting gas by the non-uniform combustion of a gas in a burner with the aid of the invention is compensated. Due to the adjustability of the volume flow and / or the temperature of the outflowing hot gas from the distribution box different types of plastic with the same Ausströmaufsatz are welded. Also, according to the invention, the system is quickly adjustable to different types of plastic and / or Ausströmaufsätze. The dependent subclaims of the invention describe preferred embodiments of the invention:
Die Vermischung des weiteren Gases erfolgt bevorzugt in einem Ausströmöffnungen enthaltenden Verteilerkasten, dem das Abgas mittels einer in einem getrennten Gehäuse angeordneten Brennereinheit zugeführt wird. The mixing of the further gas is preferably carried out in a distribution box containing outflow openings, to which the exhaust gas is supplied by means of a burner unit arranged in a separate housing.
Das Abgas wird bevorzugt zum Aufschmelzen von unterschiedlichen Kunststoffteilen in Teilströme aufgeteilt, denen jeweils ein weiteres Gas zugemischt wird. The exhaust gas is preferably divided into partial streams for melting different plastic parts, to each of which a further gas is admixed.
Die Vermischung des Teilstroms des Abgases und das weitere Gas in dem Verteilerkasten erfolgt bevorzugt in mindestes einer Verteilerkammer. Das weitere Gas wird bevorzugt mit Hilfe des Abgases vorgewärmt. The mixing of the partial flow of the exhaust gas and the further gas in the distribution box is preferably carried out in at least one distribution chamber. The further gas is preferably preheated with the aid of the exhaust gas.
Zum Konvektionsschweißen sind das Werkzeug, das zwei Seiten zum Ausströmen des heißen Gases enthält, und die beiden Kunststoffteile horizontal ausgerichtet, das heißt die Ausströmung des heißen Gases erfolgt horizontal bezogen auf eine Fläche. Das Werkzeug und das Kunststoffteil sind dabei entsprechend horizontal ausgerichtet. For convection welding, the tool, which contains two sides for discharging the hot gas, and the two plastic parts are aligned horizontally, that is, the outflow of the hot gas is horizontal with respect to a surface. The tool and the plastic part are aligned horizontally accordingly.
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann das Werkzeug, das zwei Seiten zum Ausströmen des heißen Gases enthält, und die beiden Kunststoffteile vertikal ausgerichtet sein, das heißt die Ausströmung des heißen Gases erfolgt vertikal bezogen auf die Fläche. Das Werkzeug und das Kunststoffteil sind dabei entsprechend vertikal ausgerichtet. Bei vertikaler Anordnung ist die Temperatur- und Volumenstromregelung besonders wichtig, da die untere Werkzeugseite durch den entstehenden Wärmestau schneller erwärmt wird und somit weniger Heizleistung benötigt wird. Zusätzlich kann die untere Werkzeugseite aber wegen der ungünstigeren Ausströmung nach unten einen höheren Druck- /Volumenstrom benötigen, damit das heiße Gas mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit auf die Fügezone des Kunststoffteils trifft. Alternatively or additionally, the tool, which contains two sides for discharging the hot gas, and the two plastic parts can be vertically aligned, that is, the outflow of the hot gas is vertical with respect to the surface. The tool and the plastic part are aligned vertically. With a vertical arrangement, the temperature and volume flow control is particularly important because the lower tool side is heated faster by the resulting heat accumulation and thus less heating power is needed. In addition, the lower side of the tool but because of the unfavorable outflow down a higher pressure / flow rate need, so that the hot gas hits the joining zone of the plastic part with the same speed.
In den zwei Figuren sind jeweils bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen In the two figures each preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in detail. Show it
Figur 1 : ein Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung und Figure 1: an embodiment of the invention and
Figur 2: ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung. In Figur 1 ist eine Schweißmaschine nach der Erfindung vereinfacht dargestellt. In Figur 1 wird beispielhaft die Aufschmelzung nur eines Kunststoffteils 1 mit Hilfe des Verfahrens und der Vorrichtung der Erfindung dargestellt. Das Kunststoffteil 1 hat eine dreidimensional gestaltete Fügefläche, die die zu verschweißende Kontur bildet. Dieses Kunststoffteil 1 wird nach der Aufschmelzung mit einem weiteren Teil an den Fügeflächen beider Teile zu einem Bauteil miteinander verschweißt (nicht dargestellt). Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Beispiel enthält ein Werkzeug 2, eine Heißgasleitung 3 und eine Brennereinheit 4. Figure 2: another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1 shows in simplified form a welding machine according to the invention. FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, the melting of only one plastic part 1 by means of the method and the device of the invention. The plastic part 1 has a three-dimensional designed joining surface, which forms the contour to be welded. This Plastic part 1 is welded together after melting with another part of the joining surfaces of both parts to form a component (not shown). The example shown in FIG. 1 contains a tool 2, a hot gas line 3 and a burner unit 4.
Das Werkzeug 2 enthält einen Verteilerkasten 5. Der Verteilerkasten 5 enthält mindestens eine Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b, 6c zum Vermischen eines Abgases und eines weiteren Gases. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 enthält der Verteilerkasten 5 drei Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b, 6c, die untereinander segmentiert sind, das heißt voneinander abgetrennt sind. Dadurch ist bereichsweise die Temperatur in den drei Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b, 6c einstellbar. The tool 2 includes a distribution box 5. The distribution box 5 includes at least one distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c for mixing an exhaust gas and another gas. In the example of Figure 1, the distribution box 5 contains three distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c, which are segmented among themselves, that is, are separated from each other. As a result, the temperature in the three distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c is partially adjustable.
Vereinfacht ist in Figur 1 dargestellt, dass das Werkzeug 2 nur eine Seite zur Ausströmung des heißen Gases enthält. Simplified is shown in Figure 1 that the tool 2 contains only one side to the outflow of the hot gas.
Des Weiteren enthält der Verteilerkasten 5 einen Ausströmaufsatz 7. Der Ausströmaufsatz 7 weist eine zweidimensionale oder dreidimensionale Geometrie auf und ist aus mindestens einer Aufsatzplatte 9a, 9b, 9c zusammensetzbar. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 hat der Ausströmaufsatz 7 eine dreidimensionale Geometrie und ist aus drei Aufsatzplatten 9a, 9b, 9c zusammengesetzt. Die Aufsatzplatten 9a, 9b, 9c haben die Aufgabe, den das heiße, ausströmende Gas gleichmäßig auf der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 zu verteilen. Die Außenkontur des Verteilerkastens 5 ist zumindest teilweise der Kontur des zu erhitzenden Kunststoffteils 1 mittels des Ausströmaufsatzes 7 angepasst gestaltet, damit ein möglichst konstanter Abstand zwischen Ausströmaufsatz 7 und Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 vorliegt. Auch ist die Oberfläche des Verteilerkastens 5 der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 mittels des Ausströmaufsatzes 7 angepasst gestaltet. Der Ausströmaufsatz 7 enthält mindestens eine Ausströmöffnung 8 und/oder mindestens ein eingesetztes Rohr für die Abgabe des heißen Gases. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 enthält der Ausströmaufsatz 7 mehrere Ausströmöffnungen 8, die der Kontur der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 folgen. Der Abstand des Ausströmaufsatzes 7 ist zu der zu verschweißenden Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 auf 2 mm bis 5 mm eingestellt. Furthermore, the distribution box 5 contains an outflow attachment 7. The outflow attachment 7 has a two-dimensional or three-dimensional geometry and can be assembled from at least one attachment plate 9a, 9b, 9c. In the example according to FIG. 1, the outflow attachment 7 has a three-dimensional geometry and is composed of three attachment plates 9a, 9b, 9c. The attachment plates 9a, 9b, 9c have the task to distribute the hot, outflowing gas uniformly on the joining surface of the plastic part 1. The outer contour of the distributor box 5 is at least partially adapted to the contour of the plastic part 1 to be heated by means of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7, so that the most constant distance between Ausströmaufsatz 7 and joining surface of the plastic part 1 is present. Also, the surface of the distribution box 5 of the joining surface of the plastic part 1 is designed adapted by means of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7. The outflow attachment 7 contains at least one outflow opening 8 and / or at least one inserted tube for the discharge of the hot gas. In the example of Figure 1 contains the Outflow attachment 7 a plurality of outflow openings 8, which follow the contour of the joining surface of the plastic part 1. The distance of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7 is set to be welded to the joining surface of the plastic part 1 to 2 mm to 5 mm.
Der Verteilerkasten 5 enthält mindestens eine weitere Zuführung 10a, 10b, 10c. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 enthält der Verteilerkasten 5 drei Zuführungen 10a, 10b, 10c für die Zufuhr des weiteren Gases. Die Heißgasleitung 3 ist nach Figur 1 mit an den Verteilerkasten 5 angeschlossen. The distribution box 5 contains at least one further supply 10a, 10b, 10c. In the example according to FIG. 1, the distributor box 5 contains three feeders 10a, 10b, 10c for the supply of the further gas. The hot gas line 3 is connected to Figure 1 with the distribution box 5.
An die Heißgasleitung 3 ist die Brennereinheit 4 mit getrenntem Gehäuse gegenüber dem Werkzeug 2 angeschlossen. In der Brennereinheit 4 ist ein Brenner 1 1 angeordnet. Der Brenner 1 1 ist auf dem Verschiebegestell für das Werkzeug 2 oder im Maschinengestell positionierbar. Ein Gebläse 12 ist vor oder hinter dem Brenner 1 1 in der Brennereinheit 4 positionierbar. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 ist das Gebläse 12 in Strömungsrichtung des Gebläses 12 gesehen vor dem Brenner 1 1 angeordnet. To the hot gas line 3, the burner unit 4 is connected with a separate housing relative to the tool 2. In the burner unit 4, a burner 1 1 is arranged. The burner 1 1 can be positioned on the sliding frame for the tool 2 or in the machine frame. A fan 12 can be positioned in front of or behind the burner 1 1 in the burner unit 4. In the example of Figure 1, the fan 12 is seen in the flow direction of the blower 12 in front of the burner 1 1 arranged.
Mindestens ein Temperaturfühler ist im Werkzeug 2 zur Messung der Temperatur des heißen, ausströmenden Gases positioniert. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 ist jeweils ein Temperaturfühler zur Messung der Temperatur des heißen, ausströmenden Gases in den jeweiligen Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b, 6c positioniert. At least one temperature sensor is positioned in tool 2 for measuring the temperature of the hot effluent gas. In the example according to FIG. 1, in each case a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the hot, outflowing gas is positioned in the respective distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c.
Dem Werkzeug 2, das den Verteilerkasten 5 enthält, ist ein eigener Brenner 1 1 zugeordnet. Dadurch ist eine getrennte Temperatur- /Leistungsregelung möglich. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann jeder Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b, 6c des Werkzeugs 2 ein eigener Brenner 1 1 zugeordnet werden, insbesondere dann, wenn sehr große und/oder komplexe Kunststoffteile 1 aufgeschmolzen werden müssen. Zum Aufschmelzen des Kunststoffteils 1 wird in dem Brenner 1 1 ein Gas, vorzugsweise ein Gemisch aus Methan und Luft, verbrannt, so dass sich das Abgas bildet. Bei der Verbrennung von Methan entsteht Wasserdampf, der sich vorteilhaft auf den Schweißprozess auswirkt. Mittels des Gebläses 12 strömt das Abgas als Prozess-Gas aus der Brennereinheit 4 in die Heißgasleitung 3. Das Abgas wird in jeweils einen Teilstrom aufgeteilt, der in die jeweiligen Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b, 6c des Verteilerkastens 5 eingeleitet wird. Je nach zu verschweißendem Kunststoffteil 1 wird jeweils der Strom des Abgases in passenden Anteilen zu einem Teilstrom aufgeteilt, um beispielsweise Dickenunterschiede an verschiedenen Fügeflächen des Kunststoffteils 1 auszugleichen. The tool 2, which contains the distribution box 5, a separate burner 1 1 is assigned. As a result, a separate temperature / power control is possible. Alternatively or additionally, each distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c of the tool 2 can be assigned its own burner 11, in particular when very large and / or complex plastic parts 1 have to be melted. To melt the plastic part 1, a gas, preferably a mixture of methane and air, is burned in the burner 11, so that the exhaust gas is formed. The combustion of methane produces water vapor, which has an advantageous effect on the welding process. By means of the blower 12, the exhaust gas flows as a process gas from the burner unit 4 in the hot gas line 3. The exhaust gas is divided into a partial flow, which is introduced into the respective distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c of the distribution box 5. Depending on the plastic part 1 to be welded, in each case the flow of the exhaust gas is divided into appropriate proportions into a partial flow in order, for example, to compensate for differences in thickness at different joining surfaces of the plastic part 1.
Bei optimal eingestellter Brennereinheit 4 strömt das Abgas ohne Zumischung von einem weiteren Gas mittels der Ausströmöffnungen 8 durch den Ausströmaufsatz 7 auf die Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 , so dass diese aufschmilzt. Mit Hilfe jeweils der Temperaturfühler wird dabei die Temperatur in den Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b, 6c gemessen. With optimally adjusted burner unit 4, the exhaust gas flows without admixing of another gas by means of the outflow openings 8 through the Ausströmaufsatz 7 on the joining surface of the plastic part 1, so that it melts. With the help of each of the temperature sensor while the temperature in the distribution chambers 6a, 6b, 6c is measured.
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann jeweils den einzelnen Teilströmen des Abgases ein weiteres Gas, als Zuluft (Bypass), durch die jeweiligen Zuführungen 10a, 10b, 10c zugemischt werden, um Temperatur- und/oder Volumenstromabweichungen beim Aufschmelzen der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 auszugleichen. Das über die Zuführungen 10a, 10b, 10c zugemischte Gas wird mit den Teilströmen des Abgases in der jeweiligen Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b, 6c zu einem heißen Gas vermischt. Dabei wird das über die Zuführungen 10a, 10b, 10c zugemischte Gas auch mit den Teilströmen des Abgases in der jeweiligen Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b, 6c homogenisiert. Das heiße Gas tritt anschließend aus den Ausströmöffnungen 8 des Ausströmaufsatzes 7 auf die Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 aus und die Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 wird aufgeschmolzen. Alternatively or additionally, in each case the individual partial flows of the exhaust gas, a further gas, as supply air (bypass), are admixed by the respective feeds 10a, 10b, 10c to compensate for temperature and / or volumetric flow deviations during melting of the joining surface of the plastic part 1. The gas mixed via the feeders 10a, 10b, 10c is mixed with the partial flows of the exhaust gas in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c to form a hot gas. In this case, the gas admixed via the feeds 10a, 10b, 10c is also homogenized with the partial flows of the exhaust gas in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b, 6c. The hot gas then emerges from the outflow openings 8 of the Ausströmaufsatzes 7 on the joining surface of the plastic part 1 and the joining surface of the plastic part 1 is melted.
Das Kunststoffteil 1 wird anschließend mit einem weiteren Teil zusammengefügt, so dass sich beispielsweise ein Behälter ergibt. In Figur 2 wird ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung dargestellt. Gleiche Bauteile sind mit gleichen Bezugsziffern und neue Bauteile werden mit neuen Bezugsziffern benannt. The plastic part 1 is then joined together with another part, so that, for example, results in a container. FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention. Identical components are given the same reference numbers and new components are named with new reference numbers.
Eine Fügefläche eines Kunststoffteils 1 , die eine dreidimensionale Kontur hat, wird mit Hilfe eines Werkzeugs 2 in einer Schweißanlage zum Verschweißen von Kunststoffteilen 1 aufgeschmolzen. In Figur 2 ist die Vorrichtung vereinfacht dargestellt. Das Werkzeug 2 ist vereinfacht nur mit einer Seite zum Ausströmen des heißen Gases in Figur 2 dargestellt. A joining surface of a plastic part 1, which has a three-dimensional contour, is melted by means of a tool 2 in a welding system for welding plastic parts 1. In Figure 2, the device is shown in simplified form. The tool 2 is shown in simplified form only with one side for the outflow of the hot gas in FIG.
Das Werkzeug 2 besteht aus einem Verteilerkasten 5, der zwei Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b enthält. Der Verteilerkasten 5 enthält des Weiteren einen Ausströmaufsatz 7, der aus einer im Beispiel einzigen Aufsatzplatte 9 besteht und eine dreidimensionale Kontur hat, die der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 komplementär ist. Der Ausströmaufsatz 7 enthält mehrere Ausströmöffnungen 8, die jeweils passend der Kontur der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 angepasst gestaltet sind. Den beiden Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b des Verteilerkastens 5 enthalten jeweils eine Zuführung 10a, 10b. In einer der Zuführungen 10b ist ein Ventil 16 enthalten. Mit dem Ventil 16 ist das zuströmende weitere Gas vom Volumen her einstellbar. Mindestens ein Temperaturfühler ist im Werkzeug 2 zur Messung der Temperatur des heißen, ausströmenden Gases positioniert. Im Beispiel nach Figur 1 ist jeweils ein Temperaturfühler zur Messung der Temperatur des heißen, ausströmenden Gases in den beiden Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b positioniert. The tool 2 consists of a distribution box 5, which contains two distribution chambers 6a, 6b. The distribution box 5 further includes a Ausströmaufsatz 7, which consists of a single attachment plate 9 in the example and has a three-dimensional contour which is complementary to the joining surface of the plastic part 1. The Ausströmaufsatz 7 includes a plurality of outflow openings 8, which are respectively adapted to the contour of the joining surface of the plastic part 1 adapted. The two distribution chambers 6a, 6b of the distribution box 5 each contain a supply 10a, 10b. In one of the feeders 10b, a valve 16 is included. With the valve 16, the inflowing additional gas is adjustable in volume. At least one temperature sensor is positioned in tool 2 for measuring the temperature of the hot effluent gas. In the example according to FIG. 1, in each case a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the hot, outflowing gas is positioned in the two distribution chambers 6a, 6b.
Die Vorrichtung nach Figur 2 enthält weiterhin eine Brennereinheit 4, die einen Brenner 11 enthält, eine Heißgasleitung 3 und ein Gas-Luft-Mischer 13, in dem das zu verbrennende Gas vorgemischt wird. Alternativ kann die Vorrichtung auch mehr als einen Gas-Luft-Mischer 13 enthalten. The apparatus of Figure 2 further includes a burner unit 4, which includes a burner 11, a hot gas line 3 and a gas-air mixer 13, in which the gas to be burned is premixed. Alternatively, the device may also include more than one gas-air mixer 13.
Zusätzlich enthält die Vorrichtung eine Kammer 14 und mehrere Kühlrippen 15. Die Kammer 14 umschließt die Brennereinheit 4, die von einem Gehäuse aus Kühlrippen 15 umgeben ist. Des Weiteren enthält die Vorrichtung noch ein Zustromgebläse 17. In addition, the device includes a chamber 14 and a plurality of cooling fins 15. The chamber 14 encloses the burner unit 4, which is surrounded by a housing 15 of cooling fins. Furthermore, the device also contains an inflow fan 17.
Der Gas-Luft-Mischer 13 ist mittels einer Leitung mit dem Brenner 1 1 verbunden. Die Brennereinheit 4, die einem getrennten Gehäuse angeordnet ist, ist mittels der Heißgasleitung 3 mit dem Verteilerkasten 5 verbunden. Das Zustromgebläse 17 ist mittels einer Leitung mit der Kammer 14 verbunden. Aus der Kammer 14 führt eine Zuführung 10b in den Verteilerkasten 5. The gas-air mixer 13 is connected by means of a line to the burner 1 1. The burner unit 4, which is arranged in a separate housing, is connected to the distribution box 5 by means of the hot gas line 3. The inflow fan 17 is connected to the chamber 14 by means of a conduit. From the chamber 14, a feeder 10b leads into the distribution box 5.
Zum Aufschmelzen der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 werden in dem Gas-Luft-Mischer 13 vorzugsweise Methan und Luft als Heizgas gemischt. Das Heizgas strömt durch die Leitung in den Brenner 1 1 und verbrennt in diesem zu einem Abgas. Das Abgas strömt durch die Heizgasleitung 3 in den Verteilerkasten 5. Dazu wird das Abgas in zwei Teilströme aufgeteilt, wobei ein Teilstrom in die eine Verteilerkammer 6a und der andere Teilstrom in die andere Verteilerkammer 6b eingeleitet wird. Aus den beiden Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b strömt das Abgas mittels des Ausströmaufsatzes 7 durch die Ausströmöffnungen 8 auf die Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1. Je nach Form und Typ der Fügefläche des Kunststoffteils 1 werden jeweils passende Anteile an Teilströmen in die beiden Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b geleitet. Mit Hilfe jeweils der Temperaturfühler wird dabei die Temperatur in den Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b gemessen. To melt the joining surface of the plastic part 1, preferably methane and air are mixed as heating gas in the gas-air mixer 13. The heating gas flows through the conduit into the burner 1 1 and burns in this to an exhaust gas. The exhaust gas flows through the Heizgasleitung 3 in the distribution box 5. For this purpose, the exhaust gas is divided into two partial flows, wherein a partial flow into the one distribution chamber 6a and the other partial flow is introduced into the other distribution chamber 6b. From the two distribution chambers 6a, 6b, the exhaust gas flows through the Ausströmaufsatzes 7 through the discharge openings 8 on the joining surface of the plastic part 1. Depending on the shape and type of joining surface of the plastic part 1 respectively appropriate proportions of partial streams in the two distribution chambers 6a, 6b passed. With the help of each of the temperature sensor while the temperature in the distribution chambers 6a, 6b is measured.
Alternativ und ergänzend kann ein weiteres Gas den beiden Teilströmen des Abgases zugemischt werden, um den Volumenstrom und die Temperatur des ausströmenden heißen Gases aus den Ausströmöffnungen 8 einzustellen. Dazu wird mittels des Zustromgebläses 17 ein weiteres nicht erwärmtes Gas, das gegenüber dem Abgas eine geringere Temperatur hat, mittels der Leitung in die Kammer 14 geleitet. Durch die Verbrennung des Gemisches aus Methan und Luft zu einem Abgas geben die Kühlrippen 15 mittels Wärmeübertragung Wärme des Abgases an das weitere Gas ab. Alternatively and additionally, a further gas can be added to the two partial flows of the exhaust gas in order to adjust the volume flow and the temperature of the outflowing hot gas from the outflow openings 8. For this purpose, by means of the inflow blower 17, another unheated gas, which has a lower temperature relative to the exhaust gas, is conducted into the chamber 14 by means of the line. By the combustion of the mixture of methane and air to an exhaust gas, the cooling fins 15 by means of heat transfer heat of the exhaust gas to the other gas.
Das weitere Gas, das mit Hilfe des Abgases in der Kammer 14 vorgewärmt worden ist, strömt aus der Kammer 14 mittels der Zuführung 10b aus dieser in jeweils eine Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b und vermischt sich dort mit dem Abgas. Dabei homogenisiert auch das weitere Gas mit dem Abgas in der jeweiligen Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b. Das Volumen an zugeführtem weiterem Gas durch die Zuführung 10b kann mittels des Ventils 16 eingestellt werden. The further gas, which has been preheated by means of the exhaust gas in the chamber 14, flows from the chamber 14 by means of the feed 10b from the latter into a respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b and mixes there with the exhaust gas. The further gas also homogenizes with the exhaust gas in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b. The volume of supplied further gas through the supply 10 b can be adjusted by means of the valve 16.
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann zusätzlich ein weiteres Gas durch die Zuführung 10a in die jeweiligen Verteilerkammern 6a, 6b zuströmen und sich mit den heißen Gasen in diesen vermischen. Dabei homogenisiert auch das weitere Gas mit den heißen Gasen in der jeweiligen Verteilerkammer 6a, 6b. Alternatively or additionally, a further gas can additionally flow through the feed 10a into the respective distribution chambers 6a, 6b and mix with the hot gases therein. In this case, the further gas with the hot gases in the respective distribution chamber 6a, 6b homogenized.
Das Kunststoffteil 1 wird nach Aufschmelzung der Fügefläche mit einem weiteren Teil zusammengefügt, so dass beispielsweise ein Behälter entsteht. The plastic part 1 is joined after melting of the joining surface with another part, so that, for example, a container is formed.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. 1.
Verfahren zum Aufschmelzen eines thermoplastischen Kunststoffes, insbesondere zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen (1), bei dem der Kunststoff durch Beaufschlagung mit einem Abgas erhitzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Abgas vor dem Beaufschlagen ein weiteres Gas zugemischt wird. A method for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts (1), wherein the plastic is heated by exposure to an exhaust gas, characterized in that the exhaust gas is mixed before applying a further gas.
2. Second
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the
Vermischung des weiteren Gases in einem Ausströmöffnungen (8) enthaltenden Verteilerkasten (5) erfolgt, dem das Abgas mittels einer in einem getrennten Gehäuse angeordneten Brennereinheit (4) zugeführt wird. Mixing of the further gas in a distribution box (5) containing outflow openings (8) takes place, to which the exhaust gas is supplied by means of a burner unit (4) arranged in a separate housing.
3. Third
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Abgas zum Aufschmelzen von unterschiedlichen Kunststoffteilen (1) in Teilströme aufgeteilt wird, denen jeweils ein weiteres Gas zugemischt wird.  A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the exhaust gas for melting of different plastic parts (1) is divided into partial streams, which in each case a further gas is admixed.
4. 4th
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vermischung des Teilstroms des Abgases und das weitere Gas in dem Verteilerkasten (5) in mindestes einer Verteilerkammer (6a, 6b, 6c) erfolgt. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixing of the partial flow of the exhaust gas and the further gas in the distribution box (5) in at least one distribution chamber (6a, 6b, 6c) takes place.
5. 5th
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das weitere Gas mit Hilfe des Abgases vorgewärmt wird.  Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the further gas is preheated by means of the exhaust gas.
6. 6th
Vorrichtung zum Aufschmelzen eines thermoplastischen Kunststoffes, insbesondere zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen (1), mit einem Verteilerkasten (5), der Ausströmöffnungen (8) für den Austritt von heißem Gas zur Erhitzung des Kunststoffs (1) enthält, und einem Brenner (11) zur Erzeugung von Abgas als Prozess-Gas zum Aufschmelzen des Kunststoffs (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brenner (11) in einer Brennereinheit (4) mit getrennten Gehäuse angeordnet ist und über eine Heißgasleitung (3) mit an den Verteilerkasten (5) angeschlossen und dass der Verteilerkasten (5) zumindest eine weitere Zuführung (10a, 10b, 10c) für ein weiteres Gas enthält, das dem Abgas zugemischt wird.  Device for melting a thermoplastic, in particular for welding plastic parts (1), comprising a distributor box (5) which contains outflow openings (8) for the escape of hot gas to heat the plastic (1), and a burner (11) for Generation of exhaust gas as a process gas for melting the plastic (1), characterized in that the burner (11) in a burner unit (4) is arranged with separate housing and via a hot gas line (3) connected to the distribution box (5) and in that the distribution box (5) contains at least one further feed (10a, 10b, 10c) for a further gas which is admixed with the waste gas.
7. 7th
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the
Verteilerkasten (5) mindestens eine Verteilerkammer (6a, 6b, 6c) zum Vermischen des Abgases und des weiteren Gases enthält. Distribution box (5) at least one distribution chamber (6a, 6b, 6c) for mixing the exhaust gas and the further gas contains.
8. 8th.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gebläse (12) vor oder hinter dem Brenner (11) in der Brennereinheit (4) positionierbar ist.  Apparatus according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that a fan (12) in front of or behind the burner (11) in the burner unit (4) is positionable.
9. 9th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedem Werkzeug (2), das den Verteilerkasten (5) enthält, ein eigener Brenner (11) zugeordnet ist. Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that each tool (2) containing the distribution box (5), a separate burner (11) is associated.
10. 10th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennereinheit (4) von einer Kammer (14) umgeben ist, mittels der das weitere Gas vorwärmbar ist. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the burner unit (4) by a chamber (14) is surrounded, by means of which the further gas is preheated.
11. 11th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenkontur des Verteilerkastens (5) zumindest teilweise der Kontur der zu erhitzenden Kunststoffteile (1) mittels eines Ausströmaufsatzes (7) angepasst gestaltet ist. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the outer contour of the distribution box (5) is at least partially adapted to the contour of the plastic parts to be heated (1) by means of a Ausströmaufsatzes (7).
12. 12th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche des Verteilerkastens (5) der Fügefläche der Kunststoffteile (1) mittels des Ausströmaufsatzes (7) angepasst gestaltet ist.  Device according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the surface of the distribution box (5) of the joining surface of the plastic parts (1) by means of the Ausströmaufsatzes (7) is designed adapted.
13. 13th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausströmaufsatz (7) eine zweidimensionale oder eine dreidimensionale Geometrie aufweist.  Device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the Ausströmaufsatz (7) has a two-dimensional or a three-dimensional geometry.
14. 14th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausströmaufsatz (7) mindestens eine Ausströmöffnung (8) und/oder mindestens ein eingesetztes Rohr für die Abgabe des heißen Gases enthält. Device according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the Ausströmaufsatz (7) contains at least one outflow opening (8) and / or at least one inserted tube for the discharge of the hot gas.
15. 15th
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausströmaufsatz (7) aus mindestens einer Aufsatzplatte (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) zusammensetzbar ist.  Device according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the Ausströmaufsatz (7) from at least one attachment plate (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) is assembled.
16. 16th
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand des Ausströmaufsatzes (7) zu dem zu verschweißenden Kunststoff (1) auf 2 mm bis 5 mm eingestellt wird.  Method according to one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that the distance of the Ausströmaufsatzes (7) to the plastic to be welded (1) is set to 2 mm to 5 mm.
17. 17th
Schweißmaschine zum Schweißen von Kunststoffteilen (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 16 enthält.  Welding machine for welding plastic parts (1), characterized in that it comprises a device according to one of claims 6 to 16.
EP11700387A 2010-02-08 2011-01-07 Method and device for melting a thermoplastic by supplying an exhaust gas, in particular for welding plastic parts Withdrawn EP2534428A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010007317A DE102010007317A1 (en) 2010-02-08 2010-02-08 Method and device for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts
PCT/EP2011/000032 WO2011095268A1 (en) 2010-02-08 2011-01-07 Method and device for melting a thermoplastic by supplying an exhaust gas, in particular for welding plastic parts

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EP2534428A1 true EP2534428A1 (en) 2012-12-19

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US (1) US20120305164A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2534428A1 (en)
BR (1) BR112012019414A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2789099A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010007317A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2012007575A (en)
WO (1) WO2011095268A1 (en)

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DE102015207056A1 (en) 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 Bielomatik Leuze Gmbh + Co. Kg Heating device and heating method

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FR2608191A2 (en) * 1985-06-13 1988-06-17 Bernasconi Andre Method for fixing bituminous coverings for a roof or other covering structure and devices for the implementation of this method
DE8704033U1 (en) * 1987-03-18 1987-05-07 MSK-Verpackungs-Systeme GmbH, 4190 Kleve Device for generating hot gas for shrinking plastic films
JPH0777792A (en) * 1993-08-23 1995-03-20 E I Du Pont De Nemours & Co Apparatus and method for off-press
US8381715B2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2013-02-26 John Vancak Radiant tube heater assembly
DE102007026163A1 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Bielomatik Leuze Gmbh + Co Kg Method and device for melting a thermoplastic material, in particular for welding plastic parts
EP2065657A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-03 Leister Process Technologies Hot air machine with replaceable nozzle
DE102009003575A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-09 Krones Ag Apparatus and method for heat treatment of packaging goods

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US20120305164A1 (en) 2012-12-06
BR112012019414A2 (en) 2018-03-20
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MX2012007575A (en) 2012-07-30
DE102010007317A1 (en) 2011-08-11

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