EP2532978B1 - Système de chauffage au gaz direct - Google Patents

Système de chauffage au gaz direct Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2532978B1
EP2532978B1 EP12171337.4A EP12171337A EP2532978B1 EP 2532978 B1 EP2532978 B1 EP 2532978B1 EP 12171337 A EP12171337 A EP 12171337A EP 2532978 B1 EP2532978 B1 EP 2532978B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiant heater
gas fired
heat exchanger
heating system
radiant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12171337.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2532978A3 (fr
EP2532978A2 (fr
Inventor
Pieter Hendrik Bruinsma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mark Holding BV
Original Assignee
Mark Holding BV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mark Holding BV filed Critical Mark Holding BV
Publication of EP2532978A2 publication Critical patent/EP2532978A2/fr
Publication of EP2532978A3 publication Critical patent/EP2532978A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2532978B1 publication Critical patent/EP2532978B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
    • F24D5/08—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with hot air led through radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C13/00—Stoves or ranges with additional provisions for heating water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/04—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate
    • F24C3/042—Stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F24D11/004—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with conventional supplementary heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/006—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses air heating system
    • F24D11/008—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses air heating system with conventional supplementary heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04—Gas or oil fired boiler
    • F24D2200/043—More than one gas or oil fired boiler

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating system comprising at least one gas fired radiant heater, and a primary heat exchanger which is in thermal contact with the at least one gas fired radiant heater.
  • German utility model DE-U-20304733 discloses a gas fired space heating system wherein a burner, reflector and radiant tube are integrated in a housing.
  • a heat exchanger is provided which is used to cool the flue gases.
  • German patent DE 10 2007 047661 discloses a heating system suitable for heating two separate buildings, using a gas fired radiant heater in one building and a fluid based radiant heater in another building.
  • a primary heat exchanger is coupled to an exhaust duct of the gas fired radiant heater. Recuperated heat energy is used in a heating system for another building.
  • the present invention aims to provide a heating system with an improved efficiency over conventional gas fired heating systems.
  • a heating system according to claim 1 is provided.
  • the consumed energy is better used to heat a space.
  • the present invention relates to an extension set for a gas fired radiant heater according to claim 9.
  • a conventional gas fired radiant heater can be combined into a heating system with a much improved efficiency.
  • Space heating in e.g. office, factory or residential buildings can be accomplished by means of known direct gas fired radiant heaters. Utilizing such devices allows objects to be heated that are within the radiation range of the device. The air is not directly heated, only the irradiated object.
  • the efficiency of a direct gas fired radiant heaters is described in two ways: 1) flue gas exhaust channel efficiency, and 2) radiant efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present invention relates to an improved flue gas exhaust channel efficiency, wherein waste energy in flue gases from the combustion process is used to improve the overall efficiency.
  • Flue gas exhaust channel efficiency is determined by the excess air during combustion and flue gas temperature: less excess air and lower flue gas temperature implies a higher flue gas exhaust channel efficiency.
  • a direct gas fired radiant heater has a relatively limited flue gas exhaust channel efficiency compared to other gas fired heating systems that are used for space heating.
  • flue gas exhaust channel efficiency compared to other gas fired heating systems that are used for space heating.
  • One of the reasons for this is that it is generally undesirable to further cool the flue gases.
  • the radiant tube of a gas fired radiant heater must be as hot as possible to optimize radiation efficiency.
  • the problem is that an increase in flue gas exhaust channel efficiency causes a decrease in radiation efficiency, and the opposite is also often true.
  • the present invention embodiments allow for an improved flue gas exhaust channel efficiency without sacrificing radiation efficiency. This is achieved by using energy in the flue gases for heating a fluid and by actually using this heat. Virtually all of the energy released during combustion of the gas/air mixture is used, by means of a flue gas cooler which cools flue gases from a gas fired radiant heater and heats a fluid such as water. The radiation related efficiency of the gas fired radiant heater does not suffer from this method.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a heating system according to a first embodiment.
  • a gas fired radiant heater 20 comprises a radiant tube 2 (e.g. in the form of a U-shaped tube), whereof one end is connected to a gas burner 1.
  • the other end of the radiant tube 2 is connected to a flue gas exhaust channel 4.
  • the radiant tube 2 is suspended in a reflector 3 (e.g. in the form of a metal cap).
  • the gas burner 1 burns a gas/air mixture.
  • the flame which is generated heats the radiant tube 2.
  • the radiant tube 2 heats up, it starts to radiate (infrared energy), and the reflector 3 amplifies the heat radiation.
  • the flame, and further into the trajectory of the radiant tube 2 the flue gasses, are pushed or pulled by the (flue gas) fan 1a.
  • An air inlet/outlet combination 5 comprises an inlet duct 5a and an outlet duct 5b so that the gas fired radiant heater 20 can be operated with a closed combustion system, wherein air is sucked in from the outside environment of the building, and wherein flue gases are discharged to the outside environment.
  • the inlet duct 5a is connected to the gas burner via a fan 1a.
  • the flue gas exhaust duct 4 is connected to the outlet duct 5b.
  • the embodiments are also applicable to gas fired radiant heaters 20 comprising an open combustion system 20.
  • the inlet duct 5a then extracts air from the direct surrounding and is not part of a combined air inlet/outlet combination 5. Only the flue gas exhaust channel 4 is then connected to the outlet duct 5b in order to discharge flue gases to the outside environment.
  • the heating system further comprises a fluid based radiant heater 21, which is co-located with the gas fired radiant heater 20 for irradiating in the same space.
  • the fluid based radiant heater 21 comprises a fluid fed radiant panel 14 (or radiator) with a closed fluid circuit, e.g. based on water.
  • a fluid supply line 8 In the closed fluid circuit a fluid supply line 8, a fluid return line 9, and a pump 10 are present.
  • an overpressure valve 11 a (automatic) purge vent 12 , and an expansion vessel 13.
  • the possible pressure variations in the closed fluid circuit is absorbed by the expansion vessel 13, and when an overpressure is generated in the system the overpressure valve 11 will engage.
  • the purge vent 12 avoids the occurrence of trapped air pockets inside the system.
  • a primary heat exchanger 7 is further comprised in the closed fluid circuit.
  • the primary heat exchanger 7 functions as the flue gas cooler described above, by also providing this in the flue gas exhaust channel 4 upstream of the connection of the flue gas exhaust channel 4 to the outlet duct 5b. At this location the temperature of the flue gases can still be between 200 en 250°C, as a result of which the primary heat exchanger 7 is able to increase the temperature in the fluid circuit of the fluid based radiant heater 21 to a usual 70-90°C. Because the primary heat exchanger 7 cools the flue gases coming from the gas fired radiant heater 20, water condenses, which can be drained via a siphon 6 connected to the primary heat exchanger 7.
  • This embodiment of the heating system has a significantly improved flue gas exhaust channel efficiency compared to a gas fired radiant heater 20 on its own.
  • Water which is heated by the flue gas in the primary heat exchanger 7, is circulated through the fluid based radiant panel 14 by means of the pump 10.
  • the energy gained from the flue gases is then indirectly supplied to the space via the fluid based radiant panel 14 in the form of radiation and convection.
  • the flue gas exhaust channel efficiency is significantly improved, and the energy that would otherwise be lost to the outside air is supplied to the space in the same manner, i.e. as radiation.
  • the embodiments combine two different radiant heaters.
  • the use of a gas fired radiant heater 20 in combination with a fluid based radiant heater 21 increases the flue gas exhaust channel efficiency in the assembly as described.
  • the water circuit in this system is a closed circuit.
  • the heating system can be embodied in a number of variants, of which a first is shown in Fig. 1 and described above. A further variant is shown in the schematic view in Fig.2 . Compared to the Fig. 1 embodiment, three elements are alternatively configured, which each can be present on their own or in combination.
  • the fan 1a is not positioned just upstream of the gas burner 1, but in the flue gas exhaust channel 4 of the gas fired radiant heater 20. The outside air is thus sucked in the entire radiant tube 2 and the fan 1a acts as a flue gas fan.
  • a secondary heat exchanger 15 is comprised in the fluid circuit of the fluid based radiant heater 21.
  • the secondary heat exchanger 15 is placed in the reflector 3 and in thermal contact with the radiant tube 2, or above the radiant tube 2.
  • the gas fired radiant heater 20 is in operation, it is possible to transfer heat to the fluid circuit via the secondary heat exchanger 15.
  • the secondary heat exchanger 15 is comprised in the fluid circuit by means of a connection to the fluid fed radiant panel 14 via the fluid return line 9 at one end, and at the other end via a connection line 9a to the primary heat exchanger 7.
  • the mutual sequence of primary heat exchanger 7, secondary heat exchanger 15, pump 10, and radiant panel 14 can be changed as the fluid circuit of the fluid based radiant heater 21 is a closed circuit. This can also be applied in other embodiments.
  • a further embodiment of the heating system is shown schematically.
  • This example also includes a number of optional elements that can be used in one of the other embodiments as well.
  • this is the optional buffer vessel 16 included in the fluid circuit of the fluid based radiant heater 21, in which heated water can be stored.
  • the most important element of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 is that two gas fired radiant heaters 20 are used, i.e. the gas fired radiant heater 20 discusses above and at least one further gas fired radiant heater 20.
  • the associated primary heat exchangers 7 (and (optional) secondary heat exchangers 15) can be connected in parallel to each other by connecting lines 8a and 9a.
  • the fluid based radiant heater 21 is provided with two radiant panels 14 connected in parallel.
  • a cross sectional view is shown of an embodiment, wherein a radiant tube 2 (with reflector 3) of one gas fired radiant heater 20 is combined with two radiant panels 14 of one fluid based radiant heater 21 in order to form a composite panel.
  • Each radiant panel 14 comprises a plurality of pipes 24 connected to each other in parallel and a panel 25 thermally coupled to the pipes 24.
  • each radiant panel 14 comprises four pipe/panel combinations 24, 25.
  • the radiant panels 14 are positioned on both sides of the radiant tube 2 (which as such is mounted in a reflector 3).
  • Fig. 4b a further embodiment is shown wherein inside of the reflector 3 of the gas fired radiant heater 20 a number of pipes 24 of an additional radiant panel 14 of a fluid based radiant heater 21 are added.
  • the assembly according to the embodiments of Fig. 4a or Fig. 4b can be included in a second reflector. This yields an integrated set-up that can be easily installed in a space, e.g. suspended from the ceiling. Also other configurations of numbers of radiant tubes 2 and radiant panels 14 are conceivable.
  • a plurality of gas fired radiant heaters 20 are combined and connected to a single inlet duct 5a and a single outlet duct 5b.
  • a minimum of two gas fired radiant heaters are then present in this embodiment.
  • the flue gases are transported from the radiant tubes 2 of the individual radiant heaters 20 towards one common flue gas exhaust channel 4.
  • the heat exchanger 7 is connected to this single flue gas exhaust channel 4 in order to heat the fluid of the fluid based radiant heater 21, so that the radiant panels 14 can be used efficiently.
  • the primary heat exchanger 7 is then in thermal contact with the common flue gas exhaust channel 4 of the at least two gas fired radiant heaters 20.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to gas fired radiant heaters 20 with an open combustion system.
  • the inlet duct 5a in this case retrieves air from the direct environment and does not form part of a combined air inlet/outlet combination 5. Only the common flue gas exhaust channel 4 is then connected to the outlet duct 5b for discharging flue gases to the outside environment.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to an extension set for a gas fired radiant heater 20.
  • the extension set comprises a fluid based radiant heater 21, a primary heat exchanger 7 which is comprised in a fluid circuit of the fluid based radiant heater 21.
  • the primary heat exchanger 7 can be put in thermal contact with the at least one gas fired radiant heater 20, yielding a heating system as described above.
  • the extension set further comprises a secondary heat exchanger 15 comprised in the fluid circuit in series with the primary heat exchanger 7.
  • the extension set comprises a buffer vessel connectable to the fluid circuit of the fluid based radiant heater 21.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Système de chauffage comprenant au moins un appareil chauffant radiant (20) fonctionnant au gaz, et un premier échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire en contact thermique avec l'appareil ou les appareils chauffants radiants (20) fonctionnant au gaz, le système de chauffage comprenant en outre au moins un appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide, le premier échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire faisant partie d'un circuit de fluide de l'appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide, et l'appareil ou les appareils chauffants radiants (20) fonctionnant au gaz et l'appareil ou les appareils chauffants radiants (21) à fluide étant colocalisés pour irradier le même espace, comprenant en outre un échangeur (15) de chaleur secondaire, qui est positionné dans le circuit de fluide en série avec le premier échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil ou les appareils chauffants radiants (20) fonctionnant au gaz comprenant un tube radiant (2), et l'échangeur (15) de chaleur secondaire étant en contact thermique avec le tube radiant (2).
  2. Système de chauffage selon la revendication 1, l'appareil ou les appareils chauffants radiants (20) fonctionnant au gaz comprenant un conduit (4) d'évacuation de gaz de combustion, et le premier échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire étant en contact thermique avec le conduit (4) d'évacuation de gaz de combustion.
  3. Système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, comprenant en outre une entrée d'air et une sortie (5) d'air combinées reliées à l'appareil chauffant radiant (20) fonctionnant au gaz, un ventilateur (1a) étant relié à l'entrée (5a) d'air, et une sortie du ventilateur (1a) étant reliée à un brûleur (1) à gaz de l'appareil chauffant radiant (20) fonctionnant au gaz.
  4. Système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, comprenant en outre une entrée d'air et une sortie (5) d'air combinées reliées à l'appareil chauffant radiant (20) fonctionnant au gaz, un ventilateur (1a) étant relié à la sortie (5b) d'air, et l'entrée (5a) d'air étant reliée à un brûleur (1) à gaz de l'appareil chauffant radiant (20) fonctionnant au gaz.
  5. Système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant au moins un appareil chauffant radiant supplémentaire (20) fonctionnant au gaz, muni d'un échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire supplémentaire, et les premiers échangeurs (7) de chaleur primaires de l'appareil chauffant radiant fonctionnant au gaz et l'appareil ou les appareils chauffants radiants supplémentaires (20) fonctionnant au gaz étant reliés en parallèle dans le circuit de fluide de l'appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide.
  6. Système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant au moins un appareil chauffant radiant supplémentaire (20) fonctionnant au gaz, muni d'un échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire supplémentaire en contact thermique avec un conduit commun (4) d'évacuation de gaz de combustion de l'appareil chauffant radiant fonctionnant au gaz et de l'appareil ou des appareils chauffants radiants supplémentaires (20) fonctionnant au gaz.
  7. Système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, un tube radiant (2) de l'appareil ou des appareils chauffants radiants (20) fonctionnant au gaz et un ou plusieurs panneaux radiants (14) de l'appareil ou des appareils chauffants radiants (21) à fluide étant combinés en un panneau radiant composite.
  8. Système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, l'appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide comprenant en outre un récipient tampon (16) relié au circuit de fluide.
  9. Ensemble d'extension pour appareil chauffant radiant (20) fonctionnant au gaz, comprenant : au moins un appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide doté d'un circuit de fluide et d'un échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire faisant partie du circuit de fluide de l'appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide, comprenant en outre un échangeur (15) de chaleur secondaire positionné dans le circuit de fluide en série avec l'échangeur (7) de chaleur primaire et l'ensemble d'extension pouvant être relié thermiquement à l'appareil ou aux appareils chauffants radiants (20) fonctionnant au gaz pour former le système de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.
  10. Ensemble d'extension selon la revendication 9, l'appareil chauffant radiant (21) à fluide comprenant en outre un récipient tampon (16) pouvant être relié au circuit de fluide.
EP12171337.4A 2011-06-09 2012-06-08 Système de chauffage au gaz direct Active EP2532978B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2006919A NL2006919C2 (nl) 2011-06-09 2011-06-09 Direct gasgestookt verwarmingsapparaat.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2532978A2 EP2532978A2 (fr) 2012-12-12
EP2532978A3 EP2532978A3 (fr) 2014-05-21
EP2532978B1 true EP2532978B1 (fr) 2017-04-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12171337.4A Active EP2532978B1 (fr) 2011-06-09 2012-06-08 Système de chauffage au gaz direct

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2532978B1 (fr)
NL (1) NL2006919C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201600085950A1 (it) * 2016-08-18 2018-02-18 Oscar Pallaro Impianto di riscaldamento a condotti radianti

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4331121A1 (de) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-16 Richard Vetter Verbrennungsgase erzeugende Anlage, insb. Warmwasserheizkessel
DE20304733U1 (de) 2003-03-24 2003-08-14 Schwank Gmbh Strahlungsbrenner
DE202007018972U1 (de) * 2007-09-18 2010-03-04 Kübler Gmbh Anordnung zum Beheizen von Gebäuden mit einer Infrarotheizung
ITVI20090234A1 (it) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-26 Termotecniche Fraccaro S R L Off Dispositivo per il riscaldamento di ambienti ad alta efficienza energetica, nonche' sistema riscaldante comprendente tale dispositivo

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Publication number Publication date
EP2532978A3 (fr) 2014-05-21
EP2532978A2 (fr) 2012-12-12
NL2006919C2 (nl) 2012-12-11

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