EP2532087A2 - Unité de détection à fixer sur une machine électrique et système de moteur - Google Patents

Unité de détection à fixer sur une machine électrique et système de moteur

Info

Publication number
EP2532087A2
EP2532087A2 EP11703633A EP11703633A EP2532087A2 EP 2532087 A2 EP2532087 A2 EP 2532087A2 EP 11703633 A EP11703633 A EP 11703633A EP 11703633 A EP11703633 A EP 11703633A EP 2532087 A2 EP2532087 A2 EP 2532087A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor position
sensor unit
sensor
electrical
electric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11703633A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Meyer
Helmut Meier
Stefan Demont
Torsten Gmuend
Marcus Meyer
Martin-Peter Bolz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2532087A2 publication Critical patent/EP2532087A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/15—Controlling commutation time
    • H02P6/153—Controlling commutation time wherein the commutation is advanced from position signals phase in function of the speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • H02P6/17—Circuit arrangements for detecting position and for generating speed information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to sensor units for determining a rotor position for operating electronically commutated electrical machines and an engine system with an electronically commutated machine.
  • the invention relates to motor systems in which sensor signals are transmitted from a position sensor to a control device for controlling the electronically commutated machine, so that the control device can perform the electronic commutation of the machine.
  • the electrical machines are multiphase motors, e.g. Synchronous motors in which, depending on the rotor position, the phase voltages are determined to produce a multi-phase, usually sinusoidal motor current corresponding to the desired requirements for speed and drive torque.
  • the rotor position is usually detected by means of a position sensor and fed in a suitable manner to a control unit for generating the control signals required for the commutation of the electric machine.
  • the position sensors either supply an analog electric power dependent on the position of the rotor Size, such as a voltage, signal pulses or already a digitized indication of the absolute rotor position, as provided for example in absolute position sensors.
  • the position sensors can be used, for example, in the form of Hall sensors, GMR
  • GMR Giant Magnetic Resistance
  • This type of position sensor outputs a voltage dependent on the rotor position voltage signal.
  • an analog-to-digital converter in the control unit, so that both the evaluation of the sensor signal and the electronic commutation is carried out in the control unit on the basis of the digitized rotor position.
  • the commutation of the electrical machine is generally carried out so that the results of the application of the phase voltages current phasor of the electric rotor position by 90 ° leading to provide a maximum torque.
  • the dependence between the operating point of the electric machine and the phase position of the optimal or the predetermined current vector depending on the rotor position can be determined by means of a motor function, which is stored for example in a motor map. When controlling the machine, this engine map is retrieved accordingly. In today's engine systems, the controller must have access to the engine map for each machine type. As a rule, the engine map is programmed into the control unit, so that the control unit is adapted to the type of electrical machine. This is expensive and it is particularly desirable to operate engine systems with standardized control units, which need not be individualized to the respective engine type. Disclosure of the invention
  • a sensor unit for attachment to an electrical machine.
  • the sensor unit comprises:
  • a position sensor for providing an indication of the electrical rotor position of a rotor of the electric machine
  • One idea of the invention is to provide a sensor unit which, in addition to the actual position sensor, also has a motor identification unit which can externally provide a modified indication of the electric rotor position.
  • a motor map is stored in the engine Kennfeldech 6, which acts on the determined rotor position or modified so that operating point dependent a lead or lag is achieved.
  • the engine map is used to specify depending on the type of electric machine, with which advance or lag the electric rotor position with respect to a conventional control, the electrical machine should be optimally controlled at certain operating points.
  • the sensor unit has an interface unit in order to communicate the corresponding modified indication of the electrical rotor position to a control unit, which is available as a standardized control unit and therefore can not take into account the particular type of electrical machine.
  • the sensor unit can be embodied as a single component, in particular separated from the control unit.
  • the position sensor may comprise a detector which outputs a voltage dependent on the rotor position, wherein the motor identifier unit is designed to digitize the voltage in order to obtain the information about the electrical rotor position.
  • the position sensor may comprise a pulse generator which generates pulses during a movement of the rotor, wherein the engine identifier unit is designed to count the pulses and to provide the counter value as the indication of the electrical rotor position.
  • the engine characteristic diagram can indicate an overfeed / lag depending on the rotational speed of the electric machine and / or depending on a desired drive torque and / or dependent on a momentary drive torque, wherein the engine characteristic field unit is designed to operate with the aid of Lead / lag modify the electrical rotor position specification to obtain the modified electrical rotor position indication.
  • an engine system in another aspect, includes:
  • An electrical machine in particular an electrically commutated machine
  • a controller for controlling the driver circuit to operate the electric machine
  • a sensor unit which is arranged on the electric machine, so that the information about the rotor position can be determined by means of the position sensor.
  • control unit can be designed to communicate an indication of a desired drive torque and / or an instantaneous drive torque to the sensor unit.
  • Figure 2 is a signal diagram showing the timing of the motor voltage and the motor current in a three-phase electronically commutated synchronous machine
  • FIG. 3 shows a signal diagram for illustrating the time profiles of the motor voltage and the motor current in a three-phase electronically commutated synchronous machine by way of example with variable pre-commutation with an intelligent sensor unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows an engine system 1 for driving an electronically commutated machine, such as e.g. a synchronous machine.
  • the illustrated synchronous machine is in the present embodiment, a three-phase synchronous machine, which is supplied via a suitable driver circuit 3 with electrical energy.
  • the driver circuit 3 is designed for a three-phase control of the synchronous machine and comprises, for example, three inverter circuits, one for each phase. Alternatively, three half-bridge circuits for controlling the individual phases of the synchronous machine 2 may be provided.
  • the driver circuit 3 provides a positive phase potential, a negative phase potential or a phase potential of 0 volts for each phase of the synchronous machine 2.
  • the control of the synchronous machine 2 is effected by 120 ° offset from each other periodic control variables, which are composed of a sequence of the above phase potentials.
  • FIG. 2 shows, for example, a signal-time diagram which shows the course of the applied phase voltages U u , U v , U w and the resulting motor currents i u , i v , i w over the electrical rotor position at a specific load and speed the synchronous machine 2 indicates.
  • the control signals for driving the driver circuit 3 are provided by a control unit 4.
  • the controller 4 is preferably formed as a conventional controller 4 provided as a standard controller for various types of engines.
  • the control unit 4 is designed to Depending on a current electrical rotor position to generate the corresponding control signals for the driver circuit 3.
  • the control signals generated by such a control unit 4 generate phase voltages, which lead to a current pointer, which has 90 ° lead with respect to an electrical rotor position. In this way, the stator magnetic field is generated perpendicular to the field magnet field to provide a maximum drive torque.
  • the electric rotor position corresponds to the mechanical rotor position divided by the number of rotor pole pairs.
  • a position sensor 5 is arranged, for example, a Hall sensor or a GMR sensor or the like.
  • the position sensor 5 usually provides an analog electrical quantity, from which the electrical rotor position of the synchronous machine 2 can be derived. As a rule, such position sensors 5 provide a voltage signal.
  • the control unit 4 has a position signal input in order to obtain an indication of a rotor position. Depending on the transmitted information about the rotor position, the control unit 4 generates control signals according to a predetermined pattern, in particular so that the current vector is leading by approximately 90 ° electrical rotor position. In general, however, it may depend on the type of electrical
  • Machine may be necessary to perform a forward or Nachkommut réelle in which the commutation of the individual phases varies depending on the speed and the drive torque to be provided and in particular the electrical rotor position is leading.
  • the engine function which maps the speed and / or the drive torque to be provided to a lead depending on the type of the electric machine, is often implemented in the structure of the motor system in the control unit 4. However, this is complicated because the control unit 4 must be adapted accordingly to different types of electrical machines.
  • the modeling unit provides a preparation with which a digital indication of the instantaneous electrical rotor position can be specified. If the position sensor supplies a voltage signal that depends on the electrical rotor position, then an analog-to-digital converter 61 can be provided in order to provide the digitized voltage signal as a digitized indication of the electrical rotor position. Alternatively, the position sensor 5 can also directly provide a digital indication of the electrical rotor position, so that no analog-to-digital converter is necessary.
  • a position counter can be provided in the chip unit 6, which provides the current rotor position by incrementing or decrementing (depending on the direction of movement of the rotor) ,
  • the digitized indication of the electric rotor position is supplied to a motor characteristic field device 62, in which, depending on a rotational speed of the synchronous machine 2 and / or depending on the electrical rotor position and / or depending on the drive torque to be provided, a modification of the specification of the electrical rotor position is performed. This modification can be done by digital or analog methods.
  • the engine mapper 62 includes an engine map that is adapted to the type of engine used and provided by the manufacturer of the synchronous machine. The engine map indicates - in degrees of electrical rotor position - which lead or lag the electronic commutation is to be set at the current operating point.
  • the specification of the electrical rotor position is added to the determined from the engine map lead or lag and the thus modified specification communicates with the electrical rotor position to the control unit 4.
  • other types of calculation can be used to apply the information about the electric rotor position, with which a lead or lag can be determined.
  • a rotational speed determination unit 63 is provided in the characteristic unit 6, which determines a rotational speed indication from chronologically consecutive information about the electrical rotor position.
  • the speed specification is calculated in a known manner from the evaluation of successive details of the electrical rotor layers by the position sensor 5.
  • the chip unit 6 further has an interface unit 64, which communicates the modified specification for the electric rotor position to the control unit 4. Furthermore, if the engine map of the engine mapping device 62 is to provide the modified electric runner attitude indication depending on a desired drive torque or momentary drive torque, the interface unit 64 may also be configured to receive the corresponding information from the controller 4 and from a controller, respectively suitable detector for detecting the motor current to receive.
  • the control unit 4 generates the control signals depending on the modified specifications of the electric rotor position, whereby the commutation takes place earlier or later by the lead or lag than is provided according to the conventional function implemented in the control unit 4.
  • control unit 4 may be designed to transmit an indication of a desired drive torque to the sensor unit 7.
  • the position sensor 5 and the chip unit 6 are integrated, e.g. to provide on a common circuit board, which is arranged on or in the synchronous machine 2.
  • the map is suitably transmitted from the Kennfeldech 6 to the control unit 4, so that the control unit 4 is adapted to the type of motor 2.
  • the modification is then carried out not in the Kennfeldech 6 but in the control panel 4 and it will be transmitted in the control unit 4, the digitized rotor position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité de détection à fixer sur une machine électrique, cette unité de détection comprenant : un capteur de position fournissant une indication sur la position du rotor électrique de la machine électrique; une unité de cartographie moteur pourvue d'un dispositif de cartographie moteur pour modifier l'indication sur la position du rotor électrique en fonction de points de fonctionnement conformément à une cartographie moteur prédéfinie, ainsi qu'une unité d'interface destinée à fournir en externe l'indication modifiée concernant la position du rotor électrique.
EP11703633A 2010-02-01 2011-01-31 Unité de détection à fixer sur une machine électrique et système de moteur Withdrawn EP2532087A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010001427A DE102010001427A1 (de) 2010-02-01 2010-02-01 Sensoreinheit zur Befestigung an einer elektrischen Maschine sowie Motorsystem
PCT/EP2011/051276 WO2011092320A2 (fr) 2010-02-01 2011-01-31 Unité de détection à fixer sur une machine électrique et système de moteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2532087A2 true EP2532087A2 (fr) 2012-12-12

Family

ID=44315850

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11703633A Withdrawn EP2532087A2 (fr) 2010-02-01 2011-01-31 Unité de détection à fixer sur une machine électrique et système de moteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2532087A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102725954A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010001427A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011092320A2 (fr)

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DE102013203388B3 (de) * 2013-02-28 2014-03-20 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Rotorlagegeber für eine elektronisch kommutierte elektrische Maschine mit einem Referenzgeber
DE102014210885A1 (de) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-17 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Betriebs eines Elektromotors
DE102014210878A1 (de) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-17 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Betriebs eines Elektromotors
DE102014225534B3 (de) * 2014-12-11 2015-12-10 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Verfahren zur Optimierung einer Ansteuerdynamik eines Elektromotors, vorzugsweise zur Anwendung in einem hydrostatischen Kupplungsaktor eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102016214497A1 (de) 2016-08-05 2018-02-08 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Steuerungseinheit und Verfahren zum Steuern einer elektrischen Maschine
DE112017006874B4 (de) 2017-01-20 2022-08-18 Denso Corporation Scheibenwischervorrichtung
CN112425060A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2021-02-26 马威动力控制技术有限公司 用于电气机器的校准和诊断设备及方法
DE102018121267A1 (de) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugs sowie Kraftfahrzeug

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DE3819064C3 (de) * 1988-06-04 1995-05-18 Quick Rotan Elektromotoren Verfahren zur Steuerung von bürstenlosen Elektromotoren sowie Steuerschaltung hierfür
US5677605A (en) * 1989-08-22 1997-10-14 Unique Mobility, Inc. Brushless DC motor using phase timing advancement
ATE268515T1 (de) * 1994-07-01 2004-06-15 Uqm Tech Inc Bürstenloser gleichstrommotor mit vorgezogener phasensynchronisierung
JP3367260B2 (ja) * 1995-03-24 2003-01-14 三菱電機株式会社 エンコーダ装置及びサーボモーター制御装置
DE10220779A1 (de) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern eines elektrischen Motors
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CN201018440Y (zh) * 2007-03-16 2008-02-06 北京中纺锐力机电有限公司 开关磁阻电机转子的角位置和转速检测装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010001427A1 (de) 2011-08-04
WO2011092320A2 (fr) 2011-08-04
WO2011092320A3 (fr) 2012-03-01
CN102725954A (zh) 2012-10-10

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