EP2527014A1 - Ski sole - Google Patents
Ski sole Download PDFInfo
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- EP2527014A1 EP2527014A1 EP11180996A EP11180996A EP2527014A1 EP 2527014 A1 EP2527014 A1 EP 2527014A1 EP 11180996 A EP11180996 A EP 11180996A EP 11180996 A EP11180996 A EP 11180996A EP 2527014 A1 EP2527014 A1 EP 2527014A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- graphene
- ski coating
- coating according
- carbon black
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 19
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/04—Structure of the surface thereof
- A63C5/056—Materials for the running sole
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plastic ski coating with a filler mixture for improving the sliding properties.
- hydrophobic character in particular polyethylene
- EP-A-0821 030 describes low friction polyethylene materials with admixtures of fluoro graphite of the formula CF n where n can vary from 0.5 to 1.3. Measurements on press sintered polyethylene samples with 10 to 30% CF n against steel gave kinetic coefficients of friction of 0.27 to 0.13 according to ASTM 03702, compared to 0.35 for polyethylene versus steel. In EP-A-0821 030 It also proposes the use of such materials for skis. However, since hydrodynamic lubrication is present when gliding skis on snow, as explained above, it can not be readily assumed that skis made of such materials will slip when gliding on snow would have reduced friction.
- Soot consists of the smallest, mostly spherical particles, which are also called primary particles. These usually have a size of 10-300 nm, therefore one speaks of so-called nanoparticles. They are thus more than a thousand times smaller than the diameter of a hair. These primary particles have grown together into chain-like, partially lumpy aggregates. Many of these aggregates pool together to form the agglomerates. By varying the production conditions, both the size of the primary particles and their aggregation can be adjusted specifically.
- the ski coating preferably a plastic ski coating, contains a filler compound for improving the sliding properties, the filler mixture containing graphene and carbon black.
- Graphene (Graphene, sometimes also written in German graphs to distinguish it from mathematical graphs) is the term for a modification of carbon with a two-dimensional structure in which each carbon atom is surrounded by three others, forming a honeycomb-shaped pattern formed.
- the outline sketch in FIG. 1 shows how now the two-dimensional crystal form of the graphene can wrap around the PE grains, while the carbon black primary particles fill the space between the PE particles.
- the polyethylene (PE) find another suitable plastic use.
- FIGS. 2A to 2D show microscope images in 50-fold magnification of thin sections of different Skibeläge:
- the FIGS. 2A and 2B show a conventional coating with standard black, the Figure 2C a ski coating according to the invention with graphene and carbon black and the FIG. 2D a conventional coating without soot.
- the plastic may preferably be pressed-sintered plastic powder or plastic granules, preferably of polyethylene, in particular low-pressure polyethylene having a molecular weight of 4 to 12 ⁇ 10 6 g / mol. It may preferably contain 5 to 30, more preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight of carbon black and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of graphene per 100 parts by weight of plastic.
- the thickness of the plastic ski coating according to the invention is preferably less than 1 mm, preferably 0.7 to 0.9 mm.
- the surface of the graphene is silanized. Functionalized graphenes, especially those modified with silane, showed better properties in terms of wear and friction.
- An inventive ski coating can be produced, for example, by the following process steps: In a first phase, an intimate mixture of 100 parts by weight of an ultrahigh molecular weight low density polyethylene (UHMWPE) and 5 parts by weight of graphene is prepared. In a second phase, the thus prepared mixture of UHMWPE and graphene is intimately mixed with 15 parts by weight of carbon black in a mixer for 15 minutes and then in a cylindrical die under known heat and steam Pressure ratios (as given in the booklet of Hoechst to their low-density polyethylene "Hostalen GUR" [Brochure HKR112-7089C12299 / 14] given) to a homogeneous cylindrical sintered compacted.
- UHMWPE ultrahigh molecular weight low density polyethylene
- graphene graphene
- the cylindrical sintered body After cooling, of the cylindrical sintered body is an endless belt in the desired thickness of the ski coating of e.g. 1.4 mm peeled off.
- the ski base is then roughened in a known manner on one side with a sanding belt and pretreated by an oxidizing flame for bonding to the ski body.
- the ski coating can be produced not only in the press sintering process with subsequent peeling, but also, for example, in the extrusion process, as long as there is an admixture of an additive consisting of a mixture of carbon black and graphene.
- the graphene in the ski coating can be replaced either completely or partially by graphene oxide.
- a test track was traversed with structurally identical skis, which differed by the covering used, with a mean speed of 100 km / h and recorded the time required for this by means of electronic time measurement.
- Composition tread Measured time in s Measured time in% 85% PE, 15% soot 22.84 100 85% PE, 14% carbon black, 1% graphene 22,03 96.45 85% PE, 13% carbon black, 2% graphene 21.79 95.4 85% PE, 13% carbon black, 2% graphene oxide 22,01 96.41
Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kunststoff-Skibelag mit einer Füllstoffinischung zur Verbesserung der Gleiteigenschaften.The invention relates to a plastic ski coating with a filler mixture for improving the sliding properties.
Für Kunststoff-Skibelage werden bevorzugt Materialien mit hydrophobem Charakter eingesetzt, insbesondere Polyethylen.For plastic ski layer materials are preferably used with hydrophobic character, in particular polyethylene.
Der dem Gleiten auf Schnee und Eis bei Skiern, zu denen hier auch "Snowboards" gerechnet werden, zugrundeliegende Gleitvorgang ist komplex und nicht bis in alle Einzelheiten bekannt. Immerhin hat sich gezeigt, dass infolge der Reibung zwischen dem Laufflächenmaterial einerseits und den Schneekristallen anderseits durch die entstehende Reibungswarme Schneekristalle lokal schmelzen und dass das dabei gebildete Wasser zu hydrodynamischen Schmierverhältnissen führt. Dadurch lassen sich die beim Skilaufen gemessenen niedrigen kinetischen Reibungskoeffizienten von etwa 0,02 bis 0,05 erklären. Die bei Festkörperreibung gemessenen kinetischen Reibungskoeffizienten liegen etwa 10 mal höher.The gliding on snow and ice on skis, which include snowboards, is complex and not known in every detail. After all, it has been shown that due to the friction between the tread material on the one hand and the snow crystals on the other hand locally melt by the resulting frictional heat snow crystals and that the resulting water leads to hydrodynamic lubrication conditions. As a result, the low kinetic friction coefficients measured during skiing of about 0.02 to 0.05 can be explained. The kinetic friction coefficients measured with solid friction are about 10 times higher.
Es ist auch bekannt, dass bei höheren Geschwindigkeiten das lokal gebildete Schmelzwasser sich über die ganze Laufflache ausbreiten kann, was zu einem unerwünschten und die Gleitgeschwindigkeit negativ beeinflussenden "Saugeffekt" führt. Durch Beimischungen von Materialien, wie zum Beispiel Kohlenstoff in den Modifikationen Ruß und/oder Graphit, die gegenüber dem nicht modifizierten Polyethylen höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeiten aufweisen, kann dieser negative Effekt verhindert oder reduziert werden (vgl. z.B.
Das Dokument
Ruß besteht aus kleinsten, meist kugelförmigen Teilchen, die auch Primärpartikel genannt werden. Diese haben meist eine Größe von 10-300 nm, daher spricht man auch von sogenannten Nanoteilchen. Sie sind somit mehr als tausend Mal kleiner als der Durchmesser eines Haars. Diese Primärpartikel sind zu kettenförmigen, teilweise klumpenartigen Aggregaten zusammengewachsen. Viele dieser Aggregate lagern sich zusammen und bilden so die Agglomerate. Durch Variation der Herstellbedingungen können sowohl die Größe der Primärteilchen als auch deren Aggregation gezielt eingestellt werden.Soot consists of the smallest, mostly spherical particles, which are also called primary particles. These usually have a size of 10-300 nm, therefore one speaks of so-called nanoparticles. They are thus more than a thousand times smaller than the diameter of a hair. These primary particles have grown together into chain-like, partially lumpy aggregates. Many of these aggregates pool together to form the agglomerates. By varying the production conditions, both the size of the primary particles and their aggregation can be adjusted specifically.
Bei diesen Dimensionen ist es nicht mehr nur die chemische Zusammensetzung allein, sondern auch die Größe und Form der Partikel, die die Eigenschaften bestimmen. Hinzu kommen Einflüsse durch jene Strukturen, die zwischen dem reinen Kohlenstoff und den großen Molekülen von Kohlenwasserstoff(resten) liegen. Optische, elektrische und magnetische Eigenschaften, aber auch Härte, Zähigkeit oder Schmelzpunkt von Nanomaterialien unterscheiden sich deutlich von denen der makroskopischen Festkörper, darin lassen sich besondere Eigenschaften des Rußes begründen. Die spezifische Oberfläche von Rußpartikeln beträgt etwa 10-1000 m2/g.In these dimensions, it is no longer just the chemical composition alone, but also the size and shape of the particles that determine the properties. In addition, there are influences from those structures that lie between the pure carbon and the large molecules of hydrocarbons (residues). Optical, electrical and magnetic properties, but also hardness, toughness or melting point of nanomaterials differ significantly from those of macroscopic solids, which can be attributed to special properties of the carbon black. The specific surface area of soot particles is about 10-1000 m 2 / g.
Der Zusatz von Carbonnanotubes in UHMWPE wie für Skibeläge üblich weist laut Literatur zwei Nachteile auf. Zum einen ist der Reibungskoeffizient abhängig von der Geschwindigkeit und steigt leider mit der Geschwindigkeit insbesondere im für das Skifahren interessanten Bereich von 50 km/h und aufwärts einen starken Anstieg auf. Zum anderen ist der Reibungskoeffizient abhängig von der Ausrichtung der CNT, in Richtung der Nanotubes geringer als quer dazu. Leider ist die Ausrichtung der Nanotubes im üblichen Sinterprozess nicht steuerbar.The addition of carbon nanotubes in UHMWPE as usual for skis has two drawbacks according to the literature. On the one hand, the coefficient of friction depends on the speed and, unfortunately, rises sharply with the speed, in particular in the range of 50 km / h which is of interest for skiing and upwards. On the other hand, the friction coefficient depends on the orientation of the CNT, in the direction of the nanotubes less than transverse to it. Unfortunately, the orientation of the nanotubes in the usual sintering process is not controllable.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Belag für einen Ski (bzw. ein Snowboard) mit verbesserter Gleitreibung bereitzustellen, der der oben diskutierten Problematik Rechnung trägt. Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Belag für einen Ski (bzw. ein Snowboard) gemäß der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a covering for a ski (or a snowboard) with improved sliding friction, which takes into account the problem discussed above. This object is achieved by a covering for a ski (or a snowboard) according to the independent claims.
Demnach enthält der Skibelag, bevorzugt ein Kunststoff-Skibelag, eine Füllstoffinischung zur Verbesserung der Gleiteigenschaften, wobei die Füllstoffmischung Graphen und Ruß enthält.Accordingly, the ski coating, preferably a plastic ski coating, contains a filler compound for improving the sliding properties, the filler mixture containing graphene and carbon black.
Graphen (engl. graphene, manchmal auf Deutsch auch Graphen geschrieben, um es von den mathematischen Graphen zu unterscheiden) ist die Bezeichnung für eine Modifikation des Kohlenstoffs mit zweidimensionaler Struktur, in der jedes Kohlenstoffatom von drei weiteren umgeben ist, so dass sich ein bienenwabenförmiges Muster ausbildet.Graphene (Graphene, sometimes also written in German graphs to distinguish it from mathematical graphs) is the term for a modification of carbon with a two-dimensional structure in which each carbon atom is surrounded by three others, forming a honeycomb-shaped pattern formed.
Die Prinzipskizze in
Die
In den Figuren ist deutlich zu erkennen, dass die beiden Mischungen mit Ruß ähnliche optische Erscheinungsbilder aufweisen. Bei diesen Additiven fällt zunächst die lokal starke Schwärzung der Dünnschnitte auf. Dies ist auf eine Agglomeratbildung der Komponenten zurückzuführen. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Belag (
Diese bessere Dispergierung und das Anlagern des Graphens am PE Korn hat nun überraschende Effekte hinsichtlich der Härte und damit des Abriebverhaltens des Belags und auch bezüglich der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Materials sowie der Gleitfähigkeit. Eine im allgemeinen nachteilige Richtungsabhängigkeit des Reibungskoeffizienten konnte nicht beobachtet werden.This better dispersion and the attachment of the graphene to the PE grain now has surprising effects with regard to the hardness and thus the abrasion behavior of the coating and also with regard to the thermal conductivity of the material and the lubricity. A generally disadvantageous directionality of the coefficient of friction could not be observed.
Überaschenderweise wurde auch festgestellt, dass signifikant dünnere Belage (0,7-0,9 mm) als der Stand der Technik von 1-1,6 mm den Dauerbelastungen standhielt. Eine vergleichbare Verbesserung dieses Verhaltens mit anderen Zuschlagstoffen inklusive Carbon-Nanotubes konnte bisher nicht beobachtet werden.Surprisingly, it was also found that significantly thinner pads (0.7-0.9 mm) than the prior art of 1-1.6 mm withstand the sustained loads. A comparable improvement of this behavior with other aggregates including carbon nanotubes has not been observed so far.
Ebenso überraschend wurde festgestellt, dass durch die Zusätze eine einfachere Schleifbarkeit erreicht wurde. Dies wirkte sich so aus, dass eine hinreichende Oberflächenqualität in der Herstellung und beim Service bereits nach einer merklich geringeren Anzahl an Schleifvorgängen für das Feinschleifen (Reduktion: ca. 25 - 30 %) gegeben war. Eine für die weiteren Arbeitsschritte wie Wachsen bzw. einen fahrfertigen Zustand hinreichende Oberfläche ist durch einen seifigen Griff mit einem gleichmäßigen Rauhigkeitsprofil gekennzeichnet. Weniger Schleifvorgänge führen zu einem Kostenvorteil auf Grund reduzierter Arbeitsschritte.It was also surprisingly found that the additions made it easier to sand. This had the effect that sufficient surface quality in production and service was already present after a noticeably smaller number of sanding processes for fine sanding (reduction: approx. 25-30%). A sufficient surface for further operations such as waxing or a ready to drive state is characterized by a soapy grip with a uniform roughness profile. Less grinding operations lead to a cost advantage due to reduced work steps.
Der Kunststoff kann vorzugsweise pressgesintertes Kunststoffpulver oder Kunststoffgranulat sein, vorzugsweise aus Polyethylen, insbesondere Niederdruckpolyethylen mit einer Molmasse von 4 bis 12 x 106 g/mol. Er kann bevorzugt auf 100 Gewichtsteile Kunststoff 5 bis 30, stärker bevorzugt 10 bis 20 Gewichtsteile Ruß sowie 0,1 bis 10 Gewichtsteile Graphen enthalten.The plastic may preferably be pressed-sintered plastic powder or plastic granules, preferably of polyethylene, in particular low-pressure polyethylene having a molecular weight of 4 to 12 × 10 6 g / mol. It may preferably contain 5 to 30, more preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight of carbon black and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of graphene per 100 parts by weight of plastic.
Die Dicke des erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Skibelags liegt bevorzugt unter 1 mm, vorzugsweise bei 0,7 bis 0,9 mm.The thickness of the plastic ski coating according to the invention is preferably less than 1 mm, preferably 0.7 to 0.9 mm.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Oberfläche des Graphens silanisiert. Funktionalisierte Graphene, insbesondere mit Silan modifizierte, zeigten bessere Eigenschaften hinsichtlich Verschleiß und Reibung.In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the graphene is silanized. Functionalized graphenes, especially those modified with silane, showed better properties in terms of wear and friction.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Skibelag kann beispielsweise durch die folgenden Prozessschritte hergestellt werden: In einer ersten Phase wird eine innige Mischung von 100 Gewichtsteilen eines ultrahochmolekularen Niederdruckpolyethylens (UHMWPE) und 5 Gewichtsteilen Graphen hergestellt. In einer zweiten Phase wird die so hergestellte Mischung von UHMWPE und Graphen mit 15 Gewichtsteilen Ruß in einem Mischer 15 Minuten lang innig gemischt und hernach in einer zylindrischen Pressform unter bekannten Wärme- und Druckverhältnissen (wie z.B. in der Broschüre von Hoechst zu deren Niederdruckpolyethylen "Hostalen GUR" [Broschüre HKR112-7089C12299/14] angegeben) zu einem homogenen zylindrischen Sinterkörper pressgesintert.An inventive ski coating can be produced, for example, by the following process steps: In a first phase, an intimate mixture of 100 parts by weight of an ultrahigh molecular weight low density polyethylene (UHMWPE) and 5 parts by weight of graphene is prepared. In a second phase, the thus prepared mixture of UHMWPE and graphene is intimately mixed with 15 parts by weight of carbon black in a mixer for 15 minutes and then in a cylindrical die under known heat and steam Pressure ratios (as given in the booklet of Hoechst to their low-density polyethylene "Hostalen GUR" [Brochure HKR112-7089C12299 / 14] given) to a homogeneous cylindrical sintered compacted.
Nach dem Abkühlen wird von dem zylindrischen Sinterkörper ein endloses Band in der gewünschten Dicke des Skibelags von z.B. 1,4 mm abgeschält. Der Skibelag wird hernach in bekannter Art und Weise auf einer Seite mit einem Schleifband aufgeraut und durch eine oxidierende Flamme für die Verklebung auf den Skikörper vorbehandelt.After cooling, of the cylindrical sintered body is an endless belt in the desired thickness of the ski coating of e.g. 1.4 mm peeled off. The ski base is then roughened in a known manner on one side with a sanding belt and pretreated by an oxidizing flame for bonding to the ski body.
Selbstverständlich kann der Skibelag nicht nur im Pressinterverfahren mit anschließendem Schälen, sondern zum Beispiel auch im Extrusionsverfahren hergestellt werden, solange eine Beimengung eines Additivs bestehend aus einer Mischung von Ruß und Graphen erfolgt.Of course, the ski coating can be produced not only in the press sintering process with subsequent peeling, but also, for example, in the extrusion process, as long as there is an admixture of an additive consisting of a mixture of carbon black and graphene.
Des weiteren hat sich herausgestellt, dass eine ähnliche Anordnung der Substanzen sowie ähnliche Eigenschaften auch mit Graphenoxiden als einer Vorstufe in der Herstellung von Graphenen erzielt werden können. Demnach kann erfindungsgemäß das Graphen in dem Skibelag entweder vollständig oder teilweise durch Graphenoxid ersetzt werden.Furthermore, it has been found that a similar arrangement of the substances as well as similar properties can also be achieved with graphene oxides as a precursor in the production of graphenes. Accordingly, according to the invention, the graphene in the ski coating can be replaced either completely or partially by graphene oxide.
Eine Teststrecke wurde mit konstruktiv identischen Skiern, die sich durch den verwendeten Belag unterscheiden, mit einer mittleren Geschwindigkeit von 100 km/h durchfahren und die dafür benötigte Zeit mittels elektronischer Zeitmessung erfasst. Auf Neuschnee mit einer Temperatur von -3 °C, bei Lufttemperaturen von -2,5 bis - 3,5°C und Luftfeuchtigkeiten von 70 bis 85 % wurden folgende Zeiten gemessen:
Wie sich aus der obigen Tabelle ergibt, lässt sich mit einem Belag mit Graphen oder Graphenoxid eine deutlich verbesserte Gleitfähigkeit erzielen, die sich in den gegenüber einem Standardbelag reduzierten Zeiten niederschlagen.As can be seen from the above table, with a layer of graphene or graphene oxide, a significantly improved lubricity can be achieved, which is reflected in the times reduced compared to a standard covering.
Claims (11)
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Cited By (2)
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CN109702206A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-03 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | The preparation method of skates |
CN109701251A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-03 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | Skates and ice skates |
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CN112480684B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-01-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Silanized graphene/silicone rubber composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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---|---|---|---|---|
CH657993A5 (en) | 1983-01-14 | 1986-10-15 | Ims Kunststoff Ag | Covering for the running surface of a ski |
CH660018A5 (en) | 1984-03-08 | 1987-03-13 | Ims Kunststoff Ag | Ski wax |
DE4022286A1 (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-02-21 | Fischer Gmbh | High efficiency coating on ski tread - is divided into two separate parts where front uses harder transparent polyethylene and rear uses softer but black polyethylene |
EP0821030A1 (en) | 1996-07-24 | 1998-01-28 | Centeiro Trading LDA | Material of low friction coefficient and application of the material in the manufacture of skis and similar equipment and a method of producing the material of low friction coefficient |
EP0960905A1 (en) | 1998-05-18 | 1999-12-01 | Ims Kunststoff Ag | Plastic ski-sole |
US20060097485A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-11 | Ims Kunststoff Ag | Running surface for a winter sports apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-09-13 EP EP20110180996 patent/EP2527014B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109702206A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-03 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | The preparation method of skates |
CN109701251A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-03 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | Skates and ice skates |
CN109701251B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-06-12 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | Skates and skates shoes |
CN109702206B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-12-08 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of ice skate blade |
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