EP2526742A1 - Circuit arrangement and method for operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement and method for operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power

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Publication number
EP2526742A1
EP2526742A1 EP11779370A EP11779370A EP2526742A1 EP 2526742 A1 EP2526742 A1 EP 2526742A1 EP 11779370 A EP11779370 A EP 11779370A EP 11779370 A EP11779370 A EP 11779370A EP 2526742 A1 EP2526742 A1 EP 2526742A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
lamp
nominal power
periods
magnitude
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11779370A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2526742B1 (en
Inventor
Joachim MÜHLSCHLEGEL
Andreas Kloss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram GmbH filed Critical Osram GmbH
Publication of EP2526742A1 publication Critical patent/EP2526742A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2526742B1 publication Critical patent/EP2526742B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power with an alternating voltage and an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency.
  • the invention is based on a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • high-pressure discharge lamps also referred to below as lamps
  • various problems arise.
  • Virtually all commercially available high-pressure discharge lamps are optimized to their nominal power out so that the plasma physical processes and the thermal budget of the lamp run optimally at the nominal lamp power and have the highest efficiency.
  • nominal power of the high-pressure discharge lamp the consequences ⁇ to the specified by the manufacturer for this lamp power is considered.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp Due to the optimized plasma-physical processes and the likewise optimized thermal budget of the high-pressure discharge lamp, the high-pressure discharge lamp has a good operating stability during operation with its nominal lamp power or nominal power.
  • dimming high pressure discharge lamps the operating stability suffers sometimes considerably, since the thermal budget of the burner with increasing dimming level must always work further away from its optimum.
  • Most of the marketable high pressure discharge lamps are powered by alternating current. This is usually a rectangular operating current low frequency used, which also, wobbly
  • the arc attachment on the electrodes is basically self ⁇ table during operation of a gas discharge lamp with alternating current.
  • the transition cathode-anode is inherently unproblematic, since the temperature of the electrode has no influence on their anodic operation. In the anode-to-cathode transition, the ability of the electrode to supply a sufficiently high current depends on its temperature.
  • the arc changes during commutation usually after the zero crossing, from a short-term diffuse arc approach mode (so-called, diffuse-mode '), to a punctiform arc approach mode (so-called' spot mode ').
  • This change is sometimes accompanied by an often visible collapse of the light emission, which can be perceived as flickering.
  • the electrodes of the high-pressure discharge lamp are getting colder and the commutation of the operating current can start the lamp to flicker and be in ⁇ stable. These instabilities in the commutation sometimes cause considerable electromagnetic Störun ⁇ conditions.
  • the solution of the object with respect to the method is carried out according to the invention with a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal Leis ⁇ tion, the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at Nominalleis ⁇ tion with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency, and the lamp voltage during a half period at least at the beginning of a half period and measured at the end of a half period, with the following steps:
  • the gas discharge Lamp burner heated until commutation so far that it can be carried out without problems and without the above-described elekt ⁇ romagnetician interference due to a high-frequency current oscillation shortly after commutation.
  • the amount of the current behaves
  • I en dl at the end of the half periods as II s tart I: I l end I 1: 1.5 .. 1: 3.0. These values ensure a clean commutation even with difficult lamps.
  • the upper limit is 120 Hz. This makes it possible to dimming commercially available lamps safely.
  • the upper limit is 80 Hz.
  • the upper limit is 1 Hz. With this variant, even very difficult to dimming special lamps can be well dimmed.
  • the predetermined operating frequency is usually ⁇ 160Hz.
  • I s dl the panel ⁇ roof-shaped current form of the invention at the end of the half periods is increased in a preferred disclosed embodiment, if a threshold is not worth reaching for the difference between the lamp voltages at the end and the beginning of the half periods.
  • the threshold value for the difference of the lamp voltages is divided into a lower threshold value and an upper threshold value, and the magnitude of the current I end at the end of the half periods is increased when the lower threshold value is undershot, and the magnitude of the current
  • the threshold value for the difference of the lamp voltages becomes a lower one
  • increases at the end of the half periods, and when the upper threshold value is exceeded, the magnitude of the current I Istart I at the beginning of the half periods and the amount of the current
  • the threshold value for the difference between the lamp voltages is preferably between 0.2 volts and 3 volts. Furthermore, the upper threshold value is at most 0.5 volts greater than the lower threshold value.
  • the current form of the alternating current at nominal power is preferably rectangular.
  • the current form of the alternating current at nominal power is preferably pentachelike, the magnitude of the current
  • I en dl at the end of the half-periods behaves as II s tart I: I l end I 1: 1 ⁇ 1: 1.2.
  • the solution of the problem with respect to the circuit arrangement is carried out with a circuit arrangement for operating a High-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal Leis ⁇ tion, wherein the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at Nominalleis ⁇ tion with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency, and the circuit arrangement performs the method described above.
  • the circuit arrangement can be constructed in a conventional manner.
  • the circuit may include a power factor correction circuit which supplies at its output an intermediate voltage circuit to which an inverter in the form of a full or half bridge is connected.
  • the circuitry may include a Resonanzzünd réelle, to ignite the high-pressure discharge lamp or a pulse.
  • the circuitry may include analog or digital control circuitry that controls the power factor correction circuit and the inverter.
  • the circuit arrangement preferably has a digital control circuit with a microcontroller.
  • curve 40 the lamp current profile at 100% of the nominal power
  • curve 42 the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with a method of operation according to the prior art
  • curve 44 the lamp current course 55% of the nominal power with the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lamp voltage curve with a very weak diffuse-spot transition at nominal power (curve power). ve 10) and pronounced diffuse-spot transition 122 in dimming mode (53% of nominal power, curve 12) at a time resolution of 10 s / div.
  • FIG. 2 shows the lamp current profile of the signals of FIG. 1 at a very weak diffuse-spot transition
  • a dome-shaped lamp current according to the invention is proposed for dimmed operation, the magnitude of which I start at the beginning of the half periods to the amount
  • I at the end of the half periods behaves like I start 1: 1.2 to 1: 3.0.
  • the lamp current at the end of the half-period is twice as large as at the beginning of the half-period.
  • the lamp current is variable during the half periods and depends on the change of the lamp voltage during a half period.
  • the height of the lamp current increase during one Half-period, ie the ratio of starting current to final current I Istart I: ll end l depends on the lamp voltage and especially after the change of the lamp voltage, which is applied during the half-period.
  • the change in the lamp current in a half-period is adjusted so that the lamp voltage has increased by a previously calculated or a predetermined value AUi, U2.
  • the threshold value for theistsan ⁇ increase of the lamp voltage in the half-period is depending on the gas discharge lamp between 0.2V and 4V.
  • the threshold is preferably divided into a lower threshold and an upper threshold.
  • the voltage increase is calculated from the difference of the lamp voltage at the end of the half-period to the lamp voltage at the beginning of the half-period. If the threshold value for the lamp voltage increase is not reached within the half-period, the ratio of starting current to final current for the next half-period is reached
  • I Istart I ll end l increased to heat the cathode more and avoid a pronounced diffuse-spot transition during commutation as possible.
  • the ratio of starting current to final current for the next half-cycle II s tart I: I l end I is increased when a lower threshold for the voltage increase of the lamp voltage in the half-period is exceeded, and lowered, if an upper threshold for the voltage increase ⁇ the lamp voltage is exceeded in the half-period. If the rise of the lamp voltage in the range between the lower and upper threshold value, that behaves ⁇ nis of starting current to tail current for the next half cycle I Istart I is: I l I end retained.
  • FIG. 3 shows the lamp current characteristics at 50 Hz
  • curve 30 shows the lamp current profile at 100% of the nominal power
  • curve 32 shows the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with a method of operation according to the prior art
  • curve 34 shows the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with the operating method according to the invention at a time resolution of 10ms / div.
  • the pent roof-shaped current profile can be clearly seen in the curve 34, here the lamp current at the end of the half-period is twice as large as at the beginning of the half-period. However, this would not genü ⁇ gen to ensure stable operation of the high pressure discharge lamp at low dimming levels.
  • the operating frequency supply ⁇ lowers below an upper limit to this Stable operation to reaching.
  • the upper limit is a maximum of 120 Hz, preferably the Be ⁇ operating frequency is lowered to a frequency around 50Hz to 60Hz.
  • Lower frequencies can be problematic because at an operating frequency below 50Hz, the human eye exhibits increased flicker sensitivity on the dimming operation has a negative effect. Only below a hertz decreases the flicker sensitivity of the human eye, so that even very low operating frequencies are possible.
  • the particularly preferred operating frequency of the invention is thus at 50Hz to 60Hz, at very low dimming levels below 1Hz.
  • the increase in the lamp voltage is inventively measured again in a half period and entspre ⁇ accordingly adjusted the ratio of starting current to end current I for the next half cycle of the voltage rise in the current half period.
  • Fig. 4 shows a detail of the commutation of the lamp current waveforms at 50 Hz from FIG. 3 in higher Zeitauflö ⁇ solution
  • curve 40 the lamp current waveform at 100% of Nomi ⁇ nal Vietnamese
  • curve 42 the lamp current waveform by 55% of the nominal power with an operating procedure
  • curve 44 the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with the inventive method.
  • the time resolution is no longer 10ms / div, but only 10 s / div. It shows in particular the commutation tion of the lamp current.
  • curve 44 shows in particular the commutation tion of the lamp current.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power, wherein the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at the nominal power level with an alternating current at a predetermined operating frequency, and the lamp voltage is measured during one half-cycle, at least at the start of a half-cycle and at the end of a half-cycle, with the following steps: - reduction of the instantaneous operating frequency below an upper limit, - changing the current waveform of the alternating current to a current waveform which is in the form of a pitched roof and is dependent on the difference between the lamp voltages at the end and at the start of the half-cycle, in which the magnitude of the current |Istart| at the start of the half-cycles with respect to the magnitude of the current |Iend| at the end of the half-cycles behaves in a manner such as |Istart|:|Iend| = 1:1.2.. 1:3.0. The invention likewise relates to a circuit arrangement for operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power, wherein the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at the nominal power with an alternating current at a predetermined operating frequency, and the circuit arrangement carries out the method described above.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hoch¬ druckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung Circuit arrangement and method for operating a high ¬ pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung mit einer Wechselspannung und einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Betriebsfrequenz.  The invention relates to a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power with an alternating voltage and an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency.
Hintergrund background
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung mit einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Be- triebsfrequenz nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.  The invention is based on a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency according to the preamble of the main claim.
Sollen Hochdruckentladungslampen, im Folgenden auch Lampe genannt, gedimmt betrieben werden, so treten verschiedene Probleme auf. Praktisch alle marktgängigen Hochdruckentla¬ dungslampen sind auf ihre nominale Leistung hin optimiert, so dass die plasmaphysikalischen Prozesse und der thermische Haushalt der Lampe bei der nominalen Lampenleistung optimal ablaufen und die höchste Effizienz haben. Als nominale Leistung der Hochdruckentladungslampe, wird im Folgen¬ den die vom Hersteller für diese Lampe spezifizierte Leis- tung angesehen. Durch die optimierten plasmaphysikalischen Prozesse und den ebenfalls optimierten thermischen Haushalt der Hochdruckentladungslampe weist die Hochdruckentladungs¬ lampe beim Betrieb mit ihrer nominalen Lampenleistung oder Nennleistung eine gute Betriebsstabilität auf. Beim Dimmen von Hochdruckentladungslampen leidet die Betriebsstabilität mitunter erheblich, da der thermische Haushalt des Brenners mit zunehmender Dimmstufe immer weiter von seinem Optimum entfernt arbeiten muss. Ein Großteil der marktgängigen Hochdruckentladungslampen wird mit Wechselstrom betrieben. Dabei kommt meistens ein rechteckförmiger Betriebsstrom niedriger Frequenz zum Einsatz, was auch , wackelnder If high-pressure discharge lamps, also referred to below as lamps, are operated in dimmed fashion, various problems arise. Virtually all commercially available high-pressure discharge lamps are optimized to their nominal power out so that the plasma physical processes and the thermal budget of the lamp run optimally at the nominal lamp power and have the highest efficiency. As nominal power of the high-pressure discharge lamp, the consequences ¬ to the specified by the manufacturer for this lamp power is considered. Due to the optimized plasma-physical processes and the likewise optimized thermal budget of the high-pressure discharge lamp, the high-pressure discharge lamp has a good operating stability during operation with its nominal lamp power or nominal power. When dimming high pressure discharge lamps, the operating stability suffers sometimes considerably, since the thermal budget of the burner with increasing dimming level must always work further away from its optimum. Most of the marketable high pressure discharge lamps are powered by alternating current. This is usually a rectangular operating current low frequency used, which also, wobbly
Gleichstrombetrieb' genannt wird. Dabei wird ein im Wesent¬ lichen rechteckförmiger Strom mit einer Frequenz von üblicherweise 50Hz bis zu einigen kHz an die Lampe angelegt. Bei jedem Umschwingen zwischen positiver und negativer Spannung kommutiert die Lampe, da sich auch die Stromrichtung umkehrt und der Strom damit kurzzeitig zu null wird. Dieser Betrieb stellt sicher, dass die Elektroden der Lampe trotz eines Quasi-Gleichstrombetriebs gleichmäßig belastet werden . DC operation 'is called. In this case, a rectangular in Wesent ¬ present current with a frequency of 50Hz is usually up to a few kHz applied to the lamp. With each swing between positive and negative voltage, the lamp commutates, as the current direction reverses and the current thus briefly becomes zero. This operation ensures that the electrodes of the lamp are uniformly loaded despite a quasi-DC operation.
Der Bogenansatz auf den Elektroden ist beim Betrieb einer Gasentladungslampe mit Wechselstrom grundsätzlich problema¬ tisch. Beim Betrieb mit Wechselstrom wird während einer Kommutierung der Betriebsspannung eine Kathode zur Anode und umgekehrt eine Anode zur Kathode. Der Übergang Kathode- Anode ist prinzipbedingt unproblematisch, da die Temperatur der Elektrode keinen Einfluss auf ihren anodischen Betrieb hat. Beim Übergang Anode-Kathode hängt die Fähigkeit der Elektrode, einen ausreichend hohen Strom liefern zu können, von deren Temperatur ab. Ist diese zu niedrig, wechselt der Lichtbogen während der Kommutierung, meistens nach dem Nulldurchgang, von einer kurzzeitigen diffusen Bogenansatz- betriebsweise (sog. , diffuse-mode' ) , zu einer punktförmigen Bogenansatzbetriebsweise (sogenannter , spot-mode' ) . Dieser Wechsel geht manchmal mit einem oft sichtbaren Einbruch der Lichtemission einher, was als Flackern wahrgenommen werden kann . Im Dimmbetrieb werden die Elektroden der Hochdruckentla¬ dungslampe immer kälter und bei der Kommutierung des Betriebsstromes kann die Lampe beginnen zu flackern und in¬ stabil zu werden. Diese Instabilitäten bei der Kommutierung verursachen mitunter erhebliche elektromagnetische Störun¬ gen . The arc attachment on the electrodes is basically problema ¬ table during operation of a gas discharge lamp with alternating current. When operating with alternating current during commutation of the operating voltage, a cathode to the anode and vice versa an anode to the cathode. The transition cathode-anode is inherently unproblematic, since the temperature of the electrode has no influence on their anodic operation. In the anode-to-cathode transition, the ability of the electrode to supply a sufficiently high current depends on its temperature. If this is too low, the arc changes during commutation, usually after the zero crossing, from a short-term diffuse arc approach mode (so-called, diffuse-mode '), to a punctiform arc approach mode (so-called' spot mode '). This change is sometimes accompanied by an often visible collapse of the light emission, which can be perceived as flickering. In dimming the electrodes of the high-pressure discharge lamp are getting colder and the commutation of the operating current can start the lamp to flicker and be in ¬ stable. These instabilities in the commutation sometimes cause considerable electromagnetic Störun ¬ conditions.
Au gabe Issue
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung mit einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Betriebsfrequenz anzugeben, welches weniger elektromagnetische Störungen verursacht.  It is an object of the invention to provide a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency, which causes less electromagnetic interference.
Darstellung der Erfindung Presentation of the invention
Die Lösung der Aufgabe bezüglich des Verfahrens erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leis¬ tung, wobei die Hochdruckentladungslampe bei Nominalleis¬ tung mit einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Betriebsfrequenz betrieben wird, und die Lampenspannung während einer Halbperiode zumindest am Anfang einer Halbperiode und am Ende einer Halbperiode gemessen wird, mit folgenden Schritten : The solution of the object with respect to the method is carried out according to the invention with a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal Leis ¬ tion, the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at Nominalleis ¬ tion with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency, and the lamp voltage during a half period at least at the beginning of a half period and measured at the end of a half period, with the following steps:
- Absenken der aktuellen Betriebsfrequenz unter eine Obergrenze,  Lowering the current operating frequency below an upper limit,
- Ändern der Stromform des Wechselstroms auf eine pultdachförmige Stromform, die abhängig von der Differenz der Lampenspannungen am Ende und am Anfang der Halbperiode ist, bei der sich der Betrag des Stromes | Istart zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag des Stromes |Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden Verhält Wie | Istart = 1:1,2 .. 1:3,0.Changing the current form of the alternating current to a pentagonal current form, which is dependent on the difference of the lamp voltages at the end and at the beginning of the half-period, at which the magnitude of the current | I s tart at the beginning of the half periods to the amount of current | I en dl at the end of the half periods Behaves How | Istart = 1: 1.2 .. 1: 3.0.
Durch die pultdachförmige Stromform wird der Gasentladungs- lampenbrenner bis zur Kommutierung soweit aufgeheizt, dass diese ohne Probleme und ohne die oben beschriebenen elekt¬ romagnetischen Störungen aufgrund einer hochfrequenten Stromschwingung kurz nach der Kommutierung durchgeführt werden kann. Due to the pent roof-shaped current shape, the gas discharge Lamp burner heated until commutation so far that it can be carried out without problems and without the above-described elekt ¬ romagnetischen interference due to a high-frequency current oscillation shortly after commutation.
Bevorzugt verhält sich der Betrag des Stromes | Istart I zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag des Stromes |Ie nd l am Ende der Halbperioden wie I Istart I : I l end I = 1:1,5 .. 1:3,0. Diese Werte stellen eine saubere Kommutierung auch bei schwierigen Lampen sicher. Preferably, the amount of the current behaves | I s tart I at the beginning of the half periods to the amount of current | I en dl at the end of the half periods as II s tart I: I l end I = 1: 1.5 .. 1: 3.0. These values ensure a clean commutation even with difficult lamps.
In einer ersten Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens beträgt die Obergrenze 120Hz. Damit lassen sich handelsübliche Lampen sicher dimmen.  In a first embodiment of the method, the upper limit is 120 Hz. This makes it possible to dimming commercially available lamps safely.
In einer zweiten Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens beträgt die Obergrenze 80Hz. Damit sind als schwierig geltende handels¬ übliche Lampen sicher dimmbar. In a second embodiment of the method, the upper limit is 80 Hz. Thus are difficult current trading ¬ standard lamps safely dimmable.
In einer dritten Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens beträgt die Obergrenze 1Hz . Mit dieser Variante können auch sehr schwierig zu dimmende Speziallampen gut gedimmt werden. Die vorbestimmte Betriebsfrequenz beträgt dabei üblicher¬ weise 160Hz. In a third embodiment of the method, the upper limit is 1 Hz. With this variant, even very difficult to dimming special lamps can be well dimmed. The predetermined operating frequency is usually ¬ 160Hz.
Der Betrag des Stromes |Ie nd l der erfindungsgemäßen Pult¬ dachförmigen Stromform am Ende der Halbperioden wird in einer bevorzugten Aus führungs form erhöht, wenn ein Schwell- wert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen am Ende und am Anfang der Halbperioden nicht erreicht wird. The amount of the current | I s dl the panel ¬ roof-shaped current form of the invention at the end of the half periods is increased in a preferred disclosed embodiment, if a threshold is not worth reaching for the difference between the lamp voltages at the end and the beginning of the half periods.
Besonders bevorzugt wird der Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen in einen unteren Schwellwert und einen oberen Schwellwert aufgeteilt, und der Betrag des Stromes l l end l am Ende der Halbperioden wird erhöht, wenn der untere Schwellwert unterschritten wird, und der Betrag des Stromes |Ie nd l am Ende der Halbperioden wird reduziert, wenn der obere Schwellwert überschritten wird. Particularly preferably, the threshold value for the difference of the lamp voltages is divided into a lower threshold value and an upper threshold value, and the magnitude of the current I end at the end of the half periods is increased when the lower threshold value is undershot, and the magnitude of the current | I s dl at the end of the half-periods is reduced when the upper threshold is exceeded.
Bei einer weiteren Aus führungs form wird der Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen in einen unteren  In a further embodiment, the threshold value for the difference of the lamp voltages becomes a lower one
Schwellwert und einen oberen Schwellwert aufgeteilt, und der Betrag des Stromes | Istart | am Anfang der Halbperioden wird erhöht, wenn der untere Schwellwert unterschritten wird, und der Betrag Stromes | Istart | am Anfang der Halbpe¬ rioden wird reduziert, wenn der obere Schwellwert über- schritten wird. Divided threshold and an upper threshold, and the amount of current | Istart | at the beginning of the half periods is increased, if the lower threshold value is exceeded, and the amount Stromes | Istart | at the beginning of Halbpe ¬ rioden is reduced when the upper threshold is exceeded.
Bei einer weiteren Aus führungs form wird bei unterschreiten des unteren Schwellwertes der Betrag des Stromes | Istart | am Anfang der Halbperioden und der Betrag des Stromes |Iend| am Ende der Halbperioden erhöht, und bei überschrei- ten des oberen Schwellwertes wird der Betrag des Stromes I Istart I am Anfang der Halbperioden und der Betrag des Stromes |Iend| am Ende der Halbperioden reduziert.  In a further embodiment, the magnitude of the current | .sub. Falls below the lower threshold value Istart | at the beginning of the half-periods and the amount of current | Iend | increases at the end of the half periods, and when the upper threshold value is exceeded, the magnitude of the current I Istart I at the beginning of the half periods and the amount of the current | Iend | reduced at the end of the half-periods.
Der Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen liegt dabei bevorzugt zwischen 0,2 Volt und 3 Volt. Weiter- hin ist der obere Schwellwert maximal 0,5Volt größer als der untere Schwellwert.  The threshold value for the difference between the lamp voltages is preferably between 0.2 volts and 3 volts. Furthermore, the upper threshold value is at most 0.5 volts greater than the lower threshold value.
Die Stromform des Wechselstroms bei Nominalleistung ist bevorzugt rechteckförmig .  The current form of the alternating current at nominal power is preferably rectangular.
Bei Lampen mit einem ungünstigen Verhältnis von Elektroden- durchmesser zu Nominalleistung ist die Stromform des Wechselstroms bei Nominalleistung bevorzugt pultdachförmig, wobei sich der Betrag des Stromes | Istart I zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag des Stromes |Ie nd l am Ende der Halbperioden verhält wie I Istart I : I l end I = 1:1 ·· 1:1,2. In the case of lamps with an unfavorable ratio of electrode diameter to nominal power, the current form of the alternating current at nominal power is preferably pentachelike, the magnitude of the current | I s tart I at the beginning of the half-periods to the amount of current | I en dl at the end of the half-periods behaves as II s tart I: I l end I = 1: 1 ·· 1: 1.2.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe bezüglich der Schaltungsanordnung erfolgt mit einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leis¬ tung, wobei die Hochdruckentladungslampe bei Nominalleis¬ tung mit einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Betriebsfrequenz betrieben wird, und die Schaltungsanordnung dabei das oben beschriebene Verfahren ausführt. The solution of the problem with respect to the circuit arrangement is carried out with a circuit arrangement for operating a High-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal Leis ¬ tion, wherein the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at Nominalleis ¬ tion with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency, and the circuit arrangement performs the method described above.
Die Schaltungsanordnung kann dabei in an sich bekannter Weise aufgebaut sein. Die Schaltungsanordnung kann eine Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung beinhalten, die an ihrem Ausgang einen Zwischenspannungskreis speist, an dem ein Wechselrichter in Form einer Voll- oder einer Halbbrücke angeschlossen ist. Die Schaltungsanordnung kann ein Impulsoder ein Resonanzzündgerät beinhalten, um die Hochdruckent¬ ladungslampe zünden zu können. Die Schaltungsanordnung kann eine analoge oder eine digitale Steuerschaltung beinhalten, die die Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung und den Wechselrichter steuert. Bevorzugt weist die Schaltungsanordnung eine digitale Steuerschaltung mit einem Mikrocontroller auf . The circuit arrangement can be constructed in a conventional manner. The circuit may include a power factor correction circuit which supplies at its output an intermediate voltage circuit to which an inverter in the form of a full or half bridge is connected. The circuitry may include a Resonanzzündgerät, to ignite the high-pressure discharge lamp or a pulse. The circuitry may include analog or digital control circuitry that controls the power factor correction circuit and the inverter. The circuit arrangement preferably has a digital control circuit with a microcontroller.
Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung und des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung ergeben sich aus weiteren abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus der folgenden Beschreibung .  Further advantageous developments and refinements of the circuit arrangement according to the invention and of the method according to the invention for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power result from further dependent claims and from the following description.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen, in welchen gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente mit identi¬ schen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Dabei zeigen: einen Lampenspannungsverlauf mit sehr schwach ausgeprägtem diffus-spot-Übergang bei Nominalleistung (Kurve 10) und stark ausgeprägtem dif- fus-spot-Übergang im Dimmbetrieb (53 % der Nominalleistung, Kurve 12), einen Lampenstromverlauf bei sehr schwach ausge¬ prägtem diffus-spot-Übergang bei Nominalleistung (Kurve 20) und stark ausgeprägtem diffus-spot- Übergang im Dimmbetrieb (53 % der Nominalleis¬ tung, Kurve 22), mehrere Lampenstromverläufe bei 50 Hz, Kurve 30 einen Lampenstromverlauf bei 100 % der Nominal¬ leistung, Kurve 32 einen Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit einem Betriebsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, Kurve 34 einen Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawings, in which the same or functionally identical elements are provided with identi ¬ 's reference numerals. Showing: a lamp voltage waveform having very weakly pronounced diffuse spot transition at nominal power (curve 10) and strongly developed diffuse spot junction in dimming (53% of the nominal power, curve 12), a lamp current waveform at very weakly out ¬ prägtem diffuse spot transition at nominal power (curve 20) and strongly developed diffuse spot transition in dimming (53% of the nominal Leis ¬ tung, curve 22), a plurality of lamp current characteristics at 50 Hz, the curve 30 includes a lamp current waveform at 100% of the nominal ¬ power, curve 32 a lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with a method of operation according to the prior art, curve 34 a lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with the method according to the invention,
einen Ausschnitt der Kommutierung der Lampenstromverläufe bei 50 Hz aus Fig. 3 in höherer Zeitauflösung, Kurve 40 den Lampenstromverlauf bei 100 % der Nominalleistung, Kurve 42 den Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit einem Betriebsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, Kurve 44 den Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren .  a section of the commutation of the lamp current waveforms at 50 Hz of FIG. 3 in higher time resolution, curve 40 the lamp current profile at 100% of the nominal power, curve 42 the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with a method of operation according to the prior art, curve 44 the lamp current course 55% of the nominal power with the method according to the invention.
Bevorzugte Ausführung der Erfindung Preferred embodiment of the invention
Fig.l zeigt einen Lampenspannungsverlauf mit sehr schwach ausgeprägtem diffus-spot-Übergang bei Nominalleistung (Kur- ve 10) und stark ausgeprägtem diffus-spot-Übergang 122 im Dimmbetrieb (53 % der Nominalleistung, Kurve 12) bei einer zeitlichen Auflösung von 10 s/Div. FIG. 1 shows a lamp voltage curve with a very weak diffuse-spot transition at nominal power (curve power). ve 10) and pronounced diffuse-spot transition 122 in dimming mode (53% of nominal power, curve 12) at a time resolution of 10 s / div.
Fig. 2 zeigt den Lampenstromverlauf der Signale der Fig. 1 bei sehr schwach ausgeprägtem diffus-spot-Übergang bei FIG. 2 shows the lamp current profile of the signals of FIG. 1 at a very weak diffuse-spot transition
Nominalleistung (Kurve 20) und stark ausgeprägtem diffus- spot-Übergang 221 im Dimmbetrieb (53 % der Nominalleistung, Kurve 22) bei einer zeitlichen Auflösung von 10 s/Div. Nominal power (curve 20) and pronounced diffuse-spot transition 221 in dimming mode (53% of the nominal power, curve 22) at a time resolution of 10 s / div.
Diese beiden Figuren machen die der Erfindung zugrundelie- gende Problematik deutlich. Im Dimmbetrieb werden die These two figures make clear the problems underlying the invention. In dimming mode, the
Elektroden zu kalt, und bei jeder Kommutierung ergeben sich Probleme beim Übergang von der diffusen Bogenansatzbe- triebsweise zur punktförmigen Bogenansatzbetriebsweise, eben dem oben schon erwähnten diffus-spot-Übergang 121, bzw 221. Dies ist deutlich in den Kurven 12 beziehungsweise 22 zu sehen, wo es bei diesem Übergang zu starkem Aufschwingen beim diffus-spot-Übergang 121, 221 kommt, was sich als hochfrequente Störung im Spektrum bemerkbar macht. Um mit einer solchen Betriebsweise die Grenzwerte für die elektro- magnetische Verträglichkeit einhalten zu können sind große und teure Filterbauteile notwendig. Außerdem machen sich diese Instabilitäten bei der Kommutierung als Flackern im Betrieb bemerkbar. Daher wird für den gedimmten Betrieb ein erfindungsgemäßer Pultdachförmiger Lampenstrom vorgeschla- gen, dessen Betrag | Istart sich zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag |I am Ende der Halbperioden verhält wie I start = 1:1.2 bis 1:3.0. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Lampenstrom am Ende der Halbperiode im Mittel doppelt so groß wie zu Beginn der Halbperiode. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Lampenstrom während der Halbperioden variabel und hängt ab von der Änderung der Lampenspannung während einer Halbperiode. Die Höhe des Lampenstromanstiegs während einer Halbperiode, also das Verhältnis von Startstrom zu Endstrom I Istart I : l l end l richtet sich nach der Lampenspannung und vor allem nach der Änderung der Lampenspannung, die während der Halbperiode anliegt. Die Änderung des Lampenstroms in einer Halbperiode wird so eingestellt, dass die Lampenspannung um einen zuvor berechneten oder einem vorgegebenen Wert AUi, U2 angestiegen ist. Der Schwellwert für den Spannungsan¬ stieg der Lampenspannung in der Halbperiode beträgt je nach Gasentladungslampe zwischen 0,2V und 4V. Der Schwellwert ist bevorzugt in einen unteren Schwellwert und einen oberen schwellwert aufgeteilt. Der Spannungsanstieg berechnet sich aus der Differenz der Lampenspannung am Ende der Halbperiode zur Lampenspannung am Beginn der Halbperiode. Wird der Schwellwert für den Lampenspannungsanstieg innerhalb der Halbperiode nicht erreicht, so wird das Verhältnis von Startstrom zu Endstrom für die nächste Halbperiode Electrodes too cold, and at each commutation problems arise in the transition from the diffuse Bogenansatzbe- mode of operation for punctiform Bogenansatzbetriebsweise, just the above-mentioned diffuse-spot transition 121, or 221st This is clearly seen in the curves 12 and 22, respectively where there is a strong swinging up at the diffuse-spot transition 121, 221 in this transition, which manifests itself as a high-frequency disturbance in the spectrum. In order to be able to comply with the limit values for the electromagnetic compatibility with such an operating mode, large and expensive filter components are necessary. In addition, these commutation instabilities become noticeable as flickering during operation. Therefore, a dome-shaped lamp current according to the invention is proposed for dimmed operation, the magnitude of which I start at the beginning of the half periods to the amount | I at the end of the half periods behaves like I start = 1: 1.2 to 1: 3.0. Particularly preferably, the lamp current at the end of the half-period is twice as large as at the beginning of the half-period. According to the invention, the lamp current is variable during the half periods and depends on the change of the lamp voltage during a half period. The height of the lamp current increase during one Half-period, ie the ratio of starting current to final current I Istart I: ll end l depends on the lamp voltage and especially after the change of the lamp voltage, which is applied during the half-period. The change in the lamp current in a half-period is adjusted so that the lamp voltage has increased by a previously calculated or a predetermined value AUi, U2. The threshold value for the Spannungsan ¬ increase of the lamp voltage in the half-period is depending on the gas discharge lamp between 0.2V and 4V. The threshold is preferably divided into a lower threshold and an upper threshold. The voltage increase is calculated from the difference of the lamp voltage at the end of the half-period to the lamp voltage at the beginning of the half-period. If the threshold value for the lamp voltage increase is not reached within the half-period, the ratio of starting current to final current for the next half-period is reached
I Istart I : l l end l erhöht, um die Kathode mehr Aufzuheizen und einen ausgeprägten diffus-spot-Übergang bei der Kommutierung möglichst zu vermeiden. Um eine robuste Regelcharakte¬ ristik zu erreichen, wird das Verhältnis von Startstrom zu Endstrom für die nächste Halbperiode I Istart I : I l end I erhöht, wenn ein unterer Schwellwert für den Spannungsanstieg der Lampenspannung in der Halbperiode unterschritten wird, und erniedrigt, wenn ein oberer Schwellwert für den Spannungs¬ anstieg der Lampenspannung in der Halbperiode überschritten wird. Liegt der Anstieg der Lampenspannung im Bereich zwischen unterem und oberem Schwellwert, so wird das Verhält¬ nis von Startstrom zu Endstrom für die nächste Halbperiode I Istart I : I l end I beibehalten. I Istart I: ll end l increased to heat the cathode more and avoid a pronounced diffuse-spot transition during commutation as possible. In order to achieve a robust Regelcharakte ¬ ristics, the ratio of starting current to final current for the next half-cycle II s tart I: I l end I is increased when a lower threshold for the voltage increase of the lamp voltage in the half-period is exceeded, and lowered, if an upper threshold for the voltage increase ¬ the lamp voltage is exceeded in the half-period. If the rise of the lamp voltage in the range between the lower and upper threshold value, that behaves ¬ nis of starting current to tail current for the next half cycle I Istart I is: I l I end retained.
Fig . 3 zeigt die Lampenstromverläufe bei 50 Hz, Kurve 30 zeigt den Lampenstromverläuf bei 100 % der Nominalleistung, Kurve 32 zeigt den Lampenstromverläuf bei 55 % der Nominal- leistung mit einem Betriebsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, Kurve 34 zeigt den Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsverfahren bei einer zeitlichen Auflösung von 10ms/Div. Der Pultdachförmige Stromverlauf ist in der Kurve 34 gut zu sehen, hier ist der Lampenstrom am Ende der Halbperiode doppelt so groß wie zu Beginn der Halbperiode. Dies würde aber nicht genü¬ gen, um einen stabilen Betrieb der Hochdruckentladungslampe bei niedrigen Dimmstufen sicherzustellen. Erstaunlicherweise hat sich gezeigt, dass ein sicherer Betrieb der Hoch¬ druckentladungslampe damit erreicht werden kann, indem die pultdachförmige Stromform mit einem sehr niederfrequenten Betrieb kombiniert wird. Dies lässt sich daraus erklären, dass durch den kurzzeitigen Quasi-Gleichstrombetrieb immer die Elektrode aufgeheizt wird, die bei der nächsten Kommu¬ tierung von der Anode zur Kathode wird, da die hohe Be¬ triebstemperatur der Elektrode ja nur für ihren kathodischen Betrieb notwendig ist. Die andere Elektrode kühlt in dieser Phase natürlich stärker aus, dies ist aber für die nächste Kommutierung unproblematisch, da die Elektrode dann ja einen Wechsel von der Kathode zur Anode durchläuft, und die Temperatur für den anodischen Betrieb der Elektrode nicht relevant ist. Nach dieser Kommutierung wird sie aber im anodischen Betrieb wieder ebenso lange Aufgeheizt, um dann eine genügend hohe Temperatur für den Übergang Anode- Kathode aufzuweisen. Erfindungsgemäß wird daher im Dimm¬ betrieb die Betriebsfrequenz unter eine Obergrenze abge¬ senkt, um diesen Stabilen Betrieb zu Erreichen. Die Obergrenze liegt bei maximal 120Hz, bevorzugt wird die Be¬ triebsfrequenz auf eine Frequenz um die 50Hz bis 60Hz abgesenkt. Niedrigere Frequenzen können problematisch werden, da das menschliche Auge bei einer Betriebsfrequenz unterhalb 50Hz eine erhöhte Flickersensitivität zeigt, die sich auf den Dimmbetrieb negativ auswirkt. Erst unterhalb einem Hertz nimmt die Flickersensitivität des menschlichen Auges wieder ab, so dass auch sehr niedrige Betriebsfrequenzen möglich sind. Bei sehr niedrigen Dimmleveln kann ein erstaunlich stabiler Betrieb der Hochdruckentladungslampe bei sehr niedrigen Betriebsfrequenzen unterhalb einem Hertz erreicht werden. Die besonders bevorzugte erfindungsgemäße Betriebsfrequenz liegt also bei 50Hz bis 60Hz, bei sehr niedrigen Dimmleveln bei unter 1Hz . Auch hier wird erfindungsgemäß wieder der Anstieg der Lampenspannung in einer Halbperiode gemessen und das Verhältnis von Startstrom zu Endstrom I für die nächste Halbperiode entspre¬ chend dem Spannungsanstieg in der aktuellen Halbperiode angepasst . Fig. FIG. 3 shows the lamp current characteristics at 50 Hz, curve 30 shows the lamp current profile at 100% of the nominal power, curve 32 shows the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with a method of operation according to the prior art, curve 34 shows the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with the operating method according to the invention at a time resolution of 10ms / div. The pent roof-shaped current profile can be clearly seen in the curve 34, here the lamp current at the end of the half-period is twice as large as at the beginning of the half-period. However, this would not genü ¬ gen to ensure stable operation of the high pressure discharge lamp at low dimming levels. Surprisingly, it has been shown that a safe operation of the high-pressure discharge ¬ lamp can thus be achieved by the pent roof-shaped current form is combined with a very low-frequency operation. This can be explained by the fact that the electrode is heated by the short-term quasi-DC operation, always to be at the next Kommu ¬ orientation from the anode to the cathode, since the high Be ¬ operating temperature of the electrode so is only necessary for its cathodic operation. Of course, the other electrode cools more in this phase, but this is not a problem for the next commutation, since the electrode then undergoes a change from the cathode to the anode, and the temperature for the anodic operation of the electrode is not relevant. After this commutation, however, it is heated up again in the anodic mode for just as long, in order then to have a sufficiently high temperature for the transition anode-cathode. Therefore operational ¬ in dimming According to the invention, the operating frequency abge ¬ lowers below an upper limit to this Stable operation to reaching. The upper limit is a maximum of 120 Hz, preferably the Be ¬ operating frequency is lowered to a frequency around 50Hz to 60Hz. Lower frequencies can be problematic because at an operating frequency below 50Hz, the human eye exhibits increased flicker sensitivity on the dimming operation has a negative effect. Only below a hertz decreases the flicker sensitivity of the human eye, so that even very low operating frequencies are possible. At very low dimming levels, astonishingly stable operation of the high pressure discharge lamp can be achieved at very low operating frequencies below one hertz. The particularly preferred operating frequency of the invention is thus at 50Hz to 60Hz, at very low dimming levels below 1Hz. Again, the increase in the lamp voltage is inventively measured again in a half period and entspre ¬ accordingly adjusted the ratio of starting current to end current I for the next half cycle of the voltage rise in the current half period.
Fig. 4 zeigt einen Ausschnitt der Kommutierung der Lampen- stromverläufe bei 50 Hz aus Fig. 3 in höherer Zeitauflö¬ sung, Kurve 40 den Lampenstromverlauf bei 100 % der Nomi¬ nalleistung, Kurve 42 den Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit einem Betriebsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, Kurve 44 den Lampenstromverlauf bei 55 % der Nominalleistung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren. Die Zeitauflösung beträgt hier nicht mehr 10ms/Div, sonder nur noch 10 s/Div. Dargestellt ist insbesondere die Kommutie¬ rung des Lampenstromes. Gut zu sehen ist, dass bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsverfahren (Kurve 44) signifikant weniger Störungen auftreten als bei einem Betriebsverfahren gemäß dem Stand der Technik (Kurve 42) . Mit dem erfindungs¬ gemäßen Betriebsverfahren treten praktisch keine Störungen bei der Kommutierung des Lampenstromes mehr auf, und eine Schaltungsanordnung, die das erfindungsgemäße Betriebsverfahren ausführt, ist signifikant einfacher zu entstören, und damit auch wesentlich kostengünstiger herzustellen. Fig. 4 shows a detail of the commutation of the lamp current waveforms at 50 Hz from FIG. 3 in higher Zeitauflö ¬ solution, curve 40 the lamp current waveform at 100% of Nomi ¬ nalleistung, curve 42 the lamp current waveform by 55% of the nominal power with an operating procedure In the prior art, curve 44, the lamp current profile at 55% of the nominal power with the inventive method. The time resolution is no longer 10ms / div, but only 10 s / div. It shows in particular the commutation tion of the lamp current. It can clearly be seen that significantly fewer disturbances occur in the operating method according to the invention (curve 44) than in a method of operation according to the prior art (curve 42). With the operating method according to the invention, virtually no disturbances occur in the commutation of the lamp current, and a circuit arrangement which carries out the operating method according to the invention is significantly easier to suppress, and thus also considerably less expensive to produce.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung, wobei die Hochdruckentladungslampe bei Nominalleistung mit einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Betriebsfrequenz betrieben wird, und die Lampenspannung während einer Halbperiode zumindest am Anfang einer Halbperiode und am Ende einer Halbperiode gemessen wird, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte:  A method of operating a high pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power, wherein the high pressure discharge lamp is operated at nominal power with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency and the lamp voltage is measured during a half period at least at the beginning of a half period and at the end of a half period characterized by the steps of
- Absenken der aktuellen Betriebsfrequenz unter eine Obergrenze,  Lowering the current operating frequency below an upper limit,
- Ändern der Stromform des Wechselstroms auf eine pultdachförmige Stromform, die abhängig von der Differenz der Lampenspannungen am Ende und am An- fang der Halbperiode ist, bei der sich der Betrag des Stromes | Istart zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag des Stromes | I am Ende der Halbperio¬ den verhält wie Istart = 1:1,2 .. 1:3,0. Changing the current form of the alternating current to a pentagonal current form, which is dependent on the difference of the lamp voltages at the end and at the beginning of the half-period, at which the magnitude of the current | I s tart at the beginning of the half periods to the amount of the current | I at the end of the Halbperio ¬ behaves like Istart = 1: 1.2 .. 1: 3.0.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Betrag des Stromes | Istart zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag des Stromes | I am Ende der Halbperioden verhält wie Istart 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnitude of the current | I s tart at the beginning of the half periods to the amount of the current | I at the end of the half-periods behaves like Istart
1:1,5 .. 1:3,0.  1: 1.5 .. 1: 3.0.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Obergrenze der aktuellen Be¬ triebsfrequenz 120Hz beträgt. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper limit of the current Be ¬ drive frequency is 120Hz.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Obergrenze der aktuellen Be¬ triebsfrequenz 80Hz beträgt. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper limit of the current loading ¬ operating frequency is 80Hz.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Obergrenze der aktuellen Be¬ triebsfrequenz 1Hz beträgt. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper limit of the current Be ¬ operating frequency is 1Hz.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorbestimmte Betriebsfre¬ quenz 160Hz beträgt. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the predetermined Betriebsfre ¬ frequency is 160Hz.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Betrag des Stromes |Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden erhöht wird, wenn ein Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen am Ende und am Anfang der Halbperioden nicht erreicht wird. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnitude of the current | I end l is increased at the end of the half periods, when a threshold value for the difference of the lamp voltages at the end and at the beginning of the half periods is not reached.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen in einen unteren Schwellwert und einen oberen Schwellwert auf¬ geteilt ist, und der Betrag des Stromes |Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden erhöht wird, wenn der untere Schwellwert unterschritten wird, und der Betrag des Stromes |Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden reduziert wird, wenn der obere Schwellwert überschritten wird . Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the threshold value for the difference between the lamp voltages in a lower threshold and an upper threshold value is divided into ¬, and the magnitude of the current | I s dl is incremented at the end of the half-periods, when the lower threshold value is exceeded, and the magnitude of the current | I end | is reduced at the end of the half periods when the upper threshold value is exceeded.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen in einen unteren Schwellwert und einen oberen Schwellwert auf¬ geteilt ist, und der Betrag des Stromes | Istart I am Anfang der Halbperioden erhöht wird, wenn der untere Schwellwert unterschritten wird, und der Betrag Stromes | Istart I am Anfang der Halbperioden reduziert wird, wenn der obere Schwellwert überschritten wird . Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the threshold value for the difference between the lamp voltages in a lower threshold and an upper threshold value is divided into ¬, and the magnitude of the current | I s tart I is increased at the beginning of the half periods, when the lower threshold is exceeded, and the amount current | I s tart I is reduced at the beginning of the half periods, when the upper threshold is exceeded.
10. Verfahren nach beiden vorhergehenden Ansprüchen 8 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei unter¬ schreiten des unteren Schwellwertes der Betrag des Stromes | Istart am Anfang der Halbperioden und der Betrag des Stromes |Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden erhöht wird, und bei überschreiten des oberen 10. The method according to the two preceding claims 8 and 9, characterized in that at below ¬ below the lower threshold value of the magnitude of the current | I s tart at the beginning of the half periods and the magnitude of the current | I end l is increased at the end of the half periods, and when exceeding the upper half
Schwellwertes der Betrag des Stromes Istart am An¬ fang der Halbperioden und der Betrag des Stromes | Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden reduziert wird. Threshold of the amount of current Istart on to ¬ catch the half-periods and the amount of the current | I end l is reduced at the end of the half periods.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwellwert für die Differenz der Lampenspannungen zwischen 0,2 Volt und 3 Volt liegt. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the threshold value for the difference of the lamp voltages is between 0.2 volts and 3 volts.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass der obere Schwellwert maximal 0,5Volt größer ist als der untere Schwellwert.  12. The method according to claim 11, characterized marked, that the upper threshold is at most 0.5 volts greater than the lower threshold.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromform des Wech¬ selstroms bei Nominalleistung rechteckförmig ist. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the current form of the alternating current ¬ is rectangular at nominal power.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromform des Wech¬ selstroms bei Nominalleistung pultdachförmig ist, wobei sich der Betrag des Stromes | Istart zu Beginn der Halbperioden zu dem Betrag des Stromes | Iendl am Ende der Halbperioden verhält wie Istart 14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the current form of the alternating current ¬ is pultdachförmig at nominal power, wherein the magnitude of the current | I s tart at the beginning of the half periods to the amount of the current | I end l at the end of the half periods behaves like Istart
1:1 .. 1:1,2.  1: 1 .. 1: 1.2.
15. Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe unterhalb ihrer nominalen Leistung, wobei die Hochdruckentladungslampe bei Nominalleistung mit einem Wechselstrom einer vorbestimmten Betriebsfrequenz betrieben wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 ausführt. 15. A circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power, wherein the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at nominal power with an alternating current of a predetermined operating frequency, characterized characterized in that it carries out a method according to one of claims 1 to 14.
EP11779370.3A 2010-11-09 2011-10-24 Circuit arrangement and method for operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power Not-in-force EP2526742B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010043604 2010-11-09
PCT/EP2011/068509 WO2012062556A1 (en) 2010-11-09 2011-10-24 Circuit arrangement and method for operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power

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DE102013219694A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Method for operating a gas discharge lamp of a light module

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US5691605A (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-11-25 Philips Electronics North America Electronic ballast with interface circuitry for multiple dimming inputs
GB2325099A (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-11 David John Aarons Gas discharge lamp drive circuit; dimming
JP2002134287A (en) * 2000-10-24 2002-05-10 Tdk Corp Electric discharge lamp lighting method and equipment
JP3893042B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2007-03-14 松下電器産業株式会社 High pressure discharge lamp lighting method, lighting device, and high pressure discharge lamp device
KR100915850B1 (en) * 2001-11-30 2009-09-07 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. Method and device for driving a HID lamp
JP4244747B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2009-03-25 ウシオ電機株式会社 High pressure discharge lamp lighting device
JP4637675B2 (en) * 2005-07-27 2011-02-23 三菱電機株式会社 Lamp lighting device
JP4470985B2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2010-06-02 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Light source device and projector
JP4697326B2 (en) * 2009-04-01 2011-06-08 ウシオ電機株式会社 High pressure discharge lamp lighting device

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EP2526742B1 (en) 2014-06-11
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WO2012062556A1 (en) 2012-05-18

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