EP2523928A1

EP2523928A1 - Foaming additive for preparing mineral foams for coatings, mortars and concretes, foams thus obtained and cured products obtained from said foams

Info

Publication number: EP2523928A1
Application number: EP11700178A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jean Ambroise; Marie Aulagnier; Anne Daubresse; Pierre Antoine Andreani
Original assignee: ParexGroup SAS
Current assignee: ParexGroup SAS
Priority date: 2010-01-13
Filing date: 2011-01-13
Publication date: 2012-11-21
Also published as: CN102791656A; FR2955103B1; WO2011086133A1; BR112012017487A2; FR2955103A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a foaming additive for preparing foams for coatings, mortars and concrete for construction, wherein said foams become porous after curing so as to be light-weight, and thermally and/or acoustically insulating, either in a pasty form or in a cured form, and are obtaining by feeding air upon mixing. Said additive includes: A) a modified starch ether having a Brookfield viscosity of between 500 and 25,000 mPa.s.; B) a stabilizer including at least one linear polyacrylamide; and C) a film-forming polymer. The present invention also comprises: a dry composition for preparing a foam for a coating, a mortar or a concrete including said foaming additive and the method for preparing said foam; a foam for a coating (e.g. a façade coating or an acoustic coating), a mortar (e.g. a fire-retardant mortar) or a gunable wet concrete including the dry composition; the use of the invention by means of projecting or spreading said foam on a building surface and the coating thus obtained; and a building or civil-engineering construction obtained from a foam for a coating, a mortar or a concrete as stipulated above.

Description

FOAMING ADJUVANT FOR THE PREPARATION OF MINERAL FOAMS OF COATINGS, MORTARS AND CONCRETES, FOAMS OBTAINED THEREBY AND CURED PRODUCTS THEREOF

The technical field of the invention is that of mineral foams plaster, mortars and concrete for the building and adjuvants to obtain them.

More specifically, the present invention relates to an adjuvantation formulation for the preparation of these foams, said formulation being intended to allow the formation of foams by trapping air, during the preparation of wet forms of coatings, mortars and concretes, ready for application in building or civil engineering.

The preparation of these foams and their applications by projection or spreading on a building surface and the coatings thus obtained constitute other objects of the present invention. These coatings may be wall coverings (preferably exterior) or floor coverings. These foams can also be used in the construction of building or civil engineering works, for example prefabricated elements such as pre-walls in which the foams are used as filling material.

Throughout this presentation, any singular denotes indifferently a singular or a plural.

Previous Art

In this technical field, there is a constant need for a "foam" system integrating air into wet or hardened plasters, mortars and concretes, in order to lighten them and to provide them with interesting properties, particularly in terms of acoustic and / or thermal insulation and thermal resistance or fire resistance. These foams, mortars or low density wet concrete, should also have good workability or maneuverability. The acoustic and / or thermal insulation properties of these foam plasters, mortars or concretes, would be particularly appreciated for floor coverings, for external coatings for the protection of facades, for fireproof mortars , among others.

A number of adjuvants for mortar or concrete coating compositions are already known, whose function is to generate gases in situ and thus to form a foam after mixing and porosity after curing. This is particularly the case of aluminum powders capable of producing hydrogen in an alkaline medium, as well as peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide which gives off oxygen when in contact with water. Adjuvants for air-entraining concrete mortars are also known, which are intended to trap the surrounding air, when mixing with the water (mixing) dry compositions of coatings, mortars or concrete. These air entrainers are for example surfactants, fatty acids, alkaline salts of fatty acids such as sodium lauryl sulphate. Such known air-entraining admixtures are perfectible.

Indeed, the whole difficulty of this air-foaming production line lies in the stabilization of the trapped air within the wet matrix of mortar or concrete plaster.

This stabilization is all the more delicate that it must not be obtained to the detriment of the properties of use (eg of the handling) of the wet forms of plaster, mortar and concrete foams, or to the detriment of the properties ( particularly mechanical) expected for the hardened forms of these foams.

In addition, the stability of the foam must also be present at each stage of the preparation and application processes. This should result in an identical density tank d _c kneading and after passing through the pipes (density output lance _s i) and at the projection, when the application operates as well.

Technical problem - Objectives

In the foregoing context recalled above, the technical problem at the source of the present invention is to satisfy at least one of the objectives set out below:

(i) Provide a mineral foam of plaster, mortar, or projectable and / or spreadable concrete for external coatings, floor coverings of buildings or constructions of buildings or civil engineering works,

o which is in the form of a foam after mixing and in porous form once cured, so as to be lightened, thermally insulating and / or acoustically, both in pasty form and in hardened form,

o which is obtained by a formulation of admixtures by air entrainment during the mixing at low shear rate.

(ii) Provide a mineral foam plaster, mortar, or concrete in accordance with paragraph (i), and which further allows the stabilization of entrained and trapped air during mixing, without impairing the application properties (of use): workability, ability to be pumped, workability, spreading, spraying, correct setting time, wet form or little or no sticking paste to mixer / mixer and application tools; ease, speed and reproducibility of the mixing without the use of sophisticated or special equipment but simply with projectors and mixers common sites, with which discontinuous mixings are generally performed. (iii) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with paragraph (i) and / or (ii), having a low density and capable of being pumped and sprayed with good density stability.

(iv) Providing a mineral foam, mortar, or concrete foam according to at least one of subparagraphs (i) to (iii), which performs its conventional function of protective / waterproofing coating, or even possibly coating of decoration.

(v) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of paragraphs (i) to (iv), and which, after being applied to a substrate or shaped, and cured, having, on the one hand, a reduced thermal conductivity λ (Wm '.K ¹ ) less than or equal to 0.1, preferably to 0.085 and preferably to 0.065, which makes it thermally insulating, and secondly , excellent sound insulation properties.

(vi) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of (i) to (v), and which is also sufficiently stable in wet form (paste) after mixing, for can be applied and has durable mechanical properties in hardened form.

(vii) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of paragraphs (i) to (vi), and which further has acceptable water retention during tempering.

(viii) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of paragraphs (i) to (vii) for which a foam structure in a wet form or a porous structure is accessed in hardened form, without necessarily using light loads and / or without implementing gas generating components in situ and / or without specific and sophisticated mixers.

(ix) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of paragraphs (i) to (vii), which exhibits, once cured, good mechanical performance (hardness, resistance to cracking, sustainability) and implementation.

(x) Provide a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam according to at least one of subparagraphs (i) to (ix), having a thermal conductivity λ less than or equal to 0.1, preferably to 0.085 and preferably at 0.065 ^' and / or a shock attenuation (acoustic insulation) Δ1 greater than or equal to 3 dB or even 4 dB, and / or a water retention of greater than 80% and / or a setting time between 5 and 20 hours.

(xi) Provide a process for the preparation of a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of (i) to (x), which process must be economical and simple to enforce.

(xii) Provide processes for applying a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of paragraphs (i) to (x). (xiii) Provide from a plaster, mortar, or concrete mineral foam in accordance with at least one of paragraphs (i) to (x), a plaster, mortar or hardened, porous, lightweight concrete thermally and / or acoustically, fire and heat resistant, simple to apply, economical and with good mechanical properties. (xiv) Provide a mortar mortar foam in accordance with at least one of (i) to (x), lighter pumpable that may be used for the manufacture of prefabricated building or civil engineering works, for example in filling between two walls in pre-wall type applications.

Brief description of the invention

The problem mentioned above is solved by the invention which relates to a foaming adjuvant, in particular for a coating, mortar or concrete, characterized in that it comprises:

A. 100 parts by weight of at least one modified starch with a viscosity of between 500 and 25,000 mPa.s, preferably between 1,000 and 15,000 mPa.s, and more preferably between 1,000 and 15,000 mPa.s, preferably chosen among starch ethers functionalized with hydroxyalkyl radicals, preferably C1-C5 hydroxyalkyl radicals, and even more preferably hydroxypropyl and / or hydroxyethyl radicals; these functionalized starch ethers preferably having a degree of substitution DS> 0.1, preferably between 0.2 and 1;

B. 1 to 10, preferably 3 to 7 parts by weight of a stabilizer comprising at least one linear polyacrylamide, preferably nonionic;

C. and 15 to 45, preferably 20 to 30 parts by weight of at least one polymeric film, preferably at least one polyvinyl alcohol.

It is the merit of the inventors to have managed to formulate this adjuvant capable of trapping the air during the mixing of coatings, mortars or concrete. The foam thus produced is sparse and stable. The coating or the structure that can be obtained from this foam has a porous structure, lightened, acoustically and thermally insulating (low coefficient λ of thermal conductivity), fire-resistant, and without affecting the conventional functions required. for such products, namely in particular: protection / waterproofing of the support, possibly decoration, preparation, maneuverability, durability, and mechanical strength (good hardness good resistance to cracking).

In particular, the products according to the invention have good performance of implementation such as "workability" and rheological properties adapted to pumping. "Workability" is the ability of a mortar to have an open time, that is, a time after mixing during which the product is manageable. An open time that is too short corresponds to a rapid setting of the binder and an open time that is too long can favor the appearance of certain degradations of the coating.

The present invention also aims at:

→ A dry composition for the preparation of a mineral foam plaster, mortar or concrete characterized in that it comprises:

at. at least one mineral hydraulic binder (cement) and optionally at least one organic binder,

b. at least one foaming adjuvant according to the invention,

vs. optionally at least one granulate,

d. possibly at least one light load,

e. at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b), preferably at least one water-retencher selected from the group consisting of: celluloses, starches, gums and mixtures thereof, and with an average viscosity of between 10,000 and 50,000 mPa.s, preferably between 20,000 and 40,000 mPa.s, and still more preferably on the order of 30,000 mPa.s;

and / or at least one air entrainer, preferably which is chosen from surfactants, more preferably from the group comprising alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkylarylsulphates and their mixtures, and even more preferably which comprises sodium lauryl sulphate.

→ A plaster mineral foam (e.g., facade plaster or acoustic plaster), mortar (e.g. fireproof mortar) or sprayable wet concrete comprising the aforementioned dry composition;

→ The application by projection on a building surface of this mineral foam of wet plaster and the coating obtained;

→ Application by spreading on a building surface (floor) of this mineral foam of damp acoustic coating and the coating thus obtained;

→ The application by projection on a building surface (wall) of a mineral foam of wet fireproof mortar and the coating thus obtained;

→ A building or civil engineering structure obtained from a plaster, mortar or concrete mineral foam as referred to above.

Definitions

The definitions given below as examples may serve as a reference for this presentation:

• "Coating" refers more specifically to a mortar used in the surface coating of a surface in order to protect it, to homogenize it, etc. "mortar" refers more particularly to a mixture of binder (hydraulic or organic), filler, sands (aggregates with a diameter <5mm), water and possibly adjuvants and special additions.

"Concrete" refers more specifically to a mixture of binder (hydraulic or organic), aggregates, water and possibly adjuvants and special additions.

All the viscosities referred to herein correspond to a dynamic viscosity value at 25 ° C. called "Newtonian", that is to say the dynamic viscosity which is measured, in a manner known per se, at a gradient shear rate sufficiently low that the measured viscosity is independent of the velocity gradient. This viscosity can be measured for example using a BROOKFIELD viscometer, according to the AFNOR NFT 76 102 standard of February 1972, specifically with a spindle 4 / in suspension at 6.8% / 20 ° C. with a particle ratio greater than 300 μιη <50mg / g.

thermal conductivity λ in W m ^ K ¹ : measured after drying according to the method described hereinafter in the examples.

density d _d : density (Kg / L) measured on cured product according to the method described hereinafter in the examples.

density d _c : density (Kg / L) measured on the dough in the mixing tank according to the method described hereinafter in the examples.

density _s i: density (Kg / L) measured on the slurry at the outlet of lance according to the method described hereinafter in the Examples.

"low density", "low density" to qualify the coating, mortar or hardened concrete, means that its density d _d , d _c or d _s "is less than or equal to 2.

"light" to describe the products used in coatings, density means _d less than or equal to 1.5.

water retention: measured according to the method described hereinafter in the examples, setting time: measured according to the method described hereinafter in the examples.

Improvement of noise attenuation (sound insulation) Δ1: determined by the Scientific and Technical Center for Building (CSTB) in accordance with NF EN ISO 140-1, NF EN 140-2, NF EN ISO 140-8 and NF EN ISO 140-6 supplemented by standard NF EN ISO 717/2 and associated amendments.

Spreading E: measures the spread diameter on a glass plate of the floor coating with a CSTB ring (diameter 30 mm, height 50 mm). The realization of spreads are made at three deadlines: 5 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes after the start of the spoil. The test is carried out according to standard NF EN 12706.

"particle size" is Dmax in dry sieving.

The particle size of a "powder" is less than or equal to 1 mm, preferably between 100 μιη and 1 mm. • The granulometry of a "granulate" is greater than 1 mm, preferably less than or equal to 10 mm.

"Filler" denotes a light powdery mortar filler, comprising, for example, siliceous, calcareous, silico-calcareous particles and / or particles of perlite or vermiculite, of particle size less than or equal to 200 μιη.

Detailed description of the invention

FOAMING ADJUVANT

According to a remarkable characteristic of the invention, the quantitative composition (% by weight and in increasing order of preference) of the foaming adjunct ABC may be as follows:

o A: [50-99.99]; [60 to 99.99]; [70-80]

o B: [0.01-20]; [0.1-15]; [1-10]

o C: [0.01-40]; [5-35]; [10-30]

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the foaming builder formulation ABC comprises at least one modified starch Al corresponding to the definition given above and at least one other modified starch A.2, different from A. 1, and also meeting the definition given above, the viscosity of A.1 being lower than that of A.2 and the DS of A.1 being higher than that of A.2.

Advantageously, for 100 parts by weight of A, there are 40 to 50 parts by weight of Al and 60 to 50 parts by weight of A.2.

The modified starch A.I preferably has a very low viscosity. It is rather a hydroxypropylated starch ether with a high degree of substitution with a very good resistance to a high pH> 12. The thickening power of this starch passes through a maximum when its concentration increases.

Advantageously, the modified starch A.2 partially replaces the modified starch A.I to improve the workability of the final product (reduction of stickiness to the tool) without degrading the density level obtained.

The modified starch A.2 preferably has a low viscosity. It is rather a hydroxypropylated starch ether with a high degree of substitution and good resistance to a high pH> 12. The thickening power of this starch increases with its concentration. Stabilizer B is preferably a linear nonionic polymer of the polyacrylamide family. It may also be an ionic form, especially anionic. This linear polyacrylamide B may be mixed with urea. In practice, it is preferred to use it without urea.

Stabilizer B ensures the stability of the air in the wet foam (plaster, mortar, concrete).

The film-forming polymer C is advantageously a polyvinyl alcohol which contributes to the entrainment of air. In the case of an application as a floor covering, in particular, it avoids linting of the wet foam at the time of dressing to ruler immediately after the projection of the foam. It therefore contributes to the maneuverability of the wet product.

Advantageously, the foaming adjuvant comprises a product marketed by the company under the name PAREXLANKO LANKOSTAB ^®.

In practice, the foaming adjuvant (b) is for example LANKOSTAB ^® .

This foaming adjuvant ABC is a trainer and air stabilizer, which ensures the greater stability of air trapping in the wet foam (coating, mortar, concrete) and therefore the density, particularly between the tank of kneading and projection lance release.

RUBBER / MORTAR / CONCRETE FOAM

The foaming adjuvant according to the invention makes it possible to prepare, on the one hand, mineral foams of plasters, mortars or lightened concretes, in wet / pasty form before application and, on the other hand, porous structures hardened after application.

Dry composition:

The invention thus relates to a dry composition dry composition for the preparation of a mineral foam plaster, mortar or concrete characterized in that it comprises: a. at least one mineral hydraulic binder (cement) and optionally at least one organic binder,

b. at least one foaming adjuvant according to the invention,

vs. optionally at least one granulate,

d. possibly at least one light load,

e. at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b), preferably at least one water retainer (e ') selected from the group consisting of: celluloses, modified celluloses - preferably cellulose ethers -, starches, starches modified, preferably starch ethers, gums and mixtures thereof, and with a viscosity of between 10,000 and 50,000 mPa.s, preferably between 20,000 and 40,000 mPa.s, and still more preferably of the order of 30 000 mPa.s;

and / or at least one air entrainer (e "), which is preferably chosen from surfactants, more preferably from the group comprising alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkylarylsulphates and their mixtures, and even more preferably which comprises sodium lauryl sulphate.

The water retainer (e ') is advantageously a mixture of compounds as defined above, said mixture comprising at least one cellulose ether modified with a hydroxypropyl radical in a high degree of substitution (eg between 0.2 and 1), and of medium viscosity of the order of 30,000 +/- 10,000 mPa.s.

This water retainer (e ') is chosen such that it allows, after mixing, a resumption of smoothing without tearing and thus contributes to the adjustment of the handling of the wet product.

The air entrainer (e ") is a surfactant that contributes to the lightening of the product and promotes the creation in the product of a network of air bubbles that is stable over time.

According to a remarkable characteristic of the invention, the quantitative composition (% by weight) of the water retenter (e ') and the air entrainer (e ") can be as follows:

For 100 parts by weight of ABC foaming agent, there may be in parts by weight in increasing order preferably:

o water retentive (e '): [5 - 40], [10-30], [15 - 20];

o air entrainer (e "): [5 - 30], [8-20], [10 - 15].

Process for preparing the foam:

The invention also relates to a process for preparing a mineral foam coating, mortar or concrete from this dry composition. This process consists essentially of mixing water (mixing) with said dry composition, to produce a mineral foam plaster, mortar or wet concrete in which the air is trapped durably including using the adjuvant foaming.

Supports and structures / civil engineering:

Another object of the invention consists in the supports, taken as such, coated with the aid of the plaster, mortar or concrete foam according to the invention and in the building / civil engineering works, taken as such, obtained using the plaster, mortar or concrete foam according to the invention. These structures may be prefabricated elements such as panels or premurs, in which the filler material is constituted at least in part by the plaster, mortar or concrete foam according to the invention.

FOAMS OF COATINGS

Foam technology according to the invention enables the development of coated projectable density _d d _c or d i _s less than 1 and preferably less than 0.5, resulting in cured coatings having lower thermal conductivities or equal to 0.1 and preferably less than or equal to 0.085 W / (mK), more preferably less than or equal to 0.065 W / mK

Dry composition:

With regard specifically to coatings, the aforementioned dry composition, but more especially formulated for the preparation of a mineral coating foam, is characterized in that it comprises:

at. l at least one mineral hydraulic binder (egcimentaire) and optionally at least one organic binder, preferably a mineral hydraulic binder selected from the group of Portland cements, aerial or hydraulic lime, aluminous cements (eg sulfo-aluminous cements and cations based on calcium aluminates), calcium sulphates and mixtures thereof,

b. at least one foaming adjuvant according to the invention,

cl at least one granulate (or structuring filler) preferably selected from the group consisting of sands, siliceous iron, limestone, silico-limestone, rubber granules, and mixtures thereof,

d. at least one light filler preferably selected from the group consisting of the following products: vermiculite, perlite, expanded glass beads, expanded polystyrene beads, expanded polymer beads, cork granulates, hemp granules, expanded rhyolite, hollow spheres of alumina silicate, aggregates or powder of silica aerogels and mixtures thereof,

e. at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b1), as defined in the adjuvant (e) given above [eg water retainer (e ') - air entraining agent (e "). an adjuvant which is different from the adjuvant (b1) and which may be a thickener, a water repellent, a set retarder, a setting accelerator, fibers or mixtures of these products. For the binder a. Sulfoaluminous cement / lime mixtures and / or Portland cements and calcium aluminate / sulphate (s) / lime based aluminous cement mixtures are particularly preferred.

The organic binder (a.1), if it is present, is rather chosen from acrylic and vinyl resins, preferably styrene-acrylic, acrylic, vinyl-ethylene acetate, vinyl-acetate / versatate / ethylene resins, and their mixtures.

The binder (a.l) is slightly conductive and provides significant mechanical strength.

The adjuvant (f l) has the role of providing a regularity of the properties of the material and makes it possible to fulfill the precise specifications specific to each coating (adjustment of the rheology and the implementation).

The adjuvant other than the foaming admixture (b.l) may be a thickener, a water repellent, a set retarder, a setting accelerator, fibers or mixtures of these products.

The thickener makes it possible to control the porosity of the material obtained, in particular in light cementitious products, to facilitate the incorporation of light aggregates and to improve the homogeneity of their volume distribution. It is for example chosen from the group of organic thickeners and / or from the group of mineral thickeners, preferably from the subgroup comprising: cellulose ethers, guar ethers, modified starches (eg starch ethers: hydroxypropyl-, hydroxyethyl -, carboxymethyl starches), xanthan gum, welan gum, succinoglycan gum, bentonite, sepiolite, montmorillonite, precipitated silica and mixtures thereof.

The water-repellent is for example chosen from the group comprising: magnesium, calcium or aluminum stearate, sodium oleate, siloxane compounds and mixtures thereof. Retarders and setting accelerators are water-soluble products that modify the solubilities, dissolution rates and hydration of the various constituents of the binders. The setting retarder is, for example, chosen from the group comprising tartaric acid and its salts, preferably sodium or potassium salts, citric acid and its salts, preferably sodium salts (trisodium citrate) and their salts. mixtures. The setting accelerator is, for example, sodium carbonate and / or lithium carbonate.

The fibers comprise polyamide, polyacrylonitrile polyacrylate, cellulose, polypropylene, glass, sisal, jute, hemp or blends thereof fibers. This dry composition of sprayable coating advantageously comprises (in% by weight and in increasing order of preference):

at. l [15-75], [20-65], [40-60]

b. l [0,1-5], [0,5-3], [1,5-2,5] cl [15-75], [20-65], [40-60]

d. l [1-30], [2-15], [3-8]

e. l [0-5]; [0.5-4]; [0-2,5]

f. l [0.01-5], [0.1-2], [0.5-1.5].

For example, the composition (% by mass) is as follows:

a · _. 1 Hydraulic binder _. : _.

Sulphoaluminous cement ... [0 - 95] [0 - 75] [0 - 50]

Calcium aluminate cement ... [0 - 95] [0 - 75] [0 - 50]

Portland cement ... [0 - 95] [0 - 75] [0 - 50]

Source of sulphate ... [0 - 95] [0 - 75] [0 - 50]

Lime ... [0 - 95] [0 - 75] [0 - 50]

ç, l Aggregates _::: | - 751 OJ - 50]

dJ. CMrge ^ light. ^

eJ _. Adjuvants _. ;

Air Trainer (e ".l): [0 - 1]

Water retenter (e ', l): [0,1 - 5]

f: 1. Adjuvants.:.

Accelerator: [0, 2] in mass relative to the binder

Setting retarder: [0, 2] in mass relative to the binder

Water repellent: [0, 1],

Thickener: [0, 5];

this composition systematically comprising a. l, b.l, cl, d. l, e.l.

According to one possibility, this dry composition is a one-component or two-component mixture ready for use.

Wet plaster foam:

In another of its aspects, the invention aims, on the one hand, the preparation of a projectable wet plaster mineral foam by mixing the aforementioned dry composition with water, and, on the other hand, this sprayable wet plaster mineral foam per se. The water content of this wet plaster mineral foam is expressed by a mixing ratio, that is to say a ratio of the mass of water introduced on the dry matter mass of the binder (a1) and the filler (C1, d1), which is for example the following, in increasing order of preference and in weight percent: [10-300]; [15-200]; [20-100].

The above limits are defined by a maximum corresponding to the rate above which the fresh hydrated binder paste becomes a suspension and for which the binder grains sedimentent, and by minimum corresponding to the rate below which the binder is not sufficiently wet to form a homogeneous paste.

The process can be a batch mixing, in which is mixed in the bowl of a spraying machine, water to a mixture ready for use. The mixing time is preferably 1 to 15 minutes, or even 3 to 10 minutes. This process is easy to implement by building practitioners.

Application of the wet plaster foam:

Another object of the invention is the application by projection onto a building surface, preferably a wall, and more particularly a wall of monomur type support in brick or cellular concrete, the mineral foam coating defined above.

This wall application can be carried out for new buildings as well as for buildings under renovation.

The application according to the invention is easy.

Coating obtained after application of the wet plaster foam:

The present invention also relates to a coating obtained by the above application and having at least one of the following properties:

♦ thermal conductivity λ less than or equal to 0.08 W m ^ K ^-1 and preferably less than 0.065 W m ^-1 K ^-1 ,

♦ density d _d less than or equal to 1, preferably 0.5,

♦ water retention greater than or equal to 80%, preferably 90%, and

♦ setting time between 5 and 20 hours, preferably between 10 and 14 hours, at 5 ° C and 30 ° C.

Supports and structures / civil engineering:

Another object of the invention consists in the supports, taken as such, coated with the aid of the coating according to the invention and in the building / civil engineering works, taken as such, obtained from the using the coating according to the invention.

FOAMS OF ACOUSTIC COATINGS

The foam technology according to the invention makes it possible to develop sprayable and / or spreadable coating foams with the following properties:

→ spread (mm) E5min> 100, preferably at 120, spread E20min> 100, preferably at 110, spread E5min> 90, preferably at 105,

→ density _d d _c or d i _s less than or equal to 2, preferably 1.5,

→ noise attenuation (sound insulation) Δ1> 4, preferably> 6. Dry composition:

With regard specifically to acetic coatings, the dry composition specially formulated for the preparation of an acoustic coating foam is characterized in that it comprises:

a.2 at least one mineral hydraulic binder (egcimentaire) and optionally at least one organic binder, preferably a mineral hydraulic binder selected from the group of Portland cements, aerial or hydraulic lime, aluminous cements (eg sulfo-aluminous cements and calcium aluminate-based cements), calcium sulphates and mixtures thereof,

b.2 at least one foaming adjuvant as defined above,

c.2 at least one granulate preferably selected from the group consisting of sands, siliceous iron, limestone, silico-limestone, rubber granules, and mixtures thereof

d.2 at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b.2), as defined in the adjuvant (e) above,

and e.2 at least one adjuvant that is different from the adjuvant (b.2) and that may be a superplasticizer, a water-resistance-improving agent, a mechanical strength-and-durability, a retarding-set, an accelerator, taken, or mixtures of these products.

The binder a.2, the aggregate c.2 (or structuring charge), the adjuvant e.2 are advantageously of the same type as a. It is described above for sprayable plaster foams.

This dry composition of acoustic coating advantageously comprises (in% by weight and in increasing order of preference):

a.2 [15-75], [20-65], [40-60]

b.2 [0.1-5], [0.5-3], [1-2],

c.2 [15-75], [20-65], [40-60]

d.2 [0-5]; [0.5-4]; [0-2,5]

e.2 [0.01-5], [0.1-2], [0.5-1.5].

According to one possibility, this dry composition is a one-component or two-component mixture ready for use. Foam of damp acoustic coating:

In another of its aspects, the invention aims, on the one hand, the preparation of a spreadable wet acoustic coating foam, by mixing the aforementioned dry composition with water, and, on the other hand, this foam is sprayable wet per se. The water content of this coating foam is expressed by a mixing ratio, that is to say a ratio of the mass of water introduced on the mass of dry matter of the binder (a.2) and the load (c.2 ), which is for example the following, in increasing order of preference and in percentage by weight:

[10-300]; [15-200]; [20-100].

The above limits are defined by a maximum corresponding to the rate above which the fresh hydrated binder paste becomes a suspension and for which the binder grains settle, and by a minimum corresponding to the rate below which the binder is not wet enough to form a homogeneous paste.

The process can be a batch mixing, in which is mixed with a mixing plant in the bowl of a machine, water to a mixture ready for use. The mixing time is preferably 1 to 15 minutes, or even 3 to 10 minutes. This process is easy to implement by building practitioners.

Application of the wet plaster foam:

Another object of the invention is the application by spreading on a building surface, preferably a floor, of the coating defined above.

The application according to the invention is easy.

Acoustic insulation obtained after application of the damp acoustic foam:

The present invention also relates to an acoustic coating obtained by the aforementioned application and having at least one of the following properties:

♦ Spread (mm) E5min> 100, preferably at 120, Spread E20min> 100, preferably at 110, Spread E5min> 90, preferably at 105

♦ density dd less than or equal to 2, preferably 1.5,

♦ noise attenuation (acoustic insulation) Δ1> 4, preferably> 6.

Supports and structures / civil engineering:

Another object of the invention consists in the supports, taken as such, coated with the acoustic coating foam according to the invention and in the building / civil engineering works, taken as such, obtained using the acoustic coating according to the invention. These structures may be prefabricated elements such as panels or premurs, in which the filling material is constituted at least in part by the acoustic coating foam according to the invention. MORTARS FIRE CUTTER

The foam technology according to the invention makes it possible to develop fireproof mortars with a density dd less than or equal to 2, preferably 1.5, as well as fire resistance properties.

Dry composition:

Specifically for fireproof mortars, the dry composition specially formulated for the preparation of a fire-resistant mortar foam is characterized in that it comprises:

a.3 at least one mineral hydraulic binder (cement) and optionally at least one organic binder, preferably a mineral hydraulic binder selected from the group of Portland cements, aerial or hydraulic lime, aluminous cements (sulfo-aluminous cements and cations based on calcium aluminates), calcium sulphates and mixtures thereof,

b.3 at least one foaming adjuvant according to the invention as defined above,

c.3 at least one refractory and lightening filler preferably selected from the group comprising chamottes, perlites, vermiculites and mixtures thereof,

d.3 at least one adjuvant other than adjuvant (b.3), meeting the definition of adjuvant (e.) given above,

and e.3 an adjuvant that is different from the adjuvant (b.3) and that may be a thickener, a water repellent and a mixture of these products.

The binder a.3, and the adjuvant e.3 are advantageously of the same type as a. The above described for sprayable plaster foams.

This dry fireproof mortar composition advantageously comprises (in% by weight and in increasing order of preference):

a.3 [9-75], [19-55], [40-60]

b.3 [0.1-10], [0.5-7], [1-5],

c.3 [24-90], [40-80], [50-70],

d.3 [0-5]; [0.5-4]; [0-2,5]

e.3 [0.01-5], [0.1-2], [0.5-1.5].

According to one possibility, this dry composition is a one-component or two-component mixture ready for use. Moist fireproof mortar foam:

In another of its aspects, the invention aims, on the one hand, the preparation of a fireproof mortar mortar projectable by mixing the aforementioned dry composition with water, and, on the other hand, this fireproof mortar foam sprayable per se. The water content of this fireproof mortar foam is expressed by a mixing ratio, that is to say a ratio of the mass of water introduced on the mass of dry matter of the binder (a.3) and the charge (c.3, d.3), which is for example the following, in increasing order of preference and in percent by weight: [10-300]; [15-200]; [20-100].

Application of fireproof mortar foam:

Another object of the invention is the application by projection on a building surface, preferably a wall and more particularly a wall type support monomur brick or cellular concrete, fireproof mortar foam defined above.

This wall application can be performed for both new buildings and for buildings under renovation, for example tunnels.

The application according to the invention is easy.

Coating obtained after application of fireproof mortar foam:

The present invention also provides a fire resistant coating obtained by the above application having a density dd less than or equal to 2, preferably 1.5. Supports and structures / civil engineering:

Another object of the invention consists in the supports, taken as such, coated with the aid of the fireproof mortar according to the invention and in the building / civil engineering works, taken as such, obtained at using the fireproof mortar foam according to the invention. These structures may be prefabricated elements such as panels or pre-walls, in which the filler material is constituted at least in part by the fireproof mortar foam according to the invention. EXAMPLES

AT . Mixing test in Perrier-type laboratory kneader

: 1.-. Raw materials

a.1 hydraulic binder:

white calcium aluminate: ternal white from Kerneos

micronized anhydrite: SMA micronized micronized anhydrite

aerial lime: chaubor CL90-S Lhoist b.l foaming adjunct PAREXLANKO: c.1 sands andfillers:

calcium carbonate dmoyen 140μ: Mikhart 130 of the Provençal society

calcium carbonate dmoyen 180μ: Mikhart 80/800 of the Provençal company d.1 light loads:

perlite: perlite 5mm plasterboard

expanded glass beads: poraver 2-4 from Dennert Poraver g.1 admixtures:

(é.l) Modified medium viscosity cellulose ether (30000 mPa) / Addilose M 12 from the company AVEBE

(e ".l) Air trainer from the family of sodium lauryl sulphate: Silipon 31 HDH from the company Hercules Aqualon f.l adjuvants:

setting retarder: citric acid: anhydrous citric acid fine grain 150/600 microns from Gadot Biochemical

setting accelerator: sodium carbonate: light sodium carbonate from Rhodia

Thickener: Welan gum and diutan: Kelcocrete CP from CP Kelco company: 2_- _M_O of operation:

* 2 kg of powder including binder, sands or oils, light loads, air-entraining admixture, additives are prepared and mixed 2 minutes on a Guedu laboratory mixer (model 4.5 NO) with a working capacity of 3.5 liters at a speed of between 545 and 610 rpm. * The 2Kg of powder obtained is mixed on a Perrier laboratory mixer: 4 minutes at a speed of 60 rpm.

: _3_- _. Measure, of _. properties _. : _.

* Thermal conductivity λ (W / mK): measured by the hot wire method on the CT-meter of TELEPH company used with a 8 cm long flat wire probe placed between two 14 cm x 16 cm x 4 cm prismatic specimens and a heating time of 180 seconds.

* Resistance in compression Rc in Mpa: measurement on a half prismatic test tube 4cm x 4cm x 16cm on Perrier press with manual adjustment of the rise in load following

NF EN 196-1.

* Density d of hardened product in Kg / L measured at 28 days.

Composition Table 1.1 (% by mass) Example 1

Composition Table 1.2 (% by mass) Example 2

Table 1.3 Composition (% by weight) Example 3

Table 2 Summary of test results Example 1 Example 2 Example3 Mixing rate (%) 65.4 59 60.8 d 28 days (Kg / L) 0.37 0.39 0.45 λ Watt / (m.K) ) 0.085 0.098 0.104

Rc (Mpa) 0.23 0.66 Conclusion on _. the _. tests _. :

The examples cited show that product densities of less than 0.5 are attained to target thermal conductivities of less than 0.1W / (m.K.).

B. Test of passage in the machine to project

: 1.-. Raw materials

a.1 hydraulic binder:

sulfoaluminous cement: CTS 25 from Belitex

Portland cement: CEM I 52.5 R CE CP2 NF (Saint Pierre Lacour) of Lafarge

white calcium aluminate: ternal white from Kerneos

micronized anhydrite: SMA micronized micronized anhydrite

aerial lime: chaubor CL90-S Lhoist b. PAREXLANKO foaming agent: c.1 sands and fillers:

calcium carbonate dmoyen 140μ: Mikhart 130 of the Provençal society

perlite: perlite 5mm plasterboard

expanded glass beads: poraver 2-4 from Dennert Poraver and poraver 0.25-0.5 from Dennert Poraver g. I adjuvants:

setting accelerator: sodium carbonate: light sodium carbonate from Rhodia

thickener: Welan gum and diutan: kelcocrete CP from CP Kelco : 2_- Operating Mo:

15 Kg of powder comprising the binder, the sands or oils, the air-entraining aid, the adjuvants are prepared and mixed for 2 minutes on a Lodige laboratory mixer. The light loads are weighed separately.

* The 15 Kg of powder obtained is mixed on a Turbomalt control System mixer. The mixing water is introduced beforehand into the tank. The powder is gradually incorporated. The mixing time is 4 minutes, the start of mixing being taken at the end of the introduction of the powder. The light loads are then introduced gradually.

The paste obtained is then transferred to a Mac Edil conveyor used with an independent compressor set at 6 bars, a pipe 5 m in diameter 25 mm, a decorative lance with a nozzle of 12 mm and projected. The product is characterized in the mixer tank and then lance outlet. : _3- Measurement _, properties _. : _.

* Resistance in compression Rc in Mpa: measurement on a half prismatic test tube 4cm x 4cm x 16cm on Perrier press with manual adjustment of the increase in load according to NF EN 196-1.

* Densities: - dd 28 days: density of the hardened product in Kg / L measured at 28 days.

- d _c tank: density of the dough in the mixer tank in Kg / L. - d _s i lance outlet: density of the recovered dough at the lance outlet after projection in Kg / L.

Composition Table 3.4 (% by mass) Example 4

generic description commercial reference% by weight Sulfoaluminous cement CTS 25 from Belitex 32.5 a.l Hydraulic binder CEM I 52.5 R CE CP2 NF

Portland cement (Saint Pierre Lacour) of 10.8

Lafarge

adjuvant

LANKOSTAB ^®

foaming 2.2 calcium carbonate

Mikhart 130 Provençal 18 dmoyen 140μ

cl sands and filler

calcium carbonate

Mikhart 80/800 Provençal 36.1 dmoyen 180μ

Cellulosic ether

water retainer modified M12 0.25 (30000 mPa.s)

e ".l Air Promoter Laurylsulfate Sodium Silipon 31HDH 0.17

TRISODIC CITRATE

f.l self-timer

Trisodium citrate DIHYDRATE FIN F6000 of 0.4 intake

Jungbuntzlauer

Composition Table 3.5 (% by mass) Example 5

Table 3.6 Composition (% by weight) Example 6

Table 4 summary of test results rate of

d _c tank d _s i output d _d 28 days

mixing Rc (Mpa) λ (W / (m.K.)

(Kg / L) lance (Kg / L) (Kg / L)

%

example 4 40 1.24 1.05 0.81 6.29 0.25 example 5 33 1.1 1.02 0.89 6 ND

Example 6 43 0.63 0.69 0.56 1.9 ND Conclusion on _. the _. tests _. :

The examples cited show that targeted densities are achieved through a projection process. There is good density stability between the mixer bowl and the lance outlet. The air bubble network withstands the shear and pressure stresses associated with the projection operation.

Example 7: ACOUSTIC COATING FOAM

: 1.-. Raw materials

(a.2) Hydraulic binder:

(a.2 i) Sulphoaluminous binder gypsed at 25% density 2.68 g / cm3, Blaine specific surface area 4000-5000 cm ² / g and D50 = 14 +/- 5 μιη.

(a.2 ii) Gray Cement Portland CEM 1 52.5 N CE CP2 NF

(b.2) LANKOSTAB ^® Foaming Adjuvant:

(c.2) granulate = structuring load:

(c.2 i) Dry washed siliceous sand PE2LS with a particle size less than 425 microns at 37.82% of the Fulchiron company in Maisse (91)

(d.2) adjuvants:

(d) Modified medium viscosity cellulose ether (30000 mPa) / Addilose M12 from the company AVEBE

(d ".1) Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Air Trainer: Silipon 31 HDH from Hercules Aqualon

(e.2 ii) Superplasticizer:

Anionic polycarboxylate with an apparent density of 0.4 - 0.5 Floset AD1 from SNF

(e.2 iii) Redispersible copolymer:

TMFF vinyl acetate and versatate base 6 ° C and density 0.5g / cm ³ Axilat PAV30 from Hexion Specialty Chemicals BV

(e.2 iv) Take Accelerators:

- Alumina powder of D50 10 to 20 μ and specific surface area BET 270 - 340 m2 / g content> = 93.5% Axilat SA 502 from Hexion Specialty Chemicals BV - Lithium carbonate with a minimum content of 99% apparent density 0.80 and

granulometry 66 μιη from the company RodaChem bv.

- CL90S type slaked lime with a Ca (OH) 2 content of> = 90%> and a bland surface area of 15000 - 20000 cm2 / g of the Lhoist company

(e.2 vi) Retarders:

- Trisodium citrate dihydrate food grade and pharmaceutical grade (in accordance with Ph Eur / E331 / USP / FCC) with particle size <100μ reference F6000 from Jungbuntzlauer

- Food grade and pharmaceutical grade sodium gluconate (USP / FCC compliant) from Jungbuntzlauer.

: 2_- _M_O of operation:

❖ For measurements of rheological and mechanical properties

• A premix of 2 kg consisting of adjuvants c; is prepared. After weighing, the compounds are mixed for 3 minutes in a Guedu laboratory blender (4.5NO model) with a capacity of 3.5 liters at a speed between 545 and 610 rpm. The mixture is then sieved successively in 3 sieves (315μιη, 250μιη and 160μιη of Saulas brand).

• 2 kg of powder comprising the binder (a), the structuring filler (b) the adjuvants (c; to c _v i) are prepared and mixed for 3 minutes in the same laboratory mixer Guedu.

• On the 2 kg prepared, 1 kg is mixed on a laboratory mixer Perrier: adding half of the mixing water, mixing for 10s at a speed of 60 rpm, then 4 minutes at a speed of 120 rpm / minute, adding the rest of the mixing water in 30 seconds at a speed of 60 rpm, finally, mixing for 30s at a speed of 120 rpm.

❖ For measurements of acoustic properties

• Two premixes of 3 kg each consisting of adjuvants c; is prepared.

After weighing, the compounds are mixed for 3 minutes in the Guedu laboratory mixer.

• Three batches of 100 kg of powder comprising the binder (a), the structuring filler (b) the adjuvants (c, to c _v i) are prepared and mixed for 90 seconds in an Eirich mixer at a frequency of 50 Hz. The useful volume of this mixer is 150 liters. The powder is bagged in 10 kg bags.

• A 10 kg bag is spoiled in a plastic bucket. Half of the water is introduced into the bucket, then the powder is poured. Blending is done with a Bosch GRW 11E blender for 10 seconds at a speed 390 rpm, then for 4 minutes at a speed of 900 rpm. The rest of the water is coated added for 30 seconds at 390 rpm, and finally, the mixture ends with 30 seconds at 900 rpm.

: 3_- Measurement, of _. properties _. : _.

^♦ ♦ ^♦ Spread E: measures the spread diameter on a glass plate of the floor coating with a CSTB ring (diameter 30 mm, height 50 mm). The realization of spreads are made at three deadlines: 5 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes after the start of the spoil. The test is carried out according to standard NF EN 12706.

^♦ ♦ ^♦ Gelation Tgel: consists in determining, on a fixed date, the ability of the product to recover after being sheared. The test is carried out with a smooth metal rod of diameter 6mm and length approx. 30cm. Using the rod, the spreading made during the previous test is sliced at maturity and it is observed whether the groove closes or not.

❖ Setting time: measured using an automatic Vicat pre-meter equipped with a 1 mm ² Vicat metal needle. The coating is poured into a PPH mold of frustoconical profile whose useful dimensions are: h = 40mm, DM = 80mm, D _SUp = 70mm. The measurement time interval is 15 minutes. This test determines the end of FP hold.

❖ Density paste _pat e measured using a densitometer Perrier 1 liter.

❖ Density of hardened hardened product measured at 24 hours.

^♦ ♦ ^♦ Flexural strength Rf in Mpa: measurement of the bending strength in 3 points on a 4cm * 4cm * 16cm prismatic test specimen on a Perrier type 41 press according to prEN 13892-2.

^♦ ♦ ^♦ Resistance in Rc compression in Mpa: measurement of the compressive strength on half prismatic test piece 4cm * 4cm * 16cm on a Perrier 41 press according to standard EN 13892-2.

^♦ ♦ ^♦ Improvement of shock attenuation (acoustic insulation) ALw: determined by the Scientific and Technical Center of the Building (CSTB) respecting the NF EN ISO 140-1, NF EN 20140-2, NF EN ISO 140-8 standards and NF EN ISO 140-6 supplemented by standard NF EN ISO 717/2 and related amendments. Composition Table 5 (% by mass) Example of Gypsum Sulphoaluminous Binding Formula

Sulphoaluminous binder (a.2 i) 24.41 to 85%

Portland cement (a.2 ii) CEM I 52.5 N 24.41

Structurizing load (c.2 i) Sand PE2LS 37.82

Foaming admixture (b.2 i) LANKOSTAB ® 1.50

Modified cellulosic ether

.2 water retainer (30000 mPa.s) 0.25 M 12 addilose

Sodium lauryl sulphate

d .2 air trainer 0,17

Silipon 31HDH

Floset Polycarboxylate

Superplasticizer (e.2 ii) 1.00

AD1

Redispersible Copolymer (e.2 iii) Axilat PAV 30 10.00

Axilat SA 502 0.30

Take Accelerator (e.2 iv)

Lithium carbonate 0.05

Slaked lime 0.08

Trisodium citrate 0.33

Retarder (e.2 vi)

Sodium gluconate 0.10

Table 6 summary of test results

As a comparison, a negative control prepared from the commercial formulation of floor coating LANKO ^® 190 SOL EXTREM gives an attenuation to the sound of shock (acoustic insulation) ALw = 4dB

EXAMPLE 8: FIRE-STARTING MORTAR MOSS

: 1.-. Raw materials (a.3): hydraulic binder

(a.3 i): sulphoaluminous binder gypsed at 25% density 2.65 g / cm ³ surface Blaine 4000 - 5000 cm ² / g

(a.3 ii): Portland cement with a density of 3.2 g / cm ³ and a Blaine surface area of 4300 cm ² / g (a.3 iii): calcareous filler based on natural calcium carbonate with a mean diameter of 8μιη

(b.3) LANKOSTAB ^® Foaming Adjuvant

(c.3): refractory charges and lightening:

(c.3 i): chamotte (refractory) of density 1.5 to 1.65 g / cm ³

EFG chameleon from Alpha Aggregates Limited

(c.3 ii): perlite 10 (lightening and refractory) of EFISOL (c.3 iii): Exfoliated vermiculite with a specific density of 2.2 to 2.5 g / cm ³ and a particle size of 0.5 to 1.4 mm

Vermex SF from EFISOL (lightening) d.3 adjuvants:

(d ".1) Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Air Trainer: Silipon 31 HDH from Hercules Aqualon

(e.3): Adjuvants

(e.3 i): thickener:

Amorphous silicic acid with a density of 3.3 to 3.6 g / cm ³ and a BET surface area of 18 to 22 m ² / g

RW Fuller silica fume from RW Silicium GmbH

(e.3 ii): water repellent

Magnesium stearate

-2 - Operating Mo:

Under laboratory conditions;

* The powder comprising the hydraulic binders (a), the LANKOSTAB®, the adjuvants (c) are prepared and mixed for 3 minutes on a Guedu laboratory mixer (model 4.5 NO) with a working capacity of 3.5 liters at a speed of between 545 and 610 rpm.

Perlite and vermex are added in a second time, and everything is homogenized manually. This not to refine the granulometry of the perlite.

* The 4 Kgs of powder obtained are mixed on a Perrier laboratory mixer: 30 seconds at a speed of 60 rpm then again for 30 seconds at a speed of 60 rpm.

Industrial_projects _;

* The powder comprising the hydraulic binders (a), the chamotte, the adjuvants (d.3) and (e.3) are prepared and mixed 90 seconds at high speed (rotation frequency: 50 Hz). Perlite and vermex are added in a second time in the mixer, and all is mixed again at very low speed (rotation frequency: 20 Hz) for 25 seconds. This not to refine the granulometry of the perlite. * 4 kg of powder are collected and mixed on Perrier laboratory blender: 30 seconds at a speed of 60 rpm and again for 30 seconds at a speed of 60 rpm. Tempered product on _yard _ _: _

The product is applied by projection machine type projection machine for plastering. The powder is poured into a mixing tank and the defined amount of water is introduced. A paste is homogenized for five minutes at slow speed.

Then the contents are transferred to a second tank where the product is pushed by a worm into previously greased hoses. Under pressure the product is moved along the pipes and is projected by a spear on the wall to be applied.

: 3_- Measurement, of _. properties _. : _.

* Flexural strength Rf in Mpa: bending measurement 3 points on prismatic test pieces 4cm x 4cm x 16cm on Perrier type 41 press according to NF EN 196-1.

* Density of the hardened product in Kg / L measured at 28 days.

* Density paste in Kg / L measured from the end of the batch.

Composition Table 7 (% by mass)

Performance results (Table 8):

Claims

Foaming admixture, in particular for plaster, mortar or concrete, characterized in that it comprises:

Adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one modified starch A.1 corresponding to the definition given in claim 1 in A. and at least one other modified starch A.2, different from A. 1, and also meeting the definition given in claim 1 in A., the viscosity of A. 1 being lower than that of A.2 and the DS of A. 1 being greater than that of A.2.

Adjuvant according to claim 2, characterized in that for 100 parts by weight of A, there is 40 to 50 parts by weight of A.1 and 60 to 50 parts by weight of A.2.

Adjuvant according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises, preferably as it is, a product marketed by the company

PAREXLANKO under the name LANKOSTAB ^® .

5. Dry composition for the preparation of a mineral foam coating, mortar or concrete characterized in that it comprises:

b. at least one foaming adjunct according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, c. optionally at least one granulate,

d. possibly at least one light load, e. at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b), preferably at least one water retainer (e ') selected from the group consisting of: celluloses, modified celluloses - preferably cellulosic ethers -, starches, modified starches, preferably starch ethers, gums and mixtures thereof, and a viscosity of between 10,000 and 50,000 mPa.s, preferably between 20,000 and 40,000 mPa.s, and more preferably order of 30,000 mPa.s;

6. A method for preparing a mineral foam coating, mortar or concrete from the dry composition according to claim 5, characterized in that it consists essentially of mixing water with the dry composition according to claim 5 for producing a plaster, mortar or wet concrete in which the air is trapped durably by means of the foaming adjuvant (b.).

7. Dry composition according to claim 5 for the preparation of a mineral coating foam, characterized in that it comprises:

at. at least one mineral hydraulic binder (cement) and optionally at least one organic binder, preferably a mineral hydraulic binder selected from the group of Portland cements, aerial or hydraulic lime, aluminous cements (sulfo-aluminous cements and cements with base of calcium aluminates), calcium sulphates and mixtures thereof,

b. at least one foaming adjunct according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, at least one granulate preferably selected from the group consisting of sands, siliceous iron, limestone, silico-limestone, rubber granules, and their mixtures,

at least one light filler preferably selected from the group consisting of the following products: vermiculite, perlite, expanded glass beads, expanded polystyrene beads, expanded polymer beads, cork granulates, hemp granules, expanded rhyolite, hollow spheres of alumina silicate, aggregates or powder of silica aerogels and mixtures thereof,

and at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b1), as defined in the adjuvant (e) in claim 5, an adjuvant which is different from the adjuvant (b.1) and which may be a thickener, a water repellent, a set retarder, a setting accelerator, fibers or mixtures of these products. 8. A projectable wet plaster mineral foam comprising the composition of claim 7 and water whose content is expressed by a mixing ratio, that is to say a ratio of the mass of water introduced on the mass of dry matter, which is the following, in increasing order of preference and in percentage by weight: [10-300]; [15-200]; [20-100]

9. Application by projection on a building surface, preferably a wall and more particularly a monomur type support wall brick or cellular concrete, mineral foam plaster according to claim 8. 10. Coating obtained by the Application according to Claim 9, characterized in that it has at least one of the following properties:

♦ thermal conductivity λ less than or equal to 0.08 W m ^ K ^-1 and preferably less than 0.065 W m ^-1 ,

♦ density dd less than or equal to 1, preferably 0.5,

♦ water retention greater than or equal to 80%, preferably 90%, and

Dry composition according to claim 5 for the preparation of an acoustic coating foam characterized in that it comprises:

at least one mineral hydraulic binder and optionally at least one organic binder, preferably a mineral hydraulic binder selected from the group of Portland cements, aerial or hydraulic lime, aluminous cements, calcium sulphates and mixtures thereof,

at least one foaming adjunct according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, at least one granulate preferably selected from the group consisting of sands, siliceous oils, limestones, silico-limestones, rubber granulates, and their mixtures,

at least one adjuvant other than the adjuvant (b.2), as defined in the adjuvant (e.) in claim 5,

at least one adjuvant which is different from the adjuvant (b.2) and which may be a superplasticizer, an agent improving the water resistance the mechanical resistance and durability, a set retarder, a setting accelerator, or mixtures of these products.

12. Spreadable wet acoustic mineral coating foam comprising the composition according to Claim 11 and water, the content of which is expressed by a mixing ratio, that is to say a ratio of the mass of water introduced on the mass of dry matter, which is the following, in increasing order of preference and in percentage by weight:

[10-300]; [15-200]; [20-100]. Spreading application on a building surface, preferably a floor of the plaster mineral foam according to claim 12.

14. Coating obtained by the application according to claim 13, characterized in that it has at least one of the following properties:

♦ density dd less than or equal to 2, preferably 1.5,

♦ sound attenuation (acoustic insulation) ALw> 4, preferably> 6.

Dry composition according to Claim 5 for the preparation of a fire-resistant mortar foam, characterized in that it comprises:

at least one foaming adjunct according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, at least one refractory and lightening filler preferably selected from the group consisting of chamottes, perlites, vermiculites and mixtures thereof, at least one adjuvant different from the adjuvant (b.3), as defined in the adjuvant (e.) in claim 5,

an adjuvant which is different from the adjuvant (b.3) and which may be a thickener, a water repellent and a mixture of these products.

16. A projectable wet plaster mineral foam comprising the composition of claim 15 and water, the content of which is expressed by a mixing ratio, that is to say a ratio of the mass of water introduced on the mass of dry matter, which is the following, in increasing order of preference and in percentage by weight: [10-300]; [15- 200]; [20-100].

17. Application by projection on a building surface, preferably a wall and more particularly a wall of monomur support type brick or cellular concrete, mineral foam plaster according to claim 16.

18. fire-resistant coating obtained by the application according to claim 17, characterized in that it has a density dd less than or equal to 2, preferably 1.5.

19. Construction or civil engineering work obtained from a plaster, mortar or concrete mineral foam obtained by the process according to claim 6, or from a composition for the preparation of a mineral foam plaster according to one of claims 7, 11 and 15.