EP2518814B1 - Lithium-ion battery for an industrial truck - Google Patents

Lithium-ion battery for an industrial truck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2518814B1
EP2518814B1 EP12002921.0A EP12002921A EP2518814B1 EP 2518814 B1 EP2518814 B1 EP 2518814B1 EP 12002921 A EP12002921 A EP 12002921A EP 2518814 B1 EP2518814 B1 EP 2518814B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
circuit board
battery cells
printed circuit
press
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Active
Application number
EP12002921.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2518814A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Opitz
Stephan Taube
Dietrich Vahldiek
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Jungheinrich AG
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Jungheinrich AG
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lithium-ion battery for a truck.
  • Lithium-ion batteries also known as lithium-ion batteries, are lithium-based batteries. Due to their high energy density, lithium-ion batteries are particularly suitable for use in industrial trucks. For the use of lithium-ion batteries in industrial trucks, in particular for industrial trucks without suspension, special requirements are placed on the mechanical stability of a lithium-ion battery. In addition, lithium-ion batteries expand in their state of charge, resulting in a game compared to normal driving. Vibration can thus lead to vibrations that may lead to the tearing of electrical contacts within the battery.
  • the lithium-ion battery consists of several battery cells that are grouped into one or more stacks. Furthermore, it is known to provide a battery management system in a lithium-ion battery, which is electrically conductively connected to the battery cells.
  • a board has become known with a circuit for monitoring a multi-cell accumulator battery.
  • the individual cells are connected in series and are electronically monitored individually by measuring the cell voltage and the pole connection temperature.
  • the electronics for voltage and temperature measurement and switchable parallel resistors for carrying out a charge equalization is accommodated on two boards.
  • heat conduction paths depart from the pole connection contacts of the printed circuit board and are connected to a temperature sensor integrated into the circuit.
  • a module for covering an electrochemical battery cell in which a first plate and a second plate are provided, wherein a tap of the battery cell voltage and the temperature is carried on the second plate and is passed via plug contacts to the other plate.
  • connection washer for a battery unit which allows a temperature monitoring on the circuit board.
  • temperature sensors on the circuit board and the connection washer are contacted via copper contacts.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lithium-ion battery, which is suitable for use in a truck.
  • the inventive lithium-ion battery for an industrial truck has a plurality of battery cells, which are combined to one or more stacks. Depending on the voltage used for the lithium-ion battery, the battery cells are connected in series or in parallel with their defined output voltage. Further, the lithium-ion battery for the truck has a battery management system, which is conductively connected to the battery cells. According to the invention, the battery management system is arranged on a printed circuit board which has a temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the battery cells. The temperature measurement can be for each cell individually or for all cells in a stack of Battery cells take place.
  • the inventive design of the lithium-ion battery is based on the finding that a temperature measurement on the printed circuit board for the battery management system makes it possible to measure the temperature in the region of the electrical connections of the battery cells. Although the temperature measured in this way can deviate from the temperatures in the center of the battery cells or in remote edge regions, it is sufficient for monitoring the charging or discharging process of the battery cells to arrange the temperature sensor on the printed circuit board and thus determine the temperature of one or more battery cells in the battery Range of electrical connections to measure.
  • the printed circuit board has press-fit sleeves, via which the printed circuit board is mechanically connected to a frame carrying the battery cells. Depending on the structure of the battery cells, they can be connected directly to the printed circuit board via the press-fit sleeves. Often, bag-shaped containers are selected for the battery cells, so that they are held in a frame, which is connected via the press-fit sleeves with the printed circuit board of the battery management system.
  • each press-fit sleeve is in thermal contact with one or more battery cells in order to detect the temperature of the battery cell by means of a temperature sensor arranged on the printed circuit board.
  • the press-fit sleeve thus serves as a thermal bridge between the battery cell and the temperature sensor arranged on the printed circuit board.
  • the arrangement of the temperature sensor on the printed circuit board simplifies the construction of the lithium-ion battery and prevents the battery cells come into direct contact with the temperature sensor.
  • the arrangement of the press-fit sleeve is based on the knowledge that a detected temperature of the battery cells near the electrical connections and thus close to the printed circuit board is sufficient to monitor the temperature of the lithium-ion battery.
  • each of the press-fit sleeves has a barrel-shaped body which is arranged with a projection in a bore in the printed circuit board.
  • the press-fit sleeve is connected to the printed circuit board via a fastening means.
  • the attachment means may, for example, be passed through the hole in the circuit board to hold the Einspresshülse on the circuit board.
  • the press-in sleeve is in electrical contact with one or more battery cells in order to measure the voltage of the battery or of the battery cells.
  • the press-fit sleeve also serves to monitor the voltage of the battery cells.
  • the housing half 12 is made in one piece from a plastic material and has handles 14 and 16 on two sides. not shown) for connecting the battery to the truck or a charger may be provided.
  • the shell 18 may be formed integrally with the housing half 12, or be attached as a separate component in the housing half 12.
  • the shell 18 has passage openings 20 for lines, consisting of power and data connection.
  • a substantially rectangular support 22 is arranged, which has two mutually parallel support plates 23, which are connected to each other via screws 24. Between the support plates 23 frame 26 are arranged parallel to each other, wherein the screws 24 are guided by the frame 26 in their corner regions.
  • the frames 26 each hold the battery cells, which are sometimes referred to as cell chemistry.
  • each four frames 26 are arranged one above the other flat over a stack and arranged two of these stacks on a flat side next to each other. In the area in which the juxtaposed frame collide with the stacks, these are connected by screws 25 to the support plate 23.
  • the battery cells are held in the frame 26, respectively, so that the terminals for the battery cells 28 protrude from the frame 26.
  • the battery cells consist of bags that are held along its circumference in the frame 26, wherein the electrical connections 28 to the battery cells project out of the frame 26 and are folded over.
  • Fig. 2 shows the carrier 22 with the carrier plate 23 and the printed circuit board 30 in an exploded view.
  • the circuit board 30 has a substantially rectangular shape and can be connected via screws 34 and press-fit sleeves 32 with the frame 26 for the battery cells.
  • the battery management system for the battery is arranged, for the sake of clarity, only a ferrite ring 36 is shown, which measures via a Hall sensor, the current flowing through the terminal 38 stream.
  • the connection forms the plus pole of the cells.
  • the current of the second stack of frames 26 is conducted via terminal 40 as a negative pole.
  • the connection between the individual stacks can be done by flexible fabric lines (not shown) or via a connection bracket.
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail view of the terminal 38, which extends through a ferrite ring 36 therethrough. It can be clearly seen that the housing of the ferrite ring 36 via latching projections 44 which engage behind the printed circuit board 30, is fixed thereto. Furthermore, in the illustration Fig. 3 to recognize that the frame 26, in which the battery cells are held, has a recess 46 in which the barrel-shaped body of the press-in sleeve 32 rests on an upper terminal region 42 of the battery cell. As a result, thermal contact is established between the battery cell in its upper region 42 with the printed circuit board 30, so that temperature monitoring can take place on the printed circuit board 30.
  • a temperature sensor which detects the amount of heat absorbed by the press-in sleeve 32 via the printed circuit board 30, is arranged spatially close to the press-fit sleeve on the printed circuit board 30.
  • a connector 47 for data lines is also shown on the circuit board.
  • Fig. 4 shows the attachment of the press-in sleeve 32 in detail.
  • the sleeve 32 has a barrel-shaped body 49, to which a circumferential projection 48 connects.
  • the projection 48 has a height which corresponds approximately to the thickness of the printed circuit board 30.
  • the screw 36 is guided, which rests with its screw head 50 via a washer 51 on the circuit board 30.
  • the screw 36 has a screw shaft 52 which is bolted in a brass sleeve.
  • the brass sleeve is not shown and is inserted into the footwell 53 for the screw.
  • the brass sleeve has an internal thread for the screw shaft 52.
  • the screw shaft 52 extends through a pressure strip 42 for an angled arrester 54 of the battery cell.
  • the arrester 54 forms a pole of the battery cell.
  • the arrester 54 is in surface contact with the pressure strip 42, so that a heat transfer via the Andrückmann 42 and the body 49 of the press-fit to the circuit board 30 takes place.
  • the body 49 of the press-in sleeve 32 is in close contact with the pressure bar 42 of the battery cell.
  • the press-in sleeve 32 and the pressure bar 42 are made of metal.
  • the battery cells are monitored by a battery management system.
  • the printed circuit board 30 has approximately the dimensions of the side of the stack or stacks on which the terminal lugs of the battery cells are located.
  • the printed circuit board is provided with press-fit sleeves 32. These are used for mechanical attachment of the printed circuit board and for the production of electrical and thermal contact between battery cells and electronics. Hereby the voltages are measured, the charge balance takes place and the temperatures of the battery cells are measured at the press-fit sleeves.
  • Temperature sensors are arranged on the printed circuit board near the press-fit sleeves. The temperature sensors measure the temperature the individual cells, it is also possible to detect the temperature of a stack or the entire battery. The current measurement takes place by means of shunt or, as shown in the embodiment, by a Hall sensor with a magnetic ring.
  • the electromechanical components such as the carrier 22, are mounted in the housing shells 12.
  • the two housing halves are put together and can be glued or vibration welded.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie für ein Flurförderzeug.The present invention relates to a lithium-ion battery for a truck.

Lithium-Ionen-Batterien, die auch als Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulatoren bezeichnet werden, sind Akkumulatoren, die auf der Basis von Lithium arbeiten. Lithium-Ionen-Batterien sind aufgrund ihrer großen Energiedichte besonders für den Einsatz in Flurförderzeugen geeignet. Für den Einsatz von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien in Flurförderzeugen, insbesondere bei Flurförderzeugen ohne Federung, werden besondere Anforderungen an die mechanische Stabilität einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie gestellt. Hinzu kommt, dass Lithium-Ionen-Batterien sich in ihrem Ladezustand ausdehnen, wodurch es zu einem Spiel gegenüber dem normalen Fahrbetrieb kommt. Erschütterungen können somit zu Schwingungen führen, die möglicherweise zum Abreißen von elektrischen Kontakten innerhalb der Batterie führen. Die Lithium-Ionen-Batterie besteht aus mehreren Batteriezellen, die zu einem oder mehreren Stacks zusammengefasst sind. Ferner ist bekannt, in einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie ein Batteriemanagementsystem vorzusehen, das elektrisch leitend mit den Batteriezellen verbunden ist.Lithium-ion batteries, also known as lithium-ion batteries, are lithium-based batteries. Due to their high energy density, lithium-ion batteries are particularly suitable for use in industrial trucks. For the use of lithium-ion batteries in industrial trucks, in particular for industrial trucks without suspension, special requirements are placed on the mechanical stability of a lithium-ion battery. In addition, lithium-ion batteries expand in their state of charge, resulting in a game compared to normal driving. Vibration can thus lead to vibrations that may lead to the tearing of electrical contacts within the battery. The lithium-ion battery consists of several battery cells that are grouped into one or more stacks. Furthermore, it is known to provide a battery management system in a lithium-ion battery, which is electrically conductively connected to the battery cells.

Aus DE 198 10 746 A1 ist eine Platine mit einer Schaltung zur Überwachung einer mehrzelligen Akkumulatorbatterie bekannt geworden. Die einzelnen Zellen sind in Serie verschaltet und werden einzeln elektronisch überwacht, indem jeweils die Zellspannung und die Polanschlusstemperatur gemessen werden. Dabei ist die Elektronik zur Spannungs- und Temperaturmessung sowie zuschaltbare parallele Widerstände zur Durchführung eines Ladungsausgleichs auf zwei Platinen untergebracht. Für die Temperaturmessung gehen von den Polanschlusskontakten der Platine Wärmeleitstrecken ab, die mit einem in die Schaltung integrierten Temperatursensor verbunden sind.Out DE 198 10 746 A1 a board has become known with a circuit for monitoring a multi-cell accumulator battery. The individual cells are connected in series and are electronically monitored individually by measuring the cell voltage and the pole connection temperature. The electronics for voltage and temperature measurement and switchable parallel resistors for carrying out a charge equalization is accommodated on two boards. For the temperature measurement, heat conduction paths depart from the pole connection contacts of the printed circuit board and are connected to a temperature sensor integrated into the circuit.

Aus DE 20 2009 015 040 U1 ist ein Modul zur Abdeckung einer elektrochemischen Batteriezelle bekannt geworden, bei dem eine erste Platte und eine zweite Platte vorgesehen sind, wobei ein Abgriff der Batteriezellenspannung und der Temperatur auf der zweiten Platte erfolgt und über Steckkontakte zu der anderen Platte geleitet wird.Out DE 20 2009 015 040 U1 a module for covering an electrochemical battery cell is known, in which a first plate and a second plate are provided, wherein a tap of the battery cell voltage and the temperature is carried on the second plate and is passed via plug contacts to the other plate.

Aus DE 10 2009 036 086 A1 ist eine Überwachungselektronik für Batterien bekannt geworden, bei der die Zellüberwachungsschaltkreise auf einer flexiblen Platine angeordnet sind.Out DE 10 2009 036 086 A1 a monitoring electronics for batteries has become known, in which the cell monitoring circuits are arranged on a flexible board.

Aus US 2010/0062329 A1 ist eine Verbindungsunterlegscheibe für eine Batterieeinheit bekannt, die eine Temperaturüberwachung auf der Leiterkarte ermöglicht. Hierzu werden Temperatursensoren auf der Leiterkarte und die Verbindungsunterlegscheibe über Kupferkontakte kontaktiert.Out US 2010/0062329 A1 a connection washer for a battery unit is known, which allows a temperature monitoring on the circuit board. For this purpose, temperature sensors on the circuit board and the connection washer are contacted via copper contacts.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie zu schaffen, die für den Einsatz in einem Flurförderzeug geeignet ist.The invention has for its object to provide a lithium-ion battery, which is suitable for use in a truck.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie mit den Merkmalen aus Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen bilden den Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.According to the invention the object is achieved by a lithium-ion battery having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments form the subject of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lithium-Ionen-Batterie für ein Flurförderzeug weist mehrere Batteriezellen auf, die zu einem oder mehreren Stacks zusammengefasst sind. Je nach verwendeter Spannung für die Lithium-Ionen-Batterie sind die Batteriezellen mit ihrer definierten Ausgangsspannung in Reihe oder parallel geschaltet. Ferner besitzt die Lithium-Ionen-Batterie für das Flurförderzeug ein Batteriemanagementsystem, das leitend mit den Batteriezellen verbunden ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Batteriemanagementsystem auf einer Leiterkarte angeordnet, die einen Temperatursensor aufweist, der die Temperatur der Batteriezellen erfasst. Die Temperaturmessung kann für jede Zellen einzeln oder für sämtliche Zellen in einem Stack der Batteriezellen erfolgen. Dem erfindungsgemäße Aufbau der Lithium-Ionen-Batterie liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass eine Temperaturmessung auf der Leiterkarte für das Batteriemanagementsystem die Möglichkeit schafft, die Temperatur im Bereich der elektrischen Anschlüsse der Batteriezellen zu messen. Die so gemessene Temperatur kann zwar von den Temperaturen im Zentrum der Batteriezellen oder in entfernt liegenden Randbereichen abweichen, für die Überwachung des Lade- oder Entladevorganges der Batteriezellen ist es aber ausreichend, den Temperatursensor auf der Leiterkarte anzuordnen und so die Temperatur einer oder mehrerer Batteriezellen im Bereich der elektrischen Anschlüsse zu messen.The inventive lithium-ion battery for an industrial truck has a plurality of battery cells, which are combined to one or more stacks. Depending on the voltage used for the lithium-ion battery, the battery cells are connected in series or in parallel with their defined output voltage. Further, the lithium-ion battery for the truck has a battery management system, which is conductively connected to the battery cells. According to the invention, the battery management system is arranged on a printed circuit board which has a temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the battery cells. The temperature measurement can be for each cell individually or for all cells in a stack of Battery cells take place. The inventive design of the lithium-ion battery is based on the finding that a temperature measurement on the printed circuit board for the battery management system makes it possible to measure the temperature in the region of the electrical connections of the battery cells. Although the temperature measured in this way can deviate from the temperatures in the center of the battery cells or in remote edge regions, it is sufficient for monitoring the charging or discharging process of the battery cells to arrange the temperature sensor on the printed circuit board and thus determine the temperature of one or more battery cells in the battery Range of electrical connections to measure.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die Leiterkarte Einpresshülsen auf, über die die Leiterkarte mechanisch mit einem die Batteriezellen tragenden Rahmen verbunden ist. Je nach Aufbau der Batteriezellen können diese über die Einpresshülsen direkt mit der Leiterkarte verbunden werden. Häufig werden für die Batteriezellen beutelförmige Behälter gewählt, so dass diese in einem Rahmen gehalten werden, der über die Einpresshülsen mit der Leiterkarte des Batteriemanagementsystems verbunden ist.According to the invention, the printed circuit board has press-fit sleeves, via which the printed circuit board is mechanically connected to a frame carrying the battery cells. Depending on the structure of the battery cells, they can be connected directly to the printed circuit board via the press-fit sleeves. Often, bag-shaped containers are selected for the battery cells, so that they are held in a frame, which is connected via the press-fit sleeves with the printed circuit board of the battery management system.

Erfindungsgemäß ist jede Einpresshülse in thermischem Kontakt mit einer oder mehreren Batteriezellen, um durch einen auf der Leiterkarte angeordneten Temperatursensor die Temperatur der Batteriezelle zu erfassen. Die Einpresshülse dient damit als thermische Brücke zwischen der Batteriezelle und dem auf der Leiterkarte angeordneten Temperatursensor. Die Anordnung des Temperatursensors auf der Leiterkarte vereinfacht den Aufbau der Lithium-Ionen-Batterie und verhindert, dass die Batteriezellen direkt in Kontakt mit dem Temperatursensor gelangen. Zudem liegt der Anordnung der Einpresshülse die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass eine erfasste Temperatur der Batteriezellen nahe den elektrischen Anschlüssen und somit nahe der Leiterkarte ausreichend ist, um die Temperatur der Lithium-Ionen-Batterie zu überwachen.According to the invention, each press-fit sleeve is in thermal contact with one or more battery cells in order to detect the temperature of the battery cell by means of a temperature sensor arranged on the printed circuit board. The press-fit sleeve thus serves as a thermal bridge between the battery cell and the temperature sensor arranged on the printed circuit board. The arrangement of the temperature sensor on the printed circuit board simplifies the construction of the lithium-ion battery and prevents the battery cells come into direct contact with the temperature sensor. In addition, the arrangement of the press-fit sleeve is based on the knowledge that a detected temperature of the battery cells near the electrical connections and thus close to the printed circuit board is sufficient to monitor the temperature of the lithium-ion battery.

Erfindungsgemäß weist jede der Einpresshülsen einen tonnenförmigen Körper auf, der mit einem Vorsprung in einer Bohrung in der Leiterkarte angeordnet ist. Durch die Anordnung der Einpresshülsen an der Leiterkarte und insbesondere durch das Hineinragen eines Vorsprungs der Einpresshülse in die entsprechende Bohrung in der Leiterkarte wird eine stabile Verbindung zwischen Einpresshülse und Leiterkarte hergestellt.According to the invention, each of the press-fit sleeves has a barrel-shaped body which is arranged with a projection in a bore in the printed circuit board. The arrangement of the press-fit sleeves on the printed circuit board and in particular by the projecting of a projection of the press-fit into the corresponding hole in the printed circuit board, a stable connection between the press-fit and printed circuit board is made.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung wird die Einpresshülse über ein Befestigungsmittel mit der Leiterkarte verbunden. Das Befestigungsmittel kann beispielsweise durch die Bohrung in der Leiterkarte hindurchgeführt sein, um die Einspresshülse an der Leiterkarte zu halten.In a preferred development, the press-fit sleeve is connected to the printed circuit board via a fastening means. The attachment means may, for example, be passed through the hole in the circuit board to hold the Einspresshülse on the circuit board.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung steht die Einpresshülse in elektrischem Kontakt mit einer oder mehreren Batteriezellen, um die Spannung der Batterie bzw. der Batteriezellen zu messen. Neben der Temperaturüberwachung dient die Einpresshülse also auch dazu, die Spannung der Batteriezellen zu überwachen.In a preferred development, the press-in sleeve is in electrical contact with one or more battery cells in order to measure the voltage of the battery or of the battery cells. In addition to temperature monitoring, the press-fit sleeve also serves to monitor the voltage of the battery cells.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Lithium-Ionen-Batterie wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben.A preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery according to the invention will be described in more detail below.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
die erfindungsgemäße Lithium-Ionen-Batterie für ein Flurförderzeug mit einer abgenommenen Gehäuseschale,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht auf eine an einem Rahmen für zwei parallele Stacks angeordnete Leiterkarte,
Fig. 3
eine Detailansicht der Leiterkarte aus Fig. 2 und
Fig. 4
eine Schnittansicht der Befestigung der Leiterkarte an einem Rahmen für die Stacks der Batteriezellen.
It shows:
Fig. 1
the inventive lithium-ion battery for a truck with a removed housing shell,
Fig. 2
a view of a circuit board arranged on a frame for two parallel stacks,
Fig. 3
a detailed view of the circuit board Fig. 2 and
Fig. 4
a sectional view of the attachment of the circuit board to a frame for the stacks of the battery cells.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Lithium-Ionen-Batterie 10 mit einer Gehäusehälfte 12. Die Gehäusehälfte 12 ist einstückig aus einem Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt und besitzt an zwei Seiten Griffe 14 und 16. Ferner ist in der Gehäusehälfte 12 eine Schale 18 vorgesehen, die für eine elektrische Steckverbindung (nicht dargestellt) zum Anschluss der Batterie an das Flurförderzeug oder ein Ladegerät vorgesehen sein kann. Die Schale 18 kann einstückig mit der Gehäusehälfte 12 ausgebildet sein, oder als separates Bauteil in der Gehäusehälfte 12 befestigt sein. Die Schale 18 besitzt Durchgangsöffnungen 20 für Leitungen, bestehend aus Leistungs- und Datenanschluss. Fig. 1 The housing half 12 is made in one piece from a plastic material and has handles 14 and 16 on two sides. not shown) for connecting the battery to the truck or a charger may be provided. The shell 18 may be formed integrally with the housing half 12, or be attached as a separate component in the housing half 12. The shell 18 has passage openings 20 for lines, consisting of power and data connection.

In der Gehäusehälfte 12 ist ein im Wesentlichen rechteckiger Träger 22 angeordnet, der zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Trägerplatten 23 besitzt, die über Schrauben 24 miteinander verbunden sind. Zwischen den Trägerplatten 23 sind parallel zueinander Rahmen 26 angeordnet, wobei die Schrauben 24 durch die Rahmen 26 in ihren Eckbereichen geführt sind. Die Rahmen 26 halten jeweils die Batteriezellen, die gelegentlich auch als Zellchemie bezeichnet werden. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 1 sind jeweils vier Rahmen 26 flächig übereinander zu einem Stapel angeordnet und zwei dieser Stapel an einer Flachseite nebeneinander angeordnet. In dem Bereich, in dem die nebeneinander angeordneten Rahmen mit den Stapeln zusammenstoßen, sind diese über Schrauben 25 mit der Trägerplatte 23 verbunden. Die Batteriezellen werden in dem Rahmen 26 jeweils so gehalten, dass die Anschlüsse für die Batteriezellen 28 aus dem Rahmen 26 vorstehen. In an sich bekannter Weise bestehen die Batteriezellen aus Beuteln, die entlang ihrem Umfang in dem Rahmen 26 gehalten werden, wobei die elektrischen Anschlüsse 28 zu den Batteriezellen aus dem Rahmen 26 vorstehen und umgeklappt sind.In the housing half 12, a substantially rectangular support 22 is arranged, which has two mutually parallel support plates 23, which are connected to each other via screws 24. Between the support plates 23 frame 26 are arranged parallel to each other, wherein the screws 24 are guided by the frame 26 in their corner regions. The frames 26 each hold the battery cells, which are sometimes referred to as cell chemistry. In the illustrated embodiment Fig. 1 each four frames 26 are arranged one above the other flat over a stack and arranged two of these stacks on a flat side next to each other. In the area in which the juxtaposed frame collide with the stacks, these are connected by screws 25 to the support plate 23. The battery cells are held in the frame 26, respectively, so that the terminals for the battery cells 28 protrude from the frame 26. In known manner, the battery cells consist of bags that are held along its circumference in the frame 26, wherein the electrical connections 28 to the battery cells project out of the frame 26 and are folded over.

Fig. 2 zeigt den Träger 22 mit der Trägerplatte 23 und die Leiterkarte 30 in einer auseinandergezogenen Darstellung. Die Leiterkarte 30 besitzt eine im Wesentlichen rechteckige Form und kann über Schrauben 34 und Einpresshülsen 32 mit den Rahmen 26 für die Batteriezellen verbunden werden. Auf der Leiterkarte 30 ist das Batteriemanagementsystem für die Batterie angeordnet, wobei zur besseren Übersicht lediglich ein Ferritring 36 dargestellt ist, der über eine Hall-Sensorik den über den Anschluss 38 fließenden Strom misst. Der Anschluss bildet den Plus-Pol der Zellen. Der Strom des zweiten Stapels von Rahmen 26 wird über den Anschluss 40 als Minus-Pol geleitet. Die Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Stapeln kann durch flexible Gewebeleitungen (nicht dargestellt) oder über einen Verbindungsbügel erfolgen. Fig. 2 shows the carrier 22 with the carrier plate 23 and the printed circuit board 30 in an exploded view. The circuit board 30 has a substantially rectangular shape and can be connected via screws 34 and press-fit sleeves 32 with the frame 26 for the battery cells. On the circuit board 30, the battery management system for the battery is arranged, for the sake of clarity, only a ferrite ring 36 is shown, which measures via a Hall sensor, the current flowing through the terminal 38 stream. The connection forms the plus pole of the cells. The current of the second stack of frames 26 is conducted via terminal 40 as a negative pole. The connection between the individual stacks can be done by flexible fabric lines (not shown) or via a connection bracket.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Detailansicht für den Anschluss 38, der sich durch einen Ferritring 36 hindurcherstreckt. Deutlich zu erkennen ist, dass das Gehäuse des Ferritrings 36 über Rastvorsprünge 44, die die Leiterkarte 30 hintergreifen, an dieser befestigt ist. Ferner ist in der Darstellung aus Fig. 3 zu erkennen, dass der Rahmen 26, in dem die Batteriezellen gehalten sind, eine Vertiefung 46 besitzt, in der der tonnenförmige Körper der Einpresshülse 32 auf einem oberen Anschlussbereich 42 der Batteriezelle aufliegt. Hierdurch wird ein thermischer Kontakt zwischen der Batteriezelle in ihrem oberen Bereich 42 mit der Leiterkarte 30 hergestellt, so dass eine Temperaturüberwachung auf der Leiterkarte 30 erfolgen kann. Ein Temperatursensor, der die von der Einpresshülse 32 aufgenommene Wärmemenge über die Leiterkarte 30 erfasst, ist räumlich nahe zu der Einpresshülse auf der Leiterkarte 30 angeordnet. Ein Stecker 47 für Datenleitungen ist ebenfalls auf der Leiterkarte dargestellt. Fig. 3 shows a detail view of the terminal 38, which extends through a ferrite ring 36 therethrough. It can be clearly seen that the housing of the ferrite ring 36 via latching projections 44 which engage behind the printed circuit board 30, is fixed thereto. Furthermore, in the illustration Fig. 3 to recognize that the frame 26, in which the battery cells are held, has a recess 46 in which the barrel-shaped body of the press-in sleeve 32 rests on an upper terminal region 42 of the battery cell. As a result, thermal contact is established between the battery cell in its upper region 42 with the printed circuit board 30, so that temperature monitoring can take place on the printed circuit board 30. A temperature sensor, which detects the amount of heat absorbed by the press-in sleeve 32 via the printed circuit board 30, is arranged spatially close to the press-fit sleeve on the printed circuit board 30. A connector 47 for data lines is also shown on the circuit board.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Befestigung der Einpresshülse 32 im Detail. Die Hülse 32 besitzt einen tonnenförmigen Körper 49, an dem sich ein umlaufender Vorsprung 48 anschließt. Der Vorsprung 48 besitzt eine Höhe, die ungefähr der Dicke der Leiterkarte 30 entspricht. Fig. 4 shows the attachment of the press-in sleeve 32 in detail. The sleeve 32 has a barrel-shaped body 49, to which a circumferential projection 48 connects. The projection 48 has a height which corresponds approximately to the thickness of the printed circuit board 30.

Durch die Einpresshülse 32 ist eine Schraube 36 geführt, die mit ihrem Schraubenkopf 50 über eine Unterlegscheibe 51 auf der Leiterkarte 30 aufliegt. Die Schraube 36 besitzt einen Schraubenschaft 52, der in einer Messinghülse verschraubt ist. Die Messinghülse ist nicht dargestellt und wird in den Fußraum 53 für die Schraube eingesetzt. Die Messinghülse besitzt ein Innengewinde für den Schraubenschaft 52. Der Schraubenschaft 52 erstreckt sich durch eine Andrückleiste 42 für einen abgewinkelten Ableiter 54 der Batteriezelle. Der Ableiter 54 bildet einen Pol der Batteriezelle. Der Ableiter 54 steht in flächigem Kontakt mit der Andrückleiste 42, so dass ein Wärmetransport über die Andrückleiste 42 und den Körper 49 der Einpresshülse zu der Leiterkarte 30 erfolgt. Der Körper 49 der Einpresshülse 32 steht in engem Kontakt mit der Andrückleiste 42 der Batteriezelle. Für eine gute Wärmeleitung sind die Einpresshülse 32 und die Andrückleiste 42 aus Metall hergestellt.Through the press-in sleeve 32, a screw 36 is guided, which rests with its screw head 50 via a washer 51 on the circuit board 30. The screw 36 has a screw shaft 52 which is bolted in a brass sleeve. The brass sleeve is not shown and is inserted into the footwell 53 for the screw. The brass sleeve has an internal thread for the screw shaft 52. The screw shaft 52 extends through a pressure strip 42 for an angled arrester 54 of the battery cell. The arrester 54 forms a pole of the battery cell. The arrester 54 is in surface contact with the pressure strip 42, so that a heat transfer via the Andrückleiste 42 and the body 49 of the press-fit to the circuit board 30 takes place. The body 49 of the press-in sleeve 32 is in close contact with the pressure bar 42 of the battery cell. For a good heat conduction, the press-in sleeve 32 and the pressure bar 42 are made of metal.

Die Überwachung der Batteriezellen erfolgt durch ein Batteriemanagementsystem. Die Leiterkarte 30 besitzt ungefähr die Maße der Seite des oder der Stacks, an der sich die Anschlussfahnen der Batteriezellen befinden. Die Leiterkarte ist mit Einpresshülsen 32 versehen. Diese dienen zur mechanischen Befestigung der Leiterkarte und zur Herstellung des elektrischen und thermischen Kontakts zwischen Batteriezellen und Elektronik. Hierüber werden die Spannungen gemessen, es findet der Ladungsausgleich statt und die Temperaturen der Batteriezellen werden an den Einpresshülsen gemessen. Auf der Leiterkarte sind in der Nähe der Einpresshülsen Temperatursensoren angeordnet. Die Temperatursensoren messen die Temperatur der einzelnen Zellen, wobei es auch möglich ist, die Temperatur eines Stacks oder der gesamten Batterie zu erfassen. Die Strommessung erfolgt mittels Shunt oder, wie in dem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, durch eine Hall-Sensorik mit einem Magnetring.The battery cells are monitored by a battery management system. The printed circuit board 30 has approximately the dimensions of the side of the stack or stacks on which the terminal lugs of the battery cells are located. The printed circuit board is provided with press-fit sleeves 32. These are used for mechanical attachment of the printed circuit board and for the production of electrical and thermal contact between battery cells and electronics. Hereby the voltages are measured, the charge balance takes place and the temperatures of the battery cells are measured at the press-fit sleeves. Temperature sensors are arranged on the printed circuit board near the press-fit sleeves. The temperature sensors measure the temperature the individual cells, it is also possible to detect the temperature of a stack or the entire battery. The current measurement takes place by means of shunt or, as shown in the embodiment, by a Hall sensor with a magnetic ring.

Die elektromechanischen Komponenten, wie beispielsweise der Träger 22, sind in den Gehäuseschalen 12 befestigt. Die beiden Gehäusehälften werden aufeinander gesteckt und können verklebt oder vibrationsverschweißt werden. Eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen den Gehäusehälften, beispielsweise durch Verklippsen, ist ebenfalls möglich.The electromechanical components, such as the carrier 22, are mounted in the housing shells 12. The two housing halves are put together and can be glued or vibration welded. A mechanical connection between the housing halves, for example by clipping, is also possible.

Claims (3)

  1. A lithium ion battery for an industrial truck, with
    • several battery cells which are combined into one or several stacks, and
    • a battery management system, which is electrically conductive connected to the battery cells,
    characterised in that
    the battery management system is arranged on a printed circuit board (30) that is connected to the terminals of the battery cells and comprises a temperature sensor (47), which detects the temperature of the battery cells, the printed circuit board (30) comprising press-fit sleeves (32) via which the printed circuit board is mechanically connected to a frame (26) that bears the battery cells, and from which each one is in thermal contact with one or several battery cells in order to detect the temperature of the battery cell via the temperature sensor (47) arranged on the printed circuit board (30), each press-fit sleeve (32) having a barrel-shaped body (49) that is arranged in a bore in the printed circuit board (30) with a projection (48), and the frame (26) wherein the battery cells are retained has a deepening (46) in which the barrel-shaped body of the press-fit sleeve (32) is supported on an upper terminal zone (42) of the battery cell.
  2. A lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterised in that the press-fit sleeve (32) is connected to the printed circuit board by a fastening means.
  3. A lithium ion battery according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that each press-fit sleeve is in electrical contact with one or several battery cells in order to measure the voltage of the battery cell or the battery cells, respectively.
EP12002921.0A 2011-04-29 2012-04-25 Lithium-ion battery for an industrial truck Active EP2518814B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011100928A DE102011100928A1 (en) 2011-04-29 2011-04-29 Lithium-ion battery for a truck

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EP2518814A1 EP2518814A1 (en) 2012-10-31
EP2518814B1 true EP2518814B1 (en) 2015-11-25

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KR102475839B1 (en) * 2015-11-16 2022-12-07 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargeable battery module

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19810746B4 (en) * 1998-03-12 2008-10-16 Varta Automotive Systems Gmbh Circuit board with a circuit for monitoring a multi-cell accumulator battery
CN102197509B (en) * 2008-09-09 2014-11-26 江森自控帅福得先进能源动力系统有限责任公司 Interconnection washer assembly for a battery assembly
DE102009036086B4 (en) * 2009-08-04 2018-09-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Monitoring electronics for batteries
US8287185B2 (en) * 2009-10-01 2012-10-16 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Cell temperature sensing apparatus for a battery module
DE202009015040U1 (en) * 2009-10-20 2010-01-21 Ips Integrated Power Solutions Ag Module and system for an electrochemical battery cell

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