EP2516936A1 - Air-conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Air-conditioning apparatus

Info

Publication number
EP2516936A1
EP2516936A1 EP10838755A EP10838755A EP2516936A1 EP 2516936 A1 EP2516936 A1 EP 2516936A1 EP 10838755 A EP10838755 A EP 10838755A EP 10838755 A EP10838755 A EP 10838755A EP 2516936 A1 EP2516936 A1 EP 2516936A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air duct
air
evaporator
conditioning apparatus
duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10838755A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2516936A4 (en
Inventor
Tommi Falck
Jan Söderholm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Recair Oy
Original Assignee
Recair Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Recair Oy filed Critical Recair Oy
Publication of EP2516936A1 publication Critical patent/EP2516936A1/en
Publication of EP2516936A4 publication Critical patent/EP2516936A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/75—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity for maintaining constant air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/002—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid
    • F24F12/003—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid using a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F2012/007—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using a by-pass for bypassing the heat-exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/40—Pressure, e.g. wind pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air-conditioning apparatus suited for indoor air ventilation.
  • a conventional air-conditioning apparatus comprises an exhaust air duct for removing indoor air from the room space, a discharge air duct for releasing the interior air to outside air, a fresh air duct for sucking outside air to the air-conditioning apparatus and an inlet air duct for injecting fresh air into the room space.
  • a typical air-conditioning apparatus may further include an inlet air fan and an exhaust air fan plus a heat recovery unit connected on one side between the inlet air duct and the exhaust air duct and, on its other side, between the fresh air duct and the inlet air duct.
  • the apparatus may also comprise a first evaporator-condenser unit in the exhaust air duct and a second evaporator-condenser unit in the inlet air duct.
  • evaporator-condenser units in cooperation with a compressor and a liquid-gas circuit constitute a heat pump.
  • a conventional air-conditioning apparatus is hampered by the limited supply air flow to the first evaporator-condenser unit particularly in cooling the inlet air.
  • providing sufficient air flow to the first evaporator-condenser unit for optimal efficacy often requires increasing the flow rates of exhaust air and inlet air above the level required to reach a sufficient exchange rate of indoor air in the building. This may be nonoptimal with regard to energy consumption, for instance.
  • Publication WO 2005/075896 discloses a method and apparatus, wherein a portion of the supply air to the air-conditioning apparatus is diverted to the exhaust air duct via a separate fan and a nonreturn valve securing a one-way flow.
  • One more object may also be appreciated in simplification and/or controllability of the apparatus.
  • the invention relates to an air-conditioning apparatus comprising an exhaust air duct, a discharge air duct, a fresh air duct, an inlet air duct, a first evaporator-condenser unit adapted to the discharge air duct and a second evaporator-condenser unit adapted to the inlet air duct.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus is characterized in that, between the fresh air duct and the discharge air duct, prior to the first evaporator- condenser unit in the flow direction of the discharge air duct and prior to the second evaporator-condenser unit in the flow direction of the inlet air duct, is adapted a bypass channel for passing fresh air from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct in order to enhance the function of the evaporator-condenser unit without the need for increasing the flow rates of the discharge air duct and the inlet air duct.
  • the air-conditional apparatus may additionally comprise, e.g., an inlet air fan adapted to the inlet air duct and/or a discharge air fan adapted to the discharge air duct.
  • the inlet air fan and the discharge air fan are arranged to be separate components connectable by means of ducts to the air-conditioning apparatus.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus has no fans in the construction.
  • the discharge air duct and the inlet air duct are equipped with flow measurement means such as, e.g., flange-mounted differential pressure transmitters for controlling the duct pressure to a constant set value.
  • the input power of the inlet air fan and/or the exhaust air fan are arranged controllable on the basis of signals obtained from the flow measurement means adapted to the exhaust air duct and the inlet air duct.
  • the input power control of the fans can be implemented in a stepless fashion, for instance, and realized with the help of frequency converters, for instance.
  • bypass channel is adapted between the flow measurement means of the exhaust flow duct and the exhaust air fan of the discharge air duct.
  • the flow in the bypass channel is accomplished by way of driving said inlet air and exhaust air fans at mutually unequal input power levels.
  • the input power of the exhaust air . fan is advantageously arranged controllable to a higher level than that of the exhaust air fan, e.g., when the bypass channel is open.
  • the input power of the exhaust air fan is adjusted to a level producing the same flow rate in the exhaust air duct as that of the inlet air duct.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus may additionally comprise a heat recovery unit, e.g., a regenerative heat recovery unit adapted to function on its one side between the exhaust air duct and the discharge air duct and, on its other side, between the fresh air duct and the inlet air duct.
  • the bypass channel may be adapted to function between the heat recovery unit and the first evaporator-condenser unit.
  • the bypass channel incorporates flow control means such as, e.g., a damper, for controlling flow rate in the bypass channel.
  • the damper has two control positions (open/closed), while in another embodiment the damper is arranged to control the cross section of the bypass channel in a stepwise or stepless fashion.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises four ducts for passing air through the apparatus. Arrows drawn in the figure denote air flow directions within the apparatus. Air being exhausted from the room space flows into the apparatus via an exhaust air duct 101. From the exhaust air duct, the air flows into a heat recovery unit 114 and therefrom further to a discharge air duct 102.
  • the heat recovery unit is advantageously but not necessarily a regenerative rotating heat recovery unit.
  • the air flow in the exhaust air and discharge air ducts is induced with the help of a fan 107 situated in the discharge air duct 102 that sucks air from the exhaust air duct via heat recovery unit 114 to the discharge air duct and blows it via evaporator-condenser unit 105 out from the apparatus 100.
  • a fan 107 situated in the discharge air duct 102 that sucks air from the exhaust air duct via heat recovery unit 114 to the discharge air duct and blows it via evaporator-condenser unit 105 out from the apparatus 100.
  • the mutual order of the fan and the evaporator-condenser unit 105 may also be reversed, i.e., the evaporator-condenser unit 105 is located upstream of fan 107 in the flow direction.
  • the discharge air duct is equipped with air flow measurement means 109, e.g., flow measurement devices such as differential pressure measurement flanges, for instance, complemented with differential pressure transmitters or, alternatively, differential pressure transmitters are used alone in order to control the duct pressure to a constant set level.
  • Air to be taken from outside into the room space is passed to the apparatus via fresh air duct 103.
  • a channel 112 equipped with means for opening/closing the same as necessary to the discharge air duct.
  • the air flow in channel 112 can be varied with the help of a control device 113 such as a damper, for instance.
  • Channel 112 is typically controlled open when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is used to cool inlet air being passed into the room interior.
  • the inlet air duct 104 is equipped with a fan 108.
  • a fan 108 When the input power levels of fans 107 and 108 are adjusted properly, fresh air flows from the fresh air duct 103, not only to inlet air duct 103, but also to discharge air duct 102.
  • the evaporator-condenser unit 105 acting as a condenser functions effectively without the need for increasing the air flow rate in exhaust air duct 101 and inlet air duct 104.
  • Fresh air also flows via heat recovery unit 114 and the second evaporator-condenser unit 106 to inlet air duct 104, wherefrom fan 108 blows it to the room interior.
  • the input power level of fan 108 is advantageously controlled with the help of air flow rate measurement means 110.
  • the flow rate can be controlled to be equal to the exhaust air flow rate measured by measurement means 109.
  • the bypass channel 112 the flow rates in fresh air duct 103 and discharge air duct 102 may be appreciably higher.
  • Evaporator-condenser units 106 and 107 in combination with compressor 111 and a liquid- gas circuit (not shown diagram) constitute a heat pump, whose function represents conventional technology well known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the evaporator-condenser unit 105 functions as a condenser heating the air passing therethrough, while the second evaporator-condenser unit 106 acts as an evaporator cooling the air passing therethrough.
  • the bypass channel 112 is typically kept open.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus is used for heating inlet air
  • the functions of units 105 and 106 are reversed by way of, e.g., reversing the flow direction of the liquid-gas circuit and keeping the bypass channel 112 closed.
  • the inlet air duct of the apparatus may be equipped with an additional heater element 115.
  • an embodiment of the invention uses the signals of flow rate measurement devices 109 and 110 to control the input power levels of the fans.
  • the flow rates of inlet air and exhaust air can be arranged to have, e.g., a common set value that is used in the input power levels of the fans.
  • the input power level of fan 107 may deviate quite substantially from the input power level of fan 108 inasmuch as fan 107 receives air, not only from exhaust air duct 101, but also via bypass channel 112 from fresh air duct 103.
  • bypass channel 112 In the input power control of the fans, it is essential to secure that air flow in bypass channel 112 is always directed from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct. In practice this means that the input power of the exhaust air fan 107 must be higher than the input power of the inlet air fan 108 when the bypass channel 112 is open.
  • the bypass channel 112 may be equipped with a separate flow measurement device (not shown in diagram) that is utilized for input power control of at least one of the fans.
  • the flow measurement device of the bypass channel can be used in parallel with the measurement devices 109 and 110 or, alternatively, replace either one of them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an air-conditioning apparatus comprising an exhaust air duct, a discharge air duct, a fresh air duct and an inlet air duct, as well as a first evaporator-condenser unit adapted to the discharge air duct and a second evaporator-condenser unit adapted to the inlet air duct. The air-conditioning apparatus is' characterized in that, between the fresh air duct and the discharge air duct, prior to the first evaporator-condenser unit in the flow direction of the discharge air duct and prior to the second evaporator-condenser unit in the flow direction of the inlet air duct, is adapted a bypass channel and flow control means for passing fresh air from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct in order to enhance the function of the evaporator- condenser unit without the need for increasing the flow rates of the exhaust air duct and the inlet air duct.

Description

Air-conditioning apparatus
Field of invention The invention relates to an air-conditioning apparatus suited for indoor air ventilation. State of the art
A conventional air-conditioning apparatus comprises an exhaust air duct for removing indoor air from the room space, a discharge air duct for releasing the interior air to outside air, a fresh air duct for sucking outside air to the air-conditioning apparatus and an inlet air duct for injecting fresh air into the room space. A typical air-conditioning apparatus may further include an inlet air fan and an exhaust air fan plus a heat recovery unit connected on one side between the inlet air duct and the exhaust air duct and, on its other side, between the fresh air duct and the inlet air duct. The apparatus may also comprise a first evaporator-condenser unit in the exhaust air duct and a second evaporator-condenser unit in the inlet air duct. These evaporator-condenser units in cooperation with a compressor and a liquid-gas circuit constitute a heat pump. A conventional air-conditioning apparatus is hampered by the limited supply air flow to the first evaporator-condenser unit particularly in cooling the inlet air. In a state-of-the-art air-conditioning apparatus, providing sufficient air flow to the first evaporator-condenser unit for optimal efficacy often requires increasing the flow rates of exhaust air and inlet air above the level required to reach a sufficient exchange rate of indoor air in the building. This may be nonoptimal with regard to energy consumption, for instance.
Publication WO 2005/075896 discloses a method and apparatus, wherein a portion of the supply air to the air-conditioning apparatus is diverted to the exhaust air duct via a separate fan and a nonreturn valve securing a one-way flow. Object of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to improve the effect and/or efficiency of a conventional air-conditioning apparatus. One more object may also be appreciated in simplification and/or controllability of the apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The invention relates to an air-conditioning apparatus comprising an exhaust air duct, a discharge air duct, a fresh air duct, an inlet air duct, a first evaporator-condenser unit adapted to the discharge air duct and a second evaporator-condenser unit adapted to the inlet air duct. The air-conditioning apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that, between the fresh air duct and the discharge air duct, prior to the first evaporator- condenser unit in the flow direction of the discharge air duct and prior to the second evaporator-condenser unit in the flow direction of the inlet air duct, is adapted a bypass channel for passing fresh air from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct in order to enhance the function of the evaporator-condenser unit without the need for increasing the flow rates of the discharge air duct and the inlet air duct. In an embodiment the air-conditional apparatus may additionally comprise, e.g., an inlet air fan adapted to the inlet air duct and/or a discharge air fan adapted to the discharge air duct. In an alternative embodiment the inlet air fan and the discharge air fan are arranged to be separate components connectable by means of ducts to the air-conditioning apparatus. In an embodiment, the air-conditioning apparatus has no fans in the construction.
In an embodiment, the discharge air duct and the inlet air duct are equipped with flow measurement means such as, e.g., flange-mounted differential pressure transmitters for controlling the duct pressure to a constant set value. In one embodiment, the input power of the inlet air fan and/or the exhaust air fan are arranged controllable on the basis of signals obtained from the flow measurement means adapted to the exhaust air duct and the inlet air duct. The input power control of the fans can be implemented in a stepless fashion, for instance, and realized with the help of frequency converters, for instance.
In a preferred embodiment, the bypass channel is adapted between the flow measurement means of the exhaust flow duct and the exhaust air fan of the discharge air duct.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow in the bypass channel is accomplished by way of driving said inlet air and exhaust air fans at mutually unequal input power levels. The input power of the exhaust air . fan is advantageously arranged controllable to a higher level than that of the exhaust air fan, e.g., when the bypass channel is open. In an embodiment the input power of the exhaust air fan is adjusted to a level producing the same flow rate in the exhaust air duct as that of the inlet air duct.
In an embodiment the air-conditioning apparatus may additionally comprise a heat recovery unit, e.g., a regenerative heat recovery unit adapted to function on its one side between the exhaust air duct and the discharge air duct and, on its other side, between the fresh air duct and the inlet air duct. The bypass channel may be adapted to function between the heat recovery unit and the first evaporator-condenser unit. In an embodiment the bypass channel incorporates flow control means such as, e.g., a damper, for controlling flow rate in the bypass channel. In an embodiment the damper has two control positions (open/closed), while in another embodiment the damper is arranged to control the cross section of the bypass channel in a stepwise or stepless fashion. Detailed description of the invention
Next some preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail by way of making reference to examples representing preferred embodiments and appended drawings in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment the invention. In Figs. 1 and 2 is shown an embodiment of an air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. The apparatus comprises four ducts for passing air through the apparatus. Arrows drawn in the figure denote air flow directions within the apparatus. Air being exhausted from the room space flows into the apparatus via an exhaust air duct 101. From the exhaust air duct, the air flows into a heat recovery unit 114 and therefrom further to a discharge air duct 102. The heat recovery unit is advantageously but not necessarily a regenerative rotating heat recovery unit. The air flow in the exhaust air and discharge air ducts is induced with the help of a fan 107 situated in the discharge air duct 102 that sucks air from the exhaust air duct via heat recovery unit 114 to the discharge air duct and blows it via evaporator-condenser unit 105 out from the apparatus 100. In another embodiment, the mutual order of the fan and the evaporator-condenser unit 105 may also be reversed, i.e., the evaporator-condenser unit 105 is located upstream of fan 107 in the flow direction. The discharge air duct is equipped with air flow measurement means 109, e.g., flow measurement devices such as differential pressure measurement flanges, for instance, complemented with differential pressure transmitters or, alternatively, differential pressure transmitters are used alone in order to control the duct pressure to a constant set level. Air to be taken from outside into the room space is passed to the apparatus via fresh air duct 103. From the fresh air duct is routed a channel 112 equipped with means for opening/closing the same as necessary to the discharge air duct. The air flow in channel 112 can be varied with the help of a control device 113 such as a damper, for instance. Channel 112 is typically controlled open when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 is used to cool inlet air being passed into the room interior. The inlet air duct 104 is equipped with a fan 108. When the input power levels of fans 107 and 108 are adjusted properly, fresh air flows from the fresh air duct 103, not only to inlet air duct 103, but also to discharge air duct 102. Hereby the evaporator-condenser unit 105 acting as a condenser functions effectively without the need for increasing the air flow rate in exhaust air duct 101 and inlet air duct 104. Fresh air also flows via heat recovery unit 114 and the second evaporator-condenser unit 106 to inlet air duct 104, wherefrom fan 108 blows it to the room interior. The input power level of fan 108 is advantageously controlled with the help of air flow rate measurement means 110. The flow rate can be controlled to be equal to the exhaust air flow rate measured by measurement means 109. By virtue of the bypass channel 112, the flow rates in fresh air duct 103 and discharge air duct 102 may be appreciably higher.
Evaporator-condenser units 106 and 107 in combination with compressor 111 and a liquid- gas circuit (not shown diagram) constitute a heat pump, whose function represents conventional technology well known to a person skilled in the art. When the apparatus 100 is used for cooling intake air, the evaporator-condenser unit 105 functions as a condenser heating the air passing therethrough, while the second evaporator-condenser unit 106 acts as an evaporator cooling the air passing therethrough. During operation as a cooler, the bypass channel 112 is typically kept open. In contrast, if the air-conditioning apparatus is used for heating inlet air, the functions of units 105 and 106 are reversed by way of, e.g., reversing the flow direction of the liquid-gas circuit and keeping the bypass channel 112 closed. For heating the inlet air flow, the inlet air duct of the apparatus may be equipped with an additional heater element 115.
As the air-conditioning apparatus disclosed herein incorporates the bypass channel 112 for passing air from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct, conventional control methods based on monitoring the rotating speeds of fans 107, 108 fail to provide a satisfactory function. Hence, an embodiment of the invention uses the signals of flow rate measurement devices 109 and 110 to control the input power levels of the fans. The flow rates of inlet air and exhaust air can be arranged to have, e.g., a common set value that is used in the input power levels of the fans. The input power level of fan 107 may deviate quite substantially from the input power level of fan 108 inasmuch as fan 107 receives air, not only from exhaust air duct 101, but also via bypass channel 112 from fresh air duct 103. In the input power control of the fans, it is essential to secure that air flow in bypass channel 112 is always directed from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct. In practice this means that the input power of the exhaust air fan 107 must be higher than the input power of the inlet air fan 108 when the bypass channel 112 is open.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the bypass channel 112 may be equipped with a separate flow measurement device (not shown in diagram) that is utilized for input power control of at least one of the fans. The flow measurement device of the bypass channel can be used in parallel with the measurement devices 109 and 110 or, alternatively, replace either one of them.
To a person skilled in the art it is obvious that the exemplifying embodiments described above have been selected to be relatively uncomplicated as to their construction and function for greater clarity of in the description of the invention. The concept of the invention disclosed in the patent application may be implemented in a variety of different and highly complex embodiments serving to carry out the inventive spirit of the present patent application.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising an exhaust air duct (101), a discharge air duct (102), a fresh air duct (103), an inlet air duct (104), a first evaporator-condenser unit (105) adapted to the discharge air duct and a second evaporator-condenser unit (106) adapted to the inlet air duct, characterized in that, between the fresh air duct and the discharge air duct, prior to the first evaporator-condenser unit (105) in the flow direction of the discharge air duct and prior to the second evaporator-condenser unit (106) in the flow direction of the inlet air duct, is adapted a bypass channel (112) and flow control means (113) for passing fresh air from the fresh air duct to the discharge air duct in order to enhance the function of the evaporator-condenser unit (105) without the need for increasing the flow rates of the exhaust air duct (101) and the inlet air duct (104).
2. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises flow measurement means (109) adapted to the exhaust air duct (101) and flow measurement means (110) adapted to the inlet air duct (104) for controlling the duct pressure in ducts (101, 104) to a constant set value.
3. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 2, characterized in that it comprises an inlet air fan (108) and/or an exhaust air fan (107).
4. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 3, characterized in that the input power of said inlet air fan (108) and/or said exhaust air fan (107) is arranged controllable on the basis of signals obtained from said flow measurement means.
5. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 4, characterized in that the input power of the exhaust air fan (107) is arranged controllable to a higher level than the input power of the exhaust air fan (108).
6. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 5, characterized in that the input power of said exhaust air fan (107) is adjusted to a level producing in the exhaust air duct (101) the same flow rate as that of the inlet air duct (104).
7. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a heat recovery unit (114) adapted to function between said exhaust and discharge air ducts as well as between said fresh air and inlet air ducts.
EP10838755.6A 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Air-conditioning apparatus Withdrawn EP2516936A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20096397A FI20096397A0 (en) 2009-12-23 2009-12-23 VENTILATION DEVICE
PCT/FI2010/051071 WO2011077007A1 (en) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Air-conditioning apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2516936A1 true EP2516936A1 (en) 2012-10-31
EP2516936A4 EP2516936A4 (en) 2017-08-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10838755.6A Withdrawn EP2516936A4 (en) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Air-conditioning apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2516936A4 (en)
FI (1) FI20096397A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2011077007A1 (en)

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