EP2516097A1 - Outil de soudage par friction - Google Patents

Outil de soudage par friction

Info

Publication number
EP2516097A1
EP2516097A1 EP10796035A EP10796035A EP2516097A1 EP 2516097 A1 EP2516097 A1 EP 2516097A1 EP 10796035 A EP10796035 A EP 10796035A EP 10796035 A EP10796035 A EP 10796035A EP 2516097 A1 EP2516097 A1 EP 2516097A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
pin
reibpunktschweißwerkzeug
workpiece
punch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10796035A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Webb
Fritz Luidhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harms & Wende & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Harms & Wende & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harms & Wende & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Harms & Wende & Co KG GmbH
Priority to EP10796035A priority Critical patent/EP2516097A1/fr
Publication of EP2516097A1 publication Critical patent/EP2516097A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Reibyaksch dowerkmaschine (RPS tool) for joining flat workpieces at points where they overlap, with a pressed against the workpieces punch and a pin disposed therein and a concentric surrounding the same surrounding sleeve, which are axially movable independently in the stamp are, wherein the pin and / or the sleeve are set in rotation.
  • RPS tool Reibyak dowerkmaschine
  • a known Reibyaksch dowerkmaschinemaschine or RPS tool (WO01 / 36144 AI) is the tool head, which consists of ei ⁇ nem pin and a surrounding sleeve which are arranged in a stamp, with a well-defined pressure on the connection region of two or more at least partially overlapping flat workpieces, in particular sheets, mounted.
  • the rotating tool generates heat of friction and thus plasticises the material.
  • the rotating pin presses into the workpiece.
  • the surrounding sleeve is simultaneously lifted off the workpiece. This creates a hollow space between the sleeve and the punch. This takes up the material that the pin ver ⁇ urges.
  • the process is completed as soon as the pin has reached a de ⁇ fined depth in the bottom layer of the workpieces to be joined. Subsequently, the pin is pulled out of the workpiece, and the counter-rotating sleeve presses the plastic material back into the connection area. The result is a punctate and cohesive connection of high quality.
  • the Verbin ⁇ binding site forms a substantially smooth surface.
  • an anvil To create space for the material, which is then pushed back into the resulting space by the punch, when the sleeve is withdrawn. If the workpiece is not resting on a firm surface, an anvil must be provided to withstand the pressure of the friction spot welding tool.
  • the known friction spot welding tool has the disadvantage that, as a matter of principle, workpiece material penetrates into the rotational axis-concentric annular gaps. This leads to the bonding of pin with sleeve and / or sleeve with stamp, which causes significant increase in force and torque in the Maschi ⁇ ne and leads to significantly reduced life or breakage of machine parts.
  • the drives and load on ⁇ receiving components must oversized accordingly and thus be unnecessarily large and expensive. It is necessary continuous rotation of the tools for the purpose of permanent plasticization of the penetrated material in the adhesive zone in order to reduce the breakaway forces something, but this is often insufficient. There is also the risk of the penetration of penetrated material up to the possibly existing seals, eventually destruction of the seals and as a result further damage to the machine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a Reibyaksch dowerkmaschines, which has a longer service life ⁇ duration.
  • the Reibrissa- welding tool is provided with channels and cavities for cooling of the pin, sleeve and stamp with a cooling liquid, which flows around at least the pin and the sleeve directly lent as close as possible to the workpiece end, and that Tool-side and workpiece-side sealing means are provided, through which the escape of the cooling liquid between the pin, sleeve and punch is at least greatly hindered ⁇ .
  • This film separates the RPS tool parts (pin, sleeve and punch) from each other and prevents their destruction. Otherwise, there would be direct rubbing contact with wear due to local cold welding. There are sufficiently low temperatures Tempe ⁇ even for use on thermoplastic workpieces reached without the thermoplastic composition from penetrating too far into the tool column.
  • thermoplastic inserts in thermoforming (thermoformed) parts
  • the sealing means are ring seals.
  • a radial seal between pin and sleeve and sleeve and punch can, for example, as O-ring, X-ring or U-ring or stuffing box, single or multiple, formed and placed so close to the end of the pin ⁇ that on the one hand einrint in the annular gap. constricting workpiece material does not reach the seal and be ⁇ damages, on the other hand, the cooling fluid is sufficiently effective for said Tem ⁇ peraturabsenkung in order to avoid sticking of workpiece material on the tool end.
  • seals made from PTFE with Invited ⁇ Gerter carbon or of PTFE or of PTFE MoS2 with embedded with embedded hexagonal boron nitride are particularly advantageous.
  • the U-rings may be biased by integral spring made of stainless steel or other stainless spring material.
  • the sealing means have capillary sealing gaps between pin, sleeve and punch.
  • the capillary gap is advantageously so narrow and so long be ⁇ measure that the amount of leakage of coolant, depending on the flow pressure, under a tolerable for the RPS process and for the user per unit time remains.
  • Film-like to the outer end of advancing pin and sleeve - - fluid amount (0 to 10 drops) to cool the in contact with the workpiece be ⁇ -sensitive parts of the mold very effective by evaporation the other hand, a very small helps. The thus lowered mold temperature significantly increases tool life.
  • thermoplastic workpieces a very effective cooling is required to the end close to the workpiece and can be realized with the Reibyaksch spaticianmaschinemaschinemaschine invention.
  • the cooling liquid flow pressure and at least one closing valve in the coolant supply must be controlled so that unacceptable quantities of coolant do not escape at any time, especially during machine downtime. If necessary, the Conveying direction at machine standstill in reverse Rich ⁇ tion (sucking) are controlled.
  • the capillary seal makes it possible to avoid the installation space required for an otherwise required sealing ring and the corresponding necessary counterbore, equivalent to reducing the cross section of the pin or the sleeve. This ensures crucial torsional threshold strength of pin or sleeve (the latter if the sealing ring is placed in the sleeve). In particular, with increasingly small required tool diameter ⁇ tools results in a technical limit for the sealing ring cross-section.
  • the then very thin sealing ring is too sensitive, he tends (with axial displacement of pin or sleeve) for twisting, and its radial travel and associated Wandbe ⁇ cover under pressure is no longer sufficient to be tight. If one were to keep the sealing ring cross section always sufficiently large, would result in tool diameter reduction of the local pin cross-section finally to zero.
  • the Kapillardicht Structure may, if a slightly larger amount of liquid outlet is desired, also contain a lot of ⁇ number close, outside sharp-edged radial circumferential grooves shallow penetration depth.
  • the capillary seal is a crucial prerequisite for realizing tool sets with very small diameters.
  • the model for the capillary seal is the injection syringe of old design (glass or metal piston in glass cylinder).
  • the machine side are double or compared to the werk Georgiaseit igen Seals multiple or safer seals provided.
  • the gaskets simply used seals should first fail, so that exiting coolant visibly indicates the seal failure, without the machine is endangered by coolant. All seals in the tool set can then be renewed and the tool set checked for damage, if necessary renewed.
  • ring grooves can be introduced and used as a thread in the sense of a screw conveyor.
  • ring grooves can be introduced and used as a thread in the sense of a screw conveyor.
  • a material material collecting chamber wide annular grooves.
  • the mentioned plug or film also penetrated material can vorgese ⁇ hen to pen and sleeve relatively wide free spaces, which, at a sufficient distance from the nearest seal, serve as a material collection chamber. They are dimensioned so that they only have to be freed (emptied) from the workpiece material during the routine tool change.
  • radially outward to the environment leading introduced can escape through the material and at the same time material accumulation is visible.
  • the workpiece-side ends of the pin and / or sleeve are surface-treated.
  • TiAlN or ZOX containing zirconium oxide
  • a DLC layer diamond-like carbon
  • tap water non-lubricious cooling liquid
  • a depot of hexagonal BN may be applied alone or as a mixture or emulsion with grease or oil in structurally provided chambers before or between seals. The amount must be minimized and the material transport must be designed so that no blockages occur in the RPS cooling system.
  • a DLC layer or a ZOX layer up to the end of the workpiece close to the workpiece can prevent excessive adhesion of thermoplastic materials and thus also excessive adhesion of the tool set.
  • the non ⁇ extremely high hardness of such layers allows sufficient tool life at RPS fiber reinforced Thermoplas ⁇ th.
  • pin and sleeve or only the sleeve in the area of the workpiece contact with so-called hard metal or, alternatively, CERMET or another hard material, in particular ceramic, equipped or made entirely of it.
  • a mixture of substances protected by BOEHLERIT with a large proportion of fine-grained tungsten carbide and / or cubic BN and the stability-increasing additives of other substances, manufactured in a special BOEHLERIT process by BOEHLERIT, can be used for RPS tools.
  • the tool more specifically pin and sleeve, if ⁇ also the punch, can be made of hot-work steel or cold work steel or tungsten-rhenium WRe alloy or of so-called hard metal (carbides in metal matrix) or metal-ceramic composites (CERMET) or
  • Combinations of said materials are made, or combinations of nickel alloys (superalloys) with carbide or powder metallurgy steels with added carbide or powder metallurgical steels with distributed in the material continuum in appropriate locally different concentration carbide or ceramic powder.
  • the tool parts that do not directly contact the workpiece may be made of non-tool steel (tempered steel or case hardened steel or ferritic stainless or highly cold-formed austenitic stainless steel).
  • PSESSID b72caaa2c2156a0886da62108caclc3c
  • Heavy metal workpieces eg titanium carbide Tic or titanium nitride TiN; or with oxide ceramics, such as aluminum oxide A1203 as well as non-oxide ceramics, for example silicon carbide SiC, Sili ⁇ ziumnitrid highly pure zirconia Zi02, the latter also with admixed yttrium trioxide Y203 for application preferably but not exclusively to heavy metal workpieces; or with said coating or a plasma nitriding layer or salt bath nitriding layer.
  • the tool set is inherently in three parts and axis ⁇ concentric. On one hand, high pressure forces, frictional torque and rotation ⁇ have to pay (performance) are applied at application of metallic workpieces.
  • the pin is supported at a distance from the werk GmbHsei- term end with a sliding fit on the inner surface of the sleeve.
  • buckling can also be a one or not be single radial support of pin and sleeve by sliding ⁇ adjustment of the pin into the sleeve or a rotating sliding fit of the sleeve in the plunger, may alternatively be provided as a sliding bearing.
  • the pin and / or the sleeve may be provided with through holes through which the cooling liquid can pass.
  • the workpiece side seals are designed for passing a small amount of cooling liquid, so as to allow cooling of the workpiece. The cooling can also take place by evaporation.
  • a closed circuit for the cooling liquid is provided.
  • a cooling liquid serves ⁇ preferably water or a water-glycol mixture ( "radiator antifreeze") or water with a fatty alcohol and Additi ⁇ ven (corrosion inhibitors, chemical stabilizers, friction reducers).
  • a friction least forming additive such as hexagonal BN is Furthermore, it is expedient to provide a rotary feedthrough for cooling liquid for supply to the punch, sleeve and pin and again out to the tank or drain, in the open or closed circle, with or without additional heat removal.
  • the friction ⁇ spot welding tool has a fluid-cooled counter-holder.
  • the heat generated during the RPS process in the RPS point spreads in the workpiece and also flows into the anvil, which increasingly heats from RPS point to RPS point at even RPS intervals.
  • the pressing of the Gegenhal ⁇ ters located in the tool contact is composed of highly thermally conductive, internally be Songstem from the cooling fluid material, preferably a copper alloy. Heat from the workpiece passes by means of heat conduction into the pressure piece and on into the cooling fluid.
  • the cooling fluid directly wets the workpiece without aêti ⁇ ge seal, in a minimal but just sufficient amount that can also evaporate partially or completely on the workpiece.
  • CO 2 is used as the cooling medium.
  • a fourth, the punch concentric surrounding sleeve-like tool part may be provided. Since ⁇ with the pressure of the tool set is distributed to the workpiece on a larger circular area, in particular workpieces made of light metal there are less plastically deformed (embossed). The disadvantage is then the correspondingly reduced least possible distance from the wall.
  • This tool part can also be equipped with liquid cooling.
  • An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the Reibyaksch spacola is provided with means for the jerky and short-term increase in the force with which the tool and workpiece are pressed together.
  • the invention has recognized that the entry mechanical ⁇ shear energy into the weld - and thus the effective ⁇ ness of the tool set - can be improved not only by increased tempera ⁇ ture at reduced heat loss, but also by increasing this force.
  • the connection resistance is achieved by maximizing the intra-crystalline ⁇ nen and between crystalline bonds in the workpiece, microscopic gaps such as voids, cracks, and oxide inclusions are minimized.
  • the increased strength only needs to be exercised for a short time, which has many advantages.
  • the tool should not turn. For this purpose, one could turn off the drive for the shaft just before exerting the impulsive force and then decelerate the shaft and tool by the friction that occurs during the increased force.
  • the drive shaft is separated from the tool or the motor from the tool-soapy shaft, thus reducing the mass moment of inertia to be braked.
  • timing can be achieved that either the tool the pulse obtained and resulted in increasing the pressure on the workpiece or the counter-holder exerts the impulsive force from ⁇ or by tool and abutment are accelerated against each other simultaneously to the workpiece.
  • the sleeve In friction stir spot welding on Al workpieces, the sleeve first penetrates into the workpiece in a rotationally frictional manner and displaces workpiece material, for which the pin gives room to the displaced volume by retreating. Then the sleeve is pulled back, the pin penetrates and leads the o.g. displaced material back into the workpiece.
  • the pin is subjected to one or more force pulses similar to hammer blows to drive the displaced workpiece material back into the workpiece - just ending with the workpiece surface.
  • the forces to be exerted can be reduced if the friction spot welder is provided with means for heating the workpiece. It is then not only the heat of friction used but also an additional He ⁇ heating of the workpiece.
  • Such can be inductive or conductive (by ohmic resistance of the workpiece) or by means of Gas burner flame or laser or additional friction element or combined done.
  • the tool or - cheaper - only coming into contact with the workpiece material of the Maschinenzeu ⁇ ges of a temperature resistant hard material, preferably with low thermal conductivity, in particular lower thermal conductivity than steel, to avoid excessive cooling.
  • a temperature resistant hard material preferably with low thermal conductivity, in particular lower thermal conductivity than steel, to avoid excessive cooling.
  • the hot strength, in particular the thermal shock resistance, and the wear resistance are of primary importance compared to the lowest possible thermal conductivity.
  • Another way to minimize the dispersion of the RPS point quality is to keep the anvil by means of regulated energy supply as constant as possible. This can at least greatly reduce differences in RPS dot quality due to the workpiece approaching near weld points heated and therefore the later welding points are generated under conditions other than the earlier.
  • the shock-like force can be exerted by the pin, the sleeve or the counter-holder.
  • the impact-like forces are actively exerted on the workpiece from both sides.
  • the corresponding devices for increasing the force can also be arranged away from the tool, in particular in the machine.
  • FIG. 2 shots of welds produced with the friction point welding tool according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows in cross section the workpiece-side end of a friction point welding tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 in a similar representation as in Figure 31 other embodiment. Examples of possible applications of the Reibyaksch dowerkmaschinemaschines invention are shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows typical surfaces of sheets with Sch doverbin- fertil, which have been produced with the tool.
  • FIG. 3 shows the workpiece-side end of a erfindungsge ⁇ MAESSEN Reibyaksch dowerkmaschinemaschines.
  • a stamp 2 On a holder 1, a stamp 2 is fixed, which is designed for pressing the Reibddling- welding tool to the workpiece 3.
  • the punch 2 is surrounded by a pressure ram 4 for enlarging the surface with which the tool presses against the workpiece 3.
  • this pressure stamp 4 is ver ⁇ do without, if is to be welded edging in confined spaces such as near a waste.
  • a sleeve 5 is slidably and rotatably arranged in the axial direction, which surrounds a pin 6, which is also displaceable in the axial direction and rotatable together with the sleeve 5.
  • the sleeve 5 is already partially moved with appropriate rotation in the workpiece 3 and is then so ⁇ far moved until it also enters the lower layer of the workpiece 3.
  • the plastified by the heating due to the rotation of the material of the workpiece 3 differs ⁇ in in the space 7 within the sleeve 5 and below the pin 6.
  • the pin 6 will then be moved down and the sleeve 5 upwards so that the plastifying ⁇ te material is moved back into the resulting hole and so a weld having a smooth surface in essential is prepared.
  • the cooling liquid is supplied through the channels 8, 9 to the lower Be ⁇ rich of the tool and removed from there. Ins ⁇ particular, the cooling liquid flows around the sleeve 5 at 10 and penetrates through holes 11 to the pin 6 in order to cool this also directly. 12 with a filler body is referred to, which is arranged between the sleeve 5 and 2 stamp.
  • the pin 6 is guided in the sleeve 5 with a tight fit. This represents an effective seal for the cooling liquid.
  • the plasticized material can only reach the gap between pin 6 and sleeve 5 to a very limited extent due to this tight fit. Small quantities of the material are accumulated in material collecting chambers 13, 14. The accumulation is so small that these material receiving chambers are filled only when the tool is worn and needs to be replaced.
  • the pressure exerted by the punch 2, sleeve 5 and pin 6 is collected by a counter-holder 16, which is cooled with liquid.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 4 differs from that of Fig. 3 in that instead of the tight fit, the sealing effect is effected by a sealing ring 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil de soudage par friction destiné à assembler des pièces d'usinage (3) plates en des points de recouvrement, comportant un poinçon (2) qui peut être pressé contre les pièces d'usinage et dans lequel est disposée une broche (6) concentriquement entourée d'une douille (5), ces deux éléments pouvant être déplacés axialement indépendamment l'un de l'autre dans le poinçon (2) et la broche (6) et/ou la douille (5) pouvant être mises en rotation. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'outil de soudage par friction comprend des canaux et des cavités (8, 9, 10) pour le refroidissement de la broche (6), de la douille (5) et du poinçon (2) au moyen d'un liquide de refroidissement qui baigne au moins la broche (6) et la douille (5), et en ce que des dispositifs d'étanchéité (15) sont prévus côté outil et côté pièce pour au moins fortement empêcher l'écoulement du liquide de refroidissement entre la broche (6), la douille (5) et le poinçon (2).
EP10796035A 2009-12-22 2010-12-21 Outil de soudage par friction Withdrawn EP2516097A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10796035A EP2516097A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-21 Outil de soudage par friction

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09015880A EP2338632A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Outil de soudage par point par friction-malaxage
PCT/EP2010/070345 WO2011080157A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-21 Outil de soudage par friction
EP10796035A EP2516097A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-21 Outil de soudage par friction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2516097A1 true EP2516097A1 (fr) 2012-10-31

Family

ID=42166016

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09015880A Withdrawn EP2338632A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Outil de soudage par point par friction-malaxage
EP10796035A Withdrawn EP2516097A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-21 Outil de soudage par friction

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09015880A Withdrawn EP2338632A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Outil de soudage par point par friction-malaxage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2338632A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011080157A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3769895A1 (fr) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-27 Harms & Wende GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé de soudage par friction

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102319953A (zh) * 2011-06-14 2012-01-18 兰州理工大学 镁合金-钢无匙孔搅拌摩擦点焊焊接方法
EP3744467A1 (fr) * 2019-05-27 2020-12-02 Harms & Wende GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de soudage par point par friction
US11458563B2 (en) * 2020-08-14 2022-10-04 Lincoln Global, Inc. Refill friction stir spot welding tool and end effector
CN115902328B (zh) * 2022-12-26 2023-07-04 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司供电服务中心 一种高寒地区电能表恒温装置及恒温方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6516992B1 (en) * 1996-05-31 2003-02-11 The Boeing Company Friction stir welding with simultaneous cooling
CA2336828C (fr) * 1998-07-09 2010-03-16 Mts Systems Corporation Tete de soudage
DE19955737B4 (de) 1999-11-18 2005-11-10 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von wenigstens zwei aneinanderliegenden Werkstücken nach der Methode des Reibrührschweißens
JP2005074451A (ja) * 2003-08-29 2005-03-24 Toyota Motor Corp 摩擦攪拌接合方法及び摩擦攪拌接合装置

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Title
See references of WO2011080157A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3769895A1 (fr) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-27 Harms & Wende GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé de soudage par friction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011080157A1 (fr) 2011-07-07
EP2338632A1 (fr) 2011-06-29

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