EP2513660B1 - Procédé permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc-batterie et système de batterie permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc- batterie - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc-batterie et système de batterie permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc- batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2513660B1
EP2513660B1 EP10775779.1A EP10775779A EP2513660B1 EP 2513660 B1 EP2513660 B1 EP 2513660B1 EP 10775779 A EP10775779 A EP 10775779A EP 2513660 B1 EP2513660 B1 EP 2513660B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
connector
contact
cells
battery pack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10775779.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2513660A1 (fr
Inventor
Andre Boehm
Ralf Angerbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/14—Measuring resistance by measuring current or voltage obtained from a reference source

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for determining contact and connector resistances in a battery pack consisting of N electrochemical single cells.
  • the present invention also provides a battery system comprising a Li-ion battery pack and a battery management system which operates according to the above method, and a motor vehicle which includes a battery system consisting of a Li-ion battery pack and a corresponding battery management system.
  • a computer program is the subject of the invention, which performs all the steps of the method according to the invention when it runs on a computing device.
  • FIG. 1 shows such a connecting element of the prior art.
  • a battery pack 1 here consists of two electrochemical single cells 2. Each of these electrochemical cells 2 comprises a negative battery 3 and a positive battery 4. For series connection of the batteries, for example, the negative battery 3 of the first single cell 2 with the positive battery 4 the second single cell 2 via a connecting element 5 electrically connected.
  • a connecting element 5 can be screwed, welded or fastened in a different manner, resulting in further electrical resistances.
  • the method advantageously represents a convenient and precise method for measuring the contact and connector resistances in battery packs or modules, which enables a quicker tape end removal after assembly of the battery pack, but also, for example, a measurement in a vehicle in which the battery pack is installed via a vehicle-mounted battery management system.
  • the inventive method with the features of the independent claim has the advantage over the prior art that the measurement of the internal resistance of a battery module or pack with the aid of an alternating current allows an unlimited measurement period due to the charge neutrality of the investigation. Furthermore, no voltage monitoring of the individual cells is necessary.
  • the examination frequency ⁇ is the resonance frequency, which is characterized in that the impedance is purely ohmic or real without a gamma part.
  • the measurement is thereby carried out at low AC resistance of the cells, so that in relation to the measured sum of contact and connector resistance can be determined improved. Capacitive or inductive components of the connection impedance can be co-determined.
  • the measurement can take place between two adjacent cells of a battery pack. If the two adjacent cells are connected by a connecting element, then the sum of two contact resistances and a connector resistance is determined.
  • the measurement is made over the entire battery pack by contacting the first and last single cell of the battery pack. This allows a reduction of the measurement effort. In addition, statistical variations through measurement across all cells have less of an impact on determining contact and connector resistances than when measuring over two single cells.
  • the ohmic resistance R cell of the N cells is previously known, for example from the data sheet of the individual electrochemical battery cells. The value known from the data sheet of the individual cells is usually determined statistically in advance.
  • the examination frequency is preferably in the range of 500 Hz to 3 kHz, more preferably in the range of 1.5 kHz to 3 kHz. At lower frequencies, the resistance is relatively high and shows capacitive components.
  • a computer program which performs all the steps of the method according to the invention when it runs on a computing device.
  • a battery management system in particular for Li-ion batteries is proposed, wherein the battery system comprises the above method for determining the state of charge.
  • a battery system which comprises a Li-ion battery pack consisting of a plurality of individual battery cells and a battery management system for Li-ion batteries, wherein the battery system comprises the above method for determining the state of charge.
  • a motor vehicle which is equipped with a drive system which comprises a corresponding battery system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a battery pack 1 of the prior art, consisting of two electrochemical single cells 2, which are connected via a connecting element or connector 5.
  • the connector 5 contacts a first pole 3 of the first single cell and a second pole 4 of the second single cells.
  • two contact resistances are formed between the first pole 3 and the connector 5 and the second pole 4 and the connector 5.
  • the connector resistance itself has a resistance called the connector resistance.
  • the introduction of a connector between two cells thus results in three additional resistors, two contact and one connector resistance, which can be determined in total. The total then gives an indication of how well the contacts have been made and whether the contacts have aged during operation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of the method according to the invention for determining the sum of contact and connector resistances in a battery pack.
  • the battery pack is preferably made of Li-ion battery cells below, but can also be applied to other types of batteries consisting of several electrochemical cells.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of the method according to the invention for determining the sum of contact and connector resistances in a battery pack.
  • the battery pack is preferably made of Li-ion battery cells below, but can also be applied to other types of batteries consisting of several electrochemical cells.
  • the placeholder "A” stands for the "contacting of two single cells”
  • the placeholder “B” for the “impressing of an alternating current I (j ⁇ )”
  • the placeholder “C” for the "measurement of the voltage drops U (j ⁇ ) between the contacts”
  • the placeth holder "D” for "R mess (j ⁇ ) U (j ⁇ ) / I (j ⁇ )”
  • step S1 the contacting of two individual cells of the battery pack.
  • step S2 an alternating current I (j ⁇ ) is impressed on the contacts of the two contacted individual cells at an examination frequency ⁇ .
  • step S3 voltage drop U (j ⁇ ) between the contacts is then measured, and from this in steps S4 and S5 the resulting resistance of impressed current I (j ⁇ ) and measured voltage drop U (j ⁇ ) is calculated.
  • the essence of the invention is thus the measurement of the internal resistance of a battery module or pack by means of an alternating current, rather than a direct current.
  • FIG. 3 shows typical impedance curves of three electrochemical cells as complex size with a real part "Re Z" and an imaginary part “In Z". Shown are the limits for a frequency of 0 Hz and an infinite frequency. At low frequencies, the resistance is relatively high, the impedance thus has a high real part, and shows capacitive components through the imaginary part of the impedance Z. At a resonant frequency which is typically in the range of about 500 Hz to 3 kHz, in the example of FIG at about 1kHZ, the impedance Z is purely ohmic or real and has no imaginary part. In addition, the AC resistance at this resonant frequency is minimal, typically less by a factor of about 2 to 5, than at low frequencies.
  • the measurement of the contact or connector resistances may be between any two adjacent cells or across any cells of the battery pack.
  • the method provides the excitation of the entire battery pack or module with an alternating current, in an advantageous form at the resonant frequency of the cells.
  • the total voltage of the pack is measured and subtracted the statistically determined average internal resistance of the rows R cell (j ⁇ ) at the examination frequency ⁇ .
  • R Contact j ⁇ R ges j ⁇ - R cell j ⁇ * N ,
  • the equations (3) and (4) are only a special embodiment of the equations (1) and (2), which apply to the measurement of any single cells.
  • the measurement of the entire pack is made possible, in particular, by the low resistance of the cells at the resonant frequency, since thereby statistical fluctuations of the cell resistances compared to the low-resistance connector resistors have less effect. Even when measuring over two adjacent individual cells of the known internal resistance can be subtracted. However, here the static variation of the internal resistance plays a greater role.
  • R contact / connector can be analyzed for real and imaginary parts to detect parasitic inductances or capacitances of the connection besides the ohmic resistance of the connectors.
  • the method can be used for end-of-line testing directly after mounting battery packs or battery modules.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé permettant de déterminer des résistances des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc-batterie qui est composé d'une pluralité de N éléments de batterie individuels reliés les uns aux autres, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    (S1) la mise en contact des premier et dernier éléments individuels du bloc-batterie,
    (S2) l'application sur les contacts d'un courant alternatif (I(jω)) à une fréquence d'analyse (ω), dans lequel la fréquence d'analyse (ω) est la fréquence de résonance des éléments de la batterie,
    (S3) la mesure des baisses de tension (U(jω)) entre les contacts, et
    la détermination de la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs résultant du courant appliqué (I(jω)) et de la baisse de tension mesurée (U(jω)), par les étapes suivantes :
    (S4) la détermination de la résistance de mesure (Rmess(jω)) à partir de la baisse de tension mesurée (U(jco)) et du courant appliqué (I(jω)) conformément à la loi ohmique, et
    (S5) la détermination de la somme des résistances des contacts et des connecteurs (Rkontakt/verbinder(jω)) au moyen de la soustraction de la somme de la résistance interne prédéterminée (Rzelle(jω)) des N éléments individuels à la résistance de mesure déterminée (Rmess(jω)) :
    Rkontakt/verbinder(jω) = Rmess(jω) - Rzelle(jω)*N, où la résistance ohmique (Rzelle) des N éléments sur lesquels la mesure a été effectuée est connue à l'avance.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fréquence d'analyse est comprise entre 500 Hz et 3 kHz.
  3. Programme d'ordinateur qui effectue toutes les étapes d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 lorsqu'il est exécuté sur un dispositif informatique.
  4. Système de batterie comprenant un bloc-batterie Li-ion constitué d'une pluralité d'éléments de batterie individuels, et
    un système de gestion de batterie pour batteries Li-ion, qui est conçu pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2.
  5. Véhicule automobile comportant un système de propulsion qui comprend un système de batterie selon la revendication 4.
EP10775779.1A 2009-12-18 2010-10-28 Procédé permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc-batterie et système de batterie permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc- batterie Active EP2513660B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009054937A DE102009054937A1 (de) 2009-12-18 2009-12-18 Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Kontakt- und Verbinderwiderständen in einem Batteriepack und Batteriesystem zur Ermittlung von Kontakt- und Verbinderwiderständen in einem Batteriepack
PCT/EP2010/066354 WO2011072939A1 (fr) 2009-12-18 2010-10-28 Procédé permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc-batterie et système de batterie permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc- batterie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2513660A1 EP2513660A1 (fr) 2012-10-24
EP2513660B1 true EP2513660B1 (fr) 2019-03-13

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EP10775779.1A Active EP2513660B1 (fr) 2009-12-18 2010-10-28 Procédé permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc-batterie et système de batterie permettant de déterminer la résistance des contacts et des connecteurs dans un bloc- batterie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2513660B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009054937A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011072939A1 (fr)

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DE102010031102B4 (de) 2010-07-08 2023-03-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Energiespeichers
DE102013002340A1 (de) * 2013-02-09 2014-08-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Prüfung eines Alterungszustandes eines elektrochemischen Energiespeichers
US9966584B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2018-05-08 Atieva, Inc. Bus bar for battery packs
US9041454B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-05-26 Atieva, Inc. Bias circuit for a switched capacitor level shifter
US10901019B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2021-01-26 Atieva, Inc. Method of connecting cell voltage sensors
US10063071B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-08-28 Atieva, Inc. Balance resistor and low pass filter
US10084214B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-09-25 Atieva, Inc. Automatic switchover from cell voltage to interconnect voltage monitoring
DE102013207352A1 (de) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-23 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Verfahren und Prüfgerät zum Prüfen einer Komponente einer Energiespeichereinheit
KR101397887B1 (ko) 2013-05-15 2014-05-20 주식회사 엘지씨엔에스 다수의 전지를 직렬 연결한 충방전 시스템에서의 전지접촉부 감시 장치 및 방법
CN104569591B (zh) * 2013-10-11 2019-04-26 保定钰鑫电气科技有限公司 一种单体测量模块测量蓄电池组各单体内阻的接线方法
DE102014200343B4 (de) 2014-01-10 2021-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines erhöhten Widerstands eines Zellverbinders, Verfahren zum Batteriemanagement, Computerprogramm, Batteriemanagementsystem, Batteriepack sowie Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Batteriepack
DE102014213731A1 (de) 2014-07-15 2016-01-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen des elektrischen Stroms einer Batterie mit mehreren Batteriemodulen
CN104237643B (zh) * 2014-08-28 2017-08-25 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 动力电池包内连接电阻检测方法
DE102015201920A1 (de) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Messen eines Übergangswiderstandes
EP3114491B1 (fr) * 2015-02-09 2019-10-02 Acculogic, Inc. Procédé et dispositif permettant de tester les connexions de batteries
CN105717458B (zh) * 2016-02-04 2017-06-30 惠州市蓝微新源技术有限公司 一种电池内阻的在线实时检测方法
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Publication number Publication date
EP2513660A1 (fr) 2012-10-24
WO2011072939A1 (fr) 2011-06-23
DE102009054937A1 (de) 2011-06-22

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