EP2511613A2 - Chambre de combustion de turbine à gaz dotée d'un joint pour un élément de montage - Google Patents
Chambre de combustion de turbine à gaz dotée d'un joint pour un élément de montage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2511613A2 EP2511613A2 EP12002558A EP12002558A EP2511613A2 EP 2511613 A2 EP2511613 A2 EP 2511613A2 EP 12002558 A EP12002558 A EP 12002558A EP 12002558 A EP12002558 A EP 12002558A EP 2511613 A2 EP2511613 A2 EP 2511613A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- gas turbine
- holder
- seal
- turbine combustor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/002—Wall structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
- F23N2900/05005—Mounting arrangements for sensing, detecting or measuring devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/00012—Details of sealing devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/00014—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by passive means, e.g. by Helmholtz resonators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas turbine combustion chamber with a combustion chamber head made of a metallic material, which supports a burner, and with a combustion chamber, which is made of a ceramic material, in particular a ceramic matrix reinforced with ceramic fibers (CMC).
- a combustion chamber head made of a metallic material, which supports a burner
- a combustion chamber which is made of a ceramic material, in particular a ceramic matrix reinforced with ceramic fibers (CMC).
- CMC ceramic matrix reinforced with ceramic fibers
- the invention relates to a mounting of a seal on a CMC combustion chamber, for example for a spark plug or an attachment.
- the US 6,397,603 A represents a combustion chamber, wherein a single-walled combustion chamber wall consists of a ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix (CMC) and this CMC combustion chamber wall is flexibly connected to a metallic combustion chamber head to compensate for the different thermal strains.
- CMC ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix
- the CMC material of a combustion chamber is still very intrusion-tolerant even with drastically improved properties compared to monolithic ceramics.
- the impact of a bird, other debris or a fragment of a compressor component on the CMC must therefore be prevented.
- This task is assigned to the metallic combustion chamber head.
- the necessary metallic combustion chamber head can also serve to support the combustion chamber in the engine, as in the US 6,397,603 A executed, or this task is taken over by brackets at the other end of the combustion chamber at the transition towards turbines. Regardless of the CMC combustion chamber walls are connected by correspondingly flexible solutions with the metallic head.
- WO 2010/077764 A and EP 1962018 A1 are sealed connections of acoustic dampers of different modes of action to a metallic combustion chamber shown.
- the CMC wall material can also be used in the temperature range above 1200 ° C, which would not be possible for metallic materials. Due to the high working temperature of the CMC combustion chamber wall, cooling air can be drastically saved, which can be used either to reduce the exhaust emissions or to cool other components. This cooling air saving comes off only when all leakage points of the combustion chamber are sealed. This also includes access holes for spark plugs, pressure sensors or other attachments or installations. In the following, for simplicity, only the spark plug is mentioned, since it is the most common application without neglecting the other applications. In metallic combustion chambers, the holders for the spark plug seals are usually welded to the combustion chamber wall, which also provides the flat sealing or sliding surface.
- the resulting by the different thermal expansions of the two components relative movements between the combustion chamber wall and housing, in which the spark plug is fixed, can be divided into a radial and an axial movement relative to the engine axis.
- the radial relative movement is made possible by the sliding of the spark plug in the spark plug seal and the relative axial movement by sliding the spark plug seal on the combustion chamber wall, wherein the opening in the combustion chamber wall according to the relative movement must be made larger.
- the known seal also has the shape known from metallic combustion chambers with an L- or V-shaped cross-section.
- the bore through the seal accommodates the spark plug and permits radial relative movement between the combustion chamber and the spark plug.
- the spark plug is passed through a funnel with a second, slightly smaller outer diameter to the bore without the risk of damaging the spark plug or seal. After inserting the spark plug, the seal can only slide along the axis of the spark plug and in operation, the feed funnel has no function.
- the invention has for its object to provide a gas turbine combustor of the type mentioned, which is provided with a simple and inexpensive to produce support structure for the spark plug seal and avoids the known from the prior art disadvantages.
- the invention thus provides a gas turbine combustion chamber with a combustion chamber head made of a metallic material, which supports a burner, and with a combustion chamber, which is made of a ceramic material, wherein at least one spark plug is arranged in a recess of the combustion chamber, wherein in the region of the recess a seal is arranged, which is held by means of a metallic holder radially outside the spark plug.
- the holder is web-shaped and has a recess for receiving the seal.
- the seal is preferably provided with a supply funnel for mounting the spark plug.
- the recess of the holder is dimensioned so that the feed hopper is feasible through this recess of the holder.
- the holder is according to the invention preferably attached to a metallic component, for example, on the combustion chamber head or a component which supports the combustion chamber.
- the holder can be formed in one piece with the metallic component which supports it or can be joined thereto or be connected to the component by means of a fastening element (screw or the like).
- This proximate component may be the metallic combustion chamber head or a metallic component which serves to mount the CMC combustion chamber in the metallic housings of the engine.
- the web-shaped metallic support may be integral with the other metallic component, that is, for example, the combustion chamber head, or be joined, for example, by soldering, or be attached to the other component with at least one fastener such as a screw or a rivet.
- the web-shaped holder can also be attached to the outer combustion chamber housing or to the spark plug adapter, which is mounted in the outer combustion chamber housing.
- the web-shaped support is not designed purely radial.
- it is designed for the connection to the spark plug adapter in the form of a spiral or a wave or trapezoidal carrier.
- the bore in the web-shaped metallic support is large enough to pass the (slightly smaller in diameter) feed hopper of the seal, but not the (slightly larger in diameter) standing perpendicular to the bore axis sealing collar.
- the web-shaped metallic holder is located at a distance from the combustion chamber wall. It may have a simple rectangular cross-section, in particular advantageous for a connection to the spark plug adapter, or to increase the rigidity against vibrations, a cross-section with a higher moment of inertia, for example a V-shaped cross section, in particular advantageous in a connection to the combustion chamber head.
- the flat surface necessary as a sealing surface is provided by a local thickening of the CMC combustion chamber wall, which is created during the production of the combustion chamber wall of the same material as the combustion chamber itself, the additional CMC material on the combustion chamber inside while maintaining a circular inner contour of the combustion chamber , is added within the combustion comb wall by one or more inserts or on the outside of the combustion chamber through an attachment of CMC material.
- the web-shaped metallic support serves to position the seal during assembly.
- the seal In operation, the seal is pressed by the prevailing pressure difference between the combustion chamber outside and inside the sealing surface, so a pressing mechanism as a spring in operation is not necessary.
- the seal In order to develop this sealing effect when starting the engine, the seal must be at least in the vicinity of the opening in the combustion chamber wall. Therefore, it is sufficient if the web-shaped metallic holder for the spark plug seal, the seal with a few millimeters of play positioned on the spark plug opening in the combustion chamber wall.
- the web-shaped metallic support must not be in contact with the ceramic combustion chamber wall because the thermal expansion coefficients of metal and CMC differ drastically. If the web-shaped metallic holder would rest on the CMC combustion chamber in the cold state or have too little clearance, there would be a risk that the forces resulting from thermal distortion damage the holder or the combustion chamber. In addition, the CMC combustion chamber is in operation at very high temperatures, which could damage the web-shaped metallic support. In addition, the cooling air for the combustion chamber wall must have free access to the cooling air openings located in the CMC combustion chamber wall even below the web-shaped metallic support in order to fulfill its task.
- the invention is applicable both to annular combustion chambers and also to tube combustion chambers with CMC combustion chamber walls.
- the gas turbine engine 10 is an example of a turbomachine to which the invention may find application. However, it will be understood from the following that the invention can be used with other turbomachinery as well.
- the engine 10 is conventionally formed and includes in the flow direction one after another an air inlet 11, a fan 12 circulating in a housing, an intermediate pressure compressor 13, a high pressure compressor 14, combustion chambers 15, a high pressure turbine 16, an intermediate pressure turbine 17 and a low pressure turbine 18 and an exhaust nozzle 19, which are all arranged around a central engine axis 1.
- the intermediate pressure compressor 13 and the high pressure compressor 14 each include a plurality of stages, each of which includes a circumferentially extending array of fixed stationary vanes 20, commonly referred to as stator vanes, that radially inwardly from the engine casing 21 in an annular flow passage through the compressors 13, 14 protrude.
- the compressors further include an array of compressor blades 22 projecting radially outwardly from a rotatable drum or disc 26 coupled to hubs 27 of the high pressure turbine 16 and the intermediate pressure turbine 17, respectively.
- the turbine sections 16, 17, 18 have similar stages, comprising an array of fixed vanes 23 projecting radially inward from the housing 21 into the annular flow passage through the turbines 16, 17, 18, and a downstream array of turbine blades 24 projecting outwardly from a rotatable hub 27.
- the compressor drum or compressor disk 26 and the vanes 22 disposed thereon and the turbine rotor hub 27 and the turbine blades 24 disposed thereon rotate about the engine axis 1 during operation.
- Fig. 2 to 4 show in axial section view respectively simplified representations of embodiments according to the invention.
- Fig. 5a shows a 3D view of the device according to the invention and the Fig. 5b a 3D cut through the device.
- a combustion chamber 107 comprises a CMC combustion chamber wall. Downstream of the combustion chamber 107, a burner 104 is arranged with an arm and a head which is supported by means of a metallic combustion chamber head 105. The supply of the flow via compressor outlet blades 101. The entire assembly is a combustion chamber outer casing 102 and a combustion chamber inner housing 105 is arranged.
- the reference numeral 106 shows a combustion chamber holder, for example by means of three circumferentially distributed pins. Downstream of the combustor 107, turbine inlet blades 108 are disposed.
- the figures each show a spark plug 109, which is sealed by means of a spark plug seal (seal) 110.
- the spark plug is using a Spark plug adapter 112 is mounted, which is fixed to the combustion chamber outer housing 102.
- a metallic web-shaped holder 111 is provided, which holds the spark plug seal.
- the Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which the metallic web-shaped holder 110 is attached to the metallic combustion chamber head 105.
- the metallic web-shaped holder 111 is held on the outer combustion chamber housing 102 and a spark plug adapter 112, respectively.
- the metallic web-shaped support 111 according to the in Fig. 3 embodiment shown is designed so that a radial relative movement is possible.
- the shows Fig. 3 a feed hopper 113, which serves to insert the spark plug 109.
- the metallic web-shaped holder is angled and mounted on the spark plug adapter 112 and the combustion chamber outer housing 102.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011016917A DE102011016917A1 (de) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Gasturbinenbrennkammer mit einer Halterung einer Dichtung für ein Anbauteil |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2511613A2 true EP2511613A2 (fr) | 2012-10-17 |
EP2511613A3 EP2511613A3 (fr) | 2015-01-21 |
Family
ID=45977130
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12002558.0A Withdrawn EP2511613A3 (fr) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-04-11 | Chambre de combustion de turbine à gaz dotée d'un joint pour un élément de montage |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8677765B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2511613A3 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102011016917A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2511563A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | A combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly and a method of manufacturing a combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly |
EP2938865A4 (fr) * | 2012-12-29 | 2016-01-13 | United Technologies Corp | Retenue de composants par une sonde |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014214775A1 (de) | 2014-07-28 | 2016-01-28 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Fluggasturbine mit einer Dichtung zur Abdichtung einer Zündkerze an der Brennkammerwand einer Gasturbine |
US20170176004A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Combustor floating collar assembly |
US11125436B2 (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2021-09-21 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Combustor floating collar mounting arrangement |
FR3109430B1 (fr) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-12-02 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Bougie pour chambre de combustion monobloc |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6397603B1 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2002-06-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Conbustor having a ceramic matrix composite liner |
JP2006010193A (ja) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-12 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | ガスタービン燃焼器 |
GB2432198A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-16 | Rolls Royce Plc | A sealing arrangement |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3910036A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1975-10-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Igniter installation for combustor with ceramic liner |
US3922851A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1975-12-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Combustor liner support |
US3911672A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1975-10-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Combustor with ceramic liner |
US4237389A (en) | 1978-09-01 | 1980-12-02 | Trw Inc. | Charge coupled device channel crossover circuit |
JP2726922B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-21 | 1998-03-11 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | ガスタービン用燃焼器 |
US6438940B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2002-08-27 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for providing uniform ignition in an augmenter |
JP3478531B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-21 | 2003-12-15 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | ガスタービンのセラミック部品支持構造 |
GB2396687A (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-30 | Rolls Royce Plc | Helmholtz resonator for combustion chamber use |
US6993960B2 (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2006-02-07 | Woodward Governor Company | Method and apparatus for detecting combustion instability in continuous combustion systems |
US6920762B2 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2005-07-26 | General Electric Company | Mounting assembly for igniter in a gas turbine engine combustor having a ceramic matrix composite liner |
FR2856466B1 (fr) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-08-26 | Snecma Moteurs | Dispositif d'etancheite de bougie non soude sur la paroi de chambre |
US7237389B2 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2007-07-03 | Siemens Power Generation, Inc. | Attachment system for ceramic combustor liner |
US7762076B2 (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2010-07-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Attachment of a ceramic combustor can |
US8567197B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2013-10-29 | General Electric Company | Acoustic damper |
US8522560B2 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2013-09-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel-cooled heat exchanger with thermoelectric device compression |
-
2011
- 2011-04-13 DE DE102011016917A patent/DE102011016917A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-11 US US13/444,284 patent/US8677765B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-04-11 EP EP12002558.0A patent/EP2511613A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6397603B1 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2002-06-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Conbustor having a ceramic matrix composite liner |
JP2006010193A (ja) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-12 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | ガスタービン燃焼器 |
GB2432198A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-16 | Rolls Royce Plc | A sealing arrangement |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2938865A4 (fr) * | 2012-12-29 | 2016-01-13 | United Technologies Corp | Retenue de composants par une sonde |
US9863261B2 (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2018-01-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Component retention with probe |
GB2511563A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | A combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly and a method of manufacturing a combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly |
GB2511563B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2015-06-24 | Rolls Royce Plc | A combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly and a method of manufacturing a combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly |
US9562474B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2017-02-07 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly and a method of manufacturing a combustion chamber heat shield and seal assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2511613A3 (fr) | 2015-01-21 |
US8677765B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
US20130055716A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
DE102011016917A1 (de) | 2012-10-18 |
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