EP2507030A2

EP2507030A2 - Method and device for producing a fibre-reinforced material

Info

Publication number: EP2507030A2
Application number: EP10788011A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Richard Brüssel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-12-02
Filing date: 2010-11-24
Publication date: 2012-10-10
Also published as: DE102009056653A1; WO2011066917A2; WO2011066917A3

Abstract

In order to produce a fibre-reinforced material, a single-screw machine has a fibre strand feed and impregnating zone (7), to which at least one fibre strand (17), together with prepared matrix material, is fed for impregnation of the fibre strands. The at least one fibre strand (17) is fed to the fibre strand feed and impregnating zone (7) at a speed that is less than the circumferential speed of the worm screw outer diameter in the fibre strand feed and impregnating zone (7).

Description

Method and device for producing a

fiber reinforced mass

From DE 198 36 787 AI it is known that in a

Twin-screw extruder of the fiber strand is fed via coating nozzles into the feed opening of the extruder. In the

Feed opening takes place on a flat side of the

Fibers, the application of a liquid plastic film from a coating die directly, while on the second flat side, the application indirectly by pressing the

Fiber strands in the previously from a second

Coating nozzle applied to the worm shaft

liquid plastic film takes place. In this case, the fiber strand within a collection and impregnation with the

single endless fibers to the extruder shafts by rubbing or wetted on both flat sides wetted with the liquid plastic films. Then the with

Plastic impregnated single fibers or the

Fiber strand passed over a cutting edge and this cut into largely predetermined lengths. In the

Feed opening of the plasticizing extruder are the

Fiber strands preferably parallel to the extruder axes and approximately tangential to an extruder shaft and the

Extruder shafts vorvorend wound as well as in

Cylinder bores of diameter increased by at least 4 times the thickness of the fiber strand enlarged worm cylinder.

The quality of the fiber-reinforced plastic leaves to be desired, since the fiber length structure to no optimal Value characteristics and the fiber impregnation quality does not lead to flawless surface quality. With good

Material characteristics, ie long fibers, suffers the

Surface quality and for a good surface quality, the fibers must be re-impregnated in a shearing force intensive mixing area, under which the fiber length suffers extremely.

From DE 4236662 C2 a device for the production of molded parts made of plasticizable material with fibrous inserts is known. In this case, a single-screw extruder is used with interchangeable insertable in the housing Fasereinzugstutzen, each feeder channel is assigned a fiber strand. The feeder channel is about one in the direction of rotation

Embracing quarter turn. Although it is stated that the fiber strand is divided, but not described how to work.

From DE 100 66 145 B4 is a method for operating a

Injection molding machine with continuous working

Plasticizing known. The pressure in the

Melt reservoir so also the pressure in the

Dosing volume space remain constant. If during the

Transfer process, the plasticizing screw continues to work while keeping material in the constant

Volume promotes inevitably the pressure in it must rise. With a correspondingly long refilling time, an inadmissibly high pressure can arise. In a single screw

This would not make a fiber insertion procedure

lead to acceptable procedural interference.

The object of the invention is to obtain a fiber-reinforced mass, which has both optimal Wertstoffkennzahlen as a flawless surface quality. This is inventively with the in claim 1

characterized marked method, which is formed by the claims 2 to 11 in an advantageous manner. In claim 12, a preferred single-screw machine for carrying out the method according to the invention is reproduced and in the

Claims 13 to 30 advantageous developments of

Single-screw machine according to the invention.

According to the invention, the quality of the

fiber reinforced mass uses a single-screw fiber incorporation process. This will be a

Einschneckenmaschine used in the Faserstrangzufunrund -impregnated area, the gap between

External screw shaft diameter and screw housing is increased so that the fiber strands between screw flight and screw housing are not crushed and remain overwhelmingly multiple wraps around the worm shaft for impregnation endless.

In order to achieve a steady feed rate of the fiber strand, the fiber strand is preferably supplied powered holding. For this purpose, the fiber strand is withdrawn for example from a supply reel with a drive, which may have a drive roller and a counter-pressure roller pressed against the drive roller, wherein the fiber strand is passed through the nip between the two rollers. By the pressure of the counter-pressure roller of the fiber strand

detained, d. H. it can not be withdrawn faster than the rotational speed of the drive roller allows, even if the worm shaft about which the endless fiber strand is wound revolves at a higher peripheral speed.

For the drive of the fiber strands can manifold

Versions are used, which with large Umschlingungswinkel and / or with Reibwertvergrößerung etc. are suitable that the holding force of the fiber strands is greater than the pulling-in force of the screw.

In order to obtain the required fiber strand impregnation, the fiber strand with a selectable or controllable

Feeding speed to the peripheral speed of

Worm shaft outer diameter, wherein this speed is smaller than the peripheral speed of the worm shaft outer diameter. With this

Differential speed is achieved that the endless

Fiber strand is impregnated without entrapment effect by the screw flights in a kind Auskämmfunktion with the matrix material and thus the disturbing

Impregnation of a fiber strand twist is reduced, for example, in coils with internal deduction, so that the

Impregnation quality can be optimized. Another

Impregnation improvement is achieved with torsion-free fiber strands, for example with a rotating coil with external trigger or with specially wound coils for torsion-free internal withdrawal.

To the processed matrix material the fiber strands

to supply advantageous, the matrix material of

Worm shaft are supplied with a matrix material distributor in the form of a slot nozzle or a nozzle row. Thus, the matrix material is distributed proportionally to the side by side supplied fiber strands.

After the substantially endless fiber strands have been impregnated, a pre-division of the fiber strands is preferably carried out with a reduced gap between the worm shaft and the worm shaft housing. This is done partly on a preceding Vorzerteilkante and partly rubbing in one Print on auzone. By means of the pressure build-up zone, the mass is then conveyed through the fiber mixing and dividing zone, which is designed so that the desired fiber length structure / fiber length distribution is achieved.

With the performance data of the fiber reinforced mass, the

Baffle geometry of the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung and the material data, the resulting fiber structure when flowing through the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung can be largely predetermined.

Conversely, for the desired fiber structure the

Baffle geometry of the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung be determined. This will with the least possible

Short-length resistance specifically preserves the desired fiber structure and prevents overly long fiber strands

slip through. For this purpose, the baffle channel part, so for example provided with the passageways

Biking sleeve or the chicane elements opposite the

Secure the worm shaft housing against rotation. This can be done in a fixed fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung in the extruder use frictional and / or positive or positive locking with low longitudinal mobility.

In a longitudinally movable worm shaft, for example, a cyclically operating injection molding this becomes

Guaranteed positive engagement over the outer geometry of the baffle sleeve or the chicane elements.

For this purpose, in the worm shaft housing over the Dosierhublänge the corresponding geometry for displaceability of

Baffle or the chicane elements are provided. In the screw-shaped diameter for the longitudinally movable Dosierhub worm shaft, the fiber mixing and - dividing device at the same time as Rückströmsperre for the

Be formed injection process.

In a continuous mass strand discharge by means of fixed or manually or servo-adjustable nozzles it is

advantageous that after the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung still an additional pressure build-up zone is provided to reduce the material pressure in the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung at high resistance of the extrusion die.

Next, it is advantageous that in the cyclic

Working with screw extension to prepare the matrix material, an impregnation start dosage is used. This has the advantage that, if the discharge pressure in the matrix material processing degrades at the time of the cycle stop, matrix material immediately starts to be used for the next cycle start

Fiber strand impregnation is available until the pressure in the matrix material treatment zone has rebuilt after a few screw revolutions.

Furthermore, the invention proposes that during the cyclic injection molding process between the metering volume accumulator and the injection nozzle, a repressurization metering is used together with a shut-off device in the injection channel. For this purpose, the Nachdruckdosierung is provided with a Nachdruckspeicher, which is parallel to the injection process and / or the end of

Injection is filled with fiber reinforced mass, with the obturator of the injection channel between the

Dosagevolumenspeicher and the backup accumulator is shut off. Thus, the emphasis phase independent of the

Connection to the dosing volume memory expire. The new filling of the dosing volume memory can thus already starting from the pressure independent of pressure. As a result, a larger dosing volume can be filled in the material processing for a longer time available

or it may reach a shorter cycle time or the

Matter mass be treated more gently.

The dreaded material deposits on Dosierkolbenende is countered by the fact that at the beginning of the recent

Injection process possible residual material in the

Reprint memory from the previous cycle in the

is metered new cycle so that the piston end is flushed free as injection port limitation and only then the new dosing material for the Nachdruckdosierung is added. This pressurized dosing technology is also suitable for masses that are not fiber reinforced.

The single-screw fiber incorporation process according to the invention is preferably carried out with a

Injection unit performed. For this purpose, the worm shaft and the worm shaft housing for the pressure build-up in

Advantageously, the fiber region in the matrix material treatment zone and the matrix material filling opening is lengthened by the metering stroke of the worm shaft. Advantageously, in the case of a larger metering stroke, the matrix material transfer should not be effected by overflowing in the screw region but by means of a dewatering between the matrix material treatment zone and the fiber strand supply and impregnation zone with a cascade

Matrix material collector and a matrix material distributor of Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation zone are supplied.

A gravimetric matrix material dosage has the advantage that the fiber content in the fiber-reinforced mass can be controlled precisely. An accompanying with the Dosierhub gravimetric Matrixmaterialzuführeinrichtung, at around the Dosierhub extended filling, has the advantage that a lump-free partially filled screw filling after the injection stroke ensures a more uniform impregnating material dosing for fiber strand impregnation.

A volumetric matrix material supply in which the screw is always filled to the maximum has the disadvantage that no narrow fiber fraction control is possible. The extension for the worm shaft and the housing in the

However, matrix material feed area is saved here.

Further, it is advantageous that the injection stroke the

Fiber strands with the fiber strand drive and / or the

Fiber strand gate to be tracked. For this purpose, the fiber strand feed opening in the worm shaft housing is advantageous

extended downstream in worm shaft longitudinal direction.

Supporting measures, such as impregnation starting dosage,

Injection dosing with injection channel shut-off, a separate matrix material processing unit instead of the extended matrix material treatment zone can be used.

In addition, an injection molding unit with a cyclically operating extruder can be used for an injection molding machine. This has the advantage that the worm shaft for

The worm shaft housing does not have to move as an injection piston. This is for the pressure build-up in the fiber area, in

Preparation area of the matrix material and in the

Matrix material addition no dosing stroke extension required. This also has advantages in the fiber strand feed, because the fiber strands need not be tracked for the injection stroke. Another advantage is that for the

Dosing volume storage a larger diameter than the

Worm shaft diameter can be used. The Dosiervolumenspeichergehäuse is arranged axially in front of the housing of the Einschneckenaggregates and an injection piston with centric flow channel and injector forms the

opposite bottom to the snail tip. The injection stroke is completed by the single-screw fiber incorporation unit with all possible variants of

Matrix treatment facilities. All supporting

Elements such as impregnation start dosage, repressurization, etc. are also usable.

Next, the inventive method in a

Injection molding unit can be performed with continuously operating extruder. For this purpose, the injection molding unit with cyclically operating extruder with an injection unit with

Injection molding in the injection cylinder extended. Thus, the Dosiervolumenspeichergehäuse, which in axial

Extension downstream of the single-screw machine is used as a buffer used to continue to work pressure-decoupled during the injection and holding pressure. For this purpose, the double piston with centric flow channel between buffer and

Injection molding can be closed with a shut-off device. The injection molding cylinder has at its fixed bottom a central injection channel with attached spray nozzle. A shut-off in this spray channel allows the cycle even without being docked to the injection mold or the cyclic lifting of the mold.

After the injection and holding pressure time is advantageous in pressure equalization to the buffer and open

Shut-off valve between the two memories by means of a

Shifting stroke the material from the buffer in the

Transferring injection molding storage. After the filling of the injection molding with ever-continuing extruder the shut-off valve between the two memories is closed and the continuous

Flow rate promotes until the new

Material transfer back to the buffer. It is advantageous that a control algorithm adapts the continuous flow rate flow to the cyclic fuel injection process and uses part of the buffer for this purpose.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for the material transfer, the two required actuators the start-transfer volume from both memories to the continuously operating

Adjust volume by volume and the accumulator pressure and / or the pressure or the force of the actuators serve as additional monitoring.

The matrix material may be a thermoset or

thermoplastic resin, a resin, a mixture of plastics or resins with additives and / or fillers, a metal or a metal mixture, also with a

Aggregate, or be a ceramic material.

The fiber strand may consist of glass fibers, basalt fibers,

Carbon fibers, chemical fibers, natural fibers, ceramic fibers, metal fibers or suitable mixtures thereof

consist of fiber types mentioned. The fiber-reinforced material emerging from the extrusion nozzle can, for example in the case of a thermoplastic as matrix material, be a plasticate or, for example, in the case of a metal as matrix material, a melt or, for example, in the case of thermosetting plastics

Resins should be a pasty mass.

The single-screw machine can be heated, for example, in the case of a thermoplastic or a metal as a matrix material and for example in the case of a thermoset as

Matrix material formed tempered.

The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an extruder

trained single-screw machine in longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is a cross-section through the machine along the line II-II in Figure 1;

Figure 3A and 3B is an enlarged view of the fiber mixing and dividing device of the machine of Figure 1 in longitudinal section and in the cross section of the line III-III as

Functional representation;

FIG. 4A shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a single-screw extruder;

FIG. 4B shows a variant of the single-screw extruder according to FIG. 4A;

Figures 5 and 6 are each a longitudinal section through a

Single-screw extruder according to FIGS. 1 and 2, as a variant in the matrix material transfer for fiber-strand impregnation;

FIGS. 7A and 7B each show a longitudinal section through a single-shaft machine designed as an injection molding unit, after or before injection;

FIG. 7C shows a longitudinal section through a single-shaft machine in the form of an injection molding unit after injection, in which, unlike FIGS. 7A and 7B, the part of FIG Matrix material preparation as a separate

Matrix material processing unit is formed.

FIGS. 8A and 8B each show a variant of the injection molding unit according to FIGS. 7A and 7B with post-pressure metering and impregnation starting metering;

9A and 9B each show a longitudinal section through a

Injection molding unit with cyclically operating extruder before filling the metering volume chamber (Figure 9A) and with filled metering volume chamber (Figure 9B);

Figures 9C and 9D correspond to Figures 9A and 9B

Longitudinal sections, but without an injection molding unit

Reproduction dosage;

Figure 10A and 10B is a longitudinal section through another

Embodiment of an injection molding unit with a continuously operating extruder with a filled injection molding before injection (Figure 10A) and after the Nachdruckphase before filling the injection molding (Figure 10B);

Figure IIA and IIB is a longitudinal section through the Fasermisch- and -zerteileinrichtung with actively switched Rückström-Sperrhub according to Figures 3A and 3B;

Figure 12A and 12B is a longitudinal section through a

Embodiment of the fiber mixing and -Zerteilerteil with non-return valve on a longitudinally displaceable worm shaft;

FIGS. 13A and 13B show another embodiment of the fiber mixing and dividing device with end shear surfaces in FIG

Longitudinal section (Figure 13A) and a development along the line XIII-XIII as a functional representation (Figure 13B); and Figure 14 shows an embodiment of the fiber strand feed with rotatably mounted coils for the torsion-free

Fiber strand feeder, with measuring wheel, dancer and automatic fiber strand connecting device.

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a single-screw machine designed as an extruder is mounted on a machine frame 1.

The single-screw machine has a worm shaft 4 in a worm shaft housing 3, which is driven by a drive 5

is driven.

The single-screw machine has a

Matrix material treatment zone 6, a Faserstrangzufuhr- un -impregnation 7, a pressure build-up zone 8 and a fiber mixing and -zerteilzone 9 and an extrusion die 10 for the fiber reinforced mass 12 on.

In the matrix material treatment zone 6 is the

Auger housing 3 on the conveyor side with a

Filling opening 13 provided on the matrix material 14 as granules of a matrix material adding device 15th

is supplied, which is advantageously formed gravimetrically, but may also be volumetric.

The screw in the material treatment zone 6 is a single or multiple-pass three-zone screw with

Feeding zone 6a, compression zone 6b and metering zone 6c, wherein the processed matrix material from the metering zone 6c with the low flight depth 41 in the Faserzufuhr- and

Impregnation zone 7 for fiber impregnation overflowed. However, it may also be a barrier screw or other suitable screw configuration for processing the matrix material.

In the screw housing 3, a feed opening 16 extending in the longitudinal direction of the screw shaft 16 is provided in the fiber strand supply and impregnation zone 7 for a plurality of fiber strands 17 which are fed via a fiber strand gate 18. The fiber strand gate 18 holds the fiber strands 17 in the respective feed track, with one through the

Double arrow 20 shown Oszillierbewegung of

Fiber strand gate 18, the supply track of the fiber strands 17 can be stabilized.

The fiber strands 17 are drawn off according to Figure 1 and 2 of coils 19 with internal trigger and pass one

Fiber strand drive 21. The fiber strand drive 21 has a drive roller 22 driven by a motor 21a and a counterpressure roller 23 pressed against the drive roller 22. The pressure of the counter-pressure roller 23 against the drive roller 22 can be adjusted by an adjusting device 30. The fiber strand feed opening 16 runs tangentially to the

Worm shaft 4.

The frame 24 of the fiber strand drive 21 is the

Assembled worm shaft housing 3

The fiber strands 17 are passed through the nip between the drive roller 22 and the platen roller 23. In this case, the fiber strands 17 by the pressure of

Counterpressure roller 23 held, ie they can not be withdrawn faster than with the peripheral speed of the drive roller 22, even if the worm shaft 4 wrapped around the fiber strand section 25 (Figure 2) due to a higher peripheral speed of the outer diameter of the Worm shaft 4 pulls on the fiber strands 17. The feeding speed of the fiber strands 17 to the

Worm shaft 4 is thus alone by the

Circumferential speed of the drive shaft 22 determined.

The matrix material 14 supplied via the filling opening 13 is processed in the matrix material treatment zone 6. In the case of a thermoplastic as a matrix material is the worm shaft housing 3 in the

Matrix material treatment zone 6 is heated so that the

Matrix material is melted.

The prepared or melted matrix material is supplied according to Figure 1 with the screw shaft 4 of the Faserstrangzufunrund impregnation 7, in which, in contrast to the matrix material processing zone 6, the inner diameter of the screw shaft housing 3 is greater than the outer diameter of the screw shaft 4. That is, the gap between

Housing inner diameter and outer diameter of the screw is significantly larger in zone 7 than in zone 6.

According to Figure 2, the endless fiber strand section 25, which the worm shaft 4 with the screw web 26th

wrapped, from the rotating worm shaft 4 in the

Screw shaft housing 3 fed and thus with the

prepared or melted matrix material

impregnated.

The feed rate of the fiber strands 17 is determined by the peripheral speed of the drive roller 22. In order to increase the impregnation effect, the peripheral speed of the screw flights 26, that is the

Worm shaft outer diameter, greater than that predetermined by the motor 21a of the fiber strand drive 21 Fiber strand feed rate. That is, the

Feeding speed of the fiber strands 17 is smaller than the peripheral speed of the external auger shaft diameter in the zone 7.

This is namely the fiber strand 17 in the

Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation 7 laid flat with the individual endless fibers on the screw shaft 4 and the flat-laid fiber strand portion 25 in this way by inserting and drench impregnated with the matrix material.

In the pressure buildup zone 8, the gap between the

Inner diameter of the worm shaft housing 3 and the

Worm shaft opposite the Faserstrangzufuhr- and

Impregnation zone 7 reduced. At the the Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation 7 facing conveyor-end of the

Pressure build-up zone 8 is a fiber strand Vorzerteilkante 27 is provided. Depending on the size of the gap between the inner diameter of the worm shaft housing 3 and the worm shaft outer diameter, the impregnated

Fiber strands and pre-divided impregnated fiber strand pieces are partially crushed until they are conveyed by the screw shaft 4 to the fiber mixing and -zerteilzone 9.

Via the screw tip 28, the fiber-reinforced mass 12 is then discharged through the extrusion die 10 as a strand 29.

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 3A and 3B, a baffle sleeve 31 is arranged in the fiber mixing and dividing device 9b on the inside of the worm shaft housing 3, which is provided with baffle channels 32. Of the

Inner diameter of the sleeve 31 corresponds to the

Outer diameter of the worm shaft 4 in the pressure build-up zone eighth Each baffle channel 32 is provided with an inlet opening 33, with an entry angle E in the radial and axial direction, for entry of the impregnated partially pre-divided and / or ground fiber strand 17 and has delivery downstream of the inlet opening 33, with an exit angle A in the radial and axial directions, an outlet opening 34, through which the impregnated fiber strand 17 again at the

Inside the baffle sleeve 31 exits.

Further, on the worm shaft 4 lock washers 35 between the inlet opening 33 and the outlet opening 34 of the

Baffle channels 32 are provided which have a the inner diameter of the baffle sleeve 31 corresponding outer diameter and thus form barriers, so that the impregnated

Fiber strand 17 must flow through the chicanes 32. The screw flights 26 or webs 26b of the circulating

Worm shaft 4 thus divide the impregnated fiber strand at the edges of the inlet openings 33 and the

Outlet openings 34 to a predetermined length distribution.

That is, by the inner peripheral surface of the baffle sleeve 31 are circumferentially extending, rotatably with the

Worm shaft housing 3 formed shear surfaces, which arranged with the circumference of the worm shaft 4

Shearing surfaces, namely on the webs 26b or screw flights 26, for dividing the impregnated fiber strands 17 and

Mixing the divided impregnated fiber strands

interact.

The baffled sleeve 31 is designed with at least one bullying stage, which consists of baffle channel 32 with inlet opening 33 and outlet opening 34 and the associated

Locking disk 35 is made. The embodiment of the single-screw machine according to FIG. 4A differs from that according to FIGS. 1 to 3 essentially in that, instead of the matrix material treatment zone 6 with filling opening 13 according to FIG

Drawing not shown

Matrix material processing unit or metering device is provided, from which the processed matrix material according to the arrow 36 is supplied to a provided in the Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation 7 matrix material distributor 37. However, the matrix material distributor 37 is not in the lower region of the worm shaft housing 3

arranged as shown in Figure 4A, but advantageously in the upper region as shown in Figure 2.

The matrix material distributor 37 is formed by a longitudinal channel 38 in the worm shaft housing 3, from which radial bores with nozzles 39 offset in the longitudinal direction of the worm shaft 4 extend into the interior of the worm shaft housing 3 in the fiber strand supply and impregnation zone 7.

The single-screw machine according to FIG. 4B additionally has a conveying element 28a between the screw tip 28 and the delivery-side end of the fiber mixing and dividing device 9b in order to control the delivery pressure with a high nozzle resistance

build.

The embodiment of the single-shaft machine according to FIG. 5

differs from that according to FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially in that the matrix material treatment zone 6 is separated from the fiber strand supply and impregnation zone 7 by a spacing ring 43 on the worm shaft 4. The processed matrix material is characterized by a

Radial bore 44 in the housing 3 a

Matrix material distributor 37 is supplied to the

Matrix material distributor 37 according to FIG. 4 corresponds, ie has a longitudinal channel 38 with a row of nozzles 39.

Since the cyclic operation of the single-screw machine at

Worm shaft stop the delivery pressure on the

Matrix material is degraded, at recent

Cycle start in the initial phase only a few rotations of the worm shaft 4 is required to the discharge pressure on the

recycled matrix material and feed over the matrix material distributor 37 of the fiber impregnation. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, therefore, an impregnation start dosage 45 for the supply of

Matrix material provided in the Faserstrangzufuhr- and impregnation 7. This will make the formation of a faulty

fiber reinforced mass at the beginning of the cycle prevented.

According to Figure 6 is designed as a cylinder

Matrix material receiving chamber 46 is provided, the opening of which opens into the longitudinal channel 38 of the matrix material distributor 37. In the matrix material receiving chamber 46, a piston 47, according to the double arrow 47a as an adjusting device, displaceable

stored.

Further, in the radial bore 44 is a shut-off device

arranged, which is designed as a check valve 48 or actively switchable valve, so a backflow of the

Matrix material from the Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation 7 into the matrix material treatment zone 6 during the

Start dosage prevents. During operation of the single-screw machine of Figure 6, the piston 47 is moved back, so that the

Matrix material receiving chamber 46 fills with matrix material. Now, if the single-screw machine starts again after the injection cycle to dose new plasticate, the stored matrix material is used immediately with the piston 47

Fiber impregnation pressed out. In this case closes due to the pressure difference, the check valve 48 so this

Material of fiber impregnation is available. If after a few turns of the worm shaft 4, the

Rebuilt matrix material pressure and the piston 47 has pushed out the stored material, the check valve 48 opens by the pressure difference and the

Matrix material supply takes place via the worm shaft 4. At the same time, a portion of this melt stream is branched off again into the matrix material receiving chamber 46, so that material is available for the next start. By means of a control algorithm and material pressure sensors is achieved that the impregnating material flow has a high uniformity and the receiving volume for the impregnation start dosing 45 only the size of the supply delay of

Auger conveyor corresponds.

According to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the single-shaft machine is known as

Injection molding unit formed, which has a longitudinally displaceable worm shaft 4, one extended by the metering D

Matrix material treatment zone 6, a formed with a Abstauring 43 dew between the

Matrix material treatment zone 6 and the Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation 7, a cascade

Matrix material collector 49, a matrix material distributor 37 in the Faserzufuhr- and -impregnation zone 7, the

Faserstrangvorzerteilkante edge 27, one to the Dosierhub D

extended pressure build-up zone 8, the fiber blending and -Zerteilzone with Rückströmsperre 9a and a

Dosiervolumenkammer or injection space 51 between the

Spray channel IIa with the spray nozzle 11 and the

Worm shaft tip 28 has.

With an adjusting device 91, which between the

Closing unit 2 with the (not shown) mold and the housing slide 3a is provided, the

Spray nozzle 11 with the injection channel IIa on the mold

docked. The housing slide 3a is mounted on the frame 1. With an adjusting device 92, which is provided between the housing slide 3a and the drive slide 5a, the metering stroke D or the variable Dosierhub V is carried out, wherein the Dosierhub D shown the

Design dosing of the injection molding unit represents. The drive carriage 5a is mounted on the housing slide 3a.

In the course of the dosing process, the fiber-reinforced mass in the dosing volume chamber 51 is jammed (FIG. 7B), as a result of which the worm shaft 4 shifts by the variable dosing stroke V in the direction of the filling opening 13 with the adjusting device 92.

When the metering volume chamber 51 is filled with fiber-reinforced mass (FIG. 7B), the injection process can be carried out. For this purpose, the worm shaft 4 with the

Actuator 92 moves axially toward the spray nozzle 11, wherein the baffle sleeve 31 forms the Rückströmsperre (Figure 7A), which prevents injection of material from the space 51 back into the screw region. A detailed

Description of this fiber mixing and dividing device with backstop 9c is described below with reference to FIGS. 12A and 12B.

The embodiment according to FIG. 7C differs from that according to FIGS. 7A and 7B primarily in that the part of FIG Matrix material processing by a separate, not

formed matrix material processing unit, from which the processed matrix material according to the arrow 36 is supplied.

The cascaded material collector 49 according to FIGS. 7A and 7B has three longitudinally displaced worm shaft 4

Radial holes 44, each with a check valve 48, so when moving the worm shaft 4 in the direction

Filling opening 13, the processed matrix material always in the conveying upstream region of the Abstaurings 43 to

Matrix material distributor 37 is passed. The traversed radial bore 44 closes with the associated check valve 48 because the pressure in the longitudinal channel 38 is greater than the pressure of the screw portion of the downstream side of the Abstauringes 43 (Figure 8B). The matrix material distributor is constructed according to the figure 5, wherein in the

Embodiment of Figure 8A and 8B also a

Impregnation starting metering 45 is provided according to Figure 6.

As can be seen from FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B, the injection molding unit has one corresponding to the metering stroke D.

extended filling opening 33 in order to take advantage of a gravimetric dosing 42 for a partially filled screw advantageous.

If working with volumetric dosing is omitted, the extension of the filling opening, with the disadvantage that no fine fiber content control is possible.

The injection molding unit according to FIGS. 8A and 8B also has a pressurized dosage 70, which is integrated in the injection channel IIa. The Nachdruckdosierung 70 consists of the The double arrow 73a represents the adjusting unit for the piston 73 with the material-side piston end 73b. At the beginning of the injection (FIG. 8B), it is advantageous to use the stopper 73

Piston end 73b of residual material the previous cycle

rinsed free and then added the required Nachdruckdosiervolumen in the Aufnähmekammer 72. After injecting and filling the chamber 72 is maintained while maintaining the

Injection pressure the shut-off valve 71 is closed (Figure 8A) and carried out with the piston 73, the Nachdruckprogramm.

At the same time, the adjusting device 92 the pressure in

Reduce metering volume 51 and the new filling of the dosing volume 51 can begin pressure-independent during the holding pressure phase.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 9A and 9B differs from that according to FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B substantially in that instead of a longitudinally displaceable one

Worm shaft 4 for forming the Dosiervolumenkammer or injection chamber 51, the end of the worm shaft housing 3 by a on the inside of the housing 3 axially

slidably mounted piston 74 is closed, which is provided with the injection channel IIa and the spray nozzle 11. That is, the single-screw machine is considered cyclic

Extruder is used. Since the worm shaft 4 in

Procedure is not or only shifted by the Rückströmsperrhub S, is as a material collector only one

Radial bore 44 or when using an impregnation start metering a radial bore 44 with check valve 48 necessary and the filling opening 13 does not need to be extended.

It can also be the version with overcurrents of

Matrix material and / or the volumetric dosage can be used. With the adjusting device 91 for the Andockhub the

Injection device to the (not shown)

Mold, which is provided here between the clamping unit 2 and the injection piston slide 81 a, is the

Spray channel IIa with the spray nozzle 11 is docked to the mold. The injection piston slide 81 a is slidably mounted on the frame 1. In the embodiment shown, the pressurized dosing 70 is integrated in the injection channel IIa, as described in FIGS. 8A and 8B.

With the adjusting device 92 for the metering or injection stroke, which is provided here between the injection piston slide 81a and the housing slide 3a, the metering stroke D or the variable metering stroke V is performed. The housing slide 3a is slidably mounted on the injection piston slide 81a.

In FIGS. 9A and 9B, the bullying sleeve 31 is the

Fasermisch- and -Zerteileinrichtung 9b against rotation firmly installed. In this embodiment, the Rückströmsperre a Rückströmsperrhülse 9d is provided between the screw tip 28 and the förderabseitigem end of the baffle sleeve 31, which indirectly controlled by the pressure difference at

Conveying the fiber reinforced matrix material through the

driven worm shaft 4 is applied to the screw tip 28 and the way to fill the Dosiervolumenspeichers 51 releases and applies during injection to the baffle sleeve 31 and prevents the material backflow into the screw area.

In the figures 9C and 9D, an embodiment of the Rückström- blocking function is shown, which is actively switched with a short stroke S of the worm shaft 4. This is the

Worm shaft 5 with the drive carriage 5a on the Housing slide 3a stored. An adjusting device 93, which is provided between the housing slide 3a and the drive slide 5a, executes the lock stroke S on the fiber mixing and dividing device 9b, ie, the screw-side part of the fiber mixing and dividing device becomes so far

shifted that the locking discs 35 close the chicanes 32. In the figure IIA and IIB this Fasermisch- and -zerteileinrichtung with actively switched blocking stroke S is shown enlarged.

The embodiment of Figure 9C and 9D is without the

possible additional equipment such as impregnation start dosage and Nachdruckdosierung equipped.

In FIGS. 9A to 9D, the piston 74 has a funnel-shaped recess 90, which matches the shape of the screw tip 28, so that no dead space can form and the material is transported cyclically. Since that

Dosage volume is not formed by a longitudinally movable screw, it is possible that the outer diameter of the injection piston 74 from the outer shaft diameter

deviates.

FIGS. 10A and 10B show an injection molding unit

continuous extruder. The injection molding unit has an injection unit 76 with an injection molding cylinder 77, to which the injection nozzle 78 is provided

Spray channel IIa is connected to the spray nozzle 11. Of the

Injection cylinder 77 surrounds the injection molded storage 79 receiving the fiber reinforced mass.

In the injection cylinder 77, an injection piston 81 is guided axially displaceable. The injection piston 81 has a conical tip 82, which serves as a conical double point 82a is formed, for engaging in the funnel-shaped recess 83 in the injection cylinder 77 at the end to which the injection channel IIa is connected. The conical

Double tip 82a is attached to the lands 82b on the injection piston 81 and serves to prevent any dead space in the material transport from the channel 84 in the

Injection space 79 can form.

From the injection piston 81, a connecting section 89 extends on the delivery side to a further piston 85, which is guided axially displaceably in the worm shaft housing 3. The connecting portion 89 is provided with a channel 84 having a shut-off device 86. Between the further piston 85 and the tip 28 of the worm shaft 4, a gap 88 is provided for the fiber-reinforced mass. For engagement of the worm shaft tip 28, the further piston 85 has a funnel-shaped recess 90.

On the delivery side, the injection molding unit is designed essentially as described above, for example in connection with FIG. 5. That is, to the

Fiber material processing zone 6 with the filling opening 13 for the matrix material closes on the downstream side of the

Faserzufuhr- and -impregnation 7, after the Vorzerteilkante 27, the pressure build-up zone 8 and the fiber mixing and -zerteilzone 9 at.

The injection cylinder slide 77 a is on the frame first

verschieebar stored and the adjusting device 91, which between the injection cylinder slide 77 a and the

Closing unit 2 is provided with the (not shown) mold, is used for docking the spray nozzle 11 to the mold. The injection piston slide 81a with the connection portion 89 is on the injection cylinder slide 77a slidably mounted and the adjusting device 95 which between the injection piston slide 81 a and the

Spritzzylinderschlitten 77 a is provided for the

Injection, the emphasis phase and the filling of the

Injection cylinder 77 with the injection molding 79th

used. With a further adjusting device 94, the worm shaft housing 3 with the housing slide 3a, which is slidably mounted on the injection piston slide, relative to the connecting portion 89 with the piston 85 are moved. The actuator 94 is between the injection piston slide 81a and the housing slide 3a

intended .

FIG. 10B shows a closed shut-off device 86 and

opened obturator 78 filled with fiber reinforced mass injection molding 79. With the piston 81 is injected by retracting the actuator 95, the fiber reinforced mass in the (not shown) mold and the

Repressing regulated by the holding pressure phase. During this time, the continuous working encourages

Einschneckenmaschine in the space memory 88. After the emphasis phase, the obturator 86 is opened and the

Content of the space memory 88 is in the

Injection molding 79 of the injection molding cylinder 77 promoted. For this purpose, the actuator 94 is retracted and the actuator 95 extended. At this move is on it

ensured that this volume is regulated in terms of volume, taking into account the continuous volume flow from the single-screw machine. This allows the diameter of the

Pistons 81 and 85 also be different. After in this displacement of the space memory 88 is emptied, stops the actuator 94 and the actuator 95 with the injection cylinder 77 receives the continuous flow of the single-screw machine until the variable Injection molding in the injection molding 79 is reached. Now stops the actuator 95 and the actuator 94 with the screw housing 3 takes the continuous flow again in the space memory 88 and the obturator 86 is closed for injection.

Figure IIA and IIB shows the enlarged view of

Fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung 9b as shown in Figure 9C and 9D shown with active Rückström-Sperrhub S by means of the screw shaft 4. The operating principle of the fiber mixing and - zerteileinrichtung corresponds to that of Figure 3A and 3B.

FIG. IIA shows the worm shaft 4 in the position that the fiber-reinforced material is conveyed through the baffle channels 32 in that the locking discs 35 allow the path between the inlet openings 33 and the outlet openings 34 only through the baffle channels 32.

Figure IIB shows the worm shaft 4 in the order to

Sperrhub S staggered position, whereby the material flow through the chicanes 32 is locked. To close in this example, the locking discs 35, the outlet openings 34, whereby no return flow during injection and the holding pressure phase is possible.

FIGS. 12A and 12B show the enlarged view of FIG

Fiber mixing and dispensing device 9c as shown in Figures 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B, preferably for use in a

longitudinally movable worm shaft 4 to form the metering volume in the metering volume chamber 51, the baffle sleeve 31 also takes over the Rückström-blocking function. The operating principle of the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung corresponds to that of Figure 3A and 3B. In the longitudinally movable worm shaft 4, the baffle sleeve 31 has the same outer diameter as the Worm shaft and is mounted longitudinally movable in the worm shaft housing 3 against rotation.

FIG. 12A shows the baffle sleeve 31 in the conveying position. This is due to the higher delivery pressure with the

side away from the screw tip 28. Figure 12B shows the baffle sleeve 31 pushed by the injection pressure in the Rückström-blocking position, where it is provided at its upstream end with a conical abutment surface 67 which bears tightly against a conical abutment surface 68 on a ring 69 on the worm shaft.

FIGS. 13A and 13B show a further embodiment of the fiber mixing and dividing zone with non-return valve. FIG. 13A shows a longitudinal section and FIG. 13B shows a development along the line XIII-XIII as

Functional representation. Thereafter, a Einpassring 56 and Zerteilringe 57, 58 and on the inside of the screw housing 3 Zerteilringe 59, 60 each rotatably but longitudinally displaceably arranged on the worm shaft 4.

The Einpassring 56 is arranged in the longitudinal direction at a distance from the delivery-side dividing ring 58 and this at a distance from the delivery-side dividing ring 57. The two dividing rings 60, 59 on the inner side of the housing engage in the gaps between the fitting ring 56 and the separating ring-side dividing ring 58 or between the two dividing rings 57, 58. The dividing rings 57 to 60 are each provided with axially extending to the screw shaft 4 passageways 62 to 65 for the impregnated fiber strand, so that upon rotation of the screw shaft 4 of the impregnated fiber strand through the edges at the openings of the passageways 62 to 65 to the

End faces of Zerteilringe 57, 59 and 58, 60 is divided. The snail-side cutting rings 57 and 58 advantageously take over with the webs 26b conveying function. On the Einpassring 56, the Rückströmsperrhülse 66 slidably mounted, wherein in the blocking position of the Rückströmsperre the conical surfaces 76 and 77 on the Rückströmsperrhülse 66 and the upstream-side Zerteilring 60 close together.

According to FIGS. 13A and 13B, shearing surfaces extending in the radial direction are thus formed by the dividing rings 59, 60, which interact with radial shear surfaces for dividing the fiber strand, which are formed by the dividing rings 57, 58.

For use in a continuously operating extruder, the backflow blocking function is not required, which means that the Rückströmsperrhülse 66 can be omitted.

As shown in Figure 14, the fiber spools 118 are rotatable

Spulenellern 112 stored so that the fiber strand 108th

verdrehfrei the worm shaft 4 can be supplied. With a coil receiving chuck 115 can also fixed

Inner draw-off spools are used for the rotatable outer trigger. Contrary to the fixed inner draw-off coils, the coil end of the moving coil can be made with the beginning of the new coil only with complete coil sequence in the rotatable outer trigger. For this purpose, a fiber strand connecting device 110 is provided, where the presented fiber strand of the new coil 109 is automatically connected to the end of the expiring coil 108, which is detected by the thread monitor 111, by means of a splice, adhesive, clamp or node connection. The clamp connection can be made of parts, which from the

Matrix material are made.

In order for this connection process to take place with dormant strands in the fiber strand connecting device 110, a dancer deflection 101 with the dancer lift 119 between the

Fiber strand connecting device 110 and the worm shaft 4th intended. The dancer diversion can be carried out rolling, slowed rolling or fixed. The dancer stroke 119 is dimensioned so that it also the cyclic acceleration of

Fiber coils 118 controls. In addition to the weight of the dancer deflection .101, this can also take place with a variable drive (not shown) for the dancer lift 119, which moves up and down in accordance with a force algorithm.

When cyclically stopping the worm shaft 4, the

braked rotating fiber coils 118 by the respective Spulenteller- brake 114.

In the event that the fiber bobbin 118 rotates faster than the fiber strand 108 is supplied to the worm shaft 4, the dancer roller 101 hits in the lower position on the friction surface 105, where the fiber strand between the friction surface 105 and the dancer roller 101 is clamped. This leaves the

Fiber strand 108 between this entrapment and the

Worm shaft 4 stretched. With an adjustable or controllable force, which is represented by the arrow 107, the clamping force of the fiber strand 108 can be optimized. With the measuring wheel 100, the supplied fiber strand length to the worm shaft 4 is measured. The function shown is available for each fiber strand.

The second coil for each fiber bundle 108 fed to the fiber strand connector 110 is an option to allow for uninterrupted production even at the coil end. Reference sign list

D metering stroke

V variable metering stroke

S blocking stroke

Z buffer stroke

1 machine frame

2 clamping unit with molding tool

3 worm shaft housing

3a housing slide

.4 Worm shaft ¹

5 drive

5a drive carriage

6 matrix material treatment zone

6a feed zone

6b compression zone

6c metering zone

7 fiber supply and impregnation zone

8 pressure build-up zone

9 fiber mixing and dividing zone

9a fiber mixing and dividing zone with non-return valve

9b fiber mixing and dividing device

9c fiber mixing and dividing device with non-return valve

.9d Backflow Locking Sleeve

10 extrusion nozzle

11 spray nozzle a spray channel

fiber reinforced mass

fill opening

matrix material

Matrix material adding device feed opening

fiber strands

Fiber strand gate

Do the washing up

Oszilierbewegung

Fiber strand drive

a motor

drive roller

Backing roll

Frame fiber strand drive fiber strand section

flighting

a web edge

b footbridge

Fiber strand pre-cutting edge of the screw tip

a conveyor element

strand

setting device

chicane sleeve

chicane channel

inlet opening

outlet opening

locking disc Arrow for separate matrix material processing unit (not shown) Matrix material distributor

longitudinal channel

radial bores with nozzles gait depth metering zone

gravimetric dosing

Abstauring

radial bore

Impregnation starting dose

Matrix material receiving chamber

piston

Arrow for actuating device Piston

check valve

Matrix material collector (cascading) Dosing volume chamber or injection space

conical stop surface

fitting ring

Zerteilring

Parting ring Passage channel Passageway

Passageway

Rückströmsperrhülse

conical stop surface

ring

Reproduction dosage

shutoff

Aufnähmekämmer

piston

a Double arrow for adjusting device Kolbenb Piston end

piston

mold

injection unit

injection molding cylinder

a injection cylinder slide

shutoff

Injection chamber injection piston

a injection piston slide

conical tip

a conical double point

b footbridge

funnel-shaped recess

channel

piston

shutoff 87 funnel-shaped recess

88 space memory

89 connecting section

90 funnel-shaped recess

91 Setting device for the docking of the

Injection device to the mold

92 adjusting device for the metering stroke or the injection stroke

93 adjusting device for the blocking stroke at the

Fiber mixing and dividing device

94 Adjustment device for the intermediate storage stroke

95 Actuator for the injection stroke

100 measuring wheel

101 Dancer diversion

102 linear guide

103 Guide carriage for dancer diversion

104 Arrow for lower end position of dancer deflection

105 friction surface

106 Guide carriage for lower friction surface

107 Arrow for setting the lower friction surface

108 running fiber strand of the donor coil

109 submitted fiber strand of the new coil

110 fiber strand connection device

111 thread monitor

112 reel plate

113 storage reel plate 114 brake reel plate

115 Coil chuck

116 enclosure coil dish

117 machine frame

118 fiber strand coil

119 double arrow for dancer stroke

Claims

claims

Anspruch [en] A process for producing a fiber reinforced mass comprising a single shaft machine with a worm shaft (4) in a worm shaft housing (3) and a

Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation (7), the at least one fiber strand (17) together with recycled

Matrix material for fiber strand impregnation is supplied, characterized in that the at least one

Fiber strand (17) of the Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation (7) is supplied at a speed which is less than the peripheral speed of

Auger outer diameter in the fiber strand feed and impregnation zone (7).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber strand feed rate is 1 to 70% smaller than the peripheral speed of the external screw shaft diameter.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber strand feed speed at the beginning of the rotation of the rotating worm shaft up to 100% less than the peripheral speed of

Worm shaft outside diameter is.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber strand (17) drivingly holding or braking holding is supplied.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber strand (17) is supplied tensile-regulated.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Faserstrangzufuhr- and

Impregnation (7) a plurality of fiber strands (17) supplied be with the processed matrix material the

Fiber strands is supplied proportionally.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for optimizing the desired fiber content in the fiber-reinforced mass for the rotational speed of

Worm shaft (4), the fiber strand feed rate and the dosage of the matrix material (14)

Control algorithm is used.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a continuous or cyclical single-screw machine is used for discharging a strand (29) of the fiber-reinforced mass.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cyclically or continuously operating single-screw machine is used as injection molding unit in an injection molding machine.

A method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that when starting the cyclically operating single-shaft machine, a starting dosage for impregnating the fiber strand is performed.

Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that after injection of the

fiber reinforced or non-fiber reinforced mass through the spray nozzle (11) in a mold one of the

Actuation device for the injection stroke independent

Nachdruckdosierung the injection-mass is carried out.

Single-screw machine for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims with a worm shaft (4) in a worm shaft housing (3) and a

Faserstrangzufuhr- and impregnation zone (7), in the

at least one fiber strand (17) in the gap between the Outside diameter of the rotating worm shaft (4) and the worm shaft housing (3) is fed, wherein the

Impregnation of the fiber strand recycled matrix material is supplied, characterized in that a

A device is provided for feeding the at least one fiber strand (17), which is designed such that the fiber strand (17) matches the gap between the outside diameter of the screw shaft (4) and the screw shaft housing (3) in the fiber strand supply and impregnation zone (7). is fed at a speed which is less than the peripheral speed of the external screw shaft diameter in the fiber strand supply and

impregnation zone (7).

13. Single-screw machine according to claim 12, characterized

characterized in that the worm shaft housing (3) in the Faserstrangzufuhr- and -impregnation (7) on the circumference at least one feed opening (16) for the at least one fiber strand (17).

14. Single-screw machine according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that at least one matrix material distributor (37) in the Faserstrangzuführ- and -impregnation zone (7) is provided.

15. Single-screw machine according to claim 14, characterized

characterized in that the matrix material distributor (37) extends through a longitudinal direction of the worm shaft (4).

extending slot nozzle or a nozzle row (38) is formed.

16. Single-screw machine according to claim 14 or 15, characterized

in that the matrix material distributor (37) is connected to a separate matrix material processing unit or a dosing unit. 17. Single-screw machine according to claim 12, characterized

characterized in that the worm shaft (4) upstream of the fiber strand supply and -impregnation (7) a

Matrix processing zone (6) and on the

the delivery end of the matrix processing zone (6) is provided a Abstauring (43).

18. Single-screw machine according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the single-screw machine forms an injection molding unit as a cyclically or continuously operating extruder.

19. Single-screw machine according to claim 18, characterized

in that the injection molding unit has an axially longitudinally displaceable worm shaft (4), which

Matrix material distributor (37) with the longitudinal channel (38) having a radial bore (44) or a plurality of radial bores (44) for the processed matrix material offset in the longitudinal direction of the worm shaft (4) at a metering zone (6c) in the matrix material treatment zone (6) of the worm shaft (4) ), wherein each radial bore (44) is provided with a shut-off device.

20. Single-screw machine according to claim 19, characterized

characterized in that the shut-off elements as

Check valves (48) are formed.

21. Single-screw machine according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that a to the

Matrix material distributor (37) connected impregnated starting metering device (45) with a

Matrix material receiving chamber (46) is provided which empties when cyclically starting the worm shaft (3).

22. Single-screw machine according to one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that f derderabseitig of the

Faserzufuhr- and impregnation (7) a fiber blending and - zerteilzone (9) or fiber mixing and -Zerteilzone with

Non-return valve (9a) is provided.

23. Single-screw machine according to claim 22, characterized

characterized in that in the fiber blending and

-Zerteilzone (9) or the fiber mixing and -Zerteilzone with backflow preventer (9 a) on the inside of the

Worm shaft housing (3) longitudinally movable and / or

rotatably arranged, extending in the circumferential direction or radial shear surfaces are provided, which for dividing the fiber strand (17) with at the periphery of

Worm shaft (4) or radially extending, at the

Worm shaft (4) non-rotatably arranged shear surfaces cooperate.

24. Single-screw machine according to claim 23, characterized

characterized in that the at the periphery of the worm shaft (4) non-rotatably arranged shear surfaces through the

Worm web (26) or web elements (26b) are formed.

25. Single-screw machine according to claim 23 or 24, characterized

in that in the fiber mixing and -zerteilzone (9) on the Schneckenwellengehäuseinnenseite a

Barking sleeve (31) for forming a shear surface in

Circumferentially arranged circumferentially on the screw shaft housing (3), which has an inner diameter corresponding to the screw outer diameter and at least one baffle stage with a baffle channel (32) having an inlet opening (33) for entry of in the Faserzufuhr- and -imprägnierzone (7) impregnated fiber strand from the inside of the baffle sleeve (31) into the baffle channel (32) and with an outlet opening (34) arranged downstream of the inlet opening (33) for re-emergence of the impregnated fiber strand (17) from the baffle channel (32), the worm shaft ( 4) between the inlet opening (33) and the outlet opening (34) of the Baffle channel (32) with a locking disc (35) is provided.

26. Single-screw machine according to one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that the single-screw machine as injection molding unit with a longitudinally displaceable

Worm shaft (4) is provided to form when displaced in the direction of the filling opening (13) of the injection molding a Einspritzdosiervolumenspeicher, the

is provided upstream with a return flow lock, the baffle sleeve (31) which rotatably and

is mounted longitudinally movable in the worm shaft housing (3) by moving from the screw side part of the

Rückströmsperre forms

27. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that at least one radially extending to form

Shearing surface in the fiber mixing and cutting zone (9)

Zerteilringe (57, 58) rotatably on the worm shaft (4) and Zerteilringe (59, 60) on the inside of the

Worm shaft housing (3) rotatably and longitudinally movably arranged, whose end face are arranged together and which are provided with axially to the screw shaft (4) extending passageways (62 to 65) to at

Rotation of the worm shaft (4) to divide the fiber strand (17) with the edges at the passageways (62 to 65).

28. Single-screw machine according to one of claims 12 to 27, characterized in that the conveyor side of the

Fiber mixing and dividing zone (9) a pressure build-up zone (8) is provided with a Vorzerteilkante (27) on the screw shaft housing (3) for fiber pre-division.

Single-screw machine according to claim 18, characterized

characterized in that the cyclically operating extruder injection chamber (51), by one of the Schneckenwellenspit ze (28) opposite, in the worm shaft housing (3) axially displaceable piston (74) with injection channel (IIa) is formed, which is provided with the spray nozzle (11).

30. Single-screw machine according to claim 29, characterized

characterized in that the non-return valve on the fiber mixing and -zerteileinrichtung (9b) by an active locking stroke (S) of the worm shaft (4) is carried out by the

Locking disc (35), which for the promotion by the

Barking sleeve (31) on the snail side of the

Fiber mixing and dividing device (9b) between the

Inlet opening (33) and the outlet opening (34) of the baffle channel (32) is, the outlet opening (34) and / or the inlet opening (33) of the baffle channel (32) blocks.

31. Single-screw machine according to claim 18, characterized

in that the continuously operating extruder has an axially movable connecting section (89) with a passage (84) which can be closed by a shut-off device (86) and which has a passage (84) at the delivery-side end

Injection piston (81) and at the delivery end has a further piston (85), wherein the injection piston (81) with the injection cylinder (77) a

Injection molding (79) forms, which with a

Spray passage (IIa) and the spray nozzle (11) is provided, and the further piston (85) is slidably guided in the Scheckenwellengehäuse (3) to form a gap memory (88).