EP2506661B1 - Electric heating device - Google Patents

Electric heating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2506661B1
EP2506661B1 EP12162340.9A EP12162340A EP2506661B1 EP 2506661 B1 EP2506661 B1 EP 2506661B1 EP 12162340 A EP12162340 A EP 12162340A EP 2506661 B1 EP2506661 B1 EP 2506661B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating device
weight
housing
heating element
side walls
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EP12162340.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2506661A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Starck
Oleg Kexel
Armin Lang
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Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG
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Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to PL12162340T priority Critical patent/PL2506661T3/en
Publication of EP2506661A1 publication Critical patent/EP2506661A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating device with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heating device is from the DE 10 2009 012 982 A1 known.
  • Ceramic heating elements can be effectively protected in metal housings from a fluid to be heated. Important for heaters is a good thermal coupling of the heating element to the surrounding metal housing. Usually, therefore, housing are pressed after the introduction of ceramic heating elements, so that heat generated by heating elements can be delivered well to the metal housing.
  • the metal housing can be additionally provided with a plastic sheath.
  • a tank heater with a plastic coated metal housing which is manufactured as an extruded profile.
  • plastic-coated metal housings also as cast housings.
  • the object of the present invention is to show a way how inexpensive a heating device can be created, in which heat generated by a ceramic heating element can be delivered well to a metal housing.
  • a heating device In a heating device according to the invention two opposite side walls are plastically deformed by pressing the cast housing, wherein the plastic deformation of the two opposite side walls increases in the longitudinal direction of the side walls.
  • the interior, in which at least one, preferably ceramic, heating element is arranged, thus has a wedge-shaped tapered shape prior to compression. During compression, the thinner end of the wedge-shaped interior is less deformed than the thicker end. By pressing so the wedge shape is counteracted, so that in the ideal case results in a housing with parallel upper and lower sides.
  • the side walls, which connect the top and bottom of the housing, are therefore deformed more at the thicker end of the housing than at the thinner end.
  • the casting housing is first prepared so that the interior of the housing tapers in a wedge shape, a heating element or more heating elements can more easily bring into the interior of the housing.
  • the cast housing can then better demold.
  • the wedge-shaped prior to compression molding housing may be closed at its thinner end by a side wall. It is also possible that it has a continuous channel.
  • Heating element and contact plate can be connected by a plastic mounting element to a preassembled unit that can be handled well.
  • the mounting element may be, for example, an adhesive layer, which is the contact plate stops at the heating element.
  • the mounting element may for example also be a foil, are wrapped with the heating element and contact plate, or be a mounting frame.
  • the lower wall of the housing has an inwardly raised area, connect to the two lowered areas extending in the interior along the two side walls along.
  • the heat coupling of the ceramic heating element to the housing can be improved or the required for a good heat coupling plastic deformation of the side walls of the housing advantageously reduce.
  • the lowered areas of the lower wall make it possible in particular to create space for the lateral limbs of a mounting frame which holds the ceramic heating element.
  • a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the mounting element, for example a mounting frame, holds two contact plates between which the heating element is seated.
  • the ceramic heating element between the two contact plates can be included, so that an easily manageable, preassembled unit is formed.
  • the contact sheets and one or more intermediate heating elements may be wrapped for example with a mounting element in the form of plastic film. It when one of the two contact plates rests against the inwardly raised portion of the lower wall is particularly advantageous.
  • the housing is made of an aluminum-based alloy, in particular an aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • Aluminum alloys have an advantageously high thermal conductivity.
  • Aluminum-silicon alloys combine a good thermal conductivity with advantageous mechanical properties, which are favorable for a compression of the housing.
  • aluminum-silicon alloys can be cast well and can withstand high mechanical stress, so that a high contact pressure, with which the at least one ceramic heating element is pressed in the housing, can be maintained for a long time.
  • the silicon content of the aluminum-based alloy is 5 wt% to 12 wt%, preferably 7 wt% to 11 wt%. It is furthermore preferred that the remaining constituents of the aluminum-silicon alloy constitute less than 5% by weight, particularly preferably less than 3% by weight, in particular less than 2% by weight.
  • the aluminum-silicon alloy from which the housing is cast preferably contains from 0.1 to 1% by weight of iron, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.8% by weight of iron.
  • Strontium is preferably contained in the aluminum-silicon alloy with a weight fraction of 0.5 wt .-% to 1.5 wt .-%. It is particularly preferred that the strontium content is greater than the iron content. Such an alloy can be pressed well and has an advantageous heat conduction.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the housing is surrounded by a plastic jacket.
  • a cast housing advantageously has rounder edges than an extruded profile. A plastic sheath can therefore better apply to a cast housing and adheres better than on an extruded profile.
  • the housing is a tubular housing.
  • a tubular housing advantageously, a larger number of ceramic heating elements can be arranged one behind the other.
  • the housing has a width which increases in the longitudinal direction of the plastically deformed side walls.
  • the deformation of the side walls increases along with the width in the longitudinal direction of the housing.
  • the housing may have its maximum width at that end at which the plastic deformation of the side walls is maximum.
  • the in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown heating device has a cast housing 1, which surrounds an interior, in which at least one ceramic heating element 2, for example, a PTC heating element, is arranged.
  • the cast housing 1 may have heat dissipation elements such as cooling fins or the like.
  • the interior of an upper wall 1 a and a lower wall 1b is limited.
  • the upper wall 1 a and the lower wall 1 b are connected to each other via two opposite side walls 1 c.
  • the cast housing 1 can be designed as a tubular housing which is open at two opposite ends. But it is also possible that the housing 1 is closed at one end by another side wall.
  • the housing 1 has a wedge-shaped interior before pressing.
  • the distance between the upper wall 1 a and the lower wall 1b increases continuously before pressing from one end to the other end of the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is pressed.
  • the two opposite side walls 1c are plastically deformed.
  • the upper wall 1 a is preferably parallel to the lower wall 1 b. This means that the plastic deformation of the two opposite side walls 1c in the longitudinal direction of the side walls 1 c increases.
  • the housing 1 has a width which increases in the longitudinal direction of the plastically deformed side walls 1c.
  • the interior of the housing 1 a width which increases in the longitudinal direction of the side walls 1c.
  • the width of the inner space of the housing 1 increases in the same direction as the plastic deformation of the side walls 1c.
  • the interior has its largest width that is, at the end at which the plastic deformation of the side walls 1c is maximum.
  • the side walls 1c of the housing 1 are each inclined to the upper wall 1a.
  • the upper wall 1 a of the housing 1 thus has a larger area than the lower wall 1 b of the housing first
  • the ceramic heating element 2 is held by a mounting frame 3 made of plastic, which preferably also holds two contact plates 4.
  • One of the two contact sheets 4 carries an insulating layer, for example made of plastic or a ceramic material, preferably alumina.
  • the other contact plate 4 may also be covered with an insulating layer or - as in the illustrated embodiment - the cast housing 1 contact to form a ground contact.
  • the heating element 2 is in the illustrated embodiment between the two contact plates. It is thus contacted at its two opposite contact sides of the contact plates 4.
  • One of the two contact surfaces of the heating element 2 is the upper wall 1a and the other contact surface of the lower wall 1 b facing.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in the illustrated embodiment, one of the two contact plates 4 at an inwardly raised portion of the lower wall 1 c of the housing 1 at.
  • a pedestal on which the contact plate 4 is located In the interior of the housing 1 is therefore a pedestal on which the contact plate 4 is located.
  • the raised area is bounded on two opposite sides by a step. Between the two plastically deformed side walls 1 c and the inwardly raised region is thus located in the interior, in each case a lowered area, in each of which a leg of the mounting frame 3 is located.
  • An inwardly raised area can also be formed on the upper wall 1a of the housing 1 and abut directly on the ceramic heating element 2, if only a single contact plate is used.
  • the cast housing 1 is cast from a metal alloy, such as an aluminum-based alloy.
  • the aluminum-based alloy is an aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • the weight content of the aluminum-silicon alloy is preferably 5 wt .-% to 12 wt.%, In particular 7 wt .-% to 11 wt .-%.
  • the aluminum-based alloy may additionally contain other alloying ingredients.
  • the sum of the remaining constituents of the aluminum-silicon alloy is less than 5 wt .-%, more preferably less than 3 wt .-%, in particular less than 2 wt .-%.
  • the aluminum-based alloy preferably contains from 0.1% by weight to 1% by weight of iron, particularly preferably from 0.4% by weight to 0.8% by weight of iron.
  • the aluminum-based alloy strontium is preferably admixed, for example 0.5% by weight to 1.5% by weight strontium.
  • the cast housing 1 can be encased after insertion of the mounting frame 3 and the pressing with plastic.
  • the plastic jacket not shown in the figures, can be applied, for example, by injection molding or as a powder coating.
  • heating element 2 is arranged in the interior of the heater. In the interior of the heater but can also be arranged a plurality of ceramic heating elements.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Heizeinrichtung mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Eine solche Heizeinrichtung ist aus der DE 10 2009 012 982 A1 bekannt.The invention relates to a heating device with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a heater is from the DE 10 2009 012 982 A1 known.

Keramische Heizelemente können in Metallgehäusen wirksam vor einem zu erwärmenden Fluid geschützt werden. Wichtig für Heizeinrichtungen ist eine gute Wärmeankopplung des Heizelements an das umgebende Metallgehäuse. Üblicherweise werden deshalb Gehäuse nach dem Einbringen keramischer Heizelemente verpresst, so dass von Heizelementen erzeugte Wärme gut an das Metallgehäuse abgegeben werden kann.Ceramic heating elements can be effectively protected in metal housings from a fluid to be heated. Important for heaters is a good thermal coupling of the heating element to the surrounding metal housing. Usually, therefore, housing are pressed after the introduction of ceramic heating elements, so that heat generated by heating elements can be delivered well to the metal housing.

Zum Schutz vor chemisch aggressiven Fluiden, beispielsweise bei Heizeinrichtungen für Flüssigkeitstanks, können die Metallgehäuse zusätzlich mit einem Kunststoffmantel versehen werden. Aus der DE 10 2005 036 430 A1 ist eine Tankheizung mit einem kunststoffummantelten Metallgehäuse bekannt, das als ein Strangpressprofil hergestellt ist. In der DE 10 2009 012 982 A1 wird die Möglichkeit angesprochen, kunststoffummantelte Metallgehäuse auch als Gussgehäuse herzustellen.For protection against chemically aggressive fluids, for example in heaters for liquid tanks, the metal housing can be additionally provided with a plastic sheath. From the DE 10 2005 036 430 A1 is a tank heater with a plastic coated metal housing, which is manufactured as an extruded profile. In the DE 10 2009 012 982 A1 the possibility is addressed to manufacture plastic-coated metal housings also as cast housings.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es einen Weg aufzuzeigen, wie kostengünstig eine Heizeinrichtung geschaffen werden kann, bei der von einem keramischen Heizelement erzeugte Wärme gut an ein Metallgehäuse abgegeben werden kann.The object of the present invention is to show a way how inexpensive a heating device can be created, in which heat generated by a ceramic heating element can be delivered well to a metal housing.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Heizeinrichtung mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by a heating device with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizeinrichtung sind zwei gegenüberliegende Seitenwände durch Verpressen des Gussgehäuses plastisch verformt, wobei die plastische Verformung der beiden gegenüberliegenden Seitenwände in Längsrichtung der Seitenwände zunimmt. Der Innenraum, in welchem wenigstens ein, bevorzugt keramisches, Heizelement angeordnet ist, hat also vor dem Verpressen eine sich keilförmig verjüngende Form. Beim Verpressen wird das dünnere Ende des keilförmigen Innenraums weniger stark verformt als das dickere Ende. Durch das Verpressen wird also der Keilform entgegengewirkt, so dass sich im Idealfall ein Gehäuse mit parallel verlaufenden Ober- und Unterseiten ergibt. Die Seitenwände, welche Ober- und Unterseite des Gehäuses verbinden, werden demzufolge am dickeren Ende des Gehäuses stärker verformt als am dünneren Ende.In a heating device according to the invention two opposite side walls are plastically deformed by pressing the cast housing, wherein the plastic deformation of the two opposite side walls increases in the longitudinal direction of the side walls. The interior, in which at least one, preferably ceramic, heating element is arranged, thus has a wedge-shaped tapered shape prior to compression. During compression, the thinner end of the wedge-shaped interior is less deformed than the thicker end. By pressing so the wedge shape is counteracted, so that in the ideal case results in a housing with parallel upper and lower sides. The side walls, which connect the top and bottom of the housing, are therefore deformed more at the thicker end of the housing than at the thinner end.

Indem das Gussgehäuse zunächst so hergestellt wird, dass sich der Innenraum des Gehäuses keilförmig verjüngt, lassen sich ein Heizelement oder mehrere Heizelemente leichter in den Innenraum des Gehäuses einbringen. Zudem lässt sich das Gussgehäuse dann besser Entformen. Das vor dem Verpressen keilförmig ausgebildete Gussgehäuse kann an seinem dünneren Ende durch eine Seitenwand verschlossen sein. Möglich ist es auch, dass es einen durchgehenden Kanal aufweist.By the casting housing is first prepared so that the interior of the housing tapers in a wedge shape, a heating element or more heating elements can more easily bring into the interior of the housing. In addition, the cast housing can then better demold. The wedge-shaped prior to compression molding housing may be closed at its thinner end by a side wall. It is also possible that it has a continuous channel.

Heizelement und Kontaktblech können von einem Montageelement aus Kunststoff zu einer vormontierten Einheit verbunden werden, die sich gut handhaben lässt. Das Montageelement kann beispielsweise eine Klebstoffschicht sein, die das Kontaktblech an dem Heizelement hält. Das Montageelement kann beispielsweise auch eine Folie sein, mit der Heizelement und Kontaktblech umwickelt sind, oder ein Montagerahmen sein.Heating element and contact plate can be connected by a plastic mounting element to a preassembled unit that can be handled well. The mounting element may be, for example, an adhesive layer, which is the contact plate stops at the heating element. The mounting element may for example also be a foil, are wrapped with the heating element and contact plate, or be a mounting frame.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die untere Wand des Gehäuses einen nach innen erhöhten Bereich aufweist, an den zwei abgesenkte Bereiche anschließen, die sich im Innenraum an den beiden Seitenwänden entlang erstrecken. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die Wärmeankopplung des keramischen Heizelements an das Gehäuse verbessern bzw. die für eine gute Wärmeankopplung erforderliche plastische Verformung der Seitenwände des Gehäuses vorteilhaft reduzieren. Durch die abgesenkten Bereiche der unteren Wand lässt sich insbesondere Platz für die seitlichen Schenkel eines Montagerahmens schaffen, der das keramische Heizelement hält.An advantageous development of the invention provides that the lower wall of the housing has an inwardly raised area, connect to the two lowered areas extending in the interior along the two side walls along. In this way, the heat coupling of the ceramic heating element to the housing can be improved or the required for a good heat coupling plastic deformation of the side walls of the housing advantageously reduce. The lowered areas of the lower wall make it possible in particular to create space for the lateral limbs of a mounting frame which holds the ceramic heating element.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Montageelement, beispielsweise ein Montagerahmen, zwei Kontaktbleche hält, zwischen denen das Heizelement sitzt. Auf diese Weise lässt sich das keramische Heizelement zwischen den beiden Kontaktblechen einschließen, so dass eine leicht handhabbare, vormontierte Einheit gebildet wird. Die Kontaktbleche und ein oder mehrere dazwischen liegende Heizelemente können beispielsweise mit einem Montageelement in Form von Kunststofffolie umwickelt sein. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn eines der beiden Kontaktbleche an dem nach innen erhöhten Bereich der unteren Wand anliegt.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that the mounting element, for example a mounting frame, holds two contact plates between which the heating element is seated. In this way, the ceramic heating element between the two contact plates can be included, so that an easily manageable, preassembled unit is formed. The contact sheets and one or more intermediate heating elements may be wrapped for example with a mounting element in the form of plastic film. It when one of the two contact plates rests against the inwardly raised portion of the lower wall is particularly advantageous.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Gehäuse aus einer Aluminiumbasislegierung, insbesondere einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung ist. Aluminiumlegierungen haben eine vorteilhaft hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Aluminium-Silizium-Legierungen kombinieren eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit mit vorteilhaften mechanischen Eigenschaften, die für ein Verpressen des Gehäuses günstig sind. Zudem lassen sich Aluminium-Silizium-Legierungen gut gießen und können hohe mechanische Spannung aushalten, so dass eine hohe Anpresskraft, mit der das wenigstens ein keramische Heizelement in dem Gehäuse verpresst ist, über lange Zeit erhalten bleiben kann.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that the housing is made of an aluminum-based alloy, in particular an aluminum-silicon alloy. Aluminum alloys have an advantageously high thermal conductivity. Aluminum-silicon alloys combine a good thermal conductivity with advantageous mechanical properties, which are favorable for a compression of the housing. In addition, aluminum-silicon alloys can be cast well and can withstand high mechanical stress, so that a high contact pressure, with which the at least one ceramic heating element is pressed in the housing, can be maintained for a long time.

Besonders bevorzugt beträgt der Siliziumgehalt der Aluminiumbasislegierung 5 Gew.-% bis 12 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 7 Gew.-% bis 11 Gew.-%. Bevorzugt ist weiterhin, dass die übrigen Bestandteile der Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung weniger als 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere weniger als 2 Gew.-% ausmachen. Die Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung, aus der das Gehäuse gegossen ist, enthält bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1 Gew.-% Eisen, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 0,8 Gew.-% Eisen. Bevorzugt ist in der Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung Strontium mit einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 1,5 Gew.-% enthalten. Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei, dass der Strontiumgehalt größer als der Eisengehalt ist. Eine solche Legierung lässt sich gut verpressen und hat eine vorteilhafte Wärmeleitung.More preferably, the silicon content of the aluminum-based alloy is 5 wt% to 12 wt%, preferably 7 wt% to 11 wt%. It is furthermore preferred that the remaining constituents of the aluminum-silicon alloy constitute less than 5% by weight, particularly preferably less than 3% by weight, in particular less than 2% by weight. The aluminum-silicon alloy from which the housing is cast preferably contains from 0.1 to 1% by weight of iron, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.8% by weight of iron. Strontium is preferably contained in the aluminum-silicon alloy with a weight fraction of 0.5 wt .-% to 1.5 wt .-%. It is particularly preferred that the strontium content is greater than the iron content. Such an alloy can be pressed well and has an advantageous heat conduction.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Gehäuse von einem Kunststoffmantel umgeben ist. Ein Gussgehäuse hat vorteilhaft rundere Kanten als ein Strangpressprofil. Ein Kunststoffmantel lässt sich deshalb auf ein Gussgehäuse besser aufbringen und haftet darauf besser als auf einem Strangpressprofil.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the housing is surrounded by a plastic jacket. A cast housing advantageously has rounder edges than an extruded profile. A plastic sheath can therefore better apply to a cast housing and adheres better than on an extruded profile.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Gehäuse ein Rohrgehäuse ist. In einem Rohrgehäuse lässt sich vorteilhaft eine größere Anzahl von keramischen Heizelementen hintereinander anordnen.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that the housing is a tubular housing. In a tubular housing, advantageously, a larger number of ceramic heating elements can be arranged one behind the other.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das das Gehäuse eine Breite hat, die in Längsrichtung der plastisch verformten Seitenwände zunimmt. Auf diese Weise lässt sich eine vormontierte Einheit aus einem oder mehreren Heizelementen und einem oder zwei Kontaktblechen noch leichter in das Gehäuse einbringen. Bevorzugt nimmt die Verformung der Seitenwände zusammen mit der Breite in Längsrichtung des Gehäuses zu. Insbesondere kann das Gehäuse an jenem Ende seine maximale Breite haben, an dem die plastische Verformung der Seitenwände maximal ist.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that the housing has a width which increases in the longitudinal direction of the plastically deformed side walls. In this way, a preassembled unit of one or more heating elements and one or two contact plates can be even easier to introduce into the housing. Preferably, the deformation of the side walls increases along with the width in the longitudinal direction of the housing. In particular, the housing may have its maximum width at that end at which the plastic deformation of the side walls is maximum.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden an einem Ausführungsbeispiel unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
das Gehäuse einer Heizeinrichtung in einer Draufsicht;
Figur 2
einen Längsschnitt des Gehäuses vor dem Verpressen;
Figur 3
einen Längsschnitt der Heizeinrichtung nach dem Verpressen; und
Figur 4
einen Querschnitt der Heizeinrichtung nach dem Verpressen.
Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
the housing of a heater in a plan view;
FIG. 2
a longitudinal section of the housing prior to compression;
FIG. 3
a longitudinal section of the heater after the pressing; and
FIG. 4
a cross section of the heater after the pressing.

Die in den Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellte Heizeinrichtung hat ein Gussgehäuse 1, das einen Innenraum umgibt, in dem wenigstens ein keramisches Heizelement 2, beispielsweise ein PTC-Heizelement, angeordnet ist. Das Gussgehäuse 1 kann Wärmeabgabeelemente wie Kühlrippen oder ähnliches aufweisen.The in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown heating device has a cast housing 1, which surrounds an interior, in which at least one ceramic heating element 2, for example, a PTC heating element, is arranged. The cast housing 1 may have heat dissipation elements such as cooling fins or the like.

Wie insbesondere die Figuren 2 bis 4 zeigen, wird der Innenraum von einer oberen Wand 1 a und einer unteren Wand 1b begrenzt. Die obere Wand 1 a und die untere Wand 1 b sind über zwei gegenüberliegende Seitenwände 1 c miteinander verbunden. Das Gussgehäuse 1 kann dabei als ein Rohrgehäuse ausgebildet sein, das an zwei gegenüber liegenden Enden offen ist. Möglich ist es aber auch, dass das Gehäuse 1 an einem Ende von einer weiteren Seitenwand verschlossen ist.How the particular FIGS. 2 to 4 show, the interior of an upper wall 1 a and a lower wall 1b is limited. The upper wall 1 a and the lower wall 1 b are connected to each other via two opposite side walls 1 c. The cast housing 1 can be designed as a tubular housing which is open at two opposite ends. But it is also possible that the housing 1 is closed at one end by another side wall.

Wie Figur 2 zeigt, hat das Gehäuse 1 vor dem Verpressen einen keilförmigen Innenraum. Der Abstand zwischen der oberen Wand 1 a und der unteren Wand 1b nimmt vor dem Verpressen von einem Ende zum anderen Ende des Gehäuses 1 hin kontinuierlich zu. Nach dem Einbringen des keramischen Heizelements 2 in den Gehäuseinnenraum wird das Gehäuse 1 verpresst. Dabei werden die beiden gegenüberliegenden Seitenwände 1c plastisch verformt. Nach dem Verpressen liegt die obere Wand 1 a bevorzugt parallel zu der unteren Wand 1 b. Dies bedeutet, dass die plastische Verformung der beiden gegenüberliegenden Seitenwände 1c in Längsrichtung der Seitenwände 1 c zunimmt.As FIG. 2 shows, the housing 1 has a wedge-shaped interior before pressing. The distance between the upper wall 1 a and the lower wall 1b increases continuously before pressing from one end to the other end of the housing 1. After introducing the ceramic heating element 2 in the housing interior, the housing 1 is pressed. The two opposite side walls 1c are plastically deformed. After pressing, the upper wall 1 a is preferably parallel to the lower wall 1 b. This means that the plastic deformation of the two opposite side walls 1c in the longitudinal direction of the side walls 1 c increases.

Wie Figur 1 zeigt, hat das Gehäuse 1 eine Breite, die in Längsrichtung der plastisch verformten Seitenwände 1c zunimmt. Bevorzugt hat auch der Innenraum des Gehäuses 1, eine Breite, die in Längsrichtung der Seitenwände 1c zunimmt. Dabei nimmt die Breite des Innenraums des Gehäuses 1 in derselben Richtung zu wie die plastische Verformung der Seitenwände 1c. Der Innenraum hat seine größte Breite also an jenem Ende, an dem die plastische Verformung der Seitenwände 1c maximal ist.As FIG. 1 shows, the housing 1 has a width which increases in the longitudinal direction of the plastically deformed side walls 1c. Preferably, the interior of the housing 1, a width which increases in the longitudinal direction of the side walls 1c. In this case, the width of the inner space of the housing 1 increases in the same direction as the plastic deformation of the side walls 1c. The interior has its largest width that is, at the end at which the plastic deformation of the side walls 1c is maximum.

Bevorzugt sind die Seitenwände 1c des Gehäuses 1 jeweils zu der oberen Wand 1a hin geneigt. Die obere Wand 1a des Gehäuses 1 hat also eine größere Fläche als die untere Wand 1 b des Gehäuses 1.Preferably, the side walls 1c of the housing 1 are each inclined to the upper wall 1a. The upper wall 1 a of the housing 1 thus has a larger area than the lower wall 1 b of the housing first

Das keramische Heizelement 2 wird von einem Montagerahmen 3 aus Kunststoff gehalten, der bevorzugt auch zwei Kontaktbleche 4 hält. Eines der beiden Kontaktbleche 4 trägt eine Isolierschicht, beispielsweise aus Kunststoff oder einem keramischen Material, bevorzugt Aluminiumoxid. Das andere Kontaktblech 4 kann ebenfalls mit einer Isolationsschicht bedeckt sein oder - wie bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel - das Gussgehäuse 1 kontaktieren, um einen Massekontakt zu bilden. Das Heizelement 2 liegt bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen den beiden Kontaktblechen. Es wird also an seinen beiden gegenüberliegenden Kontaktseiten von den Kontaktblechen 4 kontaktiert. Eine der beiden Kontaktflächen des Heizelements 2 ist der oberen Wand 1a und die andere Kontaktfläche der unteren Wand 1 b zugewandt.The ceramic heating element 2 is held by a mounting frame 3 made of plastic, which preferably also holds two contact plates 4. One of the two contact sheets 4 carries an insulating layer, for example made of plastic or a ceramic material, preferably alumina. The other contact plate 4 may also be covered with an insulating layer or - as in the illustrated embodiment - the cast housing 1 contact to form a ground contact. The heating element 2 is in the illustrated embodiment between the two contact plates. It is thus contacted at its two opposite contact sides of the contact plates 4. One of the two contact surfaces of the heating element 2 is the upper wall 1a and the other contact surface of the lower wall 1 b facing.

Wie insbesondere Figur 4 zeigt, liegt bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines der beiden Kontaktbleche 4 an einem nach innen erhöhten Bereich der unteren Wand 1 c des Gehäuses 1 an. In dem Innenraum des Gehäuses 1 ist also ein Sockel, auf dem das Kontaktblech 4 liegt. Der erhöhte Bereich ist auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten durch eine Stufe begrenzt. Zwischen den beiden plastisch verformten Seitenwänden 1 c und dem nach innen erhöhten Bereich befindet sich in dem Innenraum also jeweils ein abgesenkter Bereich, in dem jeweils ein Schenkel des Montagerahmens 3 liegt. Ein nach innen erhöhte Bereich kann an sich auch an der oberen Wand 1a des Gehäuses 1 ausgebildet sein und direkt an dem keramischen Heizelement 2 anliegen, falls nur ein einziges Kontaktblech verwendet wird.In particular FIG. 4 shows, in the illustrated embodiment, one of the two contact plates 4 at an inwardly raised portion of the lower wall 1 c of the housing 1 at. In the interior of the housing 1 is therefore a pedestal on which the contact plate 4 is located. The raised area is bounded on two opposite sides by a step. Between the two plastically deformed side walls 1 c and the inwardly raised region is thus located in the interior, in each case a lowered area, in each of which a leg of the mounting frame 3 is located. An inwardly raised area can also be formed on the upper wall 1a of the housing 1 and abut directly on the ceramic heating element 2, if only a single contact plate is used.

Das Gussgehäuse 1 ist aus einer Metalllegierung gegossen, beispielsweise aus einer Aluminiumbasislegierung. Bevorzugt ist die Aluminiumbasislegierung eine Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung. Der Gewichtsgehalt der Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung beträgt bevorzugt 5 Gew.-% bis 12 Gew.%, insbesondere 7 Gew.-% bis 11 Gew.-%.The cast housing 1 is cast from a metal alloy, such as an aluminum-based alloy. Preferably, the aluminum-based alloy is an aluminum-silicon alloy. The weight content of the aluminum-silicon alloy is preferably 5 wt .-% to 12 wt.%, In particular 7 wt .-% to 11 wt .-%.

Die Aluminiumbasislegierung kann zusätzlich weitere Legierungsbestandteile enthalten. Bevorzugt beträgt die Summe der übrigen Bestandteile der Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung weniger als 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere weniger als 2 Gew.-%. Bevorzugt enthält die Aluminiumbasislegierung 0,1 Gew.-% bis 1 Gew.-% Eisen, besonders bevorzugt 0,4 Gew.-% bis 0,8 Gew.-% Eisen. Bevorzugt ist der Aluminiumbasislegierung Strontium beigemischt, beispielsweise 0,5 Gew.-% bis 1,5 Gew.-% Strontium.The aluminum-based alloy may additionally contain other alloying ingredients. Preferably, the sum of the remaining constituents of the aluminum-silicon alloy is less than 5 wt .-%, more preferably less than 3 wt .-%, in particular less than 2 wt .-%. The aluminum-based alloy preferably contains from 0.1% by weight to 1% by weight of iron, particularly preferably from 0.4% by weight to 0.8% by weight of iron. The aluminum-based alloy strontium is preferably admixed, for example 0.5% by weight to 1.5% by weight strontium.

Das Gussgehäuse 1 kann nach dem Einführen des Montagerahmens 3 und dem Verpressen mit Kunststoff ummantelt werden. Der in den Figuren nicht dargestellte Kunststoffmantel kann beispielsweise durch Spritzgießen oder als Pulverbeschichtung aufgetragen werden.The cast housing 1 can be encased after insertion of the mounting frame 3 and the pressing with plastic. The plastic jacket, not shown in the figures, can be applied, for example, by injection molding or as a powder coating.

Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in dem Innenraum der Heizeinrichtung nur ein einziges Heizelement 2 angeordnet. In dem Innenraum der Heizeinrichtung können aber auch mehrere keramische Heizelemente angeordnet sein. Bezugszahlen 1 Gussgehäuse 1a Obere Wand 1b Untere Wand 1c Seitenwände 2 Heizelement 3 Montagerahmen 4 Kontaktblech In the illustrated embodiment, only a single heating element 2 is arranged in the interior of the heater. In the interior of the heater but can also be arranged a plurality of ceramic heating elements. <B> numerals </ b> 1 cast housing 1a Upper wall 1b Lower wall 1c side walls 2 heating element 3 mounting frame 4 contact sheet

Claims (12)

  1. A heating device, comprising
    at least one heating element (2), which has two mutually opposing contact sides on which the element is electrically contacted;
    a contact plate (4), which is seated against one of the two contact sides of the heating element (2);
    a cast metal housing (1), which surrounds an interior space in which the heating element (2) is disposed;
    the interior space being delimited by an upper wall (1a) and a lower wall (1b), and the upper wall (1a) and the lower wall (1b) being connected to each other by two mutually opposing side walls (1c),
    one of the two contact sides of the heating element (2) facing the upper wall (1a) and the other contact side facing the lower wall (1b), and
    the side walls (1c) being plastically deformed by compression of the housing (1), characterized in that the interior space has a tapered wedge shape prior to compression and the plastic deformation of the two mutually opposing side walls (1c) increases in the longitudinal direction of the side walls (1c) after compression.
  2. The heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that a mounting element (3) made of plastic material positions the heating element (2) on the contact plate (4).
  3. The heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the mounting element (3) positions two contact plates (4), between which the heating element (2) is seated.
  4. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower wall (1b) comprises a region that is raised toward the inside, with two lowered regions joining thereon, which extend in the interior space along the two side walls (1c).
  5. The heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the raised region is delimited on two mutually opposing sides by a step.
  6. The heating device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the contact plate (4), or one of the contact plates (4), is seated against the raised region.
  7. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (1) is made of an aluminum base alloy, which is an aluminum-silicon alloy.
  8. The heating device according to claim 7, characterized in that the silicon content is 5% by weight to 12% by weight, preferably 7% by weight to 11% by weight.
  9. The heating device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that all the remaining constituents of the aluminum-silicon alloy together account for less than 5% by weight, particularly preferably less than 3% by weight, and in particular less than 2% by weight.
  10. A heating device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the aluminum base alloy includes 0.1 to 1% by weight iron, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.8% by weight iron.
  11. A heating device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the content of strontium present in the aluminum-silicon alloy is 0.5% by weight to 1.5% by weight.
  12. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating element (2) is a ceramic heating element.
EP12162340.9A 2011-04-02 2012-03-30 Electric heating device Active EP2506661B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL12162340T PL2506661T3 (en) 2011-04-02 2012-03-30 Electric heating device

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102011015944 2011-04-02
DE102011053889 2011-09-23
DE102011054052 2011-09-29

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EP2506661B1 true EP2506661B1 (en) 2013-07-24

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013100973B4 (en) 2012-10-02 2022-08-11 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical heating device
DE102017209568A1 (en) 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh heater
DE102017123546A1 (en) * 2017-10-10 2019-04-11 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing a tank heater and tank heater

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2816076A1 (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-10-25 Siemens Ag HEATER WITH FERROELECTRIC CERAMIC HEATING ELEMENT
ES2099767T3 (en) * 1992-06-11 1997-06-01 David & Baader Dbk Spezfab METHOD TO PRODUCE A HEATING RESISTANCE WITH POSITIVE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT.
DE102005036430B4 (en) 2005-08-03 2011-05-05 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg tank heater
DE202005020765U1 (en) * 2005-08-10 2006-07-06 Stego-Holding Gmbh Heat transferring device for switch cabinet, has heat exchanger body with surface to transfer heat to ambient air and another surface to transfer heat from heating unit to body, and pressing unit connected with body by connecting sections
EP1931176B1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2011-10-05 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG An electrical heating device and its method of manufacturing
DE102009012982A1 (en) 2009-03-12 2010-09-16 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Heating device for heating liquid, has intermediate layer arranged on metallic housing and designed as film, where plastic housing and intermediate layer are made of polyphthalamide and acrylate resin, respectively

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EP2506661A1 (en) 2012-10-03
PL2506661T3 (en) 2014-01-31

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