EP2496372A2 - Noyaux à base de sel, procédé de fabrication de ces noyaux et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Noyaux à base de sel, procédé de fabrication de ces noyaux et leur utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP2496372A2
EP2496372A2 EP10776658A EP10776658A EP2496372A2 EP 2496372 A2 EP2496372 A2 EP 2496372A2 EP 10776658 A EP10776658 A EP 10776658A EP 10776658 A EP10776658 A EP 10776658A EP 2496372 A2 EP2496372 A2 EP 2496372A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
salt
cores
core
binder
salts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10776658A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thorsten Hartig
Gudrun Schiller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Emil Mueller GmbH
Original Assignee
Emil Mueller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emil Mueller GmbH filed Critical Emil Mueller GmbH
Publication of EP2496372A2 publication Critical patent/EP2496372A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C21/00—Flasks; Accessories therefor
    • B22C21/12—Accessories
    • B22C21/14—Accessories for reinforcing or securing moulding materials or cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/105—Salt cores

Definitions

  • Salt-based cores process for their preparation and their
  • the invention relates to salt-based cores, to processes for the preparation of salt-based cores, and to the use of such cores as cavity locators in the production of metallic castings, preferably in gravity casting technology, that is completely and without any problems due to solvents Whereabouts can be removed from the workpieces.
  • Cores which are used in the casting of metal workpieces into the molds in order to keep the cavities provided in the workpieces free when filling the molds with the melt place great demands.
  • the cores must be easy to produce, dimensionally stable and contour-accurate, and the materials used for their production and the dissolving solvents should not affect the casting quality, the environment or cause any health hazards.
  • the surface of the cores must be particularly smooth and contoured and the cores must dissolve completely in a suitable solvent and can be easily removed without leaving solid residue from the cavities of the workpieces .
  • Residues of cores containing non-dissolvable components such as quartz sand can cause damage to surfaces to be refined or cause the failure of an aggregate, for example, when core residues lead to blockage of an injector in the common rail system of a diesel engine.
  • Object of the present invention is cores based on salt with low porosity, good surface quality and the highest possible strength which can be easily and completely removed from the workpieces after casting the workpieces.
  • Another object of the present invention is to produce such cores in a simple and inexpensive forming process, preferably by the so-called dry pressing process.
  • the cores according to the invention consist of a salt, the binder and optionally adjuvants such as fillers, additives, wetting agents and catalysts can beige bechtcht. These cores are preferably intended for workpieces that are cast in the chill casting of non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum, brass or copper.
  • the cores according to the invention are composed of substances which can be removed with water, as a preferred solvent agent for reasons of environmental protection, residue on the cavities of the workpieces.
  • the quality of the castings is improved by casting defects such as Lun ker, gas pores or the like can be avoided by developing core gases.
  • the substances can be recovered by suitable processes from the liquid phase, for example the salt by spray drying or evaporation.
  • All compositions of the core materials can be processed in conventional mechanical or hydraulic presses by compacting.
  • the complexity of the geometry of the cores determines the manufacturing parameters as well as the design and constructive design of the tool for making the cores and the press.
  • Suitable core materials for the cores according to the invention are the salts of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal elements such as, in particular, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, sulfates and nitrates of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal elements such as, in particular, calium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium salts such as, in particular, ammonium sulphate , C urrent materials are preferred.
  • alkali metal and alkaline earth metal elements such as, in particular, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride
  • sulfates and nitrates of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal elements such as, in particular, calium sulfate, magnesium sulfate
  • ammonium salts such as, in particular, ammonium sulphate , C urrent materials are preferred.
  • These substances can be used singly or as a mixture, as long as they do not react with one another and thus have
  • all easily soluble salts are suitable whose decomposition or melting point above the temperature of the liquid Molten metal lies.
  • the core materials can be easily and simply divided into the desired grain sizes or grain classes.
  • the selected particle size distribution and the degree of compaction selected influence in particular the surface properties of the cores. The smaller the grain size, the smoother the surface.
  • the highest possible degree of compaction is desired, which can be achieved by mixing different salts and optionally the additional substances with different distribution curves, for example by a bi- or trimodal grain distribution in the mixture.
  • grain sizes in the range of 0.01 mm to 2 mm are preferred, depending on the core material, the desired surface quality and contour accuracy of the workpiece to be cast.
  • grain size fractions of 0.01 mm to 0.29 mm, 0.3 mm to 1, 3 mm and / or 1, 31 mm to 2.0 mm are mixed in different proportions.
  • Fillers which can also be removed completely by water as a solvent and residue-free, may optionally replace part of the salt as far as the density and strength are not adversely affected. According to the invention, it has been found that up to 30% by weight of the salt can be replaced by corresponding fillers.
  • the grain size of the filler is suitably adjusted to the grain size or the particle size distribution of the salt.
  • At least one suitable binder / binder or binder system is added to the salt prior to compaction.
  • All binders / binders are possible, which can be removed without residue after curing with water as the solvent, and the salt and optionally the additives are good the mixture of these substances must be malleable by means of compression into lost cores.
  • binders / binders, inorganic phosphates, inorganic borates, silicate compounds or mixtures of these binders are suitable if they can be removed without residue with water as solvent.
  • binders / binders of water-soluble silicates such as water-soluble water glass with a water glass module of 1 to 5 are preferred, whereby water glasses with different water glass module can also be present as a mixture.
  • the amount added depends on the water glass module used and, depending on the wetting behavior, is between 0.5% by weight and 15% by weight, preferably between 5% by weight and 8% by weight. In order to achieve the properties necessary for the subsequent casting process, such as strength and dimensional stability, it is also possible to use special mixtures of binders.
  • the properties of the mixture of salt according to the invention, optionally excipients such as additives, fillers, wetting agents and / or catalysts and binders or binder system can be influenced by the targeted addition of additives. It is also a prerequisite here that these additives or the reaction products of these additives with water as the solvent are completely removable from the cavity of a workpiece completely and residue-free and no casting-negative gases are released during casting, which can lead to casting defects.
  • these additives may be selected from: wetting agents, for example surfactants, additives affecting the consistency of the mixture, lubricants, deagglomerating additives, gelling agents, additives which modify the thermophysical properties of the core, for example the thermal conductivity, additives which adhere the composition Metal on the cores prevent additions that lead to better homogenization and miscibility, additives that increase shelf life, additives that prevent premature curing, additives that prevent smoke and condensate formation during casting, and additives that accelerate curing.
  • wetting agents for example surfactants
  • additives affecting the consistency of the mixture for example the consistency of the mixture
  • lubricants for example the consistency of the mixture
  • deagglomerating additives for example the thermal conductivity
  • additives which adhere the composition Metal on the cores prevent additions that lead to better homogenization and miscibility, additives that increase shelf life, additives that prevent premature curing, additives that prevent smoke and condensate formation during casting, and additives that accelerate curing.
  • additives are known
  • the cores in order for the cores to have the required strength after dry-pressing, it may be necessary to use catalysed catalysts to initiate and accelerate the cure.
  • the addition of especially fine-grained salt preferably the addition of powdered salt with a particle size below 100 nm, acts as a catalyst for curing.
  • the gas influencing the core material preferably CO 2 or air, in particular for hardening and drying of the cores after dry pressing, can be injected into the still closed mold.
  • the pressure can be up to 5 bar.
  • the core material is composed of the salt and the binder and, if necessary, the additives such as fillers, additives and catalysts, wherein the fillers and binders are inorganic. All substances can be homogeneously mixed with known mixing units. The added amount of binder and Additives are to be selected depending on the purpose of the cores and determines the surface quality and the density and strength of the cores.
  • the core material For the further processing of the core material to the usable core, it is of fundamental importance in which form the core material is present. If, as in the present invention, solid core materials are preferred, then it is of decisive importance whether the core materials are agglomerated or deagglomerated and whether they are in free-flowing form. Only free-flowing core material mixtures are capable of automatically and completely filling the so-called filling shoes used in the dry pressing process, the shaping process preferred according to the invention. Particularly preferred as the core material according to the invention are therefore free-flowing mixtures of the salt, the waterglass used as binder and the other admixtures.
  • the processing of the core materials is carried out separately from the manufacturing process, whereby appropriate protective measures must be provided to prevent agglomeration and premature curing, if necessary.
  • appropriate protective measures For example, depending on the composition of the core material, treatment, transport and storage can also be carried out under protective gas or vacuum.
  • composition and properties of a core have a significant impact on the quality of the casting.
  • the salt cores based on sodium chloride prepared according to the invention usually have a density of 1.5 g / cm 3 to 1.9 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.2 g / cm 3 to 1.8 g / cm 3 , determined by the buoyancy method , This corresponds to a porosity of 10% to 35%, preferably from 5% to 25%.
  • the flexural strength, measured according to VDG leaflet P73, is between 400 N / cm 2 and 1500 N / cm 2 . With reference to an embodiment, therefore, the most important properties are listed below. The properties given refer to cores that are not coated with a size.
  • the core was molded at a pressure of 50 to 1 20 bar on a hydraulic press. It was subjected to a thermal after-treatment of 60 min duration at 200 ° C for curing.
  • the present core is particularly suitable for use in aluminum chill casting. In order to withstand the temperatures and forces that occur during casting, the core must be dimensionally stable. The mechanical properties of the core were determined on a specimen measuring 180 mm in length, 22 mm in width and 22 mm in height.
  • the flexural strength measured according to VDG leaflet P73 (February 1996) is 400 and 1500 N / cm 2
  • the porosity also plays a decisive role.
  • the pore content is 30 in this embodiment
  • the core After the casting is completely solidified, the core must be removed. It is important that the core completely and easily dissolves immediately and without solid residues. (Note: in the context of the present invention, the term “water-soluble”, “dissolve” or “dissolve” means that it does not necessarily mean the chemical term of dissolving.) It is decisive that the constituents of the invention The nuclei can be easily and completely removed from the cavity of a workpiece by water as a solvent.) The dissolution behavior of the core is, of course, dependent on the core materials and their pretreatment, as well as the Core size dependent.
  • cores based on salt which can be produced by molding and compacting a core material mixture whose core materials are selected from at least one salt, at least one binder and optionally excipients such
  • the teaching of the invention further relates to: Process for the preparation of cores based on salt, wherein a core material mixture whose core materials are selected from at least one salt, at least one binder and optionally from excipients such as additives, fillers, wetting agents and or catalysts, in homogeneously mixed in a non-liquid form, shaped into a core and compressed in a dry pressing process.
  • a core material mixture whose core materials are selected from at least one salt, at least one binder and optionally from excipients such as additives, fillers, wetting agents and or catalysts, in homogeneously mixed in a non-liquid form, shaped into a core and compressed in a dry pressing process.
  • salts of alkali metal and alkaline earth elements in particular sodium chloride, potassium chloride and / or magnesium chloride, sulfates and nitrates of alkali and alkaline earth elements, in particular potassium sulfate and / or magnesium sulfate, and ammonium salts, in particular ammonium sulfate or mixtures of these salts can be selected, which, optionally mixed with the additional excipients, homogeneously mixed, molded into the core and compressed in the dry pressing process; the core materials, depending on the material, desired surface quality and contour accuracy of the metal to be cast workpiece, with Grain sizes in the range of 0.01 mm to 2 mm are used, formed into a core and compressed in a dry pressing process; the core materials are homogeneously mixed into a free-flowing core material mixture, shaped into a core and compacted in
  • the cores according to the invention can be used, for example, as hollow spacers in the production of metal castings, preferably in gravity casting technology.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Des noyaux employés lors du moulage sous pression de pièces en métal dans le moule, pour maintenir libres les cavités prévues dans les pièces lors du remplissage des moules avec la matière en fusion, font l'objet d'exigences élevées en ce qui concerne leur indéformabilité et leur aptitude à être extraits des cavités. L'invention prévoit à cet effet des noyaux à base de sel pouvant être fabriqués par moulage et compression d'un mélange de matériaux de noyau choisis parmi au moins un sel, au moins un liant et éventuellement des agents auxiliaires tels que des additifs, des charges, des agents mouillants et des catalyseurs, le sel, le liant et les éventuels agents auxiliaires du mélange de matériaux de noyau étant inorganiques et les matériaux de noyau pouvant être dissous au moyen d'eau en tant que solvant.
EP10776658A 2009-11-06 2010-11-05 Noyaux à base de sel, procédé de fabrication de ces noyaux et leur utilisation Withdrawn EP2496372A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009046488 2009-11-06
PCT/EP2010/066884 WO2011054920A2 (fr) 2009-11-06 2010-11-05 Noyaux à base de sel, procédé de fabrication de ces noyaux et leur utilisation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2496372A2 true EP2496372A2 (fr) 2012-09-12

Family

ID=43768868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10776658A Withdrawn EP2496372A2 (fr) 2009-11-06 2010-11-05 Noyaux à base de sel, procédé de fabrication de ces noyaux et leur utilisation

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2496372A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20120125235A (fr)
CN (1) CN102695572A (fr)
BR (1) BR112012010788A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010043451A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2012005213A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011054920A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010038455A1 (de) * 2010-07-27 2012-02-02 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserlöslichen Salzkernen zur Ausbildung von Hohlformen in Gießverfahren
DE102012006572A1 (de) 2012-01-25 2013-07-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung komplex geformter Gussteile mit einer Druckgießmaschine
WO2013152851A2 (fr) * 2012-04-10 2013-10-17 Emil Müller GmbH Noyaux à base de sel, procédé de fabrication de ces noyaux et leur utilisation
CN103433428B (zh) * 2013-09-12 2016-01-20 赵秋会 一种复合铸造方法
CN103624247B (zh) * 2013-12-02 2016-01-27 无锡夕阳康科技有限公司 节能型盐芯盐的回收装备
CN103722121B (zh) * 2014-01-08 2016-06-29 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 一种磷酸盐复合材料及其制备方法和盐芯
DE102016221033A1 (de) 2015-10-26 2017-04-27 Emil Müller GmbH Salzkerne und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Salzkernen
CN107931533A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-04-20 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 一种基于熔盐的可溶型芯及其制备方法与应用
CN107774883A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-09 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 一种基于多元熔盐体系的可溶型芯及其制备方法与应用
CN107971461A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-05-01 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 一种基于单体熔盐的可溶型芯及其制备方法与应用
CN107971451A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-05-01 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 一种基于三元熔盐体系的可溶型芯及其制备方法与应用
CN107838365A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-27 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 一种基于二元熔盐体系的可溶型芯及其制备方法与应用

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US4480681A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-11-06 Doulton Industrial Products Limited Refractory mould body and method of casting using the mould body
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DE102004006600B4 (de) * 2004-02-11 2006-03-23 Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag Entfernbarer Kern zum Metallgießen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kerns
EP1781433A2 (fr) * 2003-12-17 2007-05-09 KS Aluminium Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Noyau pouvant etre retire pour le moulage de metaux et procede de production dudit noyau
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JP4950998B2 (ja) * 2005-09-30 2012-06-13 セラムテック アクチエンゲゼルシャフト イノヴェイティヴ セラミック エンジニアリング コアならびにコアの製造法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112012010788A2 (pt) 2016-03-29
WO2011054920A2 (fr) 2011-05-12
DE102010043451A1 (de) 2011-05-12
MX2012005213A (es) 2012-07-03
KR20120125235A (ko) 2012-11-14
CN102695572A (zh) 2012-09-26
WO2011054920A3 (fr) 2011-10-13

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