EP2494846B1 - Cook top comprising at least two heating elements and a power electronics arrangement - Google Patents

Cook top comprising at least two heating elements and a power electronics arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2494846B1
EP2494846B1 EP10776822.8A EP10776822A EP2494846B1 EP 2494846 B1 EP2494846 B1 EP 2494846B1 EP 10776822 A EP10776822 A EP 10776822A EP 2494846 B1 EP2494846 B1 EP 2494846B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating elements
power supply
cook top
supply units
heating
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EP10776822.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2494846A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Anton Falcon
Carlos Bernal Ruiz
José Miguel Burdio Pinilla
Jose Maria De La Cuerda Ortin
Jose-Ramon Garcia Jimenez
Pablo Jesus Hernandez Blasco
Sergio Llorente Gil
Oscar Lucia Gil
Arturo Mediano Heredia
Ignacio Millan Serrano
Fernando Monterde Aznar
Daniel Moros Sanz
Jose Joaquin Paricio Azcona
Diego Puyal Puente
Jose Ignacio Artigas Maestre
Luis Angel Barragan Perez
Claudio Carretero Chamarro
Oscar Jimenez Navascues
Denis Navarro Tabernero
Isidro Urriza Parroque
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP2494846A1 publication Critical patent/EP2494846A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H05B6/065—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like using coordinated control of multiple induction coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hob with at least two heating elements and a power electronics assembly according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Cooking hobs which comprise a plurality of heating elements and a power electronics assembly for connecting the hob to one or more phases of a household power grid. It is common to use separate power electronics assemblies each with a filter and a rectifier for each phase of a household power grid. Hobs, which are connected to only one phase of the household electricity network, are usually of low cost and simple design and have due to the power limitation of the household electricity network over a limited heating capacity, which may be, for example, a maximum of 4.6 kW.
  • Such switch assemblies typically combine a large number of heating elements, for example, small inducers of a matrix cooktop, with a much smaller number of power supply units, such as inverters.
  • the switch assembly therefore branches in the direction of the heating elements and each heating element is usually associated with the end of a branch of the branching tree structure.
  • Each of the heating elements can therefore be connected in exactly one way to a power supply unit get connected. Exceptions to this rule can be found in cooktops with a so-called booster mode, in which two power supply units can be interconnected to operate a single heating element.
  • a corresponding electromechanical relay opens or closes a bridge between the two power supply units, in particular between two inverters of an induction hob. Since the heating power is to be concentrated in the booster mode just on a heating element, in each case a further switch is disposed between this switch bridge and the heating elements, which can separate the heating elements not to be heated from the power supply.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of making the association between power supply units and heating elements more flexible, reducing the number of switching operations necessary for the alternating use of a power supply unit for a plurality of heating elements and simplifying the fulfillment of standards for electromagnetic compatibility. Furthermore, the invention has the object to enable emergency operation of the hob even if one of the switches in the switch assembly is rendered inoperable by a defect.
  • the invention relates to a hob with at least two heating elements and a power electronics assembly for connection to a single phase of a household electricity network.
  • the power electronics assembly includes a plurality of power supply units for supplying each one or more heating elements with heating currents.
  • the hob comprises a switch assembly with a plurality of electromechanical Relay for connecting and / or disconnecting the power supply units to and from the heating elements.
  • the invention relates to cooking fields with at least three heating zones or at least three heating elements, which are fed by a single phase of the household electricity network and which are arranged, for example, under a cover plate with edge lengths between 60 and 80 cm.
  • At least one of the heating elements is fixedly connected to one of at least two output terminals of at least two of the electromechanical relays.
  • a redundant switch arrangement is realized, in which the heating element can be supplied with heating current optionally via two different paths, wherein each of the paths comprises one of the two relays.
  • the number of switching options and the number of possible assignments between power supply units and heating elements is significantly increased, thereby increasing the flexibility of the hob.
  • the heating elements are inductors and the power supply units comprise an inverter which can generate a high-frequency heating current from the rectified and possibly filtered current from the household power grid.
  • the frequencies of heating currents in induction hobs are typically between 20 kHz and 100 kHz.
  • the sum of the nominal outputs of the heating elements can be selected greater than the nominal power of the power electronics assembly.
  • the nominal power of the power electronics assembly is usually just below the maximum available power of a phase of the household power grid and can be, for example, 4.6 kW for Germany.
  • the maximum power consumed by the power electronics can also be made adjustable depending on the available power. This setting can be used in combination with other country settings, such as a time zone and / or language.
  • each of the heating elements is fixedly connected to one of at least two output terminals of at least two of the electromechanical relays.
  • the redundant power supply can thus be realized for each of the heating elements.
  • one or more heating elements may be connected to one of at least two output terminals of only a single electromagnetic relay.
  • the power electronics assembly includes a low pass filter and a rectifier shared for all power supply units.
  • single-pole changeover switches can be used as electromechanical relays, wherein the two output poles can be connected to different heating elements.
  • a common center terminal of the relay is connected to a power supply unit and the two output poles of the relay are each arranged with a heating element or in the connection between the heating element and the power supply unit in the corresponding direction.
  • a further increased flexibility of the switch arrangement can be realized by a plurality of series-connected relays in a connection between a power supply unit and a heating element.
  • the switch arrangement may in particular comprise a plurality of branch layers.
  • the number of branch layers or the number of relays connected in series can also be designed differently for different heating elements.
  • the centrally arranged heating elements can be very flexibly combined with other heating elements to heating zones, which is not necessary for heating elements which are arranged at the edge of the heating zone to the same extent.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a hob with four heating elements 10a-10d and a power electronics assembly 12.
  • the power electronics assembly is used to connect the hob to a single phase 14 of a household power network and supplies the entire hob from the flow of this phase fourteenth
  • the power electronics assembly includes a filter 16 and a rectifier 18 which filter the AC drawn from the household power grid and in a DC current convert, which undergoes further filtering by a damping capacitor 20.
  • the filter 16 is a low-pass filter that prevents damage to the hob by strong pulses from the household power grid and flicker amplifying feedback from the hob in the household power grid.
  • the power electronics module further comprises two power supply units 22a, 22b, which are designed as inverters and which are operated by a control unit, not shown here, so that a heating current is generated at a desired heating frequency.
  • the two inverters 22a, 22b can generate heating currents with different heating frequencies, different amplitudes and / or different load cycles or phases in order to generate the desired heating power in the heating elements 10a-10d.
  • the heating elements 10a-10d are inductors that generate a high-frequency magnetic field at the frequency of the heating current. The magnetic field induces eddy currents in a ferromagnetic bottom of a cooking utensil element placed on the hob in the region of the relevant heating element 10a-10d, which is heated thereby.
  • a switch arrangement 24 with electromechanical relays 26a-26d is arranged between the power supply units 22a, 22b and the heating elements 10a-10d.
  • the relays 26a-26d are unipolar changeover switches whose common center connection is connected to a respective pole of two further relays 28a, 28b.
  • the further relays 28a, 28b are connected via their center connection to a respective power supply unit 22a, 22b.
  • Each of the power supply units 22a, 22b may be connected to each of the heating elements 10a-10d by appropriate switching of the relays 26a, 26b, 28a-28d.
  • the heating elements 10a-10d are in turn fixedly connected to two output terminals of two different relays 26a-26d of the second relay layer of the switch arrangement 24.
  • each of the heating elements 10a-10d can be connected to both power supply units 22a, 22b at the same time in order to concentrate the total available energy on the heating element 10a-10d in question.
  • the two power supply units 22a, 22b designed as inverters should generate heating currents with the same heating frequency in order to avoid destructive interference.
  • the output poles of the relays 26a-26d, to which one of the heating elements 10a-10d is connected, are selected so that in the non-switching state of the relay 26a-26d exactly one of the two relays connects the heating element 10a-10d to one of the power supply units 22a, 22b while the other relay 26a-26d disconnects the connection to the other power supply unit 22a, 22b.
  • the heating element 10a is thus connected, for example, to the normally closed (NC) output terminal of the relay 26b and to the normally open (NO) output terminal of the relay 26c.
  • the sum of the nominal powers of the heating elements 10a-10d is greater than the nominal power of the power electronics assembly 12 and the phase 14 of the household power grid.
  • the sum of the nominal outputs of the heating elements 10a-10d can be 7.2 kW and the nominal power of the power electronics assembly 4.6 kW.
  • FIG. 1 illustrated two-layer structure of the switch assembly 24 are arranged in the connections between the heating elements 10a-10d and the power supply units 22a, 22b each have two series-connected relay 28a, 28b, 26a-26d.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the following description is limited essentially to differences from those in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, while with regard to consistent features on the description in Fig. 1 is referenced.
  • the hob comprises three heating elements 10a-10c and the switch assembly 24 includes only a total of four relays 28a, 28b, 26a, 26b.
  • the heating element 10a is connected to the power supply units 22a, 22b via only one relay 28a, 28b, while the heating elements 10b, 10c are connected to the power supply units 22a, 22b via two series-connected relays 26a, 28a and 26b, 28b, respectively.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention with only two relays 26a, 26b and three heating elements 10a, 10b, 10c. Of the heating elements, only the middle heating element 10b is connected to output terminals of both relays 26a, 26b, while the heating elements 10a are connected to the output terminal of only one relay 26a, 26b, respectively.
  • Fig. 4 shows a generalization of the structure of an induction hob according to the invention with M power supply units 22.1-22.M or inverters and N heating elements 10.1-10.N, which are connected via a switch assembly 24 to the power supply units 22.1-22.M. It is M ⁇ N.
  • the number K of the branching stages 30.1-30.K of the array 24 is at least as large as the smallest integer larger than the two logarithm of the number of power supply units M.
  • the switch assembly 24 may be mounted on a separate board or together with the power supplies 22.1-22.M on a single board. The same applies to the low-pass filter 16 and the rectifier 18. These elements can also be mounted on a separate board or together with the power supply units 22.1-22.M on a large board.
  • the invention can be used both for traditional well mirrors with four fixed heating zones and for matrix hobs with a large number of heating elements arranged in a grid and flexibly combined to heat a single pot.
  • the topology in Fig. 3 is particularly suitable for troughs with so-called paella heating zones in which in the middle of the hob with the help of the central heating element 10b, a large heating zone for heating a Paellapfanne is generated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Induction Heating Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kochfeld mit wenigstens zwei Heizelementen und einer Leistungselektronikanordnung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a hob with at least two heating elements and a power electronics assembly according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der EP 0 986 287 B1 aus der EP 193177 A1 , aus der WO 2005/043737 und aus der EP 0 971 562 B1 sind Kochfelder bekannt, die mehrere Heizelemente und eine Leistungselektronikanordnung zum Anschluss des Kochfelds an eine oder mehrere Phasen eines Haushaltsstromnetzes umfassen. Es ist üblich, separate Leistungselektronikanordnungen mit jeweils einem Filter und einem Gleichrichter für jede Phase eines Haushaltsstromnetzes zu verwenden. Kochfelder, die nur an eine einzige Phase des Haushaltsstromnetzes angeschlossen werden, sind in der Regel von kostengünstiger und einfacher Bauart und verfügen aufgrund der Leistungsbegrenzung des Haushaltsstromnetzes über eine begrenzte Heizleistung, die beispielsweise maximal 4,6 kW betragen kann.From the EP 0 986 287 B1 from the EP 193177 A1 , from the WO 2005/043737 and from the EP 0 971 562 B1 Cooking hobs are known which comprise a plurality of heating elements and a power electronics assembly for connecting the hob to one or more phases of a household power grid. It is common to use separate power electronics assemblies each with a filter and a rectifier for each phase of a household power grid. Hobs, which are connected to only one phase of the household electricity network, are usually of low cost and simple design and have due to the power limitation of the household electricity network over a limited heating capacity, which may be, for example, a maximum of 4.6 kW.

Andererseits gibt es einen Trend, Kochfelder mit einer Vielzahl von Heizelementen auszustatten, die flexibel eingesetzt werden können und abhängig von einer Größe und/oder Position eines auf das Kochfeld aufgestellten Kochgeschirrelements zugeschaltet oder abgeschaltet werden können. In solchen Kochfeldern werden unabhängig voneinander betätigbare Stromversorgungseinheiten eingesetzt, die jeweils zum Beheizen eines Kochgeschirrelements eingesetzt werden und über eine Schalteranordnung flexibel mit den Heizelementen verschaltet werden können, die dem jeweiligen Kochgeschirrelement zugeordnet sind. Es ist ferner bekannt, zur Realisierung solcher Schalteranordnungen elektromechanische Relais zu verwenden, die eine Verbindung zwischen den Stromversorgungseinheiten und den Heizelementen herstellen oder trennen können.On the other hand, there is a trend to provide cooktops with a plurality of heating elements that can be flexibly used and can be switched on or off depending on a size and / or position of a cookware element placed on the cooktop. In such cooktops independently operable power supply units are used, which are each used for heating a cooking utensil element and can be flexibly connected via a switch arrangement with the heating elements, which are associated with the respective cookware element. It is also known to use electromechanical relays for the realization of such switch arrangements, which can establish or disconnect a connection between the power supply units and the heating elements.

Derartige Schalteranordnungen verknüpfen in der Regel eine große Anzahl von Heizelementen, beispielsweise von kleinen Induktoren eines Matrix-Kochfelds, mit einer sehr viel geringeren Anzahl von Stromversorgungseinheiten, beispielsweise Wechselrichtern. Die Schalteranordnung verzweigt sich daher in Richtung der Heizelemente und jedes Heizelement ist in der Regel dem Ende eines Asts der sich verzweigenden Baumstruktur zugeordnet. Jedes der Heizelemente kann daher auf genau eine Weise mit einer Stromversorgungseinheit verbunden werden. Ausnahmen von dieser Regel finden sich in Kochfeldern mit einem sogenannten Booster-Modus, in dem zwei Stromversorgungseinheiten zum Betreiben eines einzigen Heizelements zusammengeschaltet werden können. Ein entsprechendes elektromechanisches Relais öffnet oder schließt eine Brücke zwischen den beiden Stromversorgungseinheiten, insbesondere zwischen zwei Wechselrichtern eines Induktionskochfelds. Da die Heizleistung ja im Booster-Modus gerade auf ein Heizelement konzentriert werden soll, ist zwischen dieser Schalterbrücke und den Heizelementen jeweils ein weiterer Schalter angeordnet, der die nicht zu beheizenden Heizelemente von der Stromversorgung trennen kann.Such switch assemblies typically combine a large number of heating elements, for example, small inducers of a matrix cooktop, with a much smaller number of power supply units, such as inverters. The switch assembly therefore branches in the direction of the heating elements and each heating element is usually associated with the end of a branch of the branching tree structure. Each of the heating elements can therefore be connected in exactly one way to a power supply unit get connected. Exceptions to this rule can be found in cooktops with a so-called booster mode, in which two power supply units can be interconnected to operate a single heating element. A corresponding electromechanical relay opens or closes a bridge between the two power supply units, in particular between two inverters of an induction hob. Since the heating power is to be concentrated in the booster mode just on a heating element, in each case a further switch is disposed between this switch bridge and the heating elements, which can separate the heating elements not to be heated from the power supply.

Um Kosteneinsparungspotentiale zu erschließen, ist es wichtig, die verfügbaren Ressourcen flexibel für verschiedene Heizelemente einsetzen zu können. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass die gleichzeitige Verwendung aller Heizelemente eines Kochfelds mit sehr vielen Heizelementen unwahrscheinlich ist und dass selbst dann, wenn alle Heizzonen bzw. Heizelemente verwendet werden, nur in den seltensten Fällen jedes der Heizelemente mit der maximalen Leistung betrieben werden muss.In order to tap cost-saving potential, it is important to be able to use the available resources flexibly for different heating elements. It should be noted that the simultaneous use of all the heating elements of a hob with a large number of heating elements is unlikely and that even if all heating zones or heating elements are used, only in the rarest cases, each of the heating elements must be operated with the maximum power.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Zuordnung zwischen Stromversorgungseinheiten und Heizelementen flexibler zu gestalten, die für die abwechselnde Verwendung einer Stromversorgungseinheit für mehrere Heizelemente notwendige Anzahl von Umschaltvorgängen zu reduzieren und das Erfüllen von Normen zur elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit zu vereinfachen. Ferner liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Notbetrieb des Kochfelds auch dann zu ermöglichen, wenn einer der Schalter in der Schalteranordnung durch einen Defekt funktionsuntüchtig wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of making the association between power supply units and heating elements more flexible, reducing the number of switching operations necessary for the alternating use of a power supply unit for a plurality of heating elements and simplifying the fulfillment of standards for electromagnetic compatibility. Furthermore, the invention has the object to enable emergency operation of the hob even if one of the switches in the switch assembly is rendered inoperable by a defect.

Die Aufgabe wird insbesondere durch ein Kochfeld mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved in particular by a hob with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung betrifft einem Kochfeld mit wenigstens zwei Heizelementen und einer Leistungselektronikanordnung zum Anschluss an eine einzige Phase eines Haushaltsstromnetzes. Die Leistungselektronikanordnung umfasst mehrere Stromversorgungseinheiten zur Versorgung jeweils eines oder mehrerer Heizelemente mit Heizströmen. Ferner umfasst das Kochfeld eine Schalteranordnung mit mehreren elektromechanischen Relais zum Verbinden und oder Trennen der Stromversorgungseinheiten mit bzw. von den Heizelementen.The invention relates to a hob with at least two heating elements and a power electronics assembly for connection to a single phase of a household electricity network. The power electronics assembly includes a plurality of power supply units for supplying each one or more heating elements with heating currents. Furthermore, the hob comprises a switch assembly with a plurality of electromechanical Relay for connecting and / or disconnecting the power supply units to and from the heating elements.

Die Erfindung betrifft kochfelder mit wenigstens drei Heizzonen bzw. wenigstens drei Heizelementen, die von einer einzigen Phase des Haushaltsstromnetzes gespeist werden und die beispielsweise unter einer Abdeckplatte mit Kantenlängen zwischen 60 und 80 cm angeordnet sind.The invention relates to cooking fields with at least three heating zones or at least three heating elements, which are fed by a single phase of the household electricity network and which are arranged, for example, under a cover plate with edge lengths between 60 and 80 cm.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass zumindest eines der Heizelemente fest mit jeweils einem von zumindest zwei Ausgangspolen von wenigstens zwei der elektromechanischen Relais verbunden ist. Dadurch wird eine redundante Schalteranordnung realisiert, in der das Heizelement wahlweise über zwei verschiedene Wege mit Heizstrom versorgt werden kann, wobei jeder der Wege eines der beiden Relais umfasst. Die Anzahl der Schaltmöglichkeiten und die Anzahl der möglichen Zuordnungen zwischen Stromversorgungseinheiten und Heizelementen wird deutlich erhöht und damit die Flexibilität des Kochfelds erhöht.It is proposed that at least one of the heating elements is fixedly connected to one of at least two output terminals of at least two of the electromechanical relays. As a result, a redundant switch arrangement is realized, in which the heating element can be supplied with heating current optionally via two different paths, wherein each of the paths comprises one of the two relays. The number of switching options and the number of possible assignments between power supply units and heating elements is significantly increased, thereby increasing the flexibility of the hob.

Wegen der kurzen Ansprechzeiten von Induktionskochfeldern im Vergleich zu Strahlungskochfeldern sind Induktionskochfelder für einen Zeitmultiplexbetrieb besonders geeignet. Daher kommen die Vorteile der Erfindung bei ihrer Anwendung auf Induktionskochfelder besonders zum Tragen. In diesem Fall sind die Heizelemente Induktoren und die Stromversorgungseinheiten umfassen einen Wechselrichter, der einen hochfrequenten Heizstrom aus dem gleichgerichteten und ggf. gefilterten Strom aus dem Haushaltsstromnetz erzeugen kann. Die Frequenzen von Heizströmen in Induktionskochfeldern liegen typischerweise zwischen 20 kHz und 100 kHz.Due to the short response times of induction hobs compared to radiant fields, induction hobs are particularly suitable for time division multiplexing. Therefore, the advantages of the invention in its application to induction cooktops come especially to fruition. In this case, the heating elements are inductors and the power supply units comprise an inverter which can generate a high-frequency heating current from the rectified and possibly filtered current from the household power grid. The frequencies of heating currents in induction hobs are typically between 20 kHz and 100 kHz.

Da durch die Erfindung die Verteilung der verfügbaren Energie auf die Heizelemente bzw. Heizzonen vereinfacht werden kann, kann auch mit einer geringeren Nominalleistung der Leistungselektronikanordnung ein befriedigendes Ergebnis erzielt werden. Insbesondere kann die Summe der Nominalleistungen der Heizelemente größer als die Nominalleistung der Leistungselektronikanordnung gewählt werden. Die Nominalleistung der Leistungselektronikanordnung liegt in der Regel knapp unterhalb der maximal verfügbaren Leistung einer Phase des Haushaltsstromnetzes und kann beispielsweise für Deutschland 4,6 kW betragen. Die von der Leistungselektronik maximal in Anspruch genommene Leistung kann ferner abhängig von der verfügbaren Leistung einstellbar gestaltet werden. Diese Einstellung kann in Kombination mit weiteren Ländereinstellungen, beispielsweise einer Zeitzone und/oder Sprache, erfolgen.Since the distribution of the available energy to the heating elements or heating zones can be simplified by the invention, a satisfactory result can be achieved even with a lower nominal power of the power electronics assembly. In particular, the sum of the nominal outputs of the heating elements can be selected greater than the nominal power of the power electronics assembly. The nominal power of the power electronics assembly is usually just below the maximum available power of a phase of the household power grid and can be, for example, 4.6 kW for Germany. The maximum power consumed by the power electronics can also be made adjustable depending on the available power. This setting can be used in combination with other country settings, such as a time zone and / or language.

Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass im schaltstromlosen Zustand bzw. im "normally closed" (NC) Zustand der beiden Relais genau eines der beiden Relais das Heizelement mit einer der Stromversorgungseinheiten verbindet, während das andere Relais die Verbindung zu der gleichen Stromversorgungseinheit oder einer anderen Stromversorgungseinheit trennt. Dadurch kann ein Betrieb des Heizelements auch dann realisiert werden, wenn aufgrund eines Defekts die Schaltströme nicht verfügbar sind.It is also proposed that in the no-current state or in the "normally closed" (NC) state of the two relays, exactly one of the two relays connects the heating element to one of the power supply units while the other relay disconnects the connection to the same power supply unit or other power supply unit , As a result, an operation of the heating element can also be realized if due to a defect, the switching currents are not available.

Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass jedes der Heizelemente fest mit jeweils einem von zumindest zwei Ausgangspolen von wenigstens zwei der elektromechanischen Relais verbunden ist. Die redundante Stromversorgung kann damit für jedes der Heizelemente realisiert werden. Alternativ dazu können auch ein oder mehrere Heizelemente mit einem von zumindest zwei Ausgangspolen von nur einem einzigen elektromagnetischen Relais verbunden sein.It is also proposed that each of the heating elements is fixedly connected to one of at least two output terminals of at least two of the electromechanical relays. The redundant power supply can thus be realized for each of the heating elements. Alternatively, one or more heating elements may be connected to one of at least two output terminals of only a single electromagnetic relay.

Kosteneinsparungspotentiale durch die gemeinsame Verwendung von Hardware können realisiert werden, wenn die Leistungselektronikanordnung ein für alle Stromversorgungseinheiten gemeinsam verwendetes Tiefpassfilter und einen Gleichrichter umfasst.Cost saving potentials through the sharing of hardware can be realized if the power electronics assembly includes a low pass filter and a rectifier shared for all power supply units.

Als elektromechanische Relais können insbesondere einpolige Wechselschalter verwendet werden, wobei die beiden Ausgangspole mit unterschiedlichen Heizelementen verbunden sein können. In diesem Fall wird ferner vorgeschlagen, dass ein gemeinsamer Mittelanschluss des Relais mit einer Stromversorgungseinheit verbunden ist und die beiden Ausgangspole des Relais mit jeweils einem Heizelement bzw. in der Verbindung zwischen dem Heizelement und der Stromversorgungseinheit in der entsprechenden Richtung angeordnet sind.In particular, single-pole changeover switches can be used as electromechanical relays, wherein the two output poles can be connected to different heating elements. In this case, it is further proposed that a common center terminal of the relay is connected to a power supply unit and the two output poles of the relay are each arranged with a heating element or in the connection between the heating element and the power supply unit in the corresponding direction.

Eine weiter erhöhte Flexibilität der Schalteranordnung kann durch mehrere in Reihe geschaltete Relais in einer Verbindung zwischen einer Stromversorgungseinheit und einem Heizelement realisiert werden. Die Schalteranordnung kann insbesondere mehrere Verzweigungsschichten umfassen.A further increased flexibility of the switch arrangement can be realized by a plurality of series-connected relays in a connection between a power supply unit and a heating element. The switch arrangement may in particular comprise a plurality of branch layers.

Die Anzahl der Verzweigungsschichten bzw. die Anzahl von in Reihe geschalteten Relais kann für unterschiedliche Heizelemente auch unterschiedlich gestaltet werden. Beispielsweise kann es sinnvoll sein, die Schalteranordnung so zu gestalten, dass zentral angeordnete Heizelemente mit einer besonders großen Zahl von Stromversorgungseinheiten bzw. Wechselrichtern verbunden werden können, während Heizelemente, die am Rand des Kochfelds angeordnet sind, mit einer geringeren Anzahl von Stromversorgungseinheiten verbunden werden können. Dadurch können die zentral angeordneten Heizelemente sehr flexibel mit anderen Heizelementen zu Heizzonen kombiniert werden, was für Heizelemente, die am Rand der Heizzone angeordnet sind, nicht im gleichen Maße nötig ist.The number of branch layers or the number of relays connected in series can also be designed differently for different heating elements. For example, it may be useful to design the switch assembly so that centrally located heating elements can be connected to a particularly large number of power supply units or inverters, while heating elements, which are arranged at the edge of the hob, can be connected to a smaller number of power supply units , As a result, the centrally arranged heating elements can be very flexibly combined with other heating elements to heating zones, which is not necessary for heating elements which are arranged at the edge of the heating zone to the same extent.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung. In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Zeichnung, die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.

Fig. 1
zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines Kochfelds mit mehreren Heizelementen und einer Leistungselektronikanordnung zum Anschluss an eine einzige Phase eines Haushaltsstromnetzes,
Fig. 2
zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines Kochfelds nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung,
Fig. 3
zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines Kochfelds nach einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, und
Fig. 4
zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines Kochfelds in einer Verallgemeinerung des Erfindungsgedankens.
Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.
Fig. 1
shows schematically the construction of a hob with a plurality of heating elements and a power electronics assembly for connection to a single phase of a household electricity network,
Fig. 2
shows schematically the structure of a hob according to an alternative embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 3
shows schematically the structure of a hob according to a further alternative embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 4
schematically shows the structure of a hob in a generalization of the inventive concept.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch ein Kochfeld mit vier Heizelementen 10a-10d und einer Leistungselektronikanordnung 12. Die Leistungselektronikanordnung dient zum Anschluss des Kochfelds an eine einzige Phase 14 eines Haushaltsstromnetzes und versorgt das gesamte Kochfeld aus dem Strom dieser Phase 14. Fig. 1 schematically shows a hob with four heating elements 10a-10d and a power electronics assembly 12. The power electronics assembly is used to connect the hob to a single phase 14 of a household power network and supplies the entire hob from the flow of this phase fourteenth

Die Leistungselektronikanordnung umfasst ein Filter 16 und einen Gleichrichter 18, die den aus dem Haushaltsstromnetz gezogenen Wechselstrom filtern und in einem Gleichstrom umwandeln, der eine weitere Filterung durch einen Dämpfungskondensator 20 erfährt. Das Filter 16 ist ein Tiefpassfilter, das Beschädigungen des Kochfelds durch starke Impulse aus dem Haushaltsstromnetz sowie Flicker verstärkende Rückkopplungen aus dem Kochfeld in das Haushaltsstromnetz verhindert.The power electronics assembly includes a filter 16 and a rectifier 18 which filter the AC drawn from the household power grid and in a DC current convert, which undergoes further filtering by a damping capacitor 20. The filter 16 is a low-pass filter that prevents damage to the hob by strong pulses from the household power grid and flicker amplifying feedback from the hob in the household power grid.

In dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Leistungselektronikbaugruppe ferner zwei Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a, 22b, die als Wechselrichter ausgebildet sind und die von einer hier nicht dargestellten Steuereinheit so betrieben werden, dass ein Heizstrom mit einer gewünschten Heizfrequenz erzeugt wird. Die beiden Wechselrichter 22a,22b können dabei Heizströme mit unterschiedlichen Heizfrequenzen, unterschiedlichen Amplituden und/oder unterschiedlichen Lastzyklen bzw. Phasen erzeugen, um in den Heizelementen 10a-10d die gewünschte Heizleistung zu erzeugen. Die Heizelemente 10a-10d sind Induktoren, die ein hochfrequentes Magnetfeld mit der Frequenz des Heizstroms erzeugen. Das Magnetfeld induziert Wirbelströme in einem ferromagnetischen Boden eines im Bereich des betreffenden Heizelements 10a-10d auf das Kochfeld aufgestellten Kochgeschirrelements, welcher dadurch erhitzt wird.In the in Fig. 1 1, the power electronics module further comprises two power supply units 22a, 22b, which are designed as inverters and which are operated by a control unit, not shown here, so that a heating current is generated at a desired heating frequency. The two inverters 22a, 22b can generate heating currents with different heating frequencies, different amplitudes and / or different load cycles or phases in order to generate the desired heating power in the heating elements 10a-10d. The heating elements 10a-10d are inductors that generate a high-frequency magnetic field at the frequency of the heating current. The magnetic field induces eddy currents in a ferromagnetic bottom of a cooking utensil element placed on the hob in the region of the relevant heating element 10a-10d, which is heated thereby.

Zwischen den Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b und den Heizelementen 10a-10d ist eine Schalteranordnung 24 mit elektromechanischen Relais 26a-26d angeordnet. Die Relais 26a-26d sind einpolige Wechselschalter, deren gemeinsamer Mittelanschluss jeweils mit einem Pol von zwei weiteren Relais 28a,28b verbunden ist. Die weiteren Relais 28a,28b sind über ihren Mittelanschluss mit jeweils einer Stromversorgungseinheit 22a,22b verbunden. Jede der Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b kann durch eine geeignete Schaltung der Relais 26a,26b,28a-28d mit jedem der Heizelemente 10a-10d verbunden werden. Die Heizelemente 10a-10d sind ihrerseits fest mit jeweils zwei Ausgangspolen von zwei unterschiedlichen Relais 26a-26d der zweiten Relaisschicht der Schalteranordnung 24 verbunden. Dadurch kann jedes der Heizelemente 10a-10d mit beiden Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b gleichzeitig verbunden werden, um die gesamte verfügbare Energie auf das betreffende Heizelement 10a-10d zu konzentrieren. In diesem Fall sollten die beiden als Wechselrichter ausgebildeten Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b Heizströme mit der gleichen Heizfrequenz erzeugen, um destruktive Interferenzen zu vermeiden.Between the power supply units 22a, 22b and the heating elements 10a-10d, a switch arrangement 24 with electromechanical relays 26a-26d is arranged. The relays 26a-26d are unipolar changeover switches whose common center connection is connected to a respective pole of two further relays 28a, 28b. The further relays 28a, 28b are connected via their center connection to a respective power supply unit 22a, 22b. Each of the power supply units 22a, 22b may be connected to each of the heating elements 10a-10d by appropriate switching of the relays 26a, 26b, 28a-28d. The heating elements 10a-10d are in turn fixedly connected to two output terminals of two different relays 26a-26d of the second relay layer of the switch arrangement 24. Thereby, each of the heating elements 10a-10d can be connected to both power supply units 22a, 22b at the same time in order to concentrate the total available energy on the heating element 10a-10d in question. In this case, the two power supply units 22a, 22b designed as inverters should generate heating currents with the same heating frequency in order to avoid destructive interference.

Die Ausgangspole der Relais 26a-26d, mit denen eines der Heizelemente 10a-10d verbunden ist, sind so gewählt, dass im schaltstromlosen Zustand der Relais 26a-26d genau eines der beiden Relais das Heizelement 10a-10d mit einer der Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b verbindet, während das andere Relais 26a-26d die Verbindung mit zu der anderen Stromversorgungseinheit 22a,22b trennt. Das Heizelement 10a ist also beispielsweise mit dem normalerweise geschlossenen (NC) Ausgangspol des Relais 26b und mit dem normalerweise offenen (NO) Ausgangspol des Relais 26c verbunden.The output poles of the relays 26a-26d, to which one of the heating elements 10a-10d is connected, are selected so that in the non-switching state of the relay 26a-26d exactly one of the two relays connects the heating element 10a-10d to one of the power supply units 22a, 22b while the other relay 26a-26d disconnects the connection to the other power supply unit 22a, 22b. The heating element 10a is thus connected, for example, to the normally closed (NC) output terminal of the relay 26b and to the normally open (NO) output terminal of the relay 26c.

Die Summe der Nominalleistungen der Heizelemente 10a-10d ist größer als die Nominalleistung der Leistungselektronikanordnung 12 bzw. der Phase 14 des Haushaltsstromnetzes. Beispielsweise kann die Summe der Nominalleistungen der Heizelemente 10a-10d 7,2 kW betragen und die Nominalleistung der Leistungselektronikanordnung 4,6 kW.The sum of the nominal powers of the heating elements 10a-10d is greater than the nominal power of the power electronics assembly 12 and the phase 14 of the household power grid. For example, the sum of the nominal outputs of the heating elements 10a-10d can be 7.2 kW and the nominal power of the power electronics assembly 4.6 kW.

Durch den in Fig. 1 dargestellten zweischichtigen Aufbau der Schalteranordnung 24 sind in den Verbindungen zwischen den Heizelementen 10a-10d und den Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b jeweils zwei in Reihe geschaltete Relais 28a,28b,26a-26d angeordnet.By the in Fig. 1 illustrated two-layer structure of the switch assembly 24 are arranged in the connections between the heating elements 10a-10d and the power supply units 22a, 22b each have two series-connected relay 28a, 28b, 26a-26d.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Um Wiederholungen zu vermeiden, beschränkt sich die nachfolgende Beschreibung im Wesentlichen auf Unterschiede zu dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, während im Hinblick auf gleichbleibende Merkmale auf die Beschreibung in Fig. 1 verwiesen wird. Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention. In order to avoid repetition, the following description is limited essentially to differences from those in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, while with regard to consistent features on the description in Fig. 1 is referenced.

In dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst das Kochfeld drei Heizelemente 10a-10c und die Schalteranordnung 24 umfasst nur insgesamt vier Relais 28a,28b,26a,26b. Das Heizelement 10a ist nur über jeweils ein Relais 28a,28b mit den Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b verbunden, während die Heizelemente 10b,10c über jeweils zwei in Reihe geschaltete Relais 26a,28a bzw. 26b,28b mit den Stromversorgungseinheiten 22a,22b verbunden sind.In the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment, the hob comprises three heating elements 10a-10c and the switch assembly 24 includes only a total of four relays 28a, 28b, 26a, 26b. The heating element 10a is connected to the power supply units 22a, 22b via only one relay 28a, 28b, while the heating elements 10b, 10c are connected to the power supply units 22a, 22b via two series-connected relays 26a, 28a and 26b, 28b, respectively.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein weiteres alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit nur zwei Relais 26a,26b und drei Heizelementen 10a,10b,10c. Von den Heizelementen ist nur das mittlere Heizelement 10b mit Ausgangspolen beider Relais 26a,26b verbunden, während die Heizelemente 10a jeweils mit dem Ausgangspol von nur einem Relais 26a,26b verbunden sind. Fig. 3 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention with only two relays 26a, 26b and three heating elements 10a, 10b, 10c. Of the heating elements, only the middle heating element 10b is connected to output terminals of both relays 26a, 26b, while the heating elements 10a are connected to the output terminal of only one relay 26a, 26b, respectively.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Verallgemeinerung des Aufbaus eines erfindungsgemäßen Induktionskochfelds mit M Stromversorgungseinheiten 22.1-22.M bzw. Wechselrichtern und N Heizelementen 10.1-10.N, die über eine Schalteranordnung 24 mit den Stromversorgungseinheiten 22.1-22.M verbunden sind. Es gilt M<N. Die Anzahl K der Verzweigungsstufen 30.1-30.K der Anordnung 24 ist wenigstens so groß wie die kleinste ganze Zahl, die größer als der Zweierlogarithmus aus der Anzahl der Stromversorgungseinheiten M ist. Fig. 4 shows a generalization of the structure of an induction hob according to the invention with M power supply units 22.1-22.M or inverters and N heating elements 10.1-10.N, which are connected via a switch assembly 24 to the power supply units 22.1-22.M. It is M <N. The number K of the branching stages 30.1-30.K of the array 24 is at least as large as the smallest integer larger than the two logarithm of the number of power supply units M.

Die Schalteranordnung 24 kann auf einer separaten Platine oder gemeinsam mit den Stromversorgungseinheiten 22.1-22.M auf einer einzigen Platine montiert werden. Das gleiche gilt für das Tiefpassfilter 16 und den Gleichrichter 18. Auch diese Elemente können auf einer separaten Platine oder gemeinsam mit den Strömversorgungseinheiten 22.1-22.M auf einer großen Platine montiert werden.The switch assembly 24 may be mounted on a separate board or together with the power supplies 22.1-22.M on a single board. The same applies to the low-pass filter 16 and the rectifier 18. These elements can also be mounted on a separate board or together with the power supply units 22.1-22.M on a large board.

Die Erfindung kann sowohl für traditionelle Muldenspiegel mit vier fest vorgegebenen Heizzonen verwendet werden als auch für Matrix-Kochfelder mit einer großen Zahl von Heizelementen, die in einem Raster angeordnet sind und flexibel zum Beheizen eines einzigen Topfs zusammengefasst werden können. Die Topologie in Fig. 3 ist besonders für Mulden mit sogenannten Paella-Heizzonen geeignet, in denen in der Mitte des Kochfelds mit Hilfe des mittleren Heizelements 10b eine große Heizzone zum Beheizen einer Paellapfanne erzeugt wird.The invention can be used both for traditional well mirrors with four fixed heating zones and for matrix hobs with a large number of heating elements arranged in a grid and flexibly combined to heat a single pot. The topology in Fig. 3 is particularly suitable for troughs with so-called paella heating zones in which in the middle of the hob with the help of the central heating element 10b, a large heating zone for heating a Paellapfanne is generated.

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

1010
Heizelementheating element
1212
LeistungselektronikanordnungPower electronics arrangement
1414
Phasephase
1616
Filterfilter
1818
Gleichrichterrectifier
2020
Dämpfungskondensatorsnubber capacitor
2222
StromversorgungseinheitPower supply unit
2424
Schalteranordnungswitch arrangement
2626
Relaisrelay
2828
Relaisrelay
3030
Verzweigungsstufebranching stage

Claims (11)

  1. Cook top having at least three heating elements (10a-10d) and a power electronics arrangement (12) for connection to a single phase (14) of a domestic AC supply, wherein the power electronics arrangement (12) comprises a plurality of power supply units (22a, 22b) each supplying one or more heating elements (10a-10d) with heating currents, and having a switch arrangement (24) with a plurality of electromechanical relays (26a-26d; 28a, 28b) for connecting and/or disconnecting the power supply units to/from the heating elements (10a-10d), wherein the number of power supply units (22a, 22b) is less than the number of heating elements (10a-10d) connected to the power supply units (22a, 22b) by way of the switch arrangement (24),
    wherein at least one of the heating elements (10a-10d) is permanently connected to one of at least two output poles of at least two of the electromechanical relays (26a-26d) in each case.
  2. Cook top according to claim 1, characterised in that the heating elements (10a-10d) are inductors and the power supply units (22a, 22b) each comprise an inverter.
  3. Cook top according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sum of the nominal outputs of the heating elements (10a-10d) is greater than the nominal output of the power electronics arrangement.
  4. Cook top according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in the unenergised state of the two relays (26a-26d), just one of the two relays connects the heating element (10a-10d) to one of the power supply units (22a, 22b), while the other relay (26a-26d) breaks the connection to another power supply unit (22a, 22b).
  5. Cook top according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each of the heating elements (10a-10d) is permanently connected to one of at least two output poles of at least two of the electromechanical relays (26a-26d) in each case.
  6. Cook top according to one of claims 1 - 3, characterised in that at least one of the heating elements (10a-10d) is connected to one of at least two output poles of only one electromechanical relay (26a-26d).
  7. Cook top according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the power electronics arrangement comprises a low-pass filter (16) and a rectifier (18) shared by all the power supply units (22a, 22b).
  8. Cook top according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electromechanical relays (26a-26d) are single-pole double-throw switches.
  9. Cook top according to claim 8, characterised in that a common central terminal of the relay (26a-26d) is connected to a power supply unit (22a, 22b) and the two output poles of the relay (26a-26d) are each connected to a heating element (10a-10d).
  10. Cook top according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the switch arrangement (24) comprises a plurality of series-connected relays (26a-26d; 28a, 28b) in a connection between a power supply unit (22a, 22b) and a heating element (10a-10d).
  11. Cook top according to claim 10, characterised in that a different number of series-connected relays (26a-26d; 28a, 28b) is disposed in the connections between two heating elements (10a-10d) and one or two power supply units (22a, 22b).
EP10776822.8A 2009-10-26 2010-10-19 Cook top comprising at least two heating elements and a power electronics arrangement Active EP2494846B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200930899A ES2382862B1 (en) 2009-10-26 2009-10-26 COOKING HOB WITH AT LEAST TWO HEATING ELEMENTS AND A POWER ELECTRONICS PROVISION
PCT/IB2010/054723 WO2011051856A1 (en) 2009-10-26 2010-10-19 Cook top comprising at least two heating elements and a power electronics arrangement

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WO2011051856A1 (en) 2011-05-05
CN102577597B (en) 2015-07-01
ES2382862B1 (en) 2013-05-08
US20120205365A1 (en) 2012-08-16
US10925122B2 (en) 2021-02-16
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ES2545101T3 (en) 2015-09-08
CN102577597A (en) 2012-07-11

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