EP2476201A2 - Erregereinrichtung für eine elektrische maschine mit supraleitender last - Google Patents
Erregereinrichtung für eine elektrische maschine mit supraleitender lastInfo
- Publication number
- EP2476201A2 EP2476201A2 EP10752747A EP10752747A EP2476201A2 EP 2476201 A2 EP2476201 A2 EP 2476201A2 EP 10752747 A EP10752747 A EP 10752747A EP 10752747 A EP10752747 A EP 10752747A EP 2476201 A2 EP2476201 A2 EP 2476201A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- load
- superconducting
- superconducting load
- excitation device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P9/302—Brushless excitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/337—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
- H02M3/3376—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
Definitions
- the invention relates to an excitation device for an electrical machine with a stationary and a rotating part and with a superconducting winding in the rotating part.
- Superconducting windings are used in electrical machines, especially those with a rotating part, since they produce only very small electrical losses. Since at ⁇ is expediently at least the part of the rotor by the superconducting winding is kept at a very low temperature to allow the superconductivity. The transmission of electrical energy from the stator side, ie from the stationary part, to the superconducting load takes place, for example, contactlessly by means of a transformer.
- the exciter device according to the invention is designed to supply a superconducting load in an electrical machine.
- the excitation device has a first and a second part, wherein the second part of the superconducting
- the exciter device furthermore has a transformer with a primary winding in the first part and a secondary winding in the second part of the exciter device.
- the transformer serves to transmit electrical energy from the first part into the second part of the exciter device. This expediently provides the magnetizing current for the supra ⁇ conductive load without contact.
- a sensor is provided for determining a signal representing the magnetizing current to the load. For example, a voltage across a measuring
- Resistor can be used, wherein the measuring resistor is arranged in Se ⁇ rie to superconducting load.
- the measurement can take place in the rotating part of the electrical machine. But it can also take place in the dormant part.
- the excitation device has a current regulating device which sets the magnetizing current to a definable desired value on the basis of the signal representing the magnetizing current.
- the current control device is provided in the first part of the exciter device, thus expediently in an electric machine on the stator side.
- a controllable DC voltage source is provided in the first part.
- an inverter provided in the first part. This is connected on the output side to the primary winding of the transformer. On the input side, the inverter is connected to the controllable DC voltage source.
- a directly controllable DC voltage source here can be provided at ⁇ play, also a controllable buck converter with an upstream DC power source, which must then be no tax cash.
- the level of the DC voltage, which is applied to the input side of the inverter thereby advantageously the voltage on the rotating side of the exciter device is set. Since the sensor supplies a signal representing the magnetizing current, a regulation of the Magneti ⁇ s istsstroms out from the first part is made possible. If the first part of the exciter device is expediently accommodated in the stator of the electrical machine, then the adjustment of the current by the superconducting load takes place from the stator side.
- a bridge rectifier is provided in the second part of the excitation device.
- the bridge rectifier converts the AC voltage from the secondary winding of the transformer into a DC voltage to supply the superconducting load.
- An advantage of the bridge rectifier is that it works passively and thus no egg ⁇ gene control needed. It is thus also simpler in design than a controllable rectifier.
- the transmission of electric ⁇ shear energy via the transformer works unidirectionally, namely always from the first to the second part.
- a freewheeling path is provided parallel to the superconducting load having a diode in series with a resistor. A targeted demagnetization of the superconducting load can be carried out via this freewheeling path.
- An untargeted demagnetization for example, if the control for the exciter device fails, is made possible via the freewheeling path.
- a linearization of the magnetization can advantageously be achieved if, instead of a single diode, a series connection of at least two diodes is used.
- an electronic switch is provided in series with the superconducting load, for example a MOSFET.
- control signals for the electronic switch via a second transformer from the first to the second part are transmitted.
- an electrical supply of the electronic switch can be done via this second transformer.
- the signal can also be transmitted to the first part via the second transmitter.
- the second transmitter takes over bidirectional data transmission or signal transmission and a power supply.
- the bridge rectifier is designed to perform a demagnetization of the superconducting load.
- a series connection of at least two diodes can be used, for example, at the location of the individual diodes of the bridge rectifier.
- the design of the bridge rectifier is expedient such that a sufficient reverse voltage is built up to demagnetize the superconducting load.
- a magnetization current to the superconducting load is determined. Based on the magnetizing current and a setpoint value for the magnetizing current, the voltage in the intermediate circuit is set on a secondary side of the exciter device in the rotating part of the electrical machine by adjusting the DC voltage on a primary side of the exciter device in the stationary part of the electrical machine.
- an excitation device is advantageously used in which electrical energy is transmitted from the stationary part in the rotating part by a DC voltage is transformed in the stationary part in an AC voltage, this is passed through a transformer to the rotating part, and again via a bridge rectifier in a DC voltage is transformed.
- an excitation device is used with a first and a second part, wherein the superconducting load in the second part is positioned.
- the DC voltage converted to an AC voltage a magnetizing Ström determined to superconducting load and based on the magnetizing current and a target value for the magnetizing the voltage in the second part set by the height of the DC voltage generated in the first part is adjusted.
- the setting of the magnetization is approximately the current through the superconducting load not - game, in ⁇ - a switching of various current paths in the second part or a control of an active rectifier in the second part instead, but by an adjustment of the DC voltage in the first part.
- DC source used in conjunction with a DC / DC converter such as a buck converter.
- a bridge rectifier the height of the DC voltage generated in the ers ⁇ th is preferred in the second part of the excitation device is used, and the degradation of the Magne ⁇ thnesstroms to the superconducting load reduced.
- the bridge rectifier is used to reduce the magnetizing current.
- the DC voltage must then be lowered below a threshold to permit current drain through the diodes of the bridge rectifier.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram for a first embodiment variant of the excitation device
- Figure 2 is a schematic circuit diagram for a secondUEsva ⁇ riante the exciter device, are illustrated in the components of the control and power measurement,
- Figure 3 is carried out a basic circuit diagram for a third circuit diagram for a third circuit diagram ⁇ riante of the excitation device in which a Abmagne- mation via a bridge rectifier
- Figure 4 is a schematic circuit diagram for a fourth adoptedsva ⁇ riante of the excitation device in which the Abmagneti- tion is linearized.
- 1 shows a basic circuit diagram for a first exporting ⁇ approximately variant of an exciter device 1 for an electrical machine with a superconducting load 5.
- the electrical components are shown in more detail in Figure 1 as in the other figures, chen to verdeutli- the electrical function.
- the exciter device 1 is divided into a primary side 3, which is located on the stationary part of not shown ⁇ electric machine, and a secondary side 4, which is located in the rotating part of the electric machine.
- the primary side 3 and the secondary side 4 are inductively connected via a transformer 2.
- the transformer 2 has a primary winding on the primary side 3 and ei ⁇ ne secondary winding on the secondary side 4.
- the exciter device 1 On the primary side 3, the exciter device 1 has a DC voltage source 6.
- the DC voltage source 6 is a regulated power supply. Parallel to the DC voltage source 6, a capacitor 7 is provided.
- the DC voltage source 6 is further connected to an inverter 8.
- the inverter 8 consists of four IGBTs 9, which are combined in a known manner to the inverter 8.
- the inverter 8 is in turn connected to the primary winding of the transformer 2.
- the secondary winding of the transformer 2 is connected to a bridge rectifier 10 on the secondary side 4 of the exciter device 1.
- the bridge rectifier 10 consists in a known manner of four diodes in a bridge arrangement.
- the output terminals of the bridge rectifier 10 are connected to egg ⁇ nem DC link capacitor 11. This is in turn connected in parallel with a diode 12, which in the same
- ⁇ tet Way as the diodes of the bridge rectifier 10 is rich ⁇ tet. Parallel to this is still a series circuit of the superconducting load 5, an electronic switch 13 and a measuring resistor 17. Parallel to the superconducting load 5, a freewheeling path 14 is provided which consists of a Se ⁇ rienscnies of a resistor 15 and a diode 16 be ⁇ .
- the DC voltage source 6, a DC voltage ⁇ available, the amount of which can be controlled.
- the inverter 8 converts this DC voltage into an AC voltage.
- the AC voltage is supplied to the transformer 2 on the primary side 3.
- This is converted by the bridge rectifier 10 back into a DC voltage.
- the level of the secondary-side DC voltage, which is applied to the DC link capacitor 11, depends on the magnitude of the DC voltage provided by the DC voltage source 6.
- the DC voltage on the DC link capacitor 11 determines the size or change of the magnetizing current.
- the magnetization ⁇ current for the superconducting load 5 can be adjusted stator side. For this, only the DC voltage source 6 must be ge ⁇ controls.
- the free-wheeling path 14 ensures a demagnetization.
- the prerequisite is that the electronic scarf ⁇ ter 13 is opened or remains in case of failure of the controller. In this case results in the case of a failure of the control the same situation as in the targeted demagnetization of the superconducting load.
- the current through the superconducting load 5 then flows through the freewheeling path 14. In this case, it is degraded by the resistor 15. It is thus advantageous even in a total failure of the control of the exciter device 1 ensured that the magnetizing current can be reduced. Destruction of the electrical machine is inherently prevented without intervention from the outside (fail-safe).
- Another operating state results when the electronic switch 13, for example, alloyed. In this case, the electronic switch 13 can not be brought into the non-conductive state. This operating state falls on only when the electronic switch 13 from actually ⁇ is to be switched, that is, when a demagnetization is provided, or the control of the exciter device 1 falls off. Because of that foreseen in the recovery path 14 resistor 15, the magnetizing current of the superconducting load 5 does not flow in this case by the recovery path 14. Instead, the current is at least built at the beginning largely been on the paral ⁇ lel provided to the DC link capacitor 11 diode 12th Also, the diode 12 thus implements an inherent fuse. In addition, the diode 12 serves to reduce electrical losses in the secondary part 4 of the excitation device 1. For this purpose, the diode 12 takes over the magnetizing current in the case of an idling of the transformer. 2
- FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit diagram of a second embodiment for the Erre ⁇ ger noisy 20.
- the second embodiment for the He ⁇ active device 20 is slightly modified from the first embodiment of the excitation device. 1 In contrast to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 no longer shows the individual electronic components, but additionally emphasizes the measuring and control connections.
- the second embodiment variant for the excitation device 20 has a primary side 3 and a secondary side 4. On the primary side 3, a control computer 23 is vorgese ⁇ hen. This is connected to a control electronics 24 in the electrical machine, for example via Ethernet.
- the control electronics 24 is connected to the IGBT inverter 8 via an optical waveguide.
- the construction of the primary side 3 from the first embodiment for the exciter device 1 is analogous to the second embodiment for the excitation device 20.
- a transmission ratio of 5: 1 is provided.
- the second embodiment variant for the exciter device 20 has a second transformer 19. This is connected to the primary side 3 with a MOSFET inverter 21.
- the MOSFET inverter 21 is connected on the input side to a AC voltage power supply.
- the MOSFET inverter 21 is further connected via optical waveguides to the control electronics 24.
- the second transformer 19 has a transmission ratio of 12: 1.
- the control electronics 24 is finally connected to a Bluetooth transmission / reception module 25.
- the excitation device 20 in conjunction with the transformer 2 to a passive bridge rectifier 10. Parallel to this there is an intermediate circuit capacitor 11, in this case with a capacity of 500 yF.
- the remaining structure corresponds to the secondary ⁇ page 4 of the first variant embodiment for the Erregerein ⁇ device 1. Except for this, the diode 12 in the second embodiment of the excitation device 20 is not provided.
- the resistor 15 of the freewheeling path 14 is chosen in this case with 0.98 ohms.
- the measuring resistor 17 has a resistance of 100 y ohms.
- the second embodiment for the excitation device 20 has on the secondary side 4 on more components.
- a passive rectifier 30 is provided in conjunction with a buck converter 31 on the secondary side of the second transformer 19. This is in turn connected to a data acquisition 29.
- a Schmitt-Trig ⁇ gerêtung 27 in connection with the secondary side of the second transformer 19 is a Schmitt-Trig ⁇ ger penetrateung 27 and a Bluetooth transmission / reception device 28 seen ⁇ .
- the measured data acquisition 29 is connected to the Bluetooth transceiver 28, the measuring resistor 17, the superconducting load 5 and the intermediate circuit capacitor 11.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment variant for the exciter device.
- the third embodiment for the Er ⁇ reg device is unchanged on the primary side 3 with respect to the first embodiment of the exciter device 1. Changes compared to the first embodiment for the exciter device 1 arise on the secondary side 4.
- On the secondary side 4 is in this case the superconducting load 5 and the measuring resistor 17 connected in series therewith.
- the DC link capacitor 11 is in turn connected in parallel with this.
- the bridge rectifier 10 is constructed in this case from a series of individual diodes 40. Each of the four diodes of the bridge constructed in normal scarf ⁇ tung bridge rectifier 10 is replaced by ei ⁇ ne series circuit of a plurality of the diodes 40th
- a demagnetization of the superconducting load 5 will follow in this case via the diodes 40 of the bridge rectifier 10 he ⁇ .
- diodes 40 By the series connection of a sufficient number It is achieved by diodes 40 that they build up a sufficient Ge ⁇ gene voltage for de-energizing the superconducting load 5 and thereby reduce the magnetizing current.
- the structure of the secondary side 4 of the exciter device is considerably simplified by even one time, since both the freewheeling path 14 with its resistor 15 and the diode 16 and the electronic ⁇ specific switch 13 omitted. A control for the electronic switch 13 can thus be omitted.
- the disadvantage here is the permanently incurred power loss.
- the use of the third embodiment is therefore expedient especially at low de-energizing voltages.
- the measuring resistor 17 is likewise omitted.
- the measure ⁇ tion of the magnetizing current is carried out indirectly in this case, by making it on the primary side 3. It can be seen that an extremely simple and thus fail-safe design variant is thus advantageously provided. In this configuration variant in vorteilhaf ⁇ ter, no control of a switch on the secondary side ⁇ necessary. Furthermore, the current measurement on the secondary side is not required. Rather, all measuring and control operations are carried out on the primary side.
- FIG. 1 A fourth embodiment variant for the exciter device is shown in FIG.
- the primary side 3 is unchanged while ge ⁇ genüber the third embodiment.
- the Se ⁇ secondary side 4 is largely structured as the secondary side 4 in the first embodiment for the excitation device 1. So there are a bridge rectifier 10, a Zwenk circuit capacitor 11, a measuring resistor 17, an electronic switch 13 and the parallel circuit of the superconducting Last 5 and the freewheeling path 14 with the resistor 15 available. If a demagnetization of the superconducting load 5 takes place via the freewheeling path 14, the current flowing through the freewheeling path 14 takes an exponential course. In the exciter device according to the fourth Embodiment, the demagnetization is linearized. For this purpose, the individual diode 16 is replaced in the freewheeling path 14 by a series circuit of diodes 16. Here, the resistance of the resistor 15 must be adjusted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Superconductive Dynamoelectric Machines (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009040394A DE102009040394A1 (de) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Erregereinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine mit supraleitender Last |
| PCT/EP2010/062673 WO2011026827A2 (de) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-31 | Erregereinrichtung für eine elektrische maschine mit supraleitender last |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2476201A2 true EP2476201A2 (de) | 2012-07-18 |
Family
ID=43571093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10752747A Withdrawn EP2476201A2 (de) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-31 | Erregereinrichtung für eine elektrische maschine mit supraleitender last |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2476201A2 (de) |
| KR (2) | KR20120048713A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2010291310B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009040394A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011026827A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4754385A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-06-28 | Varo, Inc. | Two transistor flyback switching converter with current sensing for discontinuous operation |
| US6420842B1 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2002-07-16 | American Superconductor Corporation | Exciter and electronic regulator for rotating machinery |
| DE10055467A1 (de) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-05-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Drehstromgenerator |
| DE102005047551A1 (de) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-12 | Siemens Ag | Erregereinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine |
-
2009
- 2009-09-07 DE DE102009040394A patent/DE102009040394A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-08-31 EP EP10752747A patent/EP2476201A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-08-31 KR KR1020127008798A patent/KR20120048713A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2010-08-31 KR KR1020167036882A patent/KR20170005153A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2010-08-31 AU AU2010291310A patent/AU2010291310B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-08-31 WO PCT/EP2010/062673 patent/WO2011026827A2/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2011026827A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20120048713A (ko) | 2012-05-15 |
| AU2010291310B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
| WO2011026827A2 (de) | 2011-03-10 |
| KR20170005153A (ko) | 2017-01-11 |
| AU2010291310A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
| WO2011026827A3 (de) | 2011-10-20 |
| DE102009040394A1 (de) | 2011-03-17 |
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