EP2469560A1 - Leistungsschalterantrieb - Google Patents

Leistungsschalterantrieb Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2469560A1
EP2469560A1 EP10015935A EP10015935A EP2469560A1 EP 2469560 A1 EP2469560 A1 EP 2469560A1 EP 10015935 A EP10015935 A EP 10015935A EP 10015935 A EP10015935 A EP 10015935A EP 2469560 A1 EP2469560 A1 EP 2469560A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
driving
driving fluid
driving unit
circuit breaker
power switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10015935A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dietmar Gentsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP10015935A priority Critical patent/EP2469560A1/de
Publication of EP2469560A1 publication Critical patent/EP2469560A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator
    • H01H33/34—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator hydraulic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage switches and generator switches comprising pole units having vacuum interrupters, air interrupters or SF6 interrupters.
  • the present invention relates to a driving unit for driving an electric circuit breaker, a power switch comprising a such a driving unit, an electric power plant comprising such a power switch and a method for driving an electric circuit breaker.
  • Switching on and switching off of a medium or high power circuit is performed with the help of mechanical, hydraulic or magnetic switches.
  • the energy necessary for switching is either stored/provided mechanically or electrically. Furthermore, such switches may also be switched by hand.
  • Medium- and high-voltage breakers often comprise an insulating casing in which there is an interruption chamber with interruption mechanisms constituted by at least one fixed contact and at least one moving contact. Opening/closing manoeuvres of the circuit breaker are performed by engaging or disengaging the fixed contacts with respect to the moving contacts by using actuation devices.
  • Such circuit breakers may be used in electric plants, such as switching stations, for breaking the power when necessary.
  • a circuit breaker must be able to break and close normally power loads, and it must in particular be capable of rapidly breaking the short-circuit current arising when a fault occurs in the system.
  • a circuit breaker's main components are the breaker chamber and the system for operating the chamber. Breaking and closing the current is achieved through contacts in the breaker chamber in which one is normally stationary and the other is mobile. The mobile contact is brought into contact with/separated from the stationary contact with operating means.
  • Control means for a circuit breaker traditionally employ breaking and closing springs storing enough energy for the breaking and closing operations. Triggering can be automatic or by manual action.
  • the function of the closing spring is to close the switch and tension the releasing spring.
  • the releasing spring operates in breaking.
  • the closing spring is often tensioned by an electric motor.
  • a driving unit for driving an electric circuit breaker comprising an expansion chamber, a reciprocating piston and a supply for supplying a driving fluid to the expansion chamber.
  • the driving unit is adapted for triggering an expansion of the driving fluid inside the expansion chamber, wherein the expansion of the driving fluid drives the piston in order to switch the circuit breaker.
  • the mechanical energy for driving the electric circuit breaker is stored inside the driving fluid and can be rapidly released by a particular triggering event, such as an ignition of the fluid.
  • the driving fluid can be a liquid, a gas, a gas mixture, or may comprise both a liquid and a gas or gas mixture.
  • a power switch comprising an above and below described driving unit is provided.
  • an electric plant comprising the above and below power switch is disclosed.
  • a method for driving an electric circuit breaker in which a driving fluid is supplied to an expansion chamber of a driving unit of an electric circuit breaker. After that, an expansion of the driving fluid is triggered inside the expansion chamber and a piston of the driving unit is driven by expansion of the driving fluid, thereby switching the circuit breaker.
  • the driving fluid is a gas mixture which comprises oxygen gas and hydrogen gas for example in a ratio one part O 2 and two parts H 2 .
  • the driving unit further comprises an ignition device, wherein triggering of the expansion of the driving fluid comprises an ignition of the driving fluid by the ignition device.
  • the ignition device comprises, according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a heatable filament, a laser diode and/or a (high power) light emitting diode.
  • the supply comprises a driving fluid generator for providing the driving fluid.
  • the driving fluid generator may be adapted in form of an electrolysis cell.
  • the driving fluid circulates in a closed circuit.
  • the driving fluid generator can be adapted for receiving the driving fluid in a state (or composition) which the driving fluid has assumed after driving the piston.
  • the driving fluid generator then changes this state into another state in which the driving fluid is able to expand rapidly and thus drive the piston.
  • the driving fluid generator i.e. the electrolysis cell
  • the driving fluid generator may be fed by water and may then convert the water into hydrogen and oxygen gas. After the gas has been ignited and thus reacted to form water, the water is again fed into the electrolysis cell.
  • the power switch is adapted as an electric circuit breaker for medium or high voltages, in particular for voltages above 1.000 V.
  • the power switch comprises an interrupter, wherein the first driving unit of the power switch is adapted for driving the interrupter.
  • the first driving unit is adapted for switching the interrupter either on or off.
  • the power switch further comprises a second driving unit for switching the interrupter either off or on.
  • the power switch comprises an energy storage unit for storing mechanical energy for switching the interrupter either off or on.
  • the interrupter may be necessary.
  • the power switch may be adapted for driving the piston by driving fluid expansion on one side or even, selectively, on both sides of the piston.
  • the piston can be driven reciprocatingly by the driving fluid.
  • the power switch can be adapted for a single phase or for a three-phase switching unit.
  • the switched-on and/or the switched-off state can be kept by means of a holding device (for example a permanent magnet) until the piston is driven in an opposite direction.
  • two or more reciprocating pistons can be arranged, for example facing each other, inside one expansion chamber. The pistons are then driven synchronously.
  • the driving fluid may be provided from outside the driving unit, i.e. the supply may be an external supply.
  • the supply may also be integrated inside the driving unit or inside the power switch, and may even be integrated inside or close to the expansion chamber.
  • no supply lines are needed for supplying the driving fluid to the expansion chamber.
  • the water or water vapour which results from the reaction of O s with H s can be stored inside a porous material.
  • a porous material can comprise ceramics, plastic and/or metal or a metal composition.
  • only one electrolysis cell may be used.
  • energy is used which has been stored when the piston has been driven initially in the first direction.
  • the driving fluid can be ignited by means of a heatable filament or a spark or by means of light, for example focused light, light from a light emitting device or a laser diode.
  • Hand-mode operation can be single phase or by means of a three phase coupling of such units. In case, all three phases are driven by the driving fluid, the hand-mode operation can be for all those three phases.
  • a mechanic locking device or permanent magnets can be used.
  • the vacuum interrupter chamber or the SF6-switching-pole can be moulded into a duroplast, a cast resin, a rubber elastic material, such as silicon or PUR (polyurethane) or a thermoplast, such as, for example, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) or PA (polyamide) in order to provide for sufficient dielectric stability.
  • a rubber elastic material such as silicon or PUR (polyurethane)
  • a thermoplast such as, for example, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) or PA (polyamide) in order to provide for sufficient dielectric stability.
  • the power switch may also comprise a fast grounding system, for example on the side where the current leaves the switch.
  • Fig. 1 shows a power switch 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the power switch 100 can be used as an alternative or additionally to already known switches.
  • An advantage of the power switch according to an aspect of the invention may be that the size of the switch is considerably reduced as compared to other switches.
  • the driving unit according to the invention may also be used for driving to circuit breakers in parallel in a synchronous manner. Several ten thousands of switching operations may be performed with the same switch.
  • the small sized power switch 100 can be operated in connection with various mechanical circuits, which are used for short circuit condition, load current condition, rated current condition and/or load-free condition.
  • the switch may be integrated into a pole-unit without having the need for a separate, external switch.
  • the compact power switch according to the invention comprises an expansion or combustion chamber 14, 15, 16 which can be filled with a reactive driving fluid, such as an oxygen/hydrogen gas mixture delivered by an electrolysis cell or a separate gas tank or multiple separate gas tanks.
  • an ignition device 9, 7, 10 for triggering the driving fluid expansion is provided, such that the driving fluid can "explode” inside the driving chamber.
  • the two pistons 8 can move reciprocatingly in opposite directions with respect to each other.
  • triggering of the driving fluid expansion (i.e. ignition) between the pistons can be sufficient for driving the pistons in order to perform a switch-on operation.
  • driving fluid expansion i.e. ignition
  • mechanical springs may be loaded by the switching-on movement of the pistons. The pre-tension of the springs may then be used for providing the energy necessary for performing the switching-off operation.
  • a mechanical or controlled magnetical blocking of the pistons in the switched-on position may be necessary.
  • the opposite operation is also possible, in which case the triggering of a driving fluid expansion results in a switching-off operation and some of the energy released by driving fluid expansion can be stored inside one or more mechanical springs, which can then be used for switching-on operation. Again, a locking mechanism is necessary for holding the switch in a switched-off state.
  • the switch 100 may also comprise only one piston 8 for driving single line switches.
  • a closed driving fluid cycle can be implemented.
  • the electrolysis cell may be integrated inside or may be provided outside of the expansion chamber.
  • a valve system may be provided for delivering the reaction gas (H 2 /0 2 ) to the chamber.
  • a sinter metal system can be used for delivering the driving fluid to the expansion chamber in which case a firewall between electrolysis cell and chamber may be necessary.
  • the water can be decomposed and to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas directly inside or next to the expansion chamber.
  • a valve system and/or sinter metal are not necessary.
  • the electrical power switch 100 comprises a vacuum switching chamber or interruption chamber 1, which comprises a bellows 17.
  • the interruption chamber 1 is fixed by the mounting unit 2 and connected to an explosion switch by the driving rod 3.
  • the driving rod 3 therefore connects the piston 8 with the electrical contact plate 18.
  • a sealing 6 is provided for sealing the gap between the driving rod 3 and the housing 2 used for mounting the interruption chamber 1.
  • the switch 100 further comprises an electrolysis cell 12 for generating the driving fluid.
  • the electrolysis cell 12 is located outside the housing of the switch.
  • the switch is adapted as a double chamber switch and thus comprises two interruption chambers 1, 2 interruption electrodes 18, two driving rods 3 and two pistons 8, etc.
  • Driving fluid is delivered into the area 19 between the two pistons 8 via supply line 20, after valve 21 is opened. After that, the driving fluid is ignited in order to drive the two pistons 8 apart and thus close the circuit.
  • the ignition devices 7, 9, 10 may be adapted in form of a heating filaments or light sources, such as diodes or a lasers.
  • the electrolysis cell 12 may be adapted for producing the amount of driving fluid necessary for driving the pistons.
  • the amount of gas produced by the electrolysis cell 12 may also be controlled by increasing or reducing water supplied to the cell 12 via supply line 22.
  • pressure sensors may be provided which provide pressure data of the driving fluid, which data can be used for controlling the valves 21, 23, 24.
  • Valves 23 and 24 are used for opening and closing the supply lines between the electrolysis cell 12 and chambers 15, 16 for driving the two pistons 8 together.
  • the driving fluid i.e. the driving gas/gas mixture
  • a sinter metal in which case a fire barrier is provided to stop the flames from reaching the sinter metal. This may have the advantage that a control and a provision of valves 21, 23 and 24 is not necessary, since the supply of driving fluid is performed in an automated manner.
  • the possible current flow through the switch 100 is symbolized by arrows 28, 29.
  • the current enters the device at the top 28 and exits the device at the bottom 29.
  • the pistons 8 can be locked in both end positions (i.e. in both the switched-on state and the switched-off state) mechanically or magnetically by permanent magnets 11, 13.
  • driving fluid has only to be provided to either chamber 14 between the two pistons 8 or chambers 15 and 16 below and above the two pistons.
  • the ignition devices 7, 9, 10 can be controlled accordingly.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 show a single phase double line switching device
  • one single driving unit may also be used for driving for example three or more poles.
  • Fig. 3 shows a power switch 100 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the power switch 100 comprises a vacuum switching chamber or vacuum interrupter 1, also comprising a bellows 17, a housing 2 for holding the chamber 1 and a driving rod 3, which connects the contact electrode 18 to the piston 307.
  • a gap between the driving rod 3 and the housing 2 is sealed by a sealing ring 6.
  • the explosion switch comprises the piston 307 and two electrolysis cells 305, which are ring-shaped and arranged on either side of the piston 307 induced for generating the driving fluid.
  • the driving fluid between the piston 307 and the bottom 310 of the cylindrical housing 311 is ignited. Ignition is performed by the ignition device 309.
  • the ignition device 309 and also the ignition device 306 can be a heating filament or a light source, such as a strong diode or a laser diode.
  • a second ignition device 306 is provided for igniting driving fluid generated by electrolysis cell 305 in order to drive the piston 307 downwards for performing a switching-off operation.
  • permanent magnets 304, 308 are provided for holding the switch in a switched-on or a switched-off position.
  • a mechanical spring or a hydraulic device can be used for storing mechanical energy in order to perform a switching-on operation or a switching-off operation, in which case only one electrolysis cell (or driving fluid supply) and only one ignition device 309 or 306 is necessary.
  • Fig. 4 shows an electric plant 200 comprising at least one power switch 100 as described above.
  • Fig. 5 shows a flow-chart of a method according to the invention.
  • a driving fluid is applied to an expansion chamber of a driving unit of an electrical circuit breaker and in step 502 the driving fluid is ignited, thus triggering an expansion of the driving fluid inside the expansion chamber (step 503).
  • the driving piston of the driving unit is driven by the expansion of the driving fluid, thereby switching the circuit breaker from a switched-on state into a switched-off state.
  • step 505 driving fluid is supplied to the expansion chamber, but this time on another side of the driving piston.
  • step 506 the driving fluid is ignited, which results to an expansion of the driving fluid and thus to a movement of the piston in the opposite direction, which results to a switching-on of the circuit breaker (step 507).
  • a very compact system for driving a circuit breaker for medium or high voltage is provided.
  • the system is able to drive a vacuum interrupter as well as SF6 interrupter and uses the explosion of detonating gas (2H 2 + 0 2 ) as operating power.
  • detonating gas produced for example by a water electrolysis cell in the correct stoichiometric ratio is filled in an expansion chamber comprising a reciprocating piston.
  • the gas is ignited by a filament or by focused light from a laser diode or a high power light emitting diode.
  • Different arrangements of the drive are possible.
  • a system with a single piston driving one or three interrupters in parallel Fig.

Landscapes

  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
EP10015935A 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Leistungsschalterantrieb Withdrawn EP2469560A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10015935A EP2469560A1 (de) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Leistungsschalterantrieb

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10015935A EP2469560A1 (de) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Leistungsschalterantrieb

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2469560A1 true EP2469560A1 (de) 2012-06-27

Family

ID=43923625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10015935A Withdrawn EP2469560A1 (de) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Leistungsschalterantrieb

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2469560A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2700766C1 (ru) * 2018-04-25 2019-09-20 Геннадий Феофанович Мамарин Газогидравлический аккумулятор

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR34358E (fr) * 1927-10-18 1929-06-18 Merlin Gerin Commande pneumatique pour disjoncteur dans l'huile
CH530085A (de) * 1971-01-15 1972-10-31 Fritz Dr Kesselring Impulsantriebsanordnung, insbesondere für einen elektrischen Schalter
US3787648A (en) * 1970-12-29 1974-01-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Tank-type gas-break circuit breaker

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR34358E (fr) * 1927-10-18 1929-06-18 Merlin Gerin Commande pneumatique pour disjoncteur dans l'huile
US3787648A (en) * 1970-12-29 1974-01-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Tank-type gas-break circuit breaker
CH530085A (de) * 1971-01-15 1972-10-31 Fritz Dr Kesselring Impulsantriebsanordnung, insbesondere für einen elektrischen Schalter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2700766C1 (ru) * 2018-04-25 2019-09-20 Геннадий Феофанович Мамарин Газогидравлический аккумулятор

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101796604B (zh) 具有短路系统的低压、中压或高压开关设备组件
US9659727B2 (en) Switch
EP2312606A1 (de) Bistabiler magnetischer Aktuator für einen Mittelspannungsschutzschalter
US20110057762A1 (en) Short-circuiting apparatus with pyrotechnic initiation
EP3043368B1 (de) Überbrückungsschalter für hochspannungsgleichstromübertragung
KR101513600B1 (ko) 병렬 콘덴서가 있는 가스 차단기
EP3837706A1 (de) Schaltvorrichtung und verfahren zum betrieb der schaltvorrichtung
CA2910979A1 (en) Interchangeable switching module and electrical switching apparatus including the same
CA2991433A1 (en) Interrupter device for interrupting a direct current
EP2722859B1 (de) Mehrfachblock-Hybridvakuumschalter mit in Reihe geschalteten Vakuumunterbrechern
WO2021210058A1 (ja) 開閉装置及び電力変換装置
JP5019322B2 (ja) 分流型超電導限流器
US20100181182A1 (en) Breaker with a gas drive for low-voltage, medium-voltage and high-voltage switching devices
EP2469560A1 (de) Leistungsschalterantrieb
JP2016062790A (ja) ハイブリッド形開閉器
CN220796568U (zh) 一种灭弧装置、开关单元及隔离开关
US3745281A (en) Gas-blast circuit breaker having a floating puffer piston driven by electromagnetic force
KR102367112B1 (ko) 진공 절체차단기
US20070102269A1 (en) Drive for switching device
CN103887121A (zh) 具有用于连接可动电触头的挠性导体的断路器极部件
CN202260228U (zh) 带有气体的绝缘的高压开关设备
CN113168989B (zh) 直流断路器
RU133969U1 (ru) Вакуумный выключатель
RU195146U1 (ru) Устройство защиты силовых ячеек преобразователя частоты
CN201886957U (zh) 户内高压交流真空断路器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Effective date: 20121212