EP2459685B1 - Gasification reactor for producing crude gas - Google Patents

Gasification reactor for producing crude gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2459685B1
EP2459685B1 EP10734696.7A EP10734696A EP2459685B1 EP 2459685 B1 EP2459685 B1 EP 2459685B1 EP 10734696 A EP10734696 A EP 10734696A EP 2459685 B1 EP2459685 B1 EP 2459685B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
slag
funnel
collecting container
gasification reactor
water bath
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EP10734696.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2459685A2 (en
Inventor
Eberhard Kuske
Johannes Dostal
Reinald Schulze Eckel
Lothar Semrau
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ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C10J3/845—Quench rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a gasification reactor for the production of CO- or H 2 -containing raw gas of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a gasification reactor is for example from the WO 2009/036985 A1 the applicant, in which reference a wealth of further prior art is called, such as the US 4,474,584 which deals in particular with the cooling of the hot synthesis gas.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with problems encountered with such reactors, the invention being not limited to the gasification reactor specifically contemplated herein, but also directed to apparatuses in which similar problems, as described in more detail below, may arise.
  • Such an apparatus must be suitable to allow processes of pressure gasification / combustion of finely divided fuels, including the partial oxidation of the fuels coal dust, finely divided biomass, oil, tars or the like in a reactor. This includes the separate or joint withdrawal of slag or fly ash and produced synthesis or flue gas. It must be made possible cooling of the reaction products (gas and slag / fly ash), such as spray quenching, gas quenching, radiation quenching, Konvetechnischsutz vom od. Like., Depending on the nature of the method used, which finally also pay attention to the discharge of the reaction products from the Pressure vessel must be addressed.
  • Object of the present invention is, in particular the slag container to give an economically favorable design while duplicating the operation.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that a funnel-shaped slag collecting container is provided in the direction of incidence of the slag with a second funnel-shaped insert as Abscheidekonus whose funnel wall to Schlackesammel accountser a circumferential annular gap forms and whose free edge is positioned above the free edge of the slag collection container.
  • the EP 0 459 023 A1 shows an arrangement of two funnel-shaped ash collecting container in a gas cooler, said funnel however not arranged in a water bath.
  • the US 4 852 997 A shows a funnel-shaped ash collecting structure, which is equipped with a ash outlet for pouch and which produces a flow in the water bath on the arrangement of a water outlet in the outer water bath and an opening in the lower part of the funnel-shaped ash collecting structure, however, there is no second funnel-shaped insert according to the present invention ,
  • the cylinder enclosing the quench chamber has a smaller one
  • Diameter than the funnel-shaped insert forming the Abscheidekonus Diameter than the funnel-shaped insert forming the Abscheidekonus.
  • the invention also provides that the annular gap formed by the conical slag collecting container and the separating cone is dimensioned such that only particles of a predetermined maximum size can overflow over the overflow edge in the slag collecting container into the lower water bath.
  • the in Fig. 1 represented, generally designated 1 gasification reactor has a pressure vessel 2, in which from top to bottom, an enclosed by a membrane wall 3 reaction chamber 4 is arranged at a distance from the pressure vessel 3.
  • the membrane inlet 3 acting on the coolant supply line is denoted by 5.
  • the membrane wall 3 passes via a lower cone 6 in a narrowed channel as part of a transition region designated 8, wherein in the narrowed transition channel 7 swirl brakes 9 are indicated.
  • 10a a drip edge in the transition region 8 for the liquid ash in the transition region at a distance from the first drip edge 10 at the end of the transition channel 7 is designated.
  • the transition region 8 is followed by a quench chamber or quench channel 11, followed by a slag collecting container 12 in a water bath 13.
  • Fig. 2 it can be seen, in the embodiment described here in the water bath 13, a funnel-shaped slag collecting container 12, whose free edge 14 extends beyond the liquid level in the water bath 13.
  • a further funnel-shaped insert 15 is positioned to form a separating cone whose free upper peripheral edge 16 in turn projects beyond the funnel-shaped slag collecting container 12.
  • a circumferential annular gap 17 is formed between the funnel-shaped insert 15 and the wall of the slag collecting container 12. Since during operation of the reactor 1 from the quench channel 11 continuously a gas / slag / water mixture flows downwards, which in Fig. 2 indicated by the arrow 18, the cooling water is moved through the annular gap 17 upwards and flows over the peripheral edge 14 in the water bath thirteenth
  • the flow of the gas around the end edge 20 of the quench channel 11 is designated by 19.
  • the discharge of the cooled slag represents an arrow 21 symbolically.
  • the described embodiment of the invention is still to be modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit, the invention is not limited in particular to the geometric shape of the slag collecting container with funnel-shaped use, here a round cross-sectional shape may be provided as well as a polygonal cross-sectional shape u , like. More.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf einen Vergasungsreaktor zur Herstellung von CO- oder H2-haltigem Rohgas der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention is directed to a gasification reactor for the production of CO- or H 2 -containing raw gas of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger Vergasungsreaktor ist beispielsweise aus der WO 2009/036985 A1 der Anmelderin bekannt, wobei in dieser Literaturstelle eine Fülle von weiterem Stand der Technik genannt ist, wie beispielsweise die US 4 474 584 , die insbesondere die Kühlung des heißen Synthesegases behandelt.Such a gasification reactor is for example from the WO 2009/036985 A1 the applicant, in which reference a wealth of further prior art is called, such as the US 4,474,584 which deals in particular with the cooling of the hot synthesis gas.

Die Erfindung beschäftigt sich insbesondere mit Problemen, die bei derartigen Reaktoren auftauchen, wobei die Erfindung nicht auf den speziell hier angesprochenen Vergasungsreaktor beschränkt ist, sie richtet sich auch auf Apparate, bei denen ähnliche, weiter unten näher beschriebene Probleme auftauchen können.The invention is particularly concerned with problems encountered with such reactors, the invention being not limited to the gasification reactor specifically contemplated herein, but also directed to apparatuses in which similar problems, as described in more detail below, may arise.

Ein derartiger Apparat muss geeignet sein, um Verfahren der Druckvergasung/Verbrennung von fein verteilten Brennstoffen zu ermöglichen, wozu die partielle Oxidation der Brennstoffe Kohlenstaub, fein verteilte Biomasse, Öl, Teere od. dgl. in einem Reaktor gehört. Hierzu gehört auch der getrennte oder gemeinsame Abzug von Schlacke oder Flugasche und erzeugtem Synthese- bzw. Rauchgas. Es muss eine Kühlung der Reaktionsprodukte (Gas und Schlacke/Flugasche) möglich gemacht werden, etwa durch Sprühquenchen, Gasquenchen, Strahlungsquenchen, Konvektionsheizflächen od. dgl., je nach Art des eingesetzten Verfahrens, wobei schließlich auch ein Augenmerk auf die Ausschleusung der Reaktionsprodukte aus dem Druckbehälter gerichtet werden muss.Such an apparatus must be suitable to allow processes of pressure gasification / combustion of finely divided fuels, including the partial oxidation of the fuels coal dust, finely divided biomass, oil, tars or the like in a reactor. This includes the separate or joint withdrawal of slag or fly ash and produced synthesis or flue gas. It must be made possible cooling of the reaction products (gas and slag / fly ash), such as spray quenching, gas quenching, radiation quenching, Konvektionsheizflächen od. Like., Depending on the nature of the method used, which finally also pay attention to the discharge of the reaction products from the Pressure vessel must be addressed.

In der oben schon erwähnten, gattungsbildenden WO 2009/036985 A1 ist bereits eine Maßnahme beschrieben, um auch gröbere Partikel zu kühlen und eine Umlaufströmung zu induzieren, um Ablagerungen zu vermeiden.In the already mentioned above, generic WO 2009/036985 A1 already described is a measure to cool even coarser particles and induce a circulation flow to avoid deposits.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, insbesondere dem Schlackebehälter eine wirtschaftlich günstige Gestaltung bei gleichzeitiger Vervielfältigung der Funktionsweise zu geben.Object of the present invention is, in particular the slag container to give an economically favorable design while duplicating the operation.

Bei einem Vergasungsreaktor der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass im Schlacke-/Wasserbad ein trichterförmiger Schlackesammelbehälter vorgesehen ist, der in Einfallrichtung der Schlacke mit einem zweiten trichterförmigen Einsatz als Abscheidekonus ausgerüstet ist, dessen Trichterwand zum Schlackesammelbehälter einen umlaufenden Ringspalt bildet und dessen freie Randkante oberhalb der freien Randkante des Schlackesammelbehälters positioniert ist.In a gasification reactor of the type described, this object is achieved according to the invention in that a funnel-shaped slag collecting container is provided in the direction of incidence of the slag with a second funnel-shaped insert as Abscheidekonus whose funnel wall to Schlackesammelbehälter a circumferential annular gap forms and whose free edge is positioned above the free edge of the slag collection container.

Da permanent ein Gas/Schlacke/Kühlwasser-Gemisch von oben in den trichterförmigen Schlackesammelbehälter einströmt, wird durch die erfindungsgemäße, teilweise Doppelwandigkeit des Trichterbereiches eine Überlaufströmung aus dem trichterförmigen Einsatz in das umgebende Wasserbad erzeugt.Since a gas / slag / cooling-water mixture permanently flows from above into the funnel-shaped slag collecting container, an overflow flow from the funnel-shaped insert into the surrounding water bath is generated by the inventive partial double walledness of the funnel region.

Dadurch, dass die freie Randkante des Innenkonus die Trichterwand überragt, wird zusätzlich erreicht, dass etwaige Turbulenzen der Wasseroberfläche bei Anfallen größerer Schlackepartikel nicht dazu führen, dass dann Kühlwasser mit zu großen Schlackepartikeln nach außen in das umgebende Wasserbad eingetragen werden.Due to the fact that the free edge of the inner cone projects beyond the funnel wall, it is additionally achieved that any turbulences of the water surface when larger slag particles accumulate do not lead to cooling water with too large slag particles being introduced to the outside into the surrounding water bath.

Die EP 0 459 023 A1 zeigt eine Anordnung zweier trichterförmiger Ascheauffangbehälter in einem Gaskühler, wobei diese Trichter allerdings nicht in einem Wasserbad angeordnet sind. Die US 4 852 997 A zeigt eine trichterförmige Ascheauffangkonstruktion, welche mit einem Ascheaustrag für Treibasche ausgestattet ist und welche über die Anordnung eines Wasserauslaufes im äußeren Wasserbad und einer Öffnung im unteren Teil der trichterförmigen Ascheauffangkonstruktion eine Strömung im Wasserbad produziert, allerdings ist dort kein zweiter trichterförmiger Einsatz gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung vorhanden.The EP 0 459 023 A1 shows an arrangement of two funnel-shaped ash collecting container in a gas cooler, said funnel however not arranged in a water bath. The US 4 852 997 A shows a funnel-shaped ash collecting structure, which is equipped with a ash outlet for pouch and which produces a flow in the water bath on the arrangement of a water outlet in the outer water bath and an opening in the lower part of the funnel-shaped ash collecting structure, however, there is no second funnel-shaped insert according to the present invention ,

In Ausgestaltung ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der den Quenchraum umschließende Zylinder einen geringerenIn an embodiment, it is provided according to the invention that the cylinder enclosing the quench chamber has a smaller one

Durchmesser aufweist als der den Abscheidekonus bildende trichterförmige Einsatz.Diameter than the funnel-shaped insert forming the Abscheidekonus.

Damit wird gewährleistet, dass das einfallende, oben schon erwähnte Gas/Schlacke/Wasser-Gemisch mit Sicherheit in den inneren trichterförmigen Einsatz gelenkt wird, wobei das Gas im Freiraum zwischen Randkante des den Quenchraum umschließenden Zylinders einerseits und der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche im trichterförmigen Einsatz in den umgebenden freien Ringraum andererseits strömen kann.This ensures that the incidental, already mentioned above gas / slag / water mixture is directed with certainty in the inner funnel-shaped insert, wherein the gas in the space between the peripheral edge of the quench chamber enclosing cylinder on the one hand and the liquid surface in the funnel-shaped insert in the surrounding free annulus on the other hand can flow.

Die Erfindung sieht auch vor, dass der durch den konischen Schlackesammelbehälter und den Abscheidekonus gebildete Ringspalt derart bemessen ist, dass nur Partikel vorbestimmter maximaler Größe über die Überlaufkante im Schlackesammelbehälter in das im Niveau niedriger liegende Wasserbad überfließen können.The invention also provides that the annular gap formed by the conical slag collecting container and the separating cone is dimensioned such that only particles of a predetermined maximum size can overflow over the overflow edge in the slag collecting container into the lower water bath.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aufgrund der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine prinzipielle Schnittzeichnung durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Vergasungsreaktor sowie in
Fig. 2
eine schematische, vergrößerte Ansicht des unteren Teiles des Vergasungsreaktors mit Schlacke-/Wasserbad.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the drawing. This shows in
Fig. 1
a schematic sectional view through a gasification reactor according to the invention and in
Fig. 2
a schematic, enlarged view of the lower part of the gasification reactor with slag / water bath.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte, allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Vergasungsreaktor weist einen Druckbehälter 2 auf, in dem von oben nach unten ein durch eine Membranwand 3 umschlossener Reaktionsraum 4 auf Abstand zum Druckbehälter 3 angeordnet ist.The in Fig. 1 represented, generally designated 1 gasification reactor has a pressure vessel 2, in which from top to bottom, an enclosed by a membrane wall 3 reaction chamber 4 is arranged at a distance from the pressure vessel 3.

Die die Membranwand 3 beaufschlagende Kühlmittelzuleitung ist mit 5 bezeichnet. Dabei geht die Membranwand 3 über einen unteren Konus 6 in einen verengten Kanal als Teil eines mit 8 bezeichneten Übergangsbereiches über, wobei im verengten Übergangskanal 7 Drallbremsen 9 angedeutet sind. Mit 10a ist eine Abtropfkante im Übergangsbereich 8 für die flüssige Asche im Übergangsbereich im Abstand zur ersten Abtropfkante 10 am Ende des Übergangskanales 7 bezeichnet.The membrane inlet 3 acting on the coolant supply line is denoted by 5. In this case, the membrane wall 3 passes via a lower cone 6 in a narrowed channel as part of a transition region designated 8, wherein in the narrowed transition channel 7 swirl brakes 9 are indicated. 10a, a drip edge in the transition region 8 for the liquid ash in the transition region at a distance from the first drip edge 10 at the end of the transition channel 7 is designated.

An den Übergangsbereich 8 schließt sich ein Quenchraum bzw. Quenchkanal 11, gefolgt von einem Schlackesammelbehälter 12 in einem Wasserbad 13 an.The transition region 8 is followed by a quench chamber or quench channel 11, followed by a slag collecting container 12 in a water bath 13.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, befindet sich bei der hier beschriebenen Ausführung im Wasserbad 13 ein trichterförmiger Schlackesammelbehälter 12, dessen freie Randkante 14 das Flüssigkeitsniveau im Wasserbad 13 überragt.How out Fig. 2 it can be seen, in the embodiment described here in the water bath 13, a funnel-shaped slag collecting container 12, whose free edge 14 extends beyond the liquid level in the water bath 13.

Konzentrisch in diesem trichterförmigen Schlackesammelbehälter 12 ist zur Bildung eines Abscheidekonus ein weiterer trichterförmiger Einsatz 15 positioniert, dessen freie obere Randkante 16 wiederum den trichterförmigen Schlackesammelbehälter 12 überragt.Concentrically in this funnel-shaped slag collecting container 12, a further funnel-shaped insert 15 is positioned to form a separating cone whose free upper peripheral edge 16 in turn projects beyond the funnel-shaped slag collecting container 12.

Zwischen dem trichterförmigen Einsatz 15 und der Wand des Schlackesammelbehälters 12 ist ein umlaufender Ringspalt 17 ausgebildet. Da beim Betrieb des Reaktors 1 aus dem Quenchkanal 11 laufend ein Gas/Schlacke/Wasser-Gemisch nach unten strömt, was in Fig. 2 durch den Pfeil 18 angedeutet ist, wird das Kühlwasser durch den Ringspalt 17 nach oben bewegt und strömt über die Randkante 14 in das Wasserbad 13.Between the funnel-shaped insert 15 and the wall of the slag collecting container 12, a circumferential annular gap 17 is formed. Since during operation of the reactor 1 from the quench channel 11 continuously a gas / slag / water mixture flows downwards, which in Fig. 2 indicated by the arrow 18, the cooling water is moved through the annular gap 17 upwards and flows over the peripheral edge 14 in the water bath thirteenth

Aufgrund der geometrischen Abmessungen, d.h. insbesondere aufgrund der Gestaltung der Breite des Ringspaltes 17, sind die Partikel, die durch diesen Ringspalt mitgerissen werden, in ihrer Größe eingeschränkt, so dass nur entsprechende Feststoffe mit einer nach oben begrenzten Größe durch diesen Ringspalt in das Wasserbad gelangen, um nicht Pumpen oder sonstige Fördermittel unnötig zu belasten oder zu beschädigen.Due to the geometric dimensions, ie in particular due to the design of the width of the annular gap 17, the particles that are entrained by this annular gap, in Limited in size, so that only appropriate solids with an upwardly limited size pass through this annular gap in the water, so as not to unnecessarily burden or damage pumps or other funding.

Da die Randkante 16 des trichterförmigen Einsatzes 15 über dem Flüssigkeitsniveau des Schlackesammelbehälters 12 liegt, verhindert diese Gestaltung, dass bei Anfallen größerer Schlackebrocken und damit Beunruhigung der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche größere Partikel über die Randkante 16 ggf. in das Schlacke-/ Wasserbad 13 gelangen können.Since the marginal edge 16 of the funnel-shaped insert 15 is above the liquid level of the slag collecting container 12, this design prevents larger particles from possibly reaching the slag / water bath 13 via the peripheral edge 16 if larger slag boulders and thus disquieting the liquid surface occur.

Die Strömung des Gases um die Endkante 20 des Quenchkanales 11 ist mit 19 bezeichnet. Das Austragen der abgekühlten Schlacke stellt ein Pfeil 21 symbolisch dar.The flow of the gas around the end edge 20 of the quench channel 11 is designated by 19. The discharge of the cooled slag represents an arrow 21 symbolically.

Natürlich ist das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung noch in vielfacher Hinsicht abzuändern, ohne den Grundgedanken zu verlassen, so ist die Erfindung insbesondere nicht auf die geometrische Form des Schlackesammelbehälters mit trichterförmigem Einsatz beschränkt, hier kann eine runde Querschnittsform ebenso vorgesehen sein, wie eine vieleckige Querschnittsform u. dgl. mehr.Of course, the described embodiment of the invention is still to be modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit, the invention is not limited in particular to the geometric shape of the slag collecting container with funnel-shaped use, here a round cross-sectional shape may be provided as well as a polygonal cross-sectional shape u , like. More.

Claims (3)

  1. Gasification reactor for producing crude gas, containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, then a transitional region and a quenching chamber are provided inside a pressure vessel, with a slag/water bath following in the direction of gravity,
    characterized
    in that a funnel-shaped slag collecting container (12) is provided in the slag/water bath (13), which container is provided with a second funnel-shaped insert (15) as a deposition cone in the direction of incidence of the slag (arrow 18), the funnel wall of which insert forms a circumferential annular gap (17) with respect to the slag collecting container and the free peripheral edge (16) of which is positioned above the free peripheral edge (14) of the slag collecting container (12).
  2. Gasification reactor according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the cylinder enclosing the quenching chamber (11) has a smaller diameter than the funnel-shaped insert (15) forming the deposition cone.
  3. Gasification reactor according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized
    in that the annular gap (17) formed by the conical slag collecting container (12) and the deposition cone (15) is dimensioned in such a way that only particles of a predetermined maximum size can flow over the overflow edge (14) of the slag collecting container (12) into the water bath (13), which lies at a lower level.
EP10734696.7A 2009-07-28 2010-07-16 Gasification reactor for producing crude gas Active EP2459685B1 (en)

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DE102009035051A DE102009035051B4 (en) 2009-07-28 2009-07-28 Gasification reactor for the production of raw gas
PCT/EP2010/004338 WO2011012230A2 (en) 2009-07-28 2010-07-16 Gasification reactor for producing crude gas

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US11242494B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2022-02-08 Aries Clean Technologies Llc System and process for continuous production of contaminate free, size specific biochar following gasification
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CN106590760A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-04-26 北京清创晋华科技有限公司 Gas producer with constant liquid level and waste heat boiler
US11788021B2 (en) * 2018-11-28 2023-10-17 Kbi Invest & Management Ag Reactor and process for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials

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CN102471712B (en) 2014-01-15
BR112012001720A2 (en) 2016-04-12
RU2537177C2 (en) 2014-12-27
WO2011012230A2 (en) 2011-02-03
KR101648609B1 (en) 2016-08-16
EP2459685A2 (en) 2012-06-06
US20120171084A1 (en) 2012-07-05
DE102009035051B4 (en) 2011-04-21
AU2010278407A1 (en) 2012-02-02
TWI485238B (en) 2015-05-21
RU2012106883A (en) 2013-09-10
CA2767849C (en) 2017-11-28
AU2010278407B2 (en) 2014-05-01
CA2767849A1 (en) 2011-02-03
US9096808B2 (en) 2015-08-04
PL2459685T3 (en) 2016-01-29
WO2011012230A3 (en) 2011-06-16
DE102009035051A1 (en) 2011-02-10
UA103406C2 (en) 2013-10-10
TW201109431A (en) 2011-03-16
ES2550053T3 (en) 2015-11-04
HK1169138A1 (en) 2013-01-18
BR112012001720B1 (en) 2018-02-06
CN102471712A (en) 2012-05-23

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