EP2453192A2 - Shaft dryer for dying bulk material - Google Patents
Shaft dryer for dying bulk material Download PDFInfo
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- EP2453192A2 EP2453192A2 EP11188852A EP11188852A EP2453192A2 EP 2453192 A2 EP2453192 A2 EP 2453192A2 EP 11188852 A EP11188852 A EP 11188852A EP 11188852 A EP11188852 A EP 11188852A EP 2453192 A2 EP2453192 A2 EP 2453192A2
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- Prior art keywords
- dryer
- air
- roof
- horizontal
- air duct
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
- F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
- F26B17/1408—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material
- F26B17/1416—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material the ducts being half open or perforated and arranged horizontally
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
- F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
- F26B17/1433—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a roof-shaft dryer for drying flowable bulk material.
- bulk goods include, for example, cereals, legumes, rice and basic materials of the chemical industry.
- Roof shaft dryers are constructed according to the modular principle of individual dryer sections, which are arranged one above the other.
- a dryer section usually four horizontal rows of air ducts are housed.
- Each horizontal row of air ducts also referred to as a roof row, can comprise up to sixteen complete air ducts. Since the air ducts often have a roof-shaped cross-section, they are also referred to as roofs and their arrangement as a roof row.
- the Gutfeuchtever republic is the most important criterion.
- the fluctuation range of the Gutfeuchte the Dryeraustrag is in the same order of magnitude as the absolute humidity difference between entry and discharge, ie before and after drying.
- the number of supply air ducts should be equal to the number of exhaust ducts.
- DEM discrete element method
- the uniformity of the drying in a roof-shaft dryer is decisively determined by the number, the geometry, the arrangement and the assignment of the air ducts for supply air and exhaust air.
- the DE 10 2007 028 781 A1 describes a roof duct dryer with a special diagonal arrangement of the supply and exhaust air ducts.
- this change takes place according to this method in the diagonal direction.
- the diagonal arrangement has the disadvantage of a poorer flow through the bed compared to the horizontal air duct arrangement. Due to the diagonal and simultaneously staggered arrangement of the air channels, dead zones form in the grain bed, which are not or hardly flowed through by the drying air. At the same air mass flow and the same number of air ducts, the average flow rate in the diagonal arrangement is also at least 1/3 higher than in the horizontal air duct arrangement, whereby the utilization rate of the drying potential of the air is lower. Both effects reduce the drying performance.
- the DE 103 57 410 A1 discloses a roof duct dryer with horizontal air duct arrangement, which operates on the principle of cross countercurrent. While the material passes through the dryer from top to bottom, the drying air is passed from bottom to top alternately at different heights in different directions through the dryer shaft. At each change of direction there is an intermediate heating of the air. This allows the setting of a desired temperature profile above the dryer height and thus an adjustment to the product and moisture dependent, maximum allowable Guttemperaturen. The process favors a gentle product drying.
- the heat exchanger for cooling as well as for heating of free-flowing solids is described.
- the heat exchanger consists of a body, in the interior of which transversely to the conveying direction of the free-flowing solid tubular heat transfer elements are installed.
- the heat transfer elements have an isosceles or equilateral triangular cross section. By the heat transfer elements, a heating or coolant flow is performed and thus realized an indirect heat transfer.
- the US Pat. No. 7,188,436 B2 describes a cylindrical, vertically oriented and continuously operating gravity flow apparatus for heating and / or drying free-flowing solids, with an inlet on the top and an outlet on the bottom.
- the flow zone of the material to be treated is located between an inner and an outer housing which are perforated to direct hot air through the packed bed. Both housings consist of alternately inclined cylindrical sections.
- the invention has for its object to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a roof-shaft dryer, with which uniform drying conditions and thus uniform or at least comparable drying histories for bulk particles of different trajectories are achieved.
- the terms “full” and “non-complete” air duct are used.
- the complete air channels have
- the maximum cross-section which is defined by the selected shape of the air duct, for example, an isosceles triangle.
- Non-complete air channels have a cross-section which is smaller than that of the complete air channels by cutting the base.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by providing a roof-shaft dryer for drying bulk material, which comprises superimposed dryer sections having a horizontal air duct arrangement, wherein the two side walls of the dryer sections parallel to the air duct arrangement are inclined by an angle ⁇ , which is defined by 5 ° ⁇ ⁇ 45 °.
- the horizontal air duct arrangement comprises a plurality of horizontal rows of air ducts arranged one above the other, wherein the duct rows are arranged such that the centers of the air ducts in the respective duct rows are traversed by a diagonal which corresponds to the angle of inclination .theta.
- a roof duct dryer in which the angle ⁇ is from 20 ° to 35 °.
- Particularly preferred is a roof-shaft dryer in which the angle ⁇ is 25 °.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the roof-shaft dryer according to the invention is characterized in that each dryer section is provided with an even number of horizontal rows of air ducts.
- a roof-shaft dryer in which each dryer section is provided with an odd number of horizontal rows of air ducts is advantageous.
- Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the roof duct dryer according to the invention, in which each dryer section is provided with three horizontal rows of air ducts.
- the roof duct dryer wherein the air duct arrangement causes a product flow division at the interface between two superposed dryer sections.
- roof duct dryer according to the invention in which a product flow division takes place after each dryer section through the selected air duct arrangement.
- the roof duct dryer according to the invention in which the dryer sections are equipped exclusively with complete air ducts.
- the roof duct dryer according to the invention in which the dryer sections comprise incomplete air ducts, which are arranged on the side wall of the dryer section, under which the bed flows along.
- This embodiment will be advantageous if, due to the desired drying result, drying of the cereal strands in the Wall area should not be waived.
- the roof duct dryer then has according to the invention non-complete air ducts on one of the two side walls of the dryer section. These non-complete air ducts are according to the invention on the side wall of the dryer section, which does not or only slightly influenced the bulk material flow due to their inclination. Thus, if present, the incomplete air channels are located on the side wall of the dryer section under which the bed flows.
- Fig. 1 shows the diagram of two dryer sections 2 of an embodiment of the roof duct dryer according to the invention. In each case, three horizontal rows of air ducts per dryer section are shown, with six complete air ducts being shown in each air duct row. Shown is the angle ⁇ , around which the side walls of the dryer sections are inclined. Further shown is the angle ⁇ as the angle of inclination of the air duct diagonals. The figure is supplemented by the product flow division 5 shown schematically.
- the side walls of the dryer are inclined by an angle ⁇ and the angle ⁇ is defined by 5 ° ⁇ ⁇ 45 °, whereby the horizontal staggered arrangement can be maintained.
- the arrangement of the air ducts is thus such that the centers of the air ducts in the horizontal duct rows are traversed by a diagonal, which corresponds to the angle ⁇ in the range of 5 ° ⁇ ⁇ 45 °.
- a change takes place in the direction of the inclination of the side walls and a product flow division 5.
- the particle paths run parallel to the diagonal rows of air ducts, which results in an alternating flow around hot supply air 3 or cold exhaust air ducts 4.
- the alternating flow around Zuluft- 3 and exhaust air ducts 4 and the product flow division 5 lead to a homogenization of the drying.
- each dryer section 2 is equipped with an odd number of horizontal rows of air ducts, as well as in the Fig. 1 is shown. This actually creates identical dryer sections 2. A possible rotation by 180 °, z. As in the assembly, no negative consequences with respect to the assignment of the air ducts and a deteriorated air flow by itself.
- the air ducts of the roof duct dryer according to the invention in the Fig. 1 shown in the shape of an isosceles triangle.
- the shape of the air ducts is made aerodynamic with respect to particle movement and air flow.
- the invention achieves a constant change of the flow around the supply air and exhaust air ducts, whereby dead zones of the air flow are avoided.
- the additional product flow divisions after each dryer section increase the uniformity of the drying and ensure a gentle product treatment.
- the multi-level product flow split multiplies this effect. It is particularly advantageous that the product flow division is realized without additional technical effort due to the air duct arrangement according to the invention after each dryer section.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Dächerschachttrockner zur Trocknung von rieselfähigem Schüttgut.The present invention relates to a roof-shaft dryer for drying flowable bulk material.
Zu Schüttgut im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung gehören beispielsweise Getreide, Hülsenfrüchte, Reis und Grundstoffe der chemischen Industrie.For the purposes of the present invention, bulk goods include, for example, cereals, legumes, rice and basic materials of the chemical industry.
Dächerschachttrockner sind nach dem Baukastenprinzip aus einzelnen Trocknersektionen aufgebaut, die übereinander angeordnet sind. In einer Trocknersektion sind üblicherweise vier horizontale Luftkanalreihen untergebracht. Jede horizontale Luftkanalreihe, die auch als Dachreihe bezeichnet wird, kann bis zu sechzehn vollständige Luftkanäle umfassen. Da die Luftkanäle häufig einen dachförmigen Querschnitt besitzen, werden sie auch als Dächer und ihre Anordnung als Dachreihe bezeichnet.Roof shaft dryers are constructed according to the modular principle of individual dryer sections, which are arranged one above the other. In a dryer section usually four horizontal rows of air ducts are housed. Each horizontal row of air ducts, also referred to as a roof row, can comprise up to sixteen complete air ducts. Since the air ducts often have a roof-shaped cross-section, they are also referred to as roofs and their arrangement as a roof row.
Im Stand der Technik besteht in Bezug auf Dächerschachttrockner das Problem, dass bei der Verwendung der Vorrichtung die Partikelbahnen einiger Getreidepartien nur an heißen Zuluftkanälen entlang führen und dadurch übertrocknet werden und andere nur an kalten Abluftkanälen, wo die Luft schon recht kühl und feucht ist. Diese Getreidepartien werden untertrocknet. Die unterschiedlichen Trocknungsbedingungen führen zwangsläufig zu ungleichmäßiger Trocknung. Ein erheblicher Anteil der Nachernteverluste ist direkt oder indirekt auf Unter- bzw. Übertrocknung zurückzuführen.In the prior art, there is the problem with roof duct dryers that when using the device, the particle paths of some cereal parts only lead along hot supply air ducts and thereby overdried and others only on cold exhaust ducts, where the air is already quite cool and humid. These cereal parts are dried up. The different drying conditions inevitably lead to uneven drying. A significant proportion of the post-harvest losses is directly or indirectly due to under- or over-drying.
Will man die Gleichmäßigkeit der Trocknung von Schüttgut in einem Dächerschachttrockner bewerten, so ist die Gutfeuchteverteilung das wichtigste Kriterium. Wie die Untersuchungen von Trocknungsvorgängen mit Vorrichtungen des Standes der Technik sowohl im Technikumsmaßstab als auch im großtechnischen Maßstab ergaben, liegt die Schwankungsbreite der Gutfeuchte am Trockneraustrag in der gleichen Größenordnung wie die absolute Feuchtedifferenz zwischen Eintrag und Austrag, also vor und nach der Trocknung. Diese Feuchteschwankungen traten selbst unter konstanten Versuchsbedingungen im stationären Betrieb auf, bei denen alle Einflussparameter - einschließlich der Frischgutfeuchte am Eintrag - konstant gehalten wurden. Die Hauptursache dieser erheblichen Gutfeuchteschwankungen ist in der Art der Luftkanalanordnung und damit der Luftführung begründet.If you want to evaluate the uniformity of the drying of bulk material in a rooftop dryer, the Gutfeuchteverteilung is the most important criterion. Like the investigations of drying processes with devices of the prior art, both on a pilot plant scale and on an industrial scale, the fluctuation range of the Gutfeuchte the Dryeraustrag is in the same order of magnitude as the absolute humidity difference between entry and discharge, ie before and after drying. These moisture fluctuations occurred even under steady-state experimental conditions in steady-state operation, in which all influencing parameters - including the moisture content at the entry - were kept constant. The main cause of this considerable Gutfeuchteschwankungen is due to the nature of the air duct arrangement and thus the air flow.
Um gleiche Strömungsquerschnitte beim Lufteintritt auf der Zuluft- und beim Luftaustritt auf der Abluftseite zu gewährleisten und eine gleichmäßige Luftdurchströmung des Trockners zu erzielen, sollte die Anzahl der Zuluftkanäle gleich der Anzahl der Abluftkanäle sein. Um diese Bedingung unter Beibehaltung der versetzten Anordnung zu erfüllen, ist es notwendig, dass in jeder zweiten Luftkanalreihe anstelle eines vollständigen Luftkanals zwei nicht-vollständige Kanäle an den Seitenwänden installiert werden. Wie durch experimentelle Verweilzeitanalyse, Messungen zur Partikelgeschwindigkeitsverteilung und DEM-Simulationen (DEM - Diskrete Elemente Methode) nachgewiesen werden konnte, stellen diese nicht-vollständigen Luftkanäle für die Partikelbewegung jedoch enorme Strömungshindernisse dar.In order to ensure equal flow cross sections at the air inlet on the supply air and the air outlet on the exhaust side and to achieve a uniform air flow through the dryer, the number of supply air ducts should be equal to the number of exhaust ducts. To meet this condition while maintaining the staggered arrangement, it is necessary that in each second row of air ducts, instead of a complete air duct, two incomplete ducts be installed on the side walls. However, as evidenced by experimental residence time analysis, particulate velocity distribution measurements, and DEM (discrete element method) simulations, these incomplete air channels for particle movement present enormous flow obstacles.
Die DEM-Analyse der Partikelbahnen hat zudem ergeben, dass sich unterhalb der nicht-vollständigen Luftkanäle Totzonen herausbilden, in denen es zu einer extremen Verlängerung der Partikelverweilzeit kommt. Eine verlängerte Verweilzeit ist gleichbedeutend mit einer Verlängerung der Trocknungsdauer. Hierdurch kommt es zur Übertrocknung von Getreidepartien, die sich in wandnahen Bereichen durch den Trockner bewegen. Da die nicht-vollständigen Luftkanäle zur Vermeidung von Untertrocknung üblicherweise auf der Zuluftseite installiert sind, kann diese Anordnung unter Umständen zu Überhitzungen und ggf. zu Trocknerbränden führen.The DEM analysis of the particle webs has also revealed that below the incomplete air channels dead zones emerge, in which there is an extreme extension of the particle residence time. An extended residence time is equivalent to an extension of the drying time. This leads to over-drying of grain parts, which are located near the walls move through the dryer. Since the non-complete air ducts are usually installed on the supply air side to avoid under-drying, this arrangement can possibly lead to overheating and possibly to dryer fires.
Die Gleichmäßigkeit der Trocknung in einem Dächerschachttrockner wird maßgebend durch die Anzahl, die Geometrie, die Anordnung sowie die Zuordnung der Luftkanäle für Zuluft und Abluft bestimmt.The uniformity of the drying in a roof-shaft dryer is decisively determined by the number, the geometry, the arrangement and the assignment of the air ducts for supply air and exhaust air.
Weltweit wird von der Mehrzahl der Trocknerhersteller die klassische horizontale Luftkanalanordnung eingesetzt. Bei dieser Anordnung sind Luftkanäle gleicher Zuordnung (Zuluft, Abluft) in horizontalen Luftkanalreihen abwechselnd übereinander und versetzt angeordnet. Infolge der versetzten Anordnung entstehen auch vertikale Dachreihen gleicher Zuordnung. Das heißt, über der Trocknerbreite liegen vertikale Zuluft- und Abluftkanalreihen nebeneinander. Da die Schüttgutbewegung allein auf der Wirkung der Schwerkraft beruht, folgen die Partikel überwiegend vertikalen Partikelbahnen durch den Trockner. Dadurch führen die Partikelbahnen einiger Getreidepartien nur an heißen Zuluftkanälen entlang, wodurch diese übertrocknet werden. Andere verlaufen nur an kalten Abluftkanälen, wo die Luft schon recht kühl und feucht ist. Diese Getreidepartien werden untertrocknet.The majority of dryer manufacturers around the world use the classic horizontal air duct arrangement. In this arrangement, air ducts of the same assignment (supply air, exhaust air) are arranged alternately one above the other and offset in horizontal rows of air ducts. As a result of the staggered arrangement, vertical rows of roofs also have the same assignment. That is, vertical Zuluft- and exhaust air duct rows are next to each other over the dryer width. Since the bulk material movement is based solely on the effect of gravity, the particles follow predominantly vertical particle paths through the dryer. As a result, the particle paths of some cereal parts only lead along hot supply air ducts, as a result of which they are overdried. Others only run on cold exhaust ducts, where the air is already quite cool and humid. These cereal parts are dried up.
Die
Da die Schüttgutbewegung in einem Schachttrockner allein auf der Wirkung der Schwerkraft beruht, folgen die Partikel überwiegend vertikalen Partikelbahnen durch den Trockner. Aufgrund der speziellen diagonalen Anordnung verlaufen diese nahezu vertikalen Partikelbahnen abwechselnd an heißen Zuluft- und relativ kalten Abluftkanälen entlang, wo die Luft schon recht kühl und feucht ist. Dieser Effekt führt zu einer deutlich gleichmäßigeren Trocknung im Vergleich zur traditionellen, horizontalen Luftkanalanordnung.Since the bulk material movement in a shaft dryer is based solely on the effect of gravity, the particles predominantly follow vertical particle paths through the dryer. Due to the special diagonal arrangement, these nearly vertical particle paths run alternately along hot supply and relatively cold exhaust air ducts, where the air is already quite cool and humid. This effect leads to a significantly more uniform drying compared to the traditional, horizontal air channel arrangement.
Trotz homogenerer Feuchteverteilung hat die diagonale Anordnung den Nachteil einer schlechteren Durchströmung der Schüttung im Vergleich zur horizontalen Luftkanalanordnung. Durch die diagonale und gleichzeitig versetzte Anordnung der Luftkanäle bilden sich Totzonen in der Getreideschüttung, die nicht oder kaum von der Trocknungsluft durchströmt werden. Bei gleichem Luftmassenstrom und gleicher Anzahl von Luftkanälen ist die mittlere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit bei der diagonalen Anordnung außerdem um mindestens 1/3 höher als bei horizontaler Luftkanalanordnung, wodurch der Nutzungsgrad des Trocknungspotenzials der Luft geringer ausfällt. Beide Effekte verringern die Trocknungsleistung.Despite more homogeneous moisture distribution, the diagonal arrangement has the disadvantage of a poorer flow through the bed compared to the horizontal air duct arrangement. Due to the diagonal and simultaneously staggered arrangement of the air channels, dead zones form in the grain bed, which are not or hardly flowed through by the drying air. At the same air mass flow and the same number of air ducts, the average flow rate in the diagonal arrangement is also at least 1/3 higher than in the horizontal air duct arrangement, whereby the utilization rate of the drying potential of the air is lower. Both effects reduce the drying performance.
Die
In der
Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu überwinden. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, einen Dächerschachttrockner zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit dem gleichmäßige Trocknungsbedingungen und damit gleichförmige oder wenigstens vergleichbare Trocknungsgeschichten für Schüttgutpartikel unterschiedlicher Trajektorien erzielt werden.The invention has for its object to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a roof-shaft dryer, with which uniform drying conditions and thus uniform or at least comparable drying histories for bulk particles of different trajectories are achieved.
Im Zusammenhang der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die Begriffe "vollständiger" und "nicht-vollständiger" Luftkanal verwendet. Die vollständigen Luftkanäle besitzen hierbei den maximalen Querschnitt, der durch die gewählte Form des Luftkanals, beispielsweise ein gleichschenkliges Dreieck, definiert wird. Nicht-vollständige Luftkanäle besitzen einen Querschnitt, der gegenüber dem der vollständigen Luftkanäle durch Schneiden der Grundfläche verkleinert ist.In the context of the present invention, the terms "full" and "non-complete" air duct are used. The complete air channels have Here, the maximum cross-section, which is defined by the selected shape of the air duct, for example, an isosceles triangle. Non-complete air channels have a cross-section which is smaller than that of the complete air channels by cutting the base.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung durch die Bereitstellung eines Dächerschachttrockners zur Trocknung von Schüttgut gelöst, welcher übereinander angeordnete Trocknersektionen umfasst, die eine horizontale Luftkanalanordnung aufweisen, wobei die beiden zur Luftkanalanordnung parallelen Seitenwände der Trocknersektionen um einen Winkel θ geneigt sind, der definiert ist durch 5° < θ ≤ 45°.According to the invention, the object of the present invention is achieved by providing a roof-shaft dryer for drying bulk material, which comprises superimposed dryer sections having a horizontal air duct arrangement, wherein the two side walls of the dryer sections parallel to the air duct arrangement are inclined by an angle θ, which is defined by 5 ° <θ ≤ 45 °.
In einer bevorzugten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Dächerschachttrockners umfasst die horizontale Luftkanalanordnung mehrere übereinander angeordnete horizontale Luftkanalreihen, wobei die Luftkanalreihen derart angeordnet sind, dass die Mittelpunkte der Luftkanäle in den jeweiligen Luftkanalreihen von einer Diagonalen durchlaufen werden, welche dem Neigungswinkel θ entspricht.In a preferred embodiment of the roof duct dryer according to the invention, the horizontal air duct arrangement comprises a plurality of horizontal rows of air ducts arranged one above the other, wherein the duct rows are arranged such that the centers of the air ducts in the respective duct rows are traversed by a diagonal which corresponds to the angle of inclination .theta.
Besonders bevorzugt ist ein Dächerschachttrockner, bei welchem der Winkel θ von 20° bis 35° beträgt.Particularly preferred is a roof duct dryer in which the angle θ is from 20 ° to 35 °.
Insbesondere bevorzugt ist ein Dächerschachttrockner, bei welchem der Winkel θ 25° beträgt.Particularly preferred is a roof-shaft dryer in which the angle θ is 25 °.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Dächerschachttrockners zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass jede Trocknersektion mit einer geraden Anzahl von horizontalen Luftkanalreihen versehen ist. Erfindungsgemäß vorteilhaft ist ein Dächerschachttrockner, bei welchem jede Trocknersektion mit einer ungeraden Anzahl von horizontalen Luftkanalreihen versehen ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Dächerschachttrockners, bei welcher jede Trocknersektion mit drei horizontalen Luftkanalreihen versehen ist.A particularly preferred embodiment of the roof-shaft dryer according to the invention is characterized in that each dryer section is provided with an even number of horizontal rows of air ducts. According to the invention, a roof-shaft dryer in which each dryer section is provided with an odd number of horizontal rows of air ducts is advantageous. Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the roof duct dryer according to the invention, in which each dryer section is provided with three horizontal rows of air ducts.
Insbesondere bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform des Dächerschachttrockners, bei welcher die Luftkanalanordnung eine Produktstromteilung an der Schnittstelle zwischen zwei übereinander liegenden Trocknersektionen bewirkt.Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the roof duct dryer, wherein the air duct arrangement causes a product flow division at the interface between two superposed dryer sections.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist der erfindungsgemäße Dächerschachttrockner, bei welchem durch die gewählte Luftkanalanordnung nach jeder Trocknersektion eine Produktstromteilung erfolgt.Particularly advantageous is the roof duct dryer according to the invention, in which a product flow division takes place after each dryer section through the selected air duct arrangement.
Besonders bevorzugt ist eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform, bei welcher die Anzahl der vollständigen Zuluftkanäle in einer horizontalen Luftkanalreihe gleich der Anzahl der vollständigen Abluftkanäle in einer horizontalen Luftkanalreihe ist.Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the invention in which the number of complete Zuluftkanäle in a horizontal air duct row is equal to the number of complete exhaust ducts in a horizontal row of air ducts.
Vorteilhaft ist der erfindungsgemäße Dächerschachttrockner, bei welchem die Trocknersektionen ausschließlich mit vollständigen Luftkanälen bestückt sind.Advantageously, the roof duct dryer according to the invention, in which the dryer sections are equipped exclusively with complete air ducts.
Insbesondere vorteilhaft ist der erfindungsgemäße Dächerschachttrockner bei welchem die Trocknersektionen nicht-vollständige Luftkanäle umfassen, welche an der Seitenwand der Trocknersektion angeordnet sind, unter der die Schüttung entlang fließt. Diese Ausführungsform wird dann vorteilhaft sein, wenn aufgrund des angestrebten Trockenergebnisses auf eine Trocknung der Getreidesträhnen im Wandbereich nicht verzichtet werden soll. Der Dächerschachttrockner weist dann erfindungsgemäß nicht-vollständige Luftkanäle an einer der beiden Seitenwände der Trocknersektion auf. Diese nicht-vollständigen Luftkanäle befinden sich erfindungsgemäß an der Seitenwand der Trocknersektion, die aufgrund ihrer Neigung den Schüttgutstrom nicht oder nur geringfügig beeinflusst. Somit befinden sich, sofern vorhanden, die nicht-vollständigen Luftkanäle an der Seitenwand der Trocknersektion, unter der die Schüttung entlang fließt.Particularly advantageous is the roof duct dryer according to the invention in which the dryer sections comprise incomplete air ducts, which are arranged on the side wall of the dryer section, under which the bed flows along. This embodiment will be advantageous if, due to the desired drying result, drying of the cereal strands in the Wall area should not be waived. The roof duct dryer then has according to the invention non-complete air ducts on one of the two side walls of the dryer section. These non-complete air ducts are according to the invention on the side wall of the dryer section, which does not or only slightly influenced the bulk material flow due to their inclination. Thus, if present, the incomplete air channels are located on the side wall of the dryer section under which the bed flows.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird anhand des nachfolgenden Beispiels näher erläutert.The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following example.
In der beispielhaft gezeigten Ausführungsform sind die Seitenwände des Trockners um einen Winkel θ geneigt und der Winkel θ ist definiert durch 5° < θ ≤ 45°, wodurch die horizontale, versetzte Anordnung beibehalten werden kann.In the embodiment shown by way of example, the side walls of the dryer are inclined by an angle θ and the angle θ is defined by 5 ° <θ ≦ 45 °, whereby the horizontal staggered arrangement can be maintained.
Die Anordnung der Luftkanäle erfolgt also derart, dass die Mittelpunkte der Luftkanäle in den horizontalen Luftkanalreihen von einer Diagonalen durchlaufen werden, welche dem Winkel θ im Bereich von 5° < θ ≤ 45° entspricht. Je Trocknersektion 2 erfolgen ein Wechsel in der Richtung der Neigung der Seitenwände und eine Produktstromteilung 5. Dadurch ändert sich die Bewegungsrichtung der Partikel von Sektion zu Sektion, so dass das Schüttgut zickzackförmig durch den Trockner bewegt wird. Die Partikelbahnen verlaufen parallel zu den diagonalen Luftkanalreihen, wodurch es zu einer abwechselnden Umströmung von heißen Zuluft- 3 bzw. kalten Abluftkanälen 4 kommt. Die abwechselnde Umströmung von Zuluft- 3 und Abluftkanälen 4 sowie die Produktstromteilung 5 führen zu einer Vergleichmäßigung der Trocknung.The arrangement of the air ducts is thus such that the centers of the air ducts in the horizontal duct rows are traversed by a diagonal, which corresponds to the angle θ in the range of 5 ° <θ ≤ 45 °. For each
In einem besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist jede Trocknersektion 2 mit einer ungeraden Anzahl von horizontalen Luftkanalreihen bestückt, wie es auch in der
In der vorliegenden Anmeldung werden die Luftkanäle des erfindungsgemäßen Dächerschachttrockners in der
Analog zur diagonalen Luftkanalanordnung wird durch die Erfindung ein steter Wechsel der Umströmung von Zuluft-und Abluftkanälen erzielt, wobei Totzonen der Luftdurchströmung vermieden werden. Die zusätzlichen Produktstromteilungen nach jeder Trocknersektion erhöhen die Gleichmäßigkeit der Trocknung und gewährleisten eine schonende Produktbehandlung.Analogous to the diagonal air duct arrangement, the invention achieves a constant change of the flow around the supply air and exhaust air ducts, whereby dead zones of the air flow are avoided. The additional product flow divisions after each dryer section increase the uniformity of the drying and ensure a gentle product treatment.
Die mehrstufige Produktstromteilung multipliziert diesen Effekt. Insbesondere vorteilhaft ist, dass die Produktstromteilung aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanalanordnung nach jeder Trocknersektion ohne zusätzlichen technischen Aufwand realisiert wird.The multi-level product flow split multiplies this effect. It is particularly advantageous that the product flow division is realized without additional technical effort due to the air duct arrangement according to the invention after each dryer section.
- 2 -2 -
- Trocknersektiondryer section
- 3 -3 -
- Luftkanal ZuluftAir duct supply air
- 4 -4 -
- Luftkanal AbluftAir duct exhaust air
- 5 -5 -
- ProduktstromteilungProduct flow separation
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
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EP11188852.5A EP2453192A3 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2011-11-11 | Shaft dryer for dying bulk material |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010043873A DE102010043873A1 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2010-11-12 | Roof shaft dryer for drying e.g. bulk material, has drying sections arranged one above other and comprising horizontal air channel arrangement, where side walls of sections are inclined around inclination angle between specific degrees |
EP11180103 | 2011-09-05 | ||
EP11188852.5A EP2453192A3 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2011-11-11 | Shaft dryer for dying bulk material |
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EP2453192A2 true EP2453192A2 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
EP2453192A3 EP2453192A3 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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DE102014107280B3 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-04-09 | Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V.(ATB) | Roofs tower dryer |
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DE10029570A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2002-01-03 | Bsw Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh Ing | Heat exchanger for friable solids has path for friable solids within body over triangular-section tubes |
DE10357410A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2005-07-07 | Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. | Batch dryer for loose material, e.g. grain, has drying air that is blown transversely through the material in an alternating pattern so that it passes in opposite directions at different heights |
US7188436B2 (en) | 2002-11-22 | 2007-03-13 | Bepex International, Llc | Heating and drying apparatus for particulate material |
DE102007028781A1 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-24 | Schmidt-Seeger Ag | Manhole dryer with special air roof arrangement |
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JP2002098478A (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-04-05 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Grain-drying facility |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10029570A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2002-01-03 | Bsw Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh Ing | Heat exchanger for friable solids has path for friable solids within body over triangular-section tubes |
US7188436B2 (en) | 2002-11-22 | 2007-03-13 | Bepex International, Llc | Heating and drying apparatus for particulate material |
DE10357410A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2005-07-07 | Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. | Batch dryer for loose material, e.g. grain, has drying air that is blown transversely through the material in an alternating pattern so that it passes in opposite directions at different heights |
DE102007028781A1 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-24 | Schmidt-Seeger Ag | Manhole dryer with special air roof arrangement |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102014107280B3 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-04-09 | Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V.(ATB) | Roofs tower dryer |
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