EP2453112B1 - Camshaft phasing device for a combustion engine - Google Patents

Camshaft phasing device for a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2453112B1
EP2453112B1 EP20110181270 EP11181270A EP2453112B1 EP 2453112 B1 EP2453112 B1 EP 2453112B1 EP 20110181270 EP20110181270 EP 20110181270 EP 11181270 A EP11181270 A EP 11181270A EP 2453112 B1 EP2453112 B1 EP 2453112B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chambers
valve
pressure
control
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20110181270
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2453112A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Busse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Publication of EP2453112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2453112A1/en
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Publication of EP2453112B1 publication Critical patent/EP2453112B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/3443—Solenoid driven oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
    • F01L2001/34463—Locking position intermediate between most retarded and most advanced positions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • F01L2800/01—Starting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a camshaft adjuster for internal combustion engine.
  • camshafts are used to actuate the so-called gas exchange valves.
  • the cams of the camshafts are usually on cam followers, such as bucket tappets, finger levers or rocker arms. If a camshaft is rotated, the cams roll on the cam sequences, which in turn actuate the gas exchange valves. Due to the position and the shape of the cams thus both the opening duration and the opening amplitude, but also the opening and closing times of the gas exchange valves are fixed.
  • camshaft timing The angular displacement of the camshaft with respect to a crankshaft to achieve optimized timing for different speed and load conditions is referred to as camshaft timing.
  • a constructive variant of a camshaft adjuster operates, for example, according to the so-called swivel motor principle.
  • a stator and a rotor are provided which are coaxial with each other and are movable relative to each other.
  • the stator and the rotor together form hydraulic chambers, further referred to simply as chambers.
  • a pair of chambers is in each case bounded by webs of the stator and divided by a respective wing of the rotor into two mutually opposite chambers whose volumes by a relative rotational movement of the rotor to the stator are changed in opposite directions. In the maximum adjustment position of the respective wing is located on one of the edge-side webs of the stator.
  • the relative rotational movement of the rotor is accomplished by an adjustment of the wing by applying a hydraulic medium, such as e.g. Oil is introduced through radial channels in the chambers and pushes the wing away.
  • a hydraulic medium such as e.g. Oil
  • the camshaft attached to the rotor becomes, for example, early, i. an earlier opening time of the gas exchange valves, adjusted.
  • the camshaft is opposite the crankshaft in the direction of late, i. a later opening time of the gas exchange valves, adjusted.
  • a control of the camshaft adjuster is effected by an electronic control device, which regulates the inflow and outflow of pressure medium to or from the individual chambers via a control valve designed, for example, as a proportional valve on the basis of electronically recorded characteristics of the internal combustion engine, such as speed and load.
  • Such a locking mechanism includes, for example, an axial pin received in the rotor, which is urged by a spring in the axial direction of its recording and can positively engage in a locking link, in particular in a sealing cover for the Stator and the rotor is shaped.
  • a locking link in particular in a sealing cover for the Stator and the rotor is shaped.
  • For unlocking the pin is subjected to the end face with pressure medium and pushed back into its receptacle in the rotor.
  • a locking of the stator and rotor takes place in a designated as a base position, for a start of the engine thermodynamically favorable phase angle of the camshaft.
  • a base position for a start of the engine thermodynamically favorable phase angle of the camshaft.
  • an early, late or intermediate position Based on the drive direction of the stator or camshaft corresponds to the late position of a final rotational position of the rotor in the wake direction (in the volume of the leading pressure chambers maximum), the early position of Endcoollage the rotor in the forward direction (in which the volumes of the trailing chambers maximum) and the intermediate position a phase position that is between the early and the late position.
  • an intermediate position is referred to, which is at least approximately in the middle between the early and the late position.
  • An adjustment of the phase angle of the rotor in a direction of rotation of the stator or camshaft same direction of rotation is referred to as an advance.
  • An adjustment of the phase position of the rotor in a direction of rotation opposite thereto is referred to as a retardation.
  • the rotor automatically adjusts itself to the retarded position due to friction moments. If the rotor is to be locked in an early or an intermediate position, special precautions must therefore be taken by which the rotor is adjusted relative to the stator. In conventional camshaft adjusters, rotary springs are provided for this purpose, for example, which bias the rotor in the direction of the desired basic position. In a concept for locking the stator and rotor they are already locked during engine shutdown. This provides the advantage that the engine is started directly in the center position during the subsequent engine start. However, this is associated with a large control and monitoring effort because according to the current angular position When the engine is switched off, the control valve is energized strategically and the angular position is to be monitored again and again.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the effort in locking a camshaft adjuster in the center position regardless of the angular position of the rotor to the stator when switching off the internal combustion engine.
  • control chambers or control chamber pair in this case the two opposing chambers are referred to, the pressure medium circuit in the base position of the control valve, i. when the engine is switched off, actuated by the positioning valve. All other chamber pairs are hereinafter referred to as "further chamber pairs”.
  • the positioning valve is connected to the control valve and thus represents a branch of the pressure medium circuit of the camshaft adjuster. In this case, the positioning valve is in particular only switched on when the control valve has assumed its basic position.
  • Tank port designates that port of the control valve via which the return of the pressure medium from the camshaft adjuster to a tank of the lubricating oil circuit of the engine takes place.
  • the term "tank” thus stands for a discharge of the pressure medium outside the camshaft adjuster.
  • the invention is based on the idea in the basic position of the engine or the control valve, in which the control valve is not energized to transfer the camshaft adjuster via a suitable distribution of pressure medium in only with the control chamber pair in the center position, which is particularly advantageous for a restart of the internal combustion engine is.
  • the control chambers of the control chamber pair are connected via the arranged in the camshaft adjuster, pressure-controlled positioning valve separated from the other chamber pairs with the pressure medium circuit in the camshaft adjuster. If the blades of the rotor are not in the center position when the engine is stopped, the chambers of each chamber pair are of different sizes. For example, if the wings stop between an early end stop and the center position, the early chambers are smaller than the late chambers.
  • the positioning valve is therefore set such that in the basic position of the control valve, the control chamber, which is smaller than the counter-rotating control chamber when switching off the engine, is connected to a supply line of the pressure medium circuit and thus filled with pressure medium.
  • the other control chamber which has the larger volume when switching off the engine is connected to the discharge line, so that an emptying operation of this control chamber begins.
  • the wing When filling the smaller control chamber and emptying the larger control chamber, the wing is pushed away between the two control chambers and reaches after a short time the center position in which the locking mechanism is activated, in particular by a pin of the locking mechanism engages axially into a gate and the rotor relative to the stator fixed in a form-fitting manner.
  • the camshaft adjuster comprises at least one laterally delimiting the chambers, applied to the stator and the rotor sealing cover, wherein the positioning valve fluidly communicates with grooves formed in the sealing cover, which are connectable via bores in the rotor with the pressure medium circuit.
  • Both the supply line and the discharge line open into the grooves in the sealing lid.
  • the grooves also open the holes in the rotor.
  • the pressure medium is supplied to the grooves or discharged.
  • the holes overlap on their career different, in the direction of rotation successively formed grooves. Which grooves and according to which of the control chambers pressure medium is supplied or removed, thus depends on the position of the rotor.
  • the procedure for locking the camshaft adjuster wear-reducing supported by the fact that in the middle position by overlapping the grooves, which leads to a reduction in the chamber pressure, the rotor is additionally braked, so that the pin has sufficient time to dive into the scenery ,
  • the rotor is additionally braked, so that the pin has sufficient time to dive into the scenery ,
  • only a single pin is provided, since the risk that the pin passes over the locking position and can not intervene in the scenery in a timely manner is minimized. This also causes less wear on the pin and on the scenery.
  • the smaller of the two control chambers via the positioning valve and a first groove in the sealing lid connected to the pressure medium port of the control valve, and the larger control chamber is via the positioning valve with a second Groove in the sealing lid connected, which is designed for a return of the pressure medium in a tank of the pressure medium circuit.
  • Pressure medium is introduced into the first groove and then into the smaller control chamber via the pressure medium port of the control valve.
  • the pressure medium located in the larger control chamber flows via the discharge line to the second groove. Since the second groove is connected to the tank, the oil flows out of the camshaft adjuster.
  • the camshaft adjuster comprises the locking mechanism, by which in the center position, the rotor and the stator are rotatably connected to each other, wherein the control valve is preferably connected via a pressure line with the locking mechanism.
  • the pressurization of the pin is thus coupled to the position of the control valve. So that the pin when passing the center position unhindered into the backdrop in the sealing lid can engage, preferably the pressure line in the base position of the control valve is connected to the tank port of the control valve, so that the pin is no longer acted upon by the pressure medium.
  • the pressure line to the locking mechanism is always connected to the pressure medium port on the control valve, whereby the pin is pushed axially back and can not produce a positive connection to the backdrop.
  • the positioning valve is connected to the pressure line and has two positions which are adjustable in dependence on whether the pressure line is connected to the pressure medium port or to the tank port.
  • the pressure line When the pressure line is connected to the tank port, no pressure force of the pressure medium acts on both the pin and the positioning valve.
  • this first position of the positioning valve which is referred to as ON position, as previously described, the smaller of the control chambers is connected via the supply line to the pressure medium port of the control valve and the larger control chamber is emptied simultaneously via the discharge line.
  • the control valve is not in its basic position, pressure medium is fed into the pressure line which forces back the pin and at the same time transfers the positioning valve to a second position, the OFF position.
  • the early-control chamber In the OFF position of the positioning valve, the early-control chamber is short-circuited with the other early chambers in the camshaft adjuster and the late-control chamber is also shorted to the other late-chambers.
  • Another advantage is that in the base position, the opposing chambers of the other chamber pairs are shorted. By shorting the chamber pairs, the pressure in each two opposing chambers is compensated, which favors a displacement of the rotor by acting on the wing in the region of the control chamber pair pressure.
  • control valve is a 5/4-way valve and is connected via a first port with the late-chambers of the other chamber pairs, via a second port is connected to the early chambers of the further chamber pairs and via a third port via the pressure line to the locking mechanism, wherein the supply line is a branch of the line to the early chambers.
  • the positioning valve is a 6/2-way valve and communicates via two ports with the two control chambers.
  • Each positioning valve has two inputs and two outputs.
  • the supply and discharge lines open into two of the ports, referred to as inputs.
  • the short circuit between the opposing chambers of the other chamber pairs is made.
  • the early chamber of the control chamber pairing with the other early-control chambers and the late-control chamber is connected to the other late-chambers. The other two inputs of the positioning valve are not used in this case.
  • the positioning valve is formed in two parts and comprises two 4/2-way positioning valves, wherein in the basic position of the control valve, the control chambers are connected via a respective positioning valve with the supply line or with the discharge line.
  • Each of these two positioning valves is also an ON / OFF valve, which is actuated by the pressure medium in the pressure line. In the OFF position, both positioning valves are adapted to short circuit the early and late chambers of the control chamber pairing with the early and late chambers of the further chamber pairs, respectively.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a first embodiment of a camshaft adjuster 2 for an internal combustion engine, not shown here in detail, which is in particular a motor shown.
  • the camshaft adjuster 2 likewise comprises a stator and a rotor, not shown in greater detail, between which a plurality of chambers 6 are formed, which are grouped into chamber pairs 4, 4 '.
  • Each of the chamber pairs comprises an early chamber B, B 'arranged on the right in the figures and a late chamber A, A' arranged on the left.
  • the chambers 6 of each chamber pair 4,4 ' are separated by an adjustable wing 8 of the rotor.
  • the webs 10 form an early end stop F and on the side of the late chambers A, A' form a late end stop S.
  • the camshaft adjuster 2 is a hydraulic camshaft adjuster, in which the adjustment of the rotor relative to the stator by means of a pressure medium, in particular an oil occurs.
  • a pressure medium the oil of a lubricant circuit 12 of the engine is used.
  • the control valve 18 is in the embodiment shown, a 5/4-way valve, ie the valve has five ports and can assume four positions 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d.
  • a return spring 20 By a return spring 20, the control valve 18 is held in the de-energized state in a base position 19 a when the engine is turned off.
  • the control valve 18 is also coupled to an electromagnet 22 which is adapted to transfer against the force of the return spring 20 of the control valve 18 in the three other positions 19b, 19c and 19d.
  • the control valve 18 has two input ports, namely a pressure medium port P for supplying the pressure medium and a tank port T for discharging the pressure medium from a provided for the adjustment of the camshaft adjuster 2 pressure medium circuit.
  • the control valve 18 also has three output ports, namely a first output 24, from which a line 26 leads to the late chambers A 'of the chamber pairs 4', a second output 28, which via a line 29 with the Vietnamese- Chambers B 'of the chamber pairs 4' is connected, and a third output 30, from which via a pressure line 32, the oil is passed to a locking mechanism of the camshaft adjuster 2 shown schematically by the block 34.
  • the locking mechanism 34 includes a pin, not shown here in detail, which engages axially for locking the rotor relative to the stator in a slot, which is formed in a voltage applied to the stator and the rotor sealing cover.
  • the blades 8 of the rotor When switching off the engine, the blades 8 of the rotor are usually in a central position, which is indicated by the dashed line 36. In the middle position 36 of the camshaft adjuster 2 is locked. If the angular position at engine standstill, eg by stalling the engine, between the center position 36 and the late-end stop S, the camshaft adjuster 2 does not lock in the middle position 36 due to the effect of the camshaft torque in the direction of late at engine start, but displaces into the late end stop S.
  • a positive control which comprises a positioning valve 38, which is connected to only one chamber pair, which is referred to as the control chamber pair 4. All other chamber pairs 4 'are further referred to in the text "further chamber pairs".
  • the oil exchange of the control chamber pair 4 with the pressure medium circuit.
  • grooves 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d are formed in the sealing cover, in which holes 42, 44 open in the rotor. About the holes 42, 44, the grooves 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d and the positioning valve 38, the oil reaches the parked motor, the control chambers A, B or flows out of these.
  • the positioning valve 38 is in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a 6/2-way valve and has an ON and an OFF state.
  • a spring 46 By a spring 46, the positioning valve 38 is held in the ON state when no external forces act on the positioning valve 38.
  • Via a line 48 the positioning valve 38 is connected to the pressure line 32, so that when oil is fed into the pressure line 32 oil this oil pushes the positioning valve 38 against the spring force of the spring 46 in the OFF state.
  • Fig. 1 the case is shown in which the wings 8 when switching off the engine are between the late end stop S and the center position 36 so that they must be moved to lock the camshaft adjuster 2 to the right to the center position 36, as indicated by the arrows 50 is.
  • the chambers 6 of the further chamber pairs 4 ' are in this case short-circuited via two inputs 52, 54 of the positioning means 38, so that the pressure in all these chambers 6 compensates.
  • the early-chambers B 'supplied with oil oil is tapped and fed via the bore 42 in the groove 40 a.
  • the groove 40a is connected to the positioning valve 38 via a supply line 56.
  • the oil In the ON position of the positioning valve 38, the oil finally flows into the late control chamber A, whereby its volume increases and the wing 8 is transferred further to the right in the direction of the arrow 50.
  • the early control chamber B is connected via a discharge line 58 to the groove 40c, from which via the bore 44, the oil is discharged to a tank of the lubricant circuit, which is indicated by the symbol T.
  • the holes 42 and 44 also move further to the right in the rotor.
  • the holes 42, 44 each overlap two grooves 40a, 40b and 40c, 40d, whereby the camshaft adjuster is braked and the pin of the locking mechanism 34 has more time for axial locking.
  • Fig. 2 The principle of the adjustment of the rotor in the direction of late to the center position 36 is in Fig. 2 illustrated.
  • the main difference compared to Fig. 1 is that by the position of the wings 8 closer to the early end stop F, the two holes 42, 44, the grooves 40b and 40d overlap.
  • the groove 40b is connected to the discharge of the oil to the tank of the lubrication circuit, while in the groove 40d is fed via a line 60 with oil.
  • the smaller control chamber B when the engine is shut down is connected to the groove 40d via a supply pipe 62, and oil is introduced into the control chamber B.
  • a second embodiment of a camshaft adjuster 2 is shown, which is substantially of the first variant according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 characterized in that the positioning valve 38 is in two parts.
  • the positioning valves 38a, 38b each have four ports and are in two positions, an ON and an OFF position, convertible.
  • the positioning valves 38a, 38b each have two inputs 66a, 68a and 68b, 68b and two outputs 70a, 72a and 70b, 72b.
  • the positioning valves 38a, 38b are also pressure-controlled valves which are connected via a respective line 48a, 48b to the pressure line 32.
  • the wing 8 which separates the two control chambers 6a and 6b from each other, pressed in the direction of the middle position 36.
  • the late control chamber A is connected via the supply line 56 with the groove 40a.
  • oil is fed into the groove 40 a, which is then supplied via the supply line 56 of the late-control chamber 6 a.
  • the oil contained in the early control chamber B flows via the discharge line 58, via the groove 40c and via the bore 44 out of the camshaft adjuster 2.
  • these chambers A ', B' via the ports 66a, 70a and 66b, 70b of the two positioning valves 38a, 38b are shorted together.
  • the positioning valves 38a, 38b When the positioning valves 38a, 38b are pressurized by the oil in the pressure line 32, they shift to the left in FIG Fig. 3 in its OFF position, in which the control chamber A via the positioning valve 38 a with the further late-chambers A 'and the early control chamber B via the positioning valve 38b with the other early chambers B' communicates fluidically.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Nockenwellenversteller für Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a camshaft adjuster for internal combustion engine.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

In Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere in benzinbetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugmotoren, werden zur Betätigung der so genannten Gaswechselventile Nockenwellen eingesetzt. Die Nocken der Nockenwellen liegen für gewöhnlich an Nockenfolgern an, beispielsweise Tassenstößeln, Schlepphebeln oder Schwinghebeln. Wird eine Nockenwelle in Drehung überführt, so wälzen die Nocken auf den Nockenfolgen ab, die wiederum die Gaswechselventile betätigen. Durch die Lage und die Form der Nocken sind somit sowohl die Öffnungsdauer als auch die Öffnungsamplitude, aber auch die Öffnungs- und Schließzeitpunkte der Gaswechselventile festgelegt.In internal combustion engines, in particular in petrol-powered motor vehicle engines, camshafts are used to actuate the so-called gas exchange valves. The cams of the camshafts are usually on cam followers, such as bucket tappets, finger levers or rocker arms. If a camshaft is rotated, the cams roll on the cam sequences, which in turn actuate the gas exchange valves. Due to the position and the shape of the cams thus both the opening duration and the opening amplitude, but also the opening and closing times of the gas exchange valves are fixed.

Die Winkelverschiebung der Nockenwelle in Bezug auf eine Kurbelwelle zur Erzielung optimierter Steuerzeiten für verschiedene Drehzahl- und Lastzustände wird als Nockenwellenverstellung bezeichnet. Eine konstruktive Variante eines Nockenwellenverstellers arbeitet beispielsweise nach dem so genannten Schwenkmotorprinzip. Hierbei sind ein Stator und ein Rotor vorgesehen, die koaxial zueinander liegen und relativ zueinander beweglich sind. Der Stator und der Rotor bilden zusammen Hydraulikkammern, weiterhin einfach als Kammern bezeichnet. Ein Kammerpaar ist hierbei jeweils von Stegen des Stators begrenzt und durch einen jeweiligen Flügel des Rotors in zwei zueinander gegenläufige Kammern unterteilt, deren Volumina durch eine Relativ-Drehbewegung des Rotors zum Stator gegenläufig verändert werden. In der maximalen Verstellposition liegt der jeweilige Flügel an einem der randseitigen Stege des Stators an.The angular displacement of the camshaft with respect to a crankshaft to achieve optimized timing for different speed and load conditions is referred to as camshaft timing. A constructive variant of a camshaft adjuster operates, for example, according to the so-called swivel motor principle. Here, a stator and a rotor are provided which are coaxial with each other and are movable relative to each other. The stator and the rotor together form hydraulic chambers, further referred to simply as chambers. A pair of chambers is in each case bounded by webs of the stator and divided by a respective wing of the rotor into two mutually opposite chambers whose volumes by a relative rotational movement of the rotor to the stator are changed in opposite directions. In the maximum adjustment position of the respective wing is located on one of the edge-side webs of the stator.

Die Relativ-Drehbewegung des Rotors erfolgt durch eine Verstellung des Flügels, indem ein Hydraulikmedium, wie z.B. Öl, über Radialkanäle in die Kammern eingeleitet wird und den Flügel wegdrückt. Mit der Verstellung des Rotors wird die an dem Rotor befestigte Nockenwelle beispielsweise Richtung Früh, d.h. einem früheren Öffnungszeitpunkt der Gaswechselventile, verstellt. Mit Verstellung des Rotors in entgegengesetzter Richtung wird die Nockenwelle gegenüber der Kurbelwelle Richtung Spät, d.h. einem späteren Öffnungszeitpunkt der Gaswechselventile, verstellt.The relative rotational movement of the rotor is accomplished by an adjustment of the wing by applying a hydraulic medium, such as e.g. Oil is introduced through radial channels in the chambers and pushes the wing away. With the adjustment of the rotor, the camshaft attached to the rotor becomes, for example, early, i. an earlier opening time of the gas exchange valves, adjusted. With adjustment of the rotor in the opposite direction, the camshaft is opposite the crankshaft in the direction of late, i. a later opening time of the gas exchange valves, adjusted.

Eine Steuerung des Nockenwellenverstellers erfolgt durch eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung, welche auf Basis von elektronisch erfassten Kenndaten der Brennkraftmaschine, wie beispielsweise Drehzahl und Last, den Zu- und Abfluss von Druckmittel zu bzw. von den einzelnen Kammern über ein zum Beispiel als Proportionalventil ausgebildetes Steuerventil regelt.A control of the camshaft adjuster is effected by an electronic control device, which regulates the inflow and outflow of pressure medium to or from the individual chambers via a control valve designed, for example, as a proportional valve on the basis of electronically recorded characteristics of the internal combustion engine, such as speed and load.

Bei ungenügender Druckmittelversorgung, wie dies etwa während der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine oder im Leerlauf der Fall ist, führen Wechselmomente, die von der Nockenwelle auf den Rotor übertragen werden, dazu, dass der Rotor in unkontrollierter Weise bewegt wird, was zur Folge hat, dass die Flügel innerhalb der Arbeitsräume hin und her schlagen, was den Verschleiß fördert und eine unerwünschte Geräuschentwicklung verursacht. Zudem schwankt die Phasenlage zwischen Kurbel- und Nockenwelle stark, so dass die Brennkraftmaschine nicht startet oder unruhig läuft. Um dieses Problem zu vermeiden, werden hydraulische Nockenwellenversteller mit einem Verriegelungsmechanismus zur drehfesten Verriegelung von Stator und Rotor ausgerüstet. Ein solcher Verriegelungsmechanismus umfasst beispielsweise einen im Rotor aufgenommenen axialen Stift, der durch eine Feder in axialer Richtung aus seiner Aufnahme gedrängt wird und formschlüssig in eine Verriegelungskulisse greifen kann, die insbesondere in einem Dichtdeckel für den Stator und den Rotor geformt ist. Für eine Entriegelung wird der Stift stirnseitig mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt und in seine Aufnahme im Rotor zurückgedrängt.With insufficient pressure medium supply, as is the case during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine or when idling, alternating torques which are transmitted from the camshaft to the rotor, cause the rotor is moved in an uncontrolled manner, with the result that the Wings swing back and forth within the work spaces, promoting wear and causing unwanted noise. In addition, the phase angle between crankshaft and camshaft fluctuates greatly, so that the internal combustion engine does not start or runs restless. To avoid this problem, hydraulic camshaft adjusters are equipped with a locking mechanism for non-rotatable locking of stator and rotor. Such a locking mechanism includes, for example, an axial pin received in the rotor, which is urged by a spring in the axial direction of its recording and can positively engage in a locking link, in particular in a sealing cover for the Stator and the rotor is shaped. For unlocking the pin is subjected to the end face with pressure medium and pushed back into its receptacle in the rotor.

Eine Verriegelung von Stator und Rotor erfolgt in einer als Basisstellung bezeichneten, für einen Start der Brennkraftmaschine thermodynamisch günstigen Phasenlage der Nockenwelle. Abhängig von der konkreten Auslegung der Brennkraftmaschine wird als Basisstellung eine Früh-, Spät- oder Zwischenstellung gewählt. Bezogen auf die Antriebsrichtung von Stator bzw. Nockenwelle entspricht die Spätstellung einer Enddrehlage des Rotors in Nachlaufrichtung (in der die Volumina der vorlaufenden Druckkammern maximal), die Frühstellung einer Enddrehlage des Rotors in Vorlaufrichtung (in der die Volumina der nachlaufenden Kammern maximal) und die Zwischenstellung einer Phasenlage, die sich zwischen der Früh- und der Spätstellung befindet. Als Mittenstellung oder Mittenposition wird eine Zwischenstellung bezeichnet, die sich zumindest annähernd in der Mitte zwischen der Früh- und der Spätstellung befindet. Eine Verstellung der Phasenlage des Rotors in einer zur Antriebsrichtung des Stators bzw. Nockenwelle gleichen Drehrichtung wird als Frühverstellung bezeichnet. Eine Verstellung der Phasenlage des Rotors in einer hierzu entgegengesetzten Drehrichtung wird als Spätverstellung bezeichnet.A locking of the stator and rotor takes place in a designated as a base position, for a start of the engine thermodynamically favorable phase angle of the camshaft. Depending on the specific design of the internal combustion engine is selected as a basic position an early, late or intermediate position. Based on the drive direction of the stator or camshaft corresponds to the late position of a final rotational position of the rotor in the wake direction (in the volume of the leading pressure chambers maximum), the early position of Enddrehlage the rotor in the forward direction (in which the volumes of the trailing chambers maximum) and the intermediate position a phase position that is between the early and the late position. As the center position or center position, an intermediate position is referred to, which is at least approximately in the middle between the early and the late position. An adjustment of the phase angle of the rotor in a direction of rotation of the stator or camshaft same direction of rotation is referred to as an advance. An adjustment of the phase position of the rotor in a direction of rotation opposite thereto is referred to as a retardation.

Wird beim Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine die Basisstellung nicht erreicht (zum Beispiel beim Abwürgen des Motors), verstellt sich der Rotor aufgrund von Reibmomenten selbsttätig in die Spätstellung. Soll der Rotor in Früh- oder einer Zwischenstellung verriegelt werden, sind deshalb spezielle Vorkehrungen zu treffen, durch die der Rotor relativ zum Stator verstellt wird. In herkömmlichen Nockenwellenverstellern sind zu diesem Zweck beispielsweise Drehfedern vorgesehen, welche den Rotor in Richtung der gewünschten Basisstellung vorspannen. Bei einem Konzept zur Verriegelung von Stator und Rotor werden diese bereits während des Motorabstellens verriegelt. Dadurch wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass der Motor beim darauf folgenden Motorstart direkt in der Mittenposition gestartet wird. Dies ist jedoch mit einer großen Regel- und Überwachungsaufwand verbunden, da entsprechend der aktuellen Winkelposition beim Abstellen des Motors das Steuerventil strategisch bestromt werden und die Winkelposition immer wieder überwacht werden soll.If the basic position is not reached when the internal combustion engine is switched off (for example, when the engine is stalled), the rotor automatically adjusts itself to the retarded position due to friction moments. If the rotor is to be locked in an early or an intermediate position, special precautions must therefore be taken by which the rotor is adjusted relative to the stator. In conventional camshaft adjusters, rotary springs are provided for this purpose, for example, which bias the rotor in the direction of the desired basic position. In a concept for locking the stator and rotor they are already locked during engine shutdown. This provides the advantage that the engine is started directly in the center position during the subsequent engine start. However, this is associated with a large control and monitoring effort because according to the current angular position When the engine is switched off, the control valve is energized strategically and the angular position is to be monitored again and again.

In der US 2009 145 385 A1 ist ein Nockenwellenversteller mit einer radialen Verriegelung beschrieben.In the US 2009 145 385 A1 is a camshaft adjuster described with a radial lock.

In der DE 10 2008 011 916 ist z.B. ein Nockenwellenversteller mit einer axialen Mehrfachrasterverriegelung beschrieben. Ein Nachteil dieses Nockenwellenverstellers ist jedoch, dass dieser nur funktioniert, wenn in der Früh-Kammer kein Öldruck vorhanden ist.In the DE 10 2008 011 916 For example, a camshaft adjuster with an axial multiple-grid locking is described. A disadvantage of this camshaft adjuster, however, is that it only works if there is no oil pressure in the early-chamber.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufwand beim Verriegeln eines Nockenwellenverstellers in der Mittenposition unabhängig von der Winkelposition des Rotors zum Stator beim Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine zu reduzieren.The invention has for its object to reduce the effort in locking a camshaft adjuster in the center position regardless of the angular position of the rotor to the stator when switching off the internal combustion engine.

Lösung der AufgabeSolution of the task

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch einen Nockenwellenversteller für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere für einen Motor, welcher umfasst:

  • einen von einer Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine antreibbaren, radial außen liegenden Stator,
  • einen drehfest mit einer Nockenwelle verbindbaren, radial innen liegenden Rotor,
  • zwischen dem Rotor und dem Stator angeordnete Kammerpaare umfassend je zwei gegenläufige Kammern, nämlich eine Früh-Kammer und eine Spät-Kammer, welche derart mit einem Druckmittel beaufschlagbar sind, dass die relative Drehlage des Rotors zu dem Stator veränderbar ist,
  • ein Steuerventil, das Teil des Druckmittelkreislaufes ist und zum Regeln des Zu- und Abflusses vom Druckmittel zu den Kammern vorgesehen ist, wobei das Steuerventil einen Druckmittel-Port zum Zuführen des Druckmittels und einen Tank-Port zum Abführen des Druckmittels aufweist, und
  • mindestens ein druckgesteuertes Positionierungsventil, welches mit einem Steuerkammerpaar umfassend zwei Steuerkammern verbunden ist und welches derart ausgebildet ist, dass bei einer unbestromten Basisstellung des Steuerventils zum Einstellen einer Mittenposition die kleinere Steuerkammer mit einer Zufuhrleitung und die größere Steuerkammer mit einer Abfuhrleitung verbunden ist.
The object is achieved by a camshaft adjuster for an internal combustion engine, in particular for a motor, which comprises:
  • a radially outer stator drivable by a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine,
  • a rotatably connected to a camshaft, radially inner rotor,
  • Chamber pairs arranged between the rotor and the stator, each comprising two opposing chambers, namely an early chamber and a late chamber, which can be acted upon by a pressure medium such that the relative rotational position of the rotor is variable to the stator,
  • a control valve, which is part of the pressure medium circuit and is provided for regulating the inflow and outflow from the pressure medium to the chambers, wherein the control valve has a pressure medium port for supplying the pressure medium and a tank port for discharging the pressure medium, and
  • at least one pressure-controlled positioning valve, which is connected to a control chamber pair comprising two control chambers and which is formed such that in a de-energized base position of the control valve for setting a center position, the smaller control chamber is connected to a supply line and the larger control chamber is connected to a discharge line.

Mit Steuerkammern bzw. Steuerkammerpaar werden hierbei die beiden gegenläufigen Kammern bezeichnet, deren Druckmittelkreislauf in der Basisstellung des Steuerventils, d.h. bei abgeschaltetem Motor, vom Positionierungsventil angesteuert wird. Alle anderen Kammerpaare werden nachfolgend "weiter Kammerpaare" genannt.With control chambers or control chamber pair in this case the two opposing chambers are referred to, the pressure medium circuit in the base position of the control valve, i. when the engine is switched off, actuated by the positioning valve. All other chamber pairs are hereinafter referred to as "further chamber pairs".

Das Positionierungsventil ist mit dem Steuerventil verbunden und stellt somit eine Verzweigung des Druckmittelkreislaufes des Nockenwellenverstellers dar. Dabei wird das Positionierungsventil insbesondere erst dann eingeschaltet, wenn das Steuerventil seine Basisstellung eingenommen hat.The positioning valve is connected to the control valve and thus represents a branch of the pressure medium circuit of the camshaft adjuster. In this case, the positioning valve is in particular only switched on when the control valve has assumed its basic position.

Mit Tank-Port wird derjenige Port des Steuerventils bezeichnet, über den der Rücklauf des Druckmittels aus dem Nockenwellenversteller zu einem Tank des Schmierölkreislaufs des Motors erfolgt. Die Bezeichnung "Tank" steht somit für ein Abführen des Druckmittels außerhalb des Nockenwellenverstellers.Tank port designates that port of the control valve via which the return of the pressure medium from the camshaft adjuster to a tank of the lubricating oil circuit of the engine takes place. The term "tank" thus stands for a discharge of the pressure medium outside the camshaft adjuster.

Die Erfindung basiert auf der Idee in der Basisstellung des Motors bzw. des Steuerventils, in der das Steuerventil nicht bestromt ist, den Nockenwellenversteller über eine geeignete Druckmittelverteilung in nur mit dem Steuerkammerpaar in die Mittenposition zu überführen, die für einen erneuten Start der Brennkraftmaschine besonders vorteilhaft ist. Hierzu werden die Steuerkammern des Steuerkammerpaars über das im Nockenwellenversteller angeordnete, druckgesteuerte Positionierungsventil getrennt von den weiteren Kammerpaaren mit dem Druckmittelkreislauf im Nockenwellenversteller verbunden. Wenn die Flügel des Rotors beim Abstellen des Motors sich nicht in der Mittenposition befinden, sind die Kammern jedes Kammerpaars unterschiedlich groß. Wenn beispielsweise die Flügel zwischen einem Früh-Endanschlag und der Mittenposition stehenbleiben, sind die Früh-Kammern kleiner als die Spät-Kammern. Umgekehrt, wenn die Flügel näher an dem jeweiligen Spät-Endanschlag sind, sind die Spät-Kammern kleiner. Das Positionierungsventil ist daher derart eingestellt, dass in der Basisstellung des Steuerventils die Steuerkammer, die beim Abschalten des Motors kleiner ist als die gegenläufige Steuerkammer, mit einer Zufuhrleitung des Druckmittelkreislaufs verbunden wird und somit mit Druckmittel befüllt wird. Die andere Steuerkammer, die beim Abschalten des Motors das größere Volumen aufweist, wird mit der Abfuhrleitung verbunden, so dass ein Entleervorgang dieser Steuerkammer beginnt. Beim Befüllen der kleineren Steuerkammer und Entleeren der größeren Steuerkammer wird der Flügel zwischen den beiden Steuerkammern weggedrückt und erreicht nach kurzer Zeit die Mittenposition, in der der Verriegelungsmechanismus aktiviert wird, insbesondere indem ein Stift des Verriegelungsmechanismus axial in eine Kulisse eingreift und den Rotor gegenüber dem Stator formschlüssig fixiert.The invention is based on the idea in the basic position of the engine or the control valve, in which the control valve is not energized to transfer the camshaft adjuster via a suitable distribution of pressure medium in only with the control chamber pair in the center position, which is particularly advantageous for a restart of the internal combustion engine is. For this purpose, the control chambers of the control chamber pair are connected via the arranged in the camshaft adjuster, pressure-controlled positioning valve separated from the other chamber pairs with the pressure medium circuit in the camshaft adjuster. If the blades of the rotor are not in the center position when the engine is stopped, the chambers of each chamber pair are of different sizes. For example, if the wings stop between an early end stop and the center position, the early chambers are smaller than the late chambers. Conversely, if the wings are closer to the respective late-end stop, the late-chambers are smaller. The positioning valve is therefore set such that in the basic position of the control valve, the control chamber, which is smaller than the counter-rotating control chamber when switching off the engine, is connected to a supply line of the pressure medium circuit and thus filled with pressure medium. The other control chamber, which has the larger volume when switching off the engine is connected to the discharge line, so that an emptying operation of this control chamber begins. When filling the smaller control chamber and emptying the larger control chamber, the wing is pushed away between the two control chambers and reaches after a short time the center position in which the locking mechanism is activated, in particular by a pin of the locking mechanism engages axially into a gate and the rotor relative to the stator fixed in a form-fitting manner.

Durch die oben beschriebenen Vorgänge wird ein Verriegeln des Nockenwellenverstellers ermöglicht, ohne dass die aktuelle Winkelposition des Rotors gegenüber dem Stator ermittelt werden muss. Stattdessen ist eine so genannte "Zwangssteuerung" vorgesehen, die im Nockenwellenversteller integriert ist und nach dem Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine automatisch aktiviert wird. Der zwischen den beiden Steuerkammern angeordnete Flügel des Rotors wird aufgrund der Druckkraft des Druckmittels in der sich vergrößernden Steuerkammer in Richtung der Mittenposition verschoben, wodurch eine Rotation des Rotors gegenüber dem drehfesten Stator ausgelöst wird. Diese Rotation wird in der Mittenposition unterbrochen, da dort die Verriegelung automatisch erfolgt.By the above-described operations locking of the camshaft adjuster is made possible without the current angular position of the rotor relative to the stator must be determined. Instead, a so-called "positive control" is provided, which is integrated in the camshaft adjuster and is automatically activated after switching off the internal combustion engine. The arranged between the two control chambers wing of the rotor is displaced due to the pressure force of the pressure medium in the enlarging control chamber in the direction of the center position, whereby a rotation of the rotor relative to the rotationally fixed stator is triggered. This rotation is interrupted in the middle position, because there the locking takes place automatically.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung umfasst der Nockenwellenversteller wenigstens einen die Kammern seitlich begrenzenden, an dem Stator und dem Rotor anliegenden Dichtdeckel, wobei das Positionierungsventil mit im Dichtdeckel ausgebildeten Nuten strömungstechnisch kommuniziert, die über Bohrungen im Rotor mit dem Druckmittelkreislauf verbindbar sind. Sowohl die Zufuhrleitung als auch die Abfuhrleitung münden in die Nuten im Dichtdeckel. In den Nuten münden zudem auch die Bohrungen im Rotor. Über diese Bohrungen, die an den Druckmittelkreislauf angeschlossen sind, wird das Druckmittel den Nuten zu- bzw. abgeführt. Bei der Rotation des Rotors überlappen die Bohrungen auf ihrer Laufbahn verschiedene, in Umlaufsrichtung hintereinander ausgebildete Nuten. Welchen Nuten und entsprechend welcher der Steuerkammern Druckmittel zu- bzw. abgeführt wird, hängt somit von der Position des Rotors ab. Dank der Nuten wird der Vorgang zur Verriegelung des Nockenwellenverstellers Verschleiß reduzierend dadurch unterstützt, dass in der Mittenposition durch Überlappung der Nuten, was zu einer Senkung des Kammerdrucks führt, der Rotor zusätzlich abgebremst wird, so dass der Stift ausreichend Zeit zum Eintauchen in die Kulisse hat. Insbesondere ist hierbei lediglich ein einziger Stift vorgesehen, da die Gefahr, dass der Stift die Verriegelungsposition überfährt und in die Kulisse nicht rechtzeitig eingreifen kann, minimiert ist. Dadurch entsteht zudem weniger Verschleiß am Stift sowie an der Kulisse.According to a preferred embodiment, the camshaft adjuster comprises at least one laterally delimiting the chambers, applied to the stator and the rotor sealing cover, wherein the positioning valve fluidly communicates with grooves formed in the sealing cover, which are connectable via bores in the rotor with the pressure medium circuit. Both the supply line and the discharge line open into the grooves in the sealing lid. In the grooves also open the holes in the rotor. About these holes, which are connected to the pressure medium circuit, the pressure medium is supplied to the grooves or discharged. During the rotation of the rotor, the holes overlap on their career different, in the direction of rotation successively formed grooves. Which grooves and according to which of the control chambers pressure medium is supplied or removed, thus depends on the position of the rotor. Thanks to the grooves, the procedure for locking the camshaft adjuster wear-reducing supported by the fact that in the middle position by overlapping the grooves, which leads to a reduction in the chamber pressure, the rotor is additionally braked, so that the pin has sufficient time to dive into the scenery , In particular, in this case only a single pin is provided, since the risk that the pin passes over the locking position and can not intervene in the scenery in a timely manner is minimized. This also causes less wear on the pin and on the scenery.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist in der Basisstellung des Steuerventils die kleinere der beiden Steuerkammern über das Positionierungsventil und über eine erste Nut im Dichtdeckel verbunden, die mit dem Druckmittel-Port des Steuerventils verbunden ist, und die größere Steuerkammer ist über das Positionierungsventil mit einer zweiten Nut im Dichtdeckel verbunden, die für einen Rücklauf des Druckmittels in einen Tank des Druckmittelkreislaufs ausgebildet ist. Über den Druckmittel-Port des Steuerventils wird Druckmittel in die erste Nut und anschließend in die kleinere Steuerkammer eingeleitet. Gleichzeitig strömt das in der größeren Steuerkammer befindliche Druckmittel über die Abfuhrleitung zur zweiten Nut. Da die zweite Nut mit dem Tank verbunden ist, strömt das Öl dabei aus dem Nockenwellenversteller hinaus.According to a further preferred embodiment, in the basic position of the control valve, the smaller of the two control chambers via the positioning valve and a first groove in the sealing lid connected to the pressure medium port of the control valve, and the larger control chamber is via the positioning valve with a second Groove in the sealing lid connected, which is designed for a return of the pressure medium in a tank of the pressure medium circuit. Pressure medium is introduced into the first groove and then into the smaller control chamber via the pressure medium port of the control valve. At the same time, the pressure medium located in the larger control chamber flows via the discharge line to the second groove. Since the second groove is connected to the tank, the oil flows out of the camshaft adjuster.

Der Nockenwellenversteller umfasst den Verriegelungsmechanismus, durch welchen in der Mittenposition der Rotor und der Stator drehfest miteinander verbunden sind, wobei das Steuerventil bevorzugt über eine Druckleitung mit dem Verriegelungsmechanismus verbunden ist. Die Druckbeaufschlagung des Stifts ist somit mit der Stellung des Steuerventils gekoppelt. Damit der Stift beim Überfahren der Mittenposition ungehindert in die Kulisse im Dichtdeckel eingreifen kann, ist vorzugsweise die Druckleitung in der Basisstellung des Steuerventils mit dem Tank-Port des Steuerventils verbunden, so dass der Stift nicht mehr mit dem Druckmittel beaufschlagt wird. In allen weiteren Stellungen des Steuerventils ist die Druckleitung zum Verriegelungsmechanismus stets mit dem Druckmittel-Port am Steuerventil verbunden, wodurch der Stift axial zurückgedrückt wird und keine formschlüssige Verbindung zur Kulisse herstellen kann.The camshaft adjuster comprises the locking mechanism, by which in the center position, the rotor and the stator are rotatably connected to each other, wherein the control valve is preferably connected via a pressure line with the locking mechanism. The pressurization of the pin is thus coupled to the position of the control valve. So that the pin when passing the center position unhindered into the backdrop in the sealing lid can engage, preferably the pressure line in the base position of the control valve is connected to the tank port of the control valve, so that the pin is no longer acted upon by the pressure medium. In all other positions of the control valve, the pressure line to the locking mechanism is always connected to the pressure medium port on the control valve, whereby the pin is pushed axially back and can not produce a positive connection to the backdrop.

Nach einer bevorzugten Variante ist das Positionierungsventil an die Druckleitung angeschlossen und weist zwei Stellungen auf, die in Abhängigkeit davon, ob die Druckleitung mit dem Druckmittel-Port oder mit dem Tank-Port verbunden ist, einstellbar sind. Wenn die Druckleitung mit dem Tank-Port verbunden ist, wirkt sowohl auf den Stift als auch auf das Positionierungsventil keine Druckkraft des Druckmittels. In dieser ersten Stellung des Positionierungsventils, die als ON-Stellung bezeichnet ist, wird, wie bereits beschrieben, die kleinere der Steuerkammern über die Zufuhrleitung mit dem Druckmittel-Port des Steuerventils verbunden und die größere Steuerkammer wird gleichzeitig über die Abfuhrleitung entleert. Wenn das Steuerventil sich jedoch nicht in seiner Basisstellung befindet, wird in die Druckleitung Druckmittel eingespeist, welches den Stift zurückdrängt und gleichzeitig das Positionierungsventil in eine zweite Stellung, die OFF-Stellung, überführt. In der OFF-Stellung des Positionierungsventils ist die Früh-Steuerkammer mit den weiteren Frühkammern im Nockenwellenversteller kurzgeschlossen und die Spät-Steuerkammer ist ebenfalls mit den weiteren Spät-Kammern kurzgeschlossen.According to a preferred variant, the positioning valve is connected to the pressure line and has two positions which are adjustable in dependence on whether the pressure line is connected to the pressure medium port or to the tank port. When the pressure line is connected to the tank port, no pressure force of the pressure medium acts on both the pin and the positioning valve. In this first position of the positioning valve, which is referred to as ON position, as previously described, the smaller of the control chambers is connected via the supply line to the pressure medium port of the control valve and the larger control chamber is emptied simultaneously via the discharge line. However, when the control valve is not in its basic position, pressure medium is fed into the pressure line which forces back the pin and at the same time transfers the positioning valve to a second position, the OFF position. In the OFF position of the positioning valve, the early-control chamber is short-circuited with the other early chambers in the camshaft adjuster and the late-control chamber is also shorted to the other late-chambers.

Weiterhin von Vorteil ist, dass in der Basisstellung die gegenläufigen Kammern der weiteren Kammerpaare kurzgeschlossen sind. Durch das Kurzschließen der Kammerpaare wird der Druck in je zwei gegenläufigen Kammern ausgeglichen, was ein Verschieben des Rotors durch den auf den Flügel im Bereich des Steuerkammerpaars wirkenden Druck begünstigt.Another advantage is that in the base position, the opposing chambers of the other chamber pairs are shorted. By shorting the chamber pairs, the pressure in each two opposing chambers is compensated, which favors a displacement of the rotor by acting on the wing in the region of the control chamber pair pressure.

Vorzugsweise ist das Steuerventil ein 5/4-Wegeventil ist und ist über einen ersten Port mit den Spät-Kammern der weiteren Kammerpaare, über einen zweiten Port mit den Früh-Kammern der weiteren Kammerpaare und über einen dritten Port über die Druckleitung mit dem Verriegelungsmechanismus verbunden ist, wobei die Zufuhrleitung eine Abzweigung der Leitung zu den Früh-Kammern ist.Preferably, the control valve is a 5/4-way valve and is connected via a first port with the late-chambers of the other chamber pairs, via a second port is connected to the early chambers of the further chamber pairs and via a third port via the pressure line to the locking mechanism, wherein the supply line is a branch of the line to the early chambers.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante ist das Positionierungsventil ein 6/2-Wege-Ventil und kommuniziert über zwei Ports mit den beiden Steuerkammern. Jedes Positionierungsventil weist dabei zwei Eingänge und zwei Ausgänge auf. Wenn der Motor abgeschaltet ist und das Positionierungsventil sich in der ON-Stellung befindet, münden die Zufuhrleitung und die Abfuhrleitung in zwei der Ports, die als Eingänge bezeichnet werden. Durch zwei andere Eingänge des Positionierungsventils wird dabei der Kurzschluss zwischen den gegenläufigen Kammern der weiteren Kammerpaare hergestellt. In der zweiten Stellung des Positionierungsventils ist die Früh-Kammer der Steuerkammer-Paarung mit den anderen Früh-Steuerkammern bzw. die Spät-Steuerkammer mit den anderen Spät-Kammern verbunden. Die anderen beiden Eingänge des Positionierungsventils werden in diesem Fall nicht genutzt.According to a preferred embodiment, the positioning valve is a 6/2-way valve and communicates via two ports with the two control chambers. Each positioning valve has two inputs and two outputs. When the engine is off and the positioning valve is in the ON position, the supply and discharge lines open into two of the ports, referred to as inputs. By two other inputs of the positioning valve while the short circuit between the opposing chambers of the other chamber pairs is made. In the second position of the positioning valve, the early chamber of the control chamber pairing with the other early-control chambers and the late-control chamber is connected to the other late-chambers. The other two inputs of the positioning valve are not used in this case.

Gemäß einer alternativen, bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante ist das Positionierungsventil zweiteilig ausgebildet ist und zwei 4/2-Wege-Positionierungsventile umfasst, wobei in der Basisstellung des Steuerventils die Steuerkammern über jeweils ein Positionierungsventil mit der Zufuhrleitung bzw. mit der Abfuhrleitung verbunden sind. Jedes dieser beiden Positionierungsventile ist ebenfalls ein ON/OFF-Ventil, welches durch das Druckmittel in der Druckleitung betätigt wird. In der OFF-Stellung sind beide Positionierungsventile dafür eingerichtet, die Früh- und die Spät-Kammer der Steuerkammer-Paarung mit den Früh- bzw. Spät-Kammern der weiteren Kammerpaare kurzzuschließen.According to an alternative, preferred embodiment, the positioning valve is formed in two parts and comprises two 4/2-way positioning valves, wherein in the basic position of the control valve, the control chambers are connected via a respective positioning valve with the supply line or with the discharge line. Each of these two positioning valves is also an ON / OFF valve, which is actuated by the pressure medium in the pressure line. In the OFF position, both positioning valves are adapted to short circuit the early and late chambers of the control chamber pairing with the early and late chambers of the further chamber pairs, respectively.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungShort description of the drawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Hierin zeigen schematisch und stark vereinfacht:

Fig. 1
eine Verstellung eines Nockenwellenverstellers gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante von "Spät" in Richtung "Früh" bis zu einer Mittenposition,
Fig. 2
die Verstellung des Nockenwellenverstellers gemäß Fig. 1 von "Früh" in Richtung "Spät" bis zur Mittenposition, und
Fig. 3
die Verstellung eines Nockenwellenverstellers gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante von "Spät" in Richtung "Früh" bis zur Mittenposition.
Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Herein schematically and greatly simplified show:
Fig. 1
an adjustment of a camshaft adjuster according to a first embodiment variant of "late" in the direction of "early" to a center position,
Fig. 2
the adjustment of the camshaft adjuster according to Fig. 1 from "early" towards "late" to the middle position, and
Fig. 3
the adjustment of a camshaft adjuster according to a second embodiment of "late" in the direction of "early" to the center position.

Gleiche Bezugszeichen haben in den verschiedenen Figuren die gleiche Bedeutung.Like reference numerals have the same meaning in the various figures.

Ausführliche Beschreibung der ZeichnungDetailed description of the drawing

In Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ist eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines Nockenwellenverstellers 2 für eine hier nicht näher gezeigte Brennkraftmaschine, die insbesondere ein Motor ist, dargestellt. Der Nockenwellenversteller 2 umfasst ebenfalls nicht näher gezeigte Stator und Rotor, zwischen denen mehrere Kammern 6 ausgebildet sind, die in Kammerpaare 4,4' gruppiert sind. Jedes der Kammerpaare umfasst eine in den Figuren rechts angeordnete Früh-Kammer B, B' sowie eine links angeordnete Spät-Kammer A, A'. Die Kammern 6 jedes Kammerpaars 4,4' sind durch einen verstellbaren Flügel 8 des Rotors voneinander getrennt. In Umfangsrichtung sind die Kammerpaare 4, 4' durch Stege 10 des Stators begrenzt. An der Seite der Früh-Kammer B, B' bilden die Stege 10 einen Früh-Endanschlag F und an der Seite der Spät-Kammern A, A' einen Spät-Endanschlag S.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a first embodiment of a camshaft adjuster 2 for an internal combustion engine, not shown here in detail, which is in particular a motor shown. The camshaft adjuster 2 likewise comprises a stator and a rotor, not shown in greater detail, between which a plurality of chambers 6 are formed, which are grouped into chamber pairs 4, 4 '. Each of the chamber pairs comprises an early chamber B, B 'arranged on the right in the figures and a late chamber A, A' arranged on the left. The chambers 6 of each chamber pair 4,4 'are separated by an adjustable wing 8 of the rotor. In the circumferential direction, the chamber pairs 4, 4 'bounded by webs 10 of the stator. On the side of the early chamber B, B ', the webs 10 form an early end stop F and on the side of the late chambers A, A' form a late end stop S.

Der Nockenwellenversteller 2 ist ein hydraulischer Nockenwellenversteller, bei dem das Verstellen des Rotors gegenüber dem Stator mit Hilfe eines Druckmittels, insbesondere eines Öls, erfolgt. Als Druckmittel wird das Öl eines Schmiermittelkreislaufs 12 des Motors verwendet. Über eine Schmierölleitung 14, in der ein Rückschlagventil 16 integriert ist, wird das Öl zu einem Steuerventil 18 des Nockenwellenverstellers 2 geleitet. Das Steuerventil 18 ist im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ein 5/4-Wege-Ventil, d.h. das Ventil weist fünf Ports auf und kann vier Stellungen 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d annehmen. Durch eine Rückstellfeder 20 wird das Steuerventil 18 im unbestromten Zustand in einer Basisstellung 19a gehalten, wenn der Motor abgeschaltet ist. Das Steuerventil 18 ist zudem mit einem Elektromagneten 22 gekoppelt, der dafür eingerichtet ist, gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 20 des Steuerventils 18 in die drei weiteren Stellungen 19b, 19c und 19d zu überführen.The camshaft adjuster 2 is a hydraulic camshaft adjuster, in which the adjustment of the rotor relative to the stator by means of a pressure medium, in particular an oil occurs. As pressure medium, the oil of a lubricant circuit 12 of the engine is used. Via a lubricating oil line 14, in which a check valve 16 is integrated, the oil is passed to a control valve 18 of the camshaft adjuster 2. The control valve 18 is in the embodiment shown, a 5/4-way valve, ie the valve has five ports and can assume four positions 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d. By a return spring 20, the control valve 18 is held in the de-energized state in a base position 19 a when the engine is turned off. The control valve 18 is also coupled to an electromagnet 22 which is adapted to transfer against the force of the return spring 20 of the control valve 18 in the three other positions 19b, 19c and 19d.

Das Steuerventil 18 weist zwei Eingangs-Ports auf, nämlich ein Druckmittel-Port P zum Zuführen des Druckmittels und einen Tank-Port T zum Abführen des Druckmittels aus einem für die Verstellung des Nockenwellenverstellers 2 vorgesehenen Druckmittelkreislauf. Das Steuerventil 18 weist außerdem drei Ausgangs-Ports auf, nämlich einen ersten Ausgang 24, von dem aus eine Leitung 26 zu den Spät-Kammern A' der Kammerpaare 4' führt, einen zweiten Ausgang 28, der über eine Leitung 29 mit den Früh-Kammern B' der Kammerpaare 4' verbunden ist, sowie einen dritten Ausgang 30, von dem aus über eine Druckleitung 32 das Öl zu einem schematisch durch den Block 34 dargestellten Verriegelungsmechanismus des Nockenwellenverstellers 2 geleitet wird.The control valve 18 has two input ports, namely a pressure medium port P for supplying the pressure medium and a tank port T for discharging the pressure medium from a provided for the adjustment of the camshaft adjuster 2 pressure medium circuit. The control valve 18 also has three output ports, namely a first output 24, from which a line 26 leads to the late chambers A 'of the chamber pairs 4', a second output 28, which via a line 29 with the Früh- Chambers B 'of the chamber pairs 4' is connected, and a third output 30, from which via a pressure line 32, the oil is passed to a locking mechanism of the camshaft adjuster 2 shown schematically by the block 34.

Der Verriegelungsmechanismus 34 umfasst einen hier nicht näher gezeigten Stift, der zum Verriegeln des Rotors gegenüber dem Stator axial in eine Kulisse, die in einem an dem Stator und dem Rotor anliegenden Dichtdeckel ausgebildet ist, greift. Wenn die Druckleitung 32 mit dem Druckmittel-Port P verbunden ist, wird der Stift mit Druck beaufschlagt und zurückgedrückt, so dass er die Kulisse nicht erreichen kann. Wenn der Stift jedoch keinem Druck mehr ausgesetzt ist, stellt er die formschlüssige Verbindung zur Kulisse her sobald sie dem Stift gegenüber positioniert ist.The locking mechanism 34 includes a pin, not shown here in detail, which engages axially for locking the rotor relative to the stator in a slot, which is formed in a voltage applied to the stator and the rotor sealing cover. When the pressure line 32 is connected to the pressure medium port P, the pin is pressurized and pushed back so that he can not reach the backdrop. However, when the pin is no longer exposed to pressure, it establishes the positive connection to the gate as soon as it is positioned opposite the pin.

Beim Abschalten des Motors befinden sich die Flügel 8 des Rotors in der Regel in einer Mittenposition, die durch die gestrichelte Linie 36 angedeutet ist. In der Mittenposition 36 wird der Nockenwellenversteller 2 verriegelt. Ist die Winkelposition bei Motorstillstand, z.B. durch Abwürgen des Motors, zwischen der Mittenposition 36 und dem Spät-Endanschlag S, kann der Nockenwellenversteller 2 aufgrund der Wirkung des Nockenwellenreibmoments in Richtung Spät bei Motorstart nicht in der Mittenposition 36 verriegeln, sondern verstellt in den Spät-Endanschlag S.When switching off the engine, the blades 8 of the rotor are usually in a central position, which is indicated by the dashed line 36. In the middle position 36 of the camshaft adjuster 2 is locked. If the angular position at engine standstill, eg by stalling the engine, between the center position 36 and the late-end stop S, the camshaft adjuster 2 does not lock in the middle position 36 due to the effect of the camshaft torque in the direction of late at engine start, but displaces into the late end stop S.

Zum Verriegeln des Nockenwellenverstellers 2 unabhängig von der Winkelposition des Rotors beim Abschalten des Motors ist eine Zwangssteuerung vorgesehen, die ein Positionierungsventil 38 umfasst, welches lediglich mit einem Kammerpaar, das als Steuerkammerpaar 4 bezeichnet wird, verbunden ist. Alle anderen Kammerpaare 4' werden weiter im Text "weitere Kammerpaare" genannt. Beim Abschalten des Motors, d.h. wenn das Steuerventil 18 in der Basisstellung 19a ist, erfolgt über das Positionierungsventil 38 der Ölaustausch des Steuerkammerpaars 4 mit dem Druckmittelkreislauf. Zudem sind im Dichtdeckel Nuten 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d ausgebildet, in welche Bohrungen 42, 44 im Rotor münden. Über die Bohrungen 42, 44, die Nuten 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d und das Positionierungsventil 38 erreicht das Öl beim abgestellten Motor die Steuerkammern A, B oder strömt aus diesen hinaus.For locking the camshaft adjuster 2 independently of the angular position of the rotor when the engine is switched off, a positive control is provided, which comprises a positioning valve 38, which is connected to only one chamber pair, which is referred to as the control chamber pair 4. All other chamber pairs 4 'are further referred to in the text "further chamber pairs". When switching off the engine, i. when the control valve 18 is in the base position 19a, via the positioning valve 38, the oil exchange of the control chamber pair 4 with the pressure medium circuit. In addition, grooves 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d are formed in the sealing cover, in which holes 42, 44 open in the rotor. About the holes 42, 44, the grooves 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d and the positioning valve 38, the oil reaches the parked motor, the control chambers A, B or flows out of these.

Das Positionierungsventil 38 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ein 6/2-Wege-Ventil und weist einen ON- und einen OFF-Zustand auf. Durch eine Feder 46 wird das Positionierungsventil 38 im ON-Zustand gehalten, wenn keine äußeren Kräfte auf das Positionierungsventil 38 wirken. Über eine Leitung 48 ist das Positionierungsventil 38 an die Druckleitung 32 angeschlossen, so dass wenn Öl in die Druckleitung 32 Öl eingespeist wird dieses Öl das Positionierungsventil 38 gegen die Federkraft der Feder 46 in den OFF-Zustand drückt.The positioning valve 38 is in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a 6/2-way valve and has an ON and an OFF state. By a spring 46, the positioning valve 38 is held in the ON state when no external forces act on the positioning valve 38. Via a line 48, the positioning valve 38 is connected to the pressure line 32, so that when oil is fed into the pressure line 32 oil this oil pushes the positioning valve 38 against the spring force of the spring 46 in the OFF state.

In Fig. 1 ist der Fall gezeigt, in dem die Flügel 8 beim Abschalten des Motors sich zwischen dem Spät-Endanschlag S und der Mittenposition 36 befinden, so dass sie zum Verriegeln des Nockenwellenverstellers 2 nach rechts zur Mittenposition 36 verschoben werden müssen, was durch die Pfeile 50 angedeutet ist. Die Kammern 6 der weiteren Kammerpaare 4' sind in diesem Fall über zwei Eingänge 52, 54 des Positionierungsmittels 38 kurzgeschaltet, so dass sich der Druck in allen diesen Kammern 6 ausgleicht. Von der Leitung 29, die die Früh-Kammern B' mit Öl versorgt, wird Öl angezapft und über die Bohrung 42 in die Nut 40a eingespeist. Die Nut 40a ist über eine Zufuhrleitung 56 mit dem Positionierungsventil 38 verbunden. In der ON-Stellung des Positionierungsventils 38 strömt das Öl schließlich in die Spät-Steuerkammer A, wodurch sich ihr Volumen vergrößert und der Flügel 8 weiter nach rechts in Richtung des Pfeiles 50 überführt wird. Gleichzeitig ist über das Positionierungsventil 38 die Früh-Steuerkammer B über eine Abführleitung 58 mit der Nut 40c verbunden, von der aus über die Bohrung 44 das Öl zu einem Tank des Schmiermittelkreislaufs abgeführt wird, was durch das Symbol T angedeutet ist. Mit dem Verschieben der Flügel 8 nach rechts in Fig. 1 verschieben sich auch die Bohrungen 42 und 44 im Rotor weiter nach rechts. Wenn die Flügel 8 die Mittenposition 36 erreicht haben, überlappen die Bohrungen 42, 44 je zwei Nuten 40a, 40b bzw. 40c, 40d, wodurch der Nockenwellenversteller ausgebremst wird und der Stift des Verriegelungsmechanismus 34 mehr Zeit zum axialen Verriegeln hat.In Fig. 1 the case is shown in which the wings 8 when switching off the engine are between the late end stop S and the center position 36 so that they must be moved to lock the camshaft adjuster 2 to the right to the center position 36, as indicated by the arrows 50 is. The chambers 6 of the further chamber pairs 4 'are in this case short-circuited via two inputs 52, 54 of the positioning means 38, so that the pressure in all these chambers 6 compensates. From the line 29, the the early-chambers B 'supplied with oil, oil is tapped and fed via the bore 42 in the groove 40 a. The groove 40a is connected to the positioning valve 38 via a supply line 56. In the ON position of the positioning valve 38, the oil finally flows into the late control chamber A, whereby its volume increases and the wing 8 is transferred further to the right in the direction of the arrow 50. At the same time via the positioning valve 38, the early control chamber B is connected via a discharge line 58 to the groove 40c, from which via the bore 44, the oil is discharged to a tank of the lubricant circuit, which is indicated by the symbol T. By moving the wing 8 to the right in Fig. 1 The holes 42 and 44 also move further to the right in the rotor. When the wings 8 have reached the center position 36, the holes 42, 44 each overlap two grooves 40a, 40b and 40c, 40d, whereby the camshaft adjuster is braked and the pin of the locking mechanism 34 has more time for axial locking.

In der Basisstellung des Steuerventils 18 ist weder der Verriegelungsmechanismus 34 noch das Positionierungsventil 38 mit Druck beaufschlagt. Das Positionierungsventil 38 befindet sich somit in der ON-Stellung.In the basic position of the control valve 18, neither the locking mechanism 34 nor the positioning valve 38 is pressurized. The positioning valve 38 is thus in the ON position.

Wenn sich der Nockenwellenversteller 2 beim Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine in der Mittenposition 36 befindet, rastet der Stift automatisch in die Kulisse ein, so dass eine Verstellung des Rotors gegenüber dem Stator gar nicht stattfindet.When the camshaft adjuster 2 is in the middle position 36 when the internal combustion engine is switched off, the pin automatically engages in the slot, so that an adjustment of the rotor relative to the stator does not occur at all.

Das Prinzip der Verstellung des Rotors in Richtung Spät bis zur Mittenposition 36 ist in Fig. 2 veranschaulicht. Der wesentliche Unterschied im Vergleich zur Fig. 1 ist, dass durch die Position der Flügel 8 näher an dem Früh-Endanschlag F die zwei Bohrungen 42, 44 die Nuten 40b bzw. 40d überlappen. Die Nut 40b ist dabei zum Abführen des Öls mit dem Tank des Schmierkreislaufs verbunden, während in die Nut 40d über eine Leitung 60 mit Öl eingespeist wird. Somit ist die beim Abstellen des Motors kleinere Steuerkammer B über eine Zufuhrleitung 62 mit der Nut 40d verbunden und in die Steuerkammer B wird Öl eingeleitet. Gleichzeitig wird Öl von der gegenläufigen Steuerkammer A über das Positionierungsventil 38 und eine Abfuhrleitung 64 zur Nut 40d abgeführt. Von der Nut 40d aus strömt das Öl aus dem Nockenwellenversteller 2 hinaus.The principle of the adjustment of the rotor in the direction of late to the center position 36 is in Fig. 2 illustrated. The main difference compared to Fig. 1 is that by the position of the wings 8 closer to the early end stop F, the two holes 42, 44, the grooves 40b and 40d overlap. The groove 40b is connected to the discharge of the oil to the tank of the lubrication circuit, while in the groove 40d is fed via a line 60 with oil. Thus, the smaller control chamber B when the engine is shut down is connected to the groove 40d via a supply pipe 62, and oil is introduced into the control chamber B. At the same time, oil from the counter-rotating control chamber A via the positioning valve 38 and a discharge line 64 to the groove 40d discharged. From the groove 40d, the oil flows out of the camshaft adjuster 2.

In Fig. 3 ist eine zweite Ausführungsvariante eines Nockenwellenverstellers 2 gezeigt, die sich im Wesentlichen von der ersten Variante gemäß Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 dadurch unterscheidet, dass das Positionierungsventil 38 zweiteilig ist. Zur Steuerung des Ölflusses zu den Steuerkammern A und B sind dabei zwei 4/2-Wege-Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b vorgesehen. Diese Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b weisen je vier Ports auf und sind in 2 Stellungen, ein ON- und eine OFF-Stellung, überführbar. Die Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b weisen jeweils zwei Eingänge 66a, 68a bzw. 68b, 68b sowie zwei Ausgänge 70a, 72a und 70b, 72b auf. Die Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b sind ebenfalls druckgesteuerte Ventile, die über jeweils eine Leitung 48a, 48b an die Druckleitung 32 angeschlossen sind.In Fig. 3 a second embodiment of a camshaft adjuster 2 is shown, which is substantially of the first variant according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 characterized in that the positioning valve 38 is in two parts. To control the flow of oil to the control chambers A and B while two 4/2-way positioning valves 38a, 38b are provided. These positioning valves 38a, 38b each have four ports and are in two positions, an ON and an OFF position, convertible. The positioning valves 38a, 38b each have two inputs 66a, 68a and 68b, 68b and two outputs 70a, 72a and 70b, 72b. The positioning valves 38a, 38b are also pressure-controlled valves which are connected via a respective line 48a, 48b to the pressure line 32.

Durch die in Fig. 3 gezeigte ON-Stellung der Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b wird der Flügel 8, der die beiden Steuerkammern 6a und 6b voneinander trennt, in Richtung Früh zur Mittenposition 36 gedrückt. Hierfür ist die Spät-Steuerkammer A über die Zufuhrleitung 56 mit der Nut 40a verbunden. Durch die Bohrung 42 wird Öl in die Nut 40a eingespeist, welches anschließend über die Zufuhrleitung 56 der Spät-Steuerkammer 6a zugeführt wird. Parallel dazu strömt das in der Früh-Steuerkammer B enthaltene Öl über die Abfuhrleitung 58, über die Nut 40c und über die Bohrung 44 aus dem Nockenwellenversteller 2 hinaus.By the in Fig. 3 shown ON position of the positioning valves 38a, 38b, the wing 8, which separates the two control chambers 6a and 6b from each other, pressed in the direction of the middle position 36. For this purpose, the late control chamber A is connected via the supply line 56 with the groove 40a. Through the bore 42 oil is fed into the groove 40 a, which is then supplied via the supply line 56 of the late-control chamber 6 a. In parallel, the oil contained in the early control chamber B flows via the discharge line 58, via the groove 40c and via the bore 44 out of the camshaft adjuster 2.

Um den Druck in den weiteren Kammern A' und B' auszugleichen, sind diese Kammern A', B' über die Ports 66a, 70a und 66b, 70b der beiden Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b miteinander kurzgeschlossen.To compensate for the pressure in the other chambers A 'and B', these chambers A ', B' via the ports 66a, 70a and 66b, 70b of the two positioning valves 38a, 38b are shorted together.

Wenn die Positionierungsventile 38a, 38b mit Druck vom Öl in der Druckleitung 32 beaufschlagt werden, verschieben sie sich nach links in Fig. 3 in ihre OFF-Stellung, in der die Steuerkammer A über das Positionierungsventil 38a mit den weiteren Spät-Kammern A' und die Früh-Steuerkammer B über das Positionierungsventil 38b mit den weiteren Früh-Kammern B' strömungstechnisch kommuniziert.When the positioning valves 38a, 38b are pressurized by the oil in the pressure line 32, they shift to the left in FIG Fig. 3 in its OFF position, in which the control chamber A via the positioning valve 38 a with the further late-chambers A 'and the early control chamber B via the positioning valve 38b with the other early chambers B' communicates fluidically.

Liste der BezugszahlenList of reference numbers

22
NockenwellenverstellerPhaser
44
Steuerkammer-PaarungControl chamber pairing
4'4 '
Kammerpaarepairs of chambers
66
Kammerchamber
88th
Flügelwing
1010
Stegweb
1212
SchmierölkreislaufLubricating oil circuit
1414
SchmierölleitungOil line
1616
Rückschlagventilcheck valve
1818
Steuerventilcontrol valve
19a19a
Basisstellung d. SteuerventilsBasic position d. control valve
19b19b
Stellung des SteuerventilsPosition of the control valve
19c19c
Stellung des SteuerventilsPosition of the control valve
19d19d
Stellung des SteuerventilsPosition of the control valve
2020
RückstellfederReturn spring
2222
Elektromagnetelectromagnet
2424
erster Ausgang des Steuerventilsfirst output of the control valve
2626
Leitungmanagement
2828
zweiter Ausgang des Steuerventilssecond output of the control valve
2929
Leitungmanagement
3030
dritter Ausgang des Steuerventilsthird output of the control valve
3232
Druckleitungpressure line
3434
Verriegelungsmechanismuslocking mechanism
3636
Mittenpositioncenter position
3838
Positionierungsventilpositioning valve
38a38a
erstes Positionierungsventilfirst positioning valve
38b38b
zweites Positionierungsventilsecond positioning valve
40a,b,c,d40a, b, c, d
Nutengroove
4242
Bohrung im RotorHole in the rotor
4444
Bohrung im RotorHole in the rotor
4646
Federfeather
48,48a,b48,48a, b
Leitungmanagement
5050
Pfeilarrow
5252
erster Eingang des Positionierungsventilsfirst input of the positioning valve
5454
zweiter Eingang des Positionierungsventilssecond input of the positioning valve
5656
Zufuhrleitungsupply line
5858
Abfuhrleitungdischarge line
6060
Leitungmanagement
6262
Zufuhrleitungsupply line
6464
Abfuhrleitungdischarge line
66a,68a,66a, 68a,
Port des ersten PositionierungsventilsPort of the first positioning valve
70a,72a70a, 72a
Port des ersten PositionierungsventilsPort of the first positioning valve
66b,68b,66b, 68b,
Port des zweiten PositionierungsventilsPort of the second positioning valve
70b,72b70b, 72b
Port des zweiten PositionierungsventilsPort of the second positioning valve
AA
Spät-SteuerkammerLate-control chamber
A'A '
Spät-KammerLate-chamber
BB
Früh-SteuerkammerEarly control chamber
B'B '
Früh-KammerEarly-chamber
FF
Früh-EndanschlagEarly-stop
PP
Drucköl-PortPressure oil port
SS
Spät-EndanschlagLate-stop
TT
Tank-PortTank port

Claims (10)

  1. Camshaft phasing device (2) for a combustion engine, which comprises:
    - a radially outer stator drivable by a crankshaft of a combustion engine,
    - a radially inner rotor connectable fixedly in terms of rotation to a camshaft,
    - pairs of chambers (4, 4') which are arranged between the rotor and stator and comprise in each case two contra directional chambers (6), to be precise an advance chamber (B, B') and a retard chamber (A, A'), which can be acted upon with a pressure medium in such a way that the relative rotary position of the rotor with respect to the stator can be varied,
    - a control valve (18) which is part of the pressure-medium circuit and is provided for regulating the inflow and outflow of the pressure medium to and from the chambers (6), the control valve (18) having a pressure-medium port (P) for feeding the pressure medium and a tank port (T) for discharging the pressure medium, and
    - at least one pressure-controlled positioning valve (38) which is connected to a pair of control chambers (4) comprising two control chambers (A, B) and which is designed in such a way that, in a dead basic position (19a) of the control valve (18), for setting a middle position (36) the smaller control chamber (A, B) is connected to a feed line (56, 62) and the larger control chamber (A, B) is connected to a discharge line (58, 64).
  2. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to Claim 1, comprising at least one sealing cover laterally delimiting the chambers (6) and bearing against the stator and rotor, the position valve (38) communicating in flow terms with grooves (40a, 40b, 40c, 40d) which are formed in the sealing cover and which are connectable to the pressure-medium circuit via bores (42, 44) in the rotor.
  3. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to Claim 2, in the basic position (19a) of the control valve (18) the smaller control chamber (A, B) being connected via the positioning valve (38) to a first groove (40a, 40b) which is located in the sealing cover and is connected to the pressure-medium port (P) of the control valve (18) and the larger control chamber (A, B) being connected via the positioning valve (38) to a second groove (40c, 40d) which is located in the sealing cover and is designed for returning the pressure medium into a tank of the pressure-medium circuit.
  4. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a locking mechanism (34), by means of which, in the middle position (36), the rotor and stator are connected fixedly in terms of rotation to one another, the control valve (18) being connected to the locking mechanism (34) via a pressure line (32).
  5. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to Claim 4, in the basic position (19a) of the control valve (18) the pressure line (32) being connected to the tank port (8) of the control valve (18).
  6. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to Claim 4 or 5, the positioning valve (38) being connected to the pressure line (32) and having two positions which can be set, depending on whether the pressure line (32) is connected to the pressure-medium port (P) or to the tank port (T).
  7. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, in the basic position (19a) of the control valve (18) the contra directional chambers (A', B') of the further pairs of chambers (4') being short-circuited.
  8. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, the control valve (38) being a 5/4-way valve and being connected via a first port (24) to the retard chambers (A') of the further pairs of chambers (4'), via a second port (28) to the advance chambers (B') of the further pairs of chambers (4') and via a third port (30), via the pressure line (32), to the locking mechanism (34), the feed line (56, 62) being a branch of the line (29) to the advance chambers (B').
  9. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, the positioning valve (38) being a 6/2-way valve and communicating via two ports with the two control chambers (A, B).
  10. Camshaft phasing device (2) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 8, the positioning valve being of two-part form and comprising two 4/2-way positioning valves (38a, 38b), in the basic position (19a) of the control valve (18) the control chambers (A, B) being connected in each case via a positioning valve (38a, 38b) respectively to the feed line (54, 62) or to the discharge line (56, 64).
EP20110181270 2010-11-11 2011-09-14 Camshaft phasing device for a combustion engine Not-in-force EP2453112B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010051054 DE102010051054A1 (en) 2010-11-11 2010-11-11 Camshaft adjuster for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2453112A1 EP2453112A1 (en) 2012-05-16
EP2453112B1 true EP2453112B1 (en) 2013-11-13

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EP (1) EP2453112B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010051054A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007054547A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-20 Schaeffler Kg Engine control strategy for hydraulic camshaft adjuster with mechanical center lock
US9587525B2 (en) * 2014-10-21 2017-03-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and system for variable cam timing device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100406777B1 (en) * 1999-08-17 2003-11-21 가부시키가이샤 덴소 Variable valve timing control system
JP4605473B2 (en) * 2005-12-27 2011-01-05 アイシン精機株式会社 Valve timing control device
US7318401B2 (en) * 2006-03-15 2008-01-15 Borgwarner Inc. Variable chamber volume phaser
JP5093587B2 (en) * 2007-12-07 2012-12-12 アイシン精機株式会社 Valve timing control device
DE102008011916A1 (en) 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Schaeffler Kg Camshaft adjuster i.e. wing cell adjuster, for internal combustion engine of modern motor vehicle, has guides blocking adjustment of drive part opposite to drive direction and allowing adjustment in direction till reaching pivot bearing
DE102008036877B4 (en) 2008-08-07 2019-08-22 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Camshaft adjusting device for an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010051054A1 (en) 2012-05-16
US8955477B2 (en) 2015-02-17
EP2453112A1 (en) 2012-05-16
US20120118252A1 (en) 2012-05-17

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