EP2451612A1 - Cutting by means of a jet of liquid cryogenic fluid with added abrasive particles - Google Patents

Cutting by means of a jet of liquid cryogenic fluid with added abrasive particles

Info

Publication number
EP2451612A1
EP2451612A1 EP10734782A EP10734782A EP2451612A1 EP 2451612 A1 EP2451612 A1 EP 2451612A1 EP 10734782 A EP10734782 A EP 10734782A EP 10734782 A EP10734782 A EP 10734782A EP 2451612 A1 EP2451612 A1 EP 2451612A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbide
abrasive particles
mixing chamber
cutting
hardness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10734782A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2451612B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Quintard
Frédéric Richard
Charles Truchot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP2451612A1 publication Critical patent/EP2451612A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2451612B1 publication Critical patent/EP2451612B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier
    • B24C7/0076—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier the blasting medium being a liquid stream
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/04—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/364—By fluid blast and/or suction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for cutting materials, such as metals, concrete, wood, plastics or any other type of material, by a jet of cryogenic fluid at very high pressure, with added abrasive, in particular corundum.
  • the cutting of materials can be done with the expuse (concrete, stone, metals ..), with the saw (metals, wood, plastics ...), by laser beam (metals, plastics ...), with jet of plasma (metals), water jet Ultra High Pressure (UHP) with or without abrasives (all types of materials) ...
  • UHP waterjet cutting with abrasive when there is no hot spot in contact with hard materials, during the cutting process, only UHP waterjet cutting with abrasive is used.
  • water at a pressure (UHP) of between 1000 and 4000 bar is brought to a stainless steel mixing chamber, into which a flow of compressed air conveying a garnet or olivine-type abrasive so as to form a mixture of water and ultrahigh-pressure abrasive.
  • This water / abrasive mixture is then sent towards the material to be cut by a tungsten carbide focusing gun, such as that shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 schematizes a conventional tungsten carbide focusing gun structure used to send an abrasive material to a material to be cut.
  • This focusing gun 5 comprises a first inlet or inlet 1 by which the barrel is fed with an abrasive / compressed air mixture, a second inlet or inlet 2 by which the barrel 5 is fed with UHP water, for example between 1000-4000 bars, a venturi type head 3, a mixing chamber 4 and an outlet for the mixture of pressurized water and abrasive.
  • cryogenic jets as taught by US-A-7,310,955 for example.
  • a cryogenic fluid usually liquid nitrogen, is used at very high pressure to replace the water to achieve the desired cut.
  • cryogenic fluid distribution barrel, or even the mixing chamber, of the cutting device can be very rapidly eroded when the fluid is supplemented with abrasive particles, in particular when the particles have a high hardness.
  • the solution of the invention is then a method of cutting a material, in which said material is cut by means of a cutting jet at a pressure of at least 100 bars, characterized in that
  • the cutting jet is formed by mixing at least a first compound in liquid form and at a cryogenic temperature below -100 ° C., and solid abrasive particles formed of at least one abrasive material having a hardness index of at least 6 Mohs, the solid abrasive particles being contained in a gaseous flow, and
  • the cutting jet is directed towards the material to be cut by means of a focusing gun supplied with said mixture, the material forming, totally or partially, the focusing gun having a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used.
  • the cutting method of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the mixture between the liquid flow and the solid abrasive particles conveyed by the gas flow is in a mixing chamber.
  • the pressure of the cutting jet is between 500 and 4000 bar, between 1000 and 3800 bar, preferably of the order of 3000 to 3500 bar.
  • the compound in liquid form is at a temperature below -150 ° C., preferably between -160 ° C. and -230 ° C.
  • the compound in liquid form is liquid nitrogen.
  • the solid abrasive particles comprise at least one abrasive material chosen from the group formed by corundum, garnet, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, olivine, alumina and calcium carbonate.
  • the solid abrasive particles have a particle size of between 20 and 200 mesh, preferably 60 and 100 mesh.
  • the solid abrasive particles are advantageously particles of corundum, garnet or olivine, advantageously corundum.
  • the material to be cut is metal, concrete, ceramic, wood, plastic, any other polymer or hard organic material.
  • the material to be cut has a thickness of between 1 cm and 20 cm, typically between 1 and 10 cm.
  • the cutting speed is between 0.01 and 4 m / min depending on the nature of the material to be cut.
  • the cutting jet comprising the compound in liquid form and the solid abrasive particles is obtained by mixing said compound in liquid form with a stream of air comprising the solid abrasive particles.
  • the mixture between the liquid flow and the abrasive conveyed by a gaseous flow is carried out in a mixing chamber formed, totally or partially, the solid part or inner surface coating, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide, of carbide silicon, titanium or boron, boron nitride, preferably cubic boron nitride, or diamond, preferably a material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used.
  • the cutting jet is directed to the material to be cut by means of a focusing gun fed by the mixture obtained in said mixing chamber.
  • the material forming, totally or partially, i.e. massive piece or internal surface coating, the focusing gun has a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used when said particles are corundum.
  • the material forming, totally or partially, the solid piece or internal surface coating, the focusing gun is tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, preferably of the order of 0.15% to 0.5. %, for example of the order 0.25%, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
  • the mixture between the liquid flow and the abrasive conveyed by a gaseous flow is carried out in a mixing chamber formed, totally or partially, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10. %, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
  • the mixing chamber or the barrel is formed, at least partially, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, and the tungsten carbide grains have a size of less than 1.5 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 ⁇ m.
  • the invention also relates to a cutting jet cutting device with a pressure of at least 100 bar comprising a source of cryogenic liquid under pressure fluidly to a mixing chamber for supplying said mixing chamber with cryogenic liquid under pressure, and a focusing gun fluidly connected to said mixing chamber, characterized in that it further comprises a source of abrasive particles having a hardness index at least 6 Mohs, feeding the mixing chamber so as to feed the focusing gun into a mixture of cryogenic liquid under pressure and said abrasive particles, which mixture is delivered by the focusing gun in the form of a jet of cutting, the focusing gun being formed, totally or partially
  • tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between 0.1 and 10%, of silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
  • the device of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the mixing chamber is formed, totally or partially, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, of silicon carbide, of titanium carbide, of boron carbide, of cubic boron nitride or diamond.
  • the focusing gun or the mixing chamber is formed, totally or partially, of tungsten carbide comprising a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, the tungsten carbide grains having a size of less than 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the cutting method according to the invention consists in using a cutting jet formed, on the one hand, of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form, in particular liquid nitrogen, with UHP, that is to say typically more than 100 bar or more than 1000 bar, and secondly, abrasive particles formed of one or more materials having a hardness index of at least 6 Mohs, to cut a material.
  • the abrasive particles are supplied by a flow of gas, such as air, to the mixing chamber feeding the focusing gun for dispensing the jet of liquid / abrasive nitrogen mixture.
  • a flow of gas such as air
  • the abrasives used in combination with UHP liquid nitrogen are preferably corundum, garnet and olivine for the reasons explained below.
  • abrasives such as tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, alumina and calcium carbonate may also be used, depending on the application considered, including the nature, the thickness of the material to be cut, type of gun used, the nature of the material forming the mixing chamber.
  • the perfo grade of an abrasive depends on its particle size, shape and hardness. The cutting tests were made with abrasives with a grain size of 80 mesh, ie 150 to 180 ⁇ m, and having the same grain shape (sharp angles at about 60 °).
  • the corundum is more efficient than the garnet which is itself more efficient than the olivine since the corundum is, among other things, the hardest of these three compounds.
  • Roctec® 500 and Ultramant 3000 focusing guns are harder than standard tungsten carbide (WC) guns and are much more resistant to corundum erosion.
  • tungsten focusing guns comprising less than 0.5% by weight of cobalt, preferably less than 0.30% by weight. example of the order of 0.25%, when corundum is chosen as abrasive material mixed with the flow of liquid nitrogen.
  • the mixing chamber 4 is very eroded by the stream of abrasive particles.
  • Table III shows the degradation of a hardened steel mixing chamber following the use of a mixture of liquid nitrogen and corundum for 8 hours, in particular of the part 11 of the mixing chamber. where the abrasive arrives, the part of the mixing chamber 12 where liquid nitrogen arrives and the part of the mixing chamber where the nitrogen / abrasive mixture comes out, as shown in Figure 2.
  • a focusing gun or even a mixing chamber, which is formed (ie solid pieces or surface coatings) of a harder material, will be used.
  • the abrasive particles used in particular harder than corundum, thus making it possible to overcome the problem of erosion caused by these abrasive particles, in particular corundum.
  • the material of the focusing gun may be tungsten carbide containing a low level of cobalt ( ⁇ 0.5%), silicon carbide, boron, titanium or other, cubic boron nitride, diamond or any material compatible and harder than corundum.
  • it is essential that at least the focusing gun of the jet is made of a material resistant to erosion caused by the abrasive particles because it is the gun that undergoes the stronger erosion.
  • olivine can also be used, as shown by additional tests performed under the same conditions as the previous tests.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cutting a material, in which said material is cut using a cutting jet at a pressure of at least 100 bars, characterised in that the cutting jet consists of a mixture of at least one first compound in liquid form at a cryogenic temperature of less than -100°C and solid abrasive particles consisting of at least one abrasive material with a hardness number of at least 6 Mohs. The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method, which includes a focusing gun and a mixing chamber. The hardness of the material that forms all or part of the focusing gun is higher than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used.

Description

Coupage par jet de fluide cryogénique liquide additionné de particules abrasives  Jet cutting of liquid cryogenic fluid with abrasive particles
L'invention porte sur un procédé et dispositif de découpe de matériaux, tels les métaux, le béton, le bois, les plastiques ou tout autre type de matériau, par jet de fluide cryogénique à très haute pression additionné d'abrasif, en particulier de corindon. The invention relates to a method and a device for cutting materials, such as metals, concrete, wood, plastics or any other type of material, by a jet of cryogenic fluid at very high pressure, with added abrasive, in particular corundum.
La découpe de matériaux peut se faire à la disqueuse (béton, pierre, métaux..), à la scie (métaux, bois, plastiques...), par faisceau laser (métaux, plastiques...), au jet de plasma (métaux), au jet d'eau à Ultra Haute Pression (UHP) avec ou sans abrasifs (tous type de matériaux)...  The cutting of materials can be done with the disqueuse (concrete, stone, metals ..), with the saw (metals, wood, plastics ...), by laser beam (metals, plastics ...), with jet of plasma (metals), water jet Ultra High Pressure (UHP) with or without abrasives (all types of materials) ...
Toutefois, lorsqu'il doit ne pas y avoir de point chaud au contact de matériaux durs, pendant le processus de découpe, seule la découpe par jet d'eau UHP avec abrasif est utilisée. Dans ce cas, selon un procédé de coupage assez répandu, de l'eau à une pression (UHP) comprise entre 1000 et 4000 bars est amenée jusqu'à une chambre de mélange en acier inoxydable, dans laquelle est simultanément introduit un flux d'air comprimé véhiculant un abrasif du type grenat ou olivine de manière à former un mélange d'eau et d'abrasif à ultra haute pression. Ce mélange eau/abrasif est ensuite envoyé en direction du matériau à couper par un canon de focalisation en carbure de tungstène, tel celui représenté en Figure 1.  However, when there is no hot spot in contact with hard materials, during the cutting process, only UHP waterjet cutting with abrasive is used. In this case, according to a rather widespread cutting process, water at a pressure (UHP) of between 1000 and 4000 bar is brought to a stainless steel mixing chamber, into which a flow of compressed air conveying a garnet or olivine-type abrasive so as to form a mixture of water and ultrahigh-pressure abrasive. This water / abrasive mixture is then sent towards the material to be cut by a tungsten carbide focusing gun, such as that shown in FIG.
Ainsi, la figure 1 schématise une structure classique de canon de focalisation 5 en carbure de tungstène utilisé pour envoyer un matériau abrasif vers un matériau à couper. Ce canon de focalisation 5 comprend une première arrivée ou entrée 1 par laquelle on alimente le canon avec un mélange abrasif/air comprimé, une seconde arrivée ou entrée 2 par laquelle on alimente le canon 5 avec de l'eau à UHP, par exemple entre 1000-4000 bars, une tête 3 de type venturi, une chambre de mélange 4 et une sortie pour le mélange formé d'eau sous pression additionnée d'abrasif.  Thus, FIG. 1 schematizes a conventional tungsten carbide focusing gun structure used to send an abrasive material to a material to be cut. This focusing gun 5 comprises a first inlet or inlet 1 by which the barrel is fed with an abrasive / compressed air mixture, a second inlet or inlet 2 by which the barrel 5 is fed with UHP water, for example between 1000-4000 bars, a venturi type head 3, a mixing chamber 4 and an outlet for the mixture of pressurized water and abrasive.
Or, dans certains cas, l'utilisation d'eau est elle même problématique. En effet, l'utilisation d'eau pour certaines applications de découpe de pièce contaminée, par exemple suite à une contamination par produit chimique, radiations nucléaires ou autres, comporte des risques de pollution et impose des systèmes de récupération complexes et coûteux.  However, in some cases, the use of water itself is problematic. Indeed, the use of water for certain contaminated part cutting applications, for example following contamination by chemical, nuclear or other radiation, carries risks of pollution and imposes complex and expensive recovery systems.
Une solution alternative à la découpe à l'eau est proposée par l'utilisation de jets cryogéniques, comme enseigné par le document US-A-7,310,955 par exemple. Dans ce cas, on utilise un fluide cryogénique, en général de l'azote liquide, sous très haute pression en remplacement de l'eau pour réaliser la découpe souhaitée.  An alternative solution to water cutting is proposed by the use of cryogenic jets, as taught by US-A-7,310,955 for example. In this case, a cryogenic fluid, usually liquid nitrogen, is used at very high pressure to replace the water to achieve the desired cut.
Toutefois, ce procédé n'est pas utilisable pour découper certains matériaux durs, tels le métal, la pierre, le béton..., en particulier quand leur épaisseur devient trop importante, par exemple supérieure à environ 10 mm. De plus, on a remarqué que le canon de distribution du fluide cryogénique, voire également la chambre de mélange, du dispositif de coupage peut être très rapidement érodé lorsque le fluide est additionné de particules abrasives, en particulier lorsque les particules présentent une dureté élevée. However, this method is not used to cut some hard materials, such as metal, stone, concrete ..., especially when their thickness becomes too large, for example greater than about 10 mm. In addition, it has been noted that the cryogenic fluid distribution barrel, or even the mixing chamber, of the cutting device can be very rapidly eroded when the fluid is supplemented with abrasive particles, in particular when the particles have a high hardness.
II s'ensuit que le problème qui se pose est de pouvoir utiliser un procédé et un dispositif de découpage par jet de fluide cryogénique UHP pour découper différents types de matériaux, y compris des matériaux durs, tel le béton, les métaux, la pierre, le bois, les plastiques...., et/ou ayant des épaisseurs pouvant atteindre 10 cm, ne présentant pas les inconvénients susmentionnés.  It follows that the problem is to be able to use a process and a device for cutting UHP cryogenic fluid to cut different types of materials, including hard materials, such as concrete, metals, stone, wood, plastics ...., and / or having thicknesses up to 10 cm, not having the aforementioned disadvantages.
La solution de l'invention est alors un procédé de coupage d'un matériau, dans lequel on opère une découpe dudit matériau au moyen d'un jet de coupe à une pression d'au moins 100 bars, caractérisé en ce que  The solution of the invention is then a method of cutting a material, in which said material is cut by means of a cutting jet at a pressure of at least 100 bars, characterized in that
- le jet de coupe est formé par mélange d'au moins un premier composé sous forme liquide et à une température cryogénique inférieure à -1000C, et de particules abrasives solides formées d'au moins un matériau abrasif ayant un indice de dureté d'au moins 6 Mohs, les particules abrasives solides étant contenues dans un flux gazeux, et the cutting jet is formed by mixing at least a first compound in liquid form and at a cryogenic temperature below -100 ° C., and solid abrasive particles formed of at least one abrasive material having a hardness index of at least 6 Mohs, the solid abrasive particles being contained in a gaseous flow, and
- le jet de découpe est dirigé vers le matériau à couper au moyen d'un canon de focalisation alimenté en ledit mélange, la matière formant, totalement ou partiellement, le canon de focalisation ayant une dureté supérieure à la dureté des particules abrasives solides utilisées.  the cutting jet is directed towards the material to be cut by means of a focusing gun supplied with said mixture, the material forming, totally or partially, the focusing gun having a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used.
Selon le cas, le procédé de coupage de l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :  Depending on the case, the cutting method of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- le mélange entre le flux liquide et les particules abrasives solides véhiculées par le flux gazeux se fait dans une chambre de mélange.  - The mixture between the liquid flow and the solid abrasive particles conveyed by the gas flow is in a mixing chamber.
- la pression du jet de coupe est comprise entre 500 et 4000 bars, entre 1000 et 3800 bars, de préférence de l'ordre de 3000 à 3500 bars.  - The pressure of the cutting jet is between 500 and 4000 bar, between 1000 and 3800 bar, preferably of the order of 3000 to 3500 bar.
- le composé sous forme liquide est à une température inférieure à -1500C, de préférence entre -1600C et -2300C. the compound in liquid form is at a temperature below -150 ° C., preferably between -160 ° C. and -230 ° C.
- le composé sous forme liquide est de l'azote liquide.  the compound in liquid form is liquid nitrogen.
- les particules abrasives solides comprennent au moins un matériau abrasif choisi dans le groupe formé par le corindon, le grenat, le carbure de tungstène, le carbure de silicium, l'olivine, l'alumine et le carbonate de calcium.  the solid abrasive particles comprise at least one abrasive material chosen from the group formed by corundum, garnet, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, olivine, alumina and calcium carbonate.
- les particules abrasives solides ont une granulométrie comprise entre 20 et 200 mesh, de préférence 60 et 100 mesh. - les particules abrasives solides sont avantageusement des particules de corindon, grenat ou olivine, avantageusement du corindon. the solid abrasive particles have a particle size of between 20 and 200 mesh, preferably 60 and 100 mesh. the solid abrasive particles are advantageously particles of corundum, garnet or olivine, advantageously corundum.
- le matériau à découper est en métal, en béton, en céramique, en bois, en plastique, en tout autre polymère ou en matière organique dure.  - The material to be cut is metal, concrete, ceramic, wood, plastic, any other polymer or hard organic material.
- le matériau à découper a une épaisseur comprise entre 1 cm et 20 cm, typiquement entre 1 et 10 cm.  the material to be cut has a thickness of between 1 cm and 20 cm, typically between 1 and 10 cm.
- la vitesse de coupe est comprise entre 0,01 et 4 m/min selon la nature du matériau à couper.  - The cutting speed is between 0.01 and 4 m / min depending on the nature of the material to be cut.
- le jet de coupe comprenant le composé sous forme liquide et les particules abrasives solides est obtenu par mélange dudit composé sous forme liquide avec un flux d'air comprenant les particules abrasives solides.  - The cutting jet comprising the compound in liquid form and the solid abrasive particles is obtained by mixing said compound in liquid form with a stream of air comprising the solid abrasive particles.
- le mélange entre le flux liquide et l'abrasif véhiculé par un flux gazeux, se fait dans une chambre de mélange formée, totalement ou partiellement, i.e. pièce massive ou revêtement surfacique interne, d'acier trempé, de carbure de tungstène, de carbure de silicium, de titane ou de bore, nitrure de bore, de préférence nitrure de bore cubique, ou de diamant, de préférence en un matériau ayant une dureté supérieure à la dureté des particules abrasives solides utilisées.  the mixture between the liquid flow and the abrasive conveyed by a gaseous flow is carried out in a mixing chamber formed, totally or partially, the solid part or inner surface coating, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide, of carbide silicon, titanium or boron, boron nitride, preferably cubic boron nitride, or diamond, preferably a material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used.
- le jet de découpe est dirigé vers le matériau à couper au moyen d'un canon de focalisation alimenté par le mélange obtenu dans ladite chambre de mélange.  - The cutting jet is directed to the material to be cut by means of a focusing gun fed by the mixture obtained in said mixing chamber.
- la matière formant, totalement ou partiellement, i.e. pièce massive ou revêtement surfacique interne, le canon de focalisation a une dureté supérieure à la dureté des particules abrasives solides utilisées lorsque lesdites particules sont du corindon.  - The material forming, totally or partially, i.e. massive piece or internal surface coating, the focusing gun has a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used when said particles are corundum.
- la matière formant, totalement ou partiellement, i.e. pièce massive ou revêtement surfacique interne, le canon de focalisation est du carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, de préférence de l'ordre de 0.15% à 0.5%, par exemple de l'ordre 0.25%, du carbure de silicium, du carbure de titane, du carbure de bore, du nitrure de bore cubique ou du diamant.  the material forming, totally or partially, the solid piece or internal surface coating, the focusing gun is tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, preferably of the order of 0.15% to 0.5. %, for example of the order 0.25%, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
- le mélange entre le flux liquide et l'abrasif véhiculé par un flux gazeux, se fait dans une chambre de mélange formée, totalement ou partiellement, d'acier trempé, de carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, de carbure de silicium, de carbure de titane, de carbure de bore, de nitrure de bore cubique ou de diamant.  the mixture between the liquid flow and the abrasive conveyed by a gaseous flow is carried out in a mixing chamber formed, totally or partially, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10. %, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
- la chambre de mélange ou le canon est formé, au moins partiellement, de carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, et les grains de carbure de tungstène ont une taille inférieure à 1 ,5 μm, de préférence entre 0, 1 et 0,6 μm.  the mixing chamber or the barrel is formed, at least partially, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, and the tungsten carbide grains have a size of less than 1.5 μm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 μm.
L'invention concerne aussi un dispositif de coupage par jet de coupe à une pression d'au moins 100 bars comprenant une source de liquide cryogénique sous pression relié fluidiquement à une chambre de mélange pour alimenter ladite chambre de mélange en liquide cryogénique sous pression, et un canon de focalisation relié fluidiquement à ladite chambre de mélange, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comporte en outre une source de particules abrasives ayant un indice de dureté d'au moins 6 Mohs, alimentant la chambre de mélange de manière à alimenter le canon de focalisation en un mélange formé de liquide cryogénique sous pression et desdites particules abrasives, lequel mélange est délivré par le canon de focalisation sous forme d'un jet de coupe, le canon de focalisation étant formé, totalement ou partiellement The invention also relates to a cutting jet cutting device with a pressure of at least 100 bar comprising a source of cryogenic liquid under pressure fluidly to a mixing chamber for supplying said mixing chamber with cryogenic liquid under pressure, and a focusing gun fluidly connected to said mixing chamber, characterized in that it further comprises a source of abrasive particles having a hardness index at least 6 Mohs, feeding the mixing chamber so as to feed the focusing gun into a mixture of cryogenic liquid under pressure and said abrasive particles, which mixture is delivered by the focusing gun in the form of a jet of cutting, the focusing gun being formed, totally or partially
en carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, en carbure de silicium, en carbure de titane, en carbure de bore, en nitrure de bore cubique ou en diamant. of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between 0.1 and 10%, of silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
Selon le cas, le dispositif de l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :  As the case may be, the device of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- la chambre de mélange est formée, totalement ou partiellement, d'acier trempé, de carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, de carbure de silicium, de carbure de titane, de carbure de bore, de nitrure de bore cubique ou de diamant.  the mixing chamber is formed, totally or partially, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, of silicon carbide, of titanium carbide, of boron carbide, of cubic boron nitride or diamond.
- le canon de focalisation ou la chambre de mélange est formé, totalement ou partiellement, de carbure de tungstène comprenant un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, les grains de carbure de tungstène ayant une taille inférieure à 1,5 μm.  the focusing gun or the mixing chamber is formed, totally or partially, of tungsten carbide comprising a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, the tungsten carbide grains having a size of less than 1.5 μm.
L'invention va maintenant être mieux comprise grâce aux explications suivantes et aux exemples de réalisation ci-après.  The invention will now be better understood by the following explanations and the following embodiments.
Le procédé de découpe selon l'invention consiste à utiliser un jet de coupe formé, d'une part, d'un fluide cryogénique sous forme liquide, en particulier de l'azote liquide, à UHP, c'est- à-dire typiquement plus de 100 bars, voire plus de 1000 bars, et d'autre part, de particules abrasives formées d'un ou plusieurs matériaux ayant un indice de dureté d'au moins 6 Mohs, pour réaliser la découpe d'un matériau.  The cutting method according to the invention consists in using a cutting jet formed, on the one hand, of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form, in particular liquid nitrogen, with UHP, that is to say typically more than 100 bar or more than 1000 bar, and secondly, abrasive particles formed of one or more materials having a hardness index of at least 6 Mohs, to cut a material.
Les particules abrasives sont amenées par un flux de gaz, tel de l'air, à la chambre de mélange alimentant le canon de focalisation servant à distribuer le jet de mélange azote liquide/abrasif.  The abrasive particles are supplied by a flow of gas, such as air, to the mixing chamber feeding the focusing gun for dispensing the jet of liquid / abrasive nitrogen mixture.
Les abrasifs utilisés en association avec l'azote liquide UHP sont de préférence le corindon, le grenat et l'olivine par les raisons expliquées ci-après.  The abrasives used in combination with UHP liquid nitrogen are preferably corundum, garnet and olivine for the reasons explained below.
Toutefois, d'autres abrasifs, tel que carbure de tungstène, carbure de silicium, alumine et carbonate de calcium peuvent aussi être utilisés, en fonction de l'application considérée, notamment de la nature, de l'épaisseur du matériau à découper, du type de canon utilisé, de la nature du matériau formant la chambre de mélange .... La perfo nuance d'un abrasif dépend de sa granulométrie, de sa forme et de sa dureté. Les essais de découpe ont été faits avec des abrasifs de granulométrie égale à 80 mesh, soit 150 à 180 μm, et ayant la même forme de grains (angles vifs à 60° environ). However, other abrasives, such as tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, alumina and calcium carbonate may also be used, depending on the application considered, including the nature, the thickness of the material to be cut, type of gun used, the nature of the material forming the mixing chamber. The perfo grade of an abrasive depends on its particle size, shape and hardness. The cutting tests were made with abrasives with a grain size of 80 mesh, ie 150 to 180 μm, and having the same grain shape (sharp angles at about 60 °).
C'est donc la dureté des abrasifs qui détermine ici leur efficacité. Les indices de dureté de plusieurs matériaux sont donnés dans le tableau I suivant.  It is therefore the hardness of the abrasives that determines their effectiveness here. The hardness indices of several materials are given in Table I below.
Tableau 1 Table 1
Matériau Indice de dureté (Mohs)  Material Hardness Index (Mohs)
Diamant 10  Diamond 10
Nitrure de bore cubique 9.8  Cubic Boron Nitride 9.8
Carbure de bore (B4C) 9,5  Boron carbide (B4C) 9.5
Carbure de silicium 9,3 Silicon Carbide 9.3
Alumine 9,2 Alumina 9.2
Chrome 9  Chrome 9
Corindon 9  Corundum 9
Carbure de tungstène (WC) standard 8,5  Standard Tungsten Carbide (WC) 8.5
Acier inoxydable < 8,5  Stainless steel <8.5
Grenat 7.5  Garnet 7.5
Olivine 6.5  Olivine 6.5
Comme on le voit dans ce Tableau I, selon l'échelle de dureté (Mohs), le corindon est plus performant que le grenat qui est lui-même plus performant que l'olivine puisque le corindon est, entre autres choses, le plus dur de ces trois composés. As seen in this Table I, according to the scale of hardness (Mohs), the corundum is more efficient than the garnet which is itself more efficient than the olivine since the corundum is, among other things, the hardest of these three compounds.
Toutefois, il a été constaté qu'avec le corindon, le canon de focalisation, en carbure de tungstène (WC) standard et, dans une moindre mesure, la chambre de mélange, en acier trempé, subissent une plus forte érosion qu'avec le grenat. En fait, ces dégradations s'expliquent par le fait que la dureté du corindon est supérieure à celle de l'acier trempé et à celle du carbure de tungstène standard. Le tableau II ci-après illustre ainsi la dégradation d'un canon de focalisation en fonction du matériau constituant ledit canon, lors de tests opérés avec un mélange d'azote liquide et de corindon. However, it has been found that, with corundum, the standard tungsten carbide (WC) focusing gun and, to a lesser extent, the hardened steel mixing chamber, undergo greater erosion than the garnet. In fact, these degradations are explained by the fact that the hardness of the corundum is greater than that of the hardened steel and that of the standard tungsten carbide. Table II below illustrates the degradation of a focusing gun according to the material constituting said barrel, in tests operated with a mixture of liquid nitrogen and corundum.
Tableau II  Table II
On constate que les canons de focalisation Roctec® 500 et Ultramant 3000 sont plus durs que le canon en carbure de tungstène (WC) standard et résistent beaucoup mieux à l'érosion du corindon. It can be seen that Roctec® 500 and Ultramant 3000 focusing guns are harder than standard tungsten carbide (WC) guns and are much more resistant to corundum erosion.
Ceci est dû à la proportion de cobalt présent dans le liant du tungstène utilisé pour fabriquer des canons. En effet, plus la quantité de cobalt (Co) liant du tungstène est faible, plus le tungstène est résistant à l'abrasion mais aussi fragile aux chocs.  This is due to the proportion of cobalt present in the tungsten binder used to make guns. Indeed, the lower the amount of cobalt (Co) tungsten binder, the more tungsten is resistant to abrasion but also fragile to shocks.
Toutefois, étant donné qu'un canon de focalisation ne subit pas de choc mais simplement une érosion par frottements, on préfère utiliser des canons de focalisation formés de tungstène comprenant moins de 0.5% en poids de cobalt, de préférence moins 0.30%, par exemple de l'ordre de 0.25%, lorsque du corindon est choisi comme matériau abrasif mélangé au flux d'azote liquide. However, since a focusing gun is not subjected to shock but simply to friction erosion, it is preferred to use tungsten focusing guns comprising less than 0.5% by weight of cobalt, preferably less than 0.30% by weight. example of the order of 0.25%, when corundum is chosen as abrasive material mixed with the flow of liquid nitrogen.
Comme déjà mentionné, la chambre de mélange 4 est très érodée par le flux de particules abrasives.  As already mentioned, the mixing chamber 4 is very eroded by the stream of abrasive particles.
Ainsi, le tableau III ci-après montre la dégradation d'une chambre de mélange en acier trempé suite à une utilisation d'un mélange d'azote liquide et de corindon pendant 8 heures, en particulier de la partie 11 de la chambre de mélange où arrive l'abrasif, de la partie de la chambre 12 de mélange où arrive l'azote liquide et de la partie de la chambre de mélange où sort le mélange azote/abrasif, tel qu'illustré en Figure 2.  Thus, Table III below shows the degradation of a hardened steel mixing chamber following the use of a mixture of liquid nitrogen and corundum for 8 hours, in particular of the part 11 of the mixing chamber. where the abrasive arrives, the part of the mixing chamber 12 where liquid nitrogen arrives and the part of the mixing chamber where the nitrogen / abrasive mixture comes out, as shown in Figure 2.
Tableau III Table III
Les résultats obtenus montrent que, malgré une érosion importante de son diamètre, en particulier des parties 12 et 13 de la Figure 2, la chambre de mélange 4 en acier inox est restée efficace pour réaliser le mélange corindon/azote liquide durant les 8h de tests. The results obtained show that, despite a significant erosion of its diameter, in particular parts 12 and 13 of FIG. 2, the mixing chamber 4 made of stainless steel has remained effective for producing the corundum / liquid nitrogen mixture during the 8h of tests. .
Néanmoins, pour minimiser l'usure de la chambre de mélange et du canon de focalisation, on utilisera un canon de focalisation, voire aussi une chambre de mélange, qui est formé (i.e. pièces massives ou revêtements de surface) d'un matériau plus dur que les particules abrasives mises en œuvre, en particulier plus dur que le corindon, permettant ainsi de pallier le problème d'érosion due à ces particules abrasives, en particulier le corindon.  Nevertheless, to minimize the wear of the mixing chamber and the focusing gun, a focusing gun, or even a mixing chamber, which is formed (ie solid pieces or surface coatings) of a harder material, will be used. the abrasive particles used, in particular harder than corundum, thus making it possible to overcome the problem of erosion caused by these abrasive particles, in particular corundum.
Ainsi, la matière du canon de focalisation, voire aussi de la chambre de mélange de mélange, peut être du carbure de tungstène contenant un faible taux de cobalt (<0.5%), du carbure de silicium, de bore, de titane ou autre, du nitrure de bore cubique, du diamant ou tout matériau compatible et plus dur que le corindon. Dans tous les cas, dans le cadre de l'invention, il est primordial qu'au moins le canon de focalisation du jet soit réalisé en un matériau résistant à l'érosion causée par les particules abrasives car c'est le canon qui subit la plus forte érosion. Thus, the material of the focusing gun, or even of the mixing mixing chamber, may be tungsten carbide containing a low level of cobalt (<0.5%), silicon carbide, boron, titanium or other, cubic boron nitride, diamond or any material compatible and harder than corundum. In all cases, in the context of the invention, it is essential that at least the focusing gun of the jet is made of a material resistant to erosion caused by the abrasive particles because it is the gun that undergoes the stronger erosion.
Bien que moins performante que le grenat, l'olivine peut aussi être utilisée, comme l'ont montrés des tests supplémentaires réalisés dans les mêmes conditions que les tests précédents.  Although less efficient than garnet, olivine can also be used, as shown by additional tests performed under the same conditions as the previous tests.
Au final, ces essais montrent qu'utiliser des outils adaptés permet de gagner en durée de vie malgré l'utilisation d'abrasifs efficaces en découpe mais très érodants pour les matériels, tel le corindon.  In the end, these tests show that using adapted tools makes it possible to increase life expectancy despite the use of abrasives that are effective in cutting but very eroding for materials, such as corundum.
Ceci est d'autant plus important pour des applications où le nombre d'opérations de maintenance préventives et/ou correctives doit être réduit au maximum, par exemple, dans des applications où l'intervention humaine est difficile, typiquement en milieux radioactifs.  This is all the more important for applications where the number of preventive and / or corrective maintenance operations must be minimized, for example, in applications where human intervention is difficult, typically in radioactive environments.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé de coupage d'un matériau, dans lequel on opère une découpe dudit matériau au moyen d'un jet de coupe à une pression d'au moins 100 bars, caractérisé en ce que le jet de coupe est : 1. A method of cutting a material, in which said material is cut by means of a cutting jet at a pressure of at least 100 bar, characterized in that the cutting jet is:
- formé par mélange d'au moins un premier composé sous forme liquide et à une température cryogénique inférieure à -1000C, et de particules abrasives solides formées d'au moins un matériau abrasif ayant un indice de dureté d'au moins 6 Mohs, les particules abrasives solides étant contenues dans un flux gazeux, et formed by mixing at least a first compound in liquid form and at a cryogenic temperature below -100 ° C., and solid abrasive particles formed of at least one abrasive material having a hardness index of at least 6 Mohs the solid abrasive particles being contained in a gaseous flow, and
- est dirigé vers le matériau à couper au moyen d'un canon de focalisation, la matière formant, totalement ou partiellement, le canon de focalisation ayant une dureté supérieure à la dureté des particules abrasives solides utilisées.  is directed towards the material to be cut by means of a focusing gun, the material forming, totally or partially, the focusing gun having a hardness greater than the hardness of the solid abrasive particles used.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pression du jet de coupe est comprise entre 500 et 4000 bars. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure of the cutting jet is between 500 and 4000 bar.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le composé sous forme liquide est a une température inférieure à -1500C. 3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the compound in liquid form is at a temperature below -150 0 C.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le composé sous forme liquide est de l'azote liquide. 4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compound in liquid form is liquid nitrogen.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules abrasives solides comprennent au moins un matériau abrasif choisi dans le groupe formé par le corindon, le grenat, le carbure de tungstène, le carbure de silicium, le carbure de titane, l'olivine, l'alumine et le carbonate de calcium. 5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid abrasive particles comprise at least one abrasive material selected from the group consisting of corundum, garnet, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, carbide of titanium, olivine, alumina and calcium carbonate.
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau à découper est en métal, en céramique, en béton, en bois, en plastique ou en polymère. 6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material to be cut is metal, ceramic, concrete, wood, plastic or polymer.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le flux gazeux comprenant les particules abrasives solides est un flux d'air. 7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas stream comprising the solid abrasive particles is an air flow.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le mélange entre le flux liquide et les particules abrasives solides véhiculées par un flux gazeux, se fait dans une chambre de mélange formée, totalement ou partiellement, d'acier trempé, de carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, de carbure de silicium, de carbure de titane, de carbure de bore cubique, de nitrure de bore ou de diamant, de préférence chambre de mélange formée en un matériau ayant une dureté supérieure à la dureté de l'abrasif utilisé. 8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture between the liquid flow and the solid abrasive particles carried by a gas stream, is carried out in a mixing chamber formed, totally or partially, of hardened steel, of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between about 0.1 and 10%, of silicon carbide, of titanium carbide, of cubic boron carbide , boron nitride or diamond, preferably mixing chamber formed of a material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the abrasive used.
9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la matière formant, totalement ou partiellement, le canon de focalisation est du carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, du carbure de silicium, du carbure de titane, du carbure de bore, du nitrure de bore cubique ou du diamant. 9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material forming, totally or partially, the focusing gun is tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between 0.1 and 10%, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules abrasives solides comprennent au moins un matériau abrasif choisi dans le groupe formé par le corindon, le grenat et l'olivine, de préférence le corindon. 10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid abrasive particles comprise at least one abrasive material selected from the group consisting of corundum, garnet and olivine, preferably corundum.
11. Dispositif de coupage par jet de coupe à une pression d'au moins 100 bars comprenant une source de liquide cryogénique sous pression relié fluidiquement à une chambre de mélange (4) pour alimenter ladite chambre de mélange (4) en liquide cryogénique sous pression, et un canon de focalisation (5) relié fluidiquement à ladite chambre de mélange (4), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une source de particules abrasives ayant un indice de dureté d'au moins 6 Mohs, alimentant la chambre de mélange (4) de manière à alimenter le canon de focalisation (5) en un mélange formé d'au moins le liquide cryogénique sous pression et desdites particules abrasives, lequel mélange est délivré par le canon de focalisation (5) sous forme d'un jet de coupe, le canon de focalisation (5) étant formé, totalement ou partiellement en carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, en carbure de silicium, en carbure de titane, en carbure de bore, en nitrure de bore cubique ou en diamant. 11. Cutting jet cutting device at a pressure of at least 100 bars comprising a source of cryogenic liquid under pressure fluidly connected to a mixing chamber (4) for supplying said mixing chamber (4) with cryogenic liquid under pressure , and a focusing gun (5) fluidly connected to said mixing chamber (4), characterized in that it further comprises a source of abrasive particles having a hardness index of at least 6 Mohs, feeding the chamber of mixture (4) so as to supply the focusing gun (5) with a mixture of at least the cryogenic liquid under pressure and said abrasive particles, which mixture is delivered by the focusing gun (5) in the form of a cutting jet, the focusing gun (5) being formed wholly or partially of tungsten carbide with a cobalt content of between approximately 0.1 and 10%, of silicon carbide, of titanium carbide, of boron carbide, e n cubic boron nitride or diamond.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de mélange (4) est formée, totalement ou partiellement, d'acier trempé, de carbure de tungstène avec un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, de carbure de silicium, de carbure de titane, de carbure de bore, de nitrure de bore cubique ou de diamant. 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the mixing chamber (4) is formed, totally or partially, of hardened steel, tungsten carbide with a cobalt content between about 0.1 and 10%, of carbide silicon, titanium carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride or diamond.
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le canon de focalisation (5) ou la chambre de mélange (4) est formé, totalement ou partiellement, de carbure de tungstène comprenant un taux de cobalt compris entre environ 0.1 et 10%, les grains de carbure de tungstène ayant une taille inférieure à 1 ,5 μm. 13. Device according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the focusing gun (5) or the mixing chamber (4) is formed, totally or partially, tungsten carbide comprising a cobalt content between about 0.1 and 10%, the tungsten carbide grains having a size less than 1, 5 microns.
EP20100734782 2009-07-09 2010-06-01 Cutting by means of a jet of liquid cryogenic fluid with added abrasive particles Not-in-force EP2451612B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120137846A1 (en) 2012-06-07
FR2947748A1 (en) 2011-01-14
WO2011004085A1 (en) 2011-01-13
EP2451612B1 (en) 2014-01-01
FR2947748B1 (en) 2015-04-17
CN102470508A (en) 2012-05-23
CN102470508B (en) 2014-04-16

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