EP2446125A1 - Injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust system - Google Patents

Injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust system

Info

Publication number
EP2446125A1
EP2446125A1 EP10718125A EP10718125A EP2446125A1 EP 2446125 A1 EP2446125 A1 EP 2446125A1 EP 10718125 A EP10718125 A EP 10718125A EP 10718125 A EP10718125 A EP 10718125A EP 2446125 A1 EP2446125 A1 EP 2446125A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metering
valve
injection system
fluid
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10718125A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2446125B1 (en
Inventor
Volker Reusing
Chris Weirauch
Stefan Stein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2446125A1 publication Critical patent/EP2446125A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2446125B1 publication Critical patent/EP2446125B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1446—Means for damping of pressure fluctuations in the delivery system, e.g. by puffer volumes or throttling

Definitions

  • Injection device for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract
  • the invention relates to an injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract.
  • a particulate filter in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.
  • the combustion engine is a diesel engine
  • the particulate filter acts, for example, as a soot filter and, due to its filtering effect, lowers the particulate matter load.
  • the regeneration is carried out by increasing the temperature, for example, to about 600 degrees Celsius, whereby the particles, especially soot particles, burn. Since this is not possible in all operating states by means of engine measures, the temperature increase is achieved by means of fuel, for example diesel, which is injected into the exhaust tract via an injection valve.
  • the injected fuel reaches an oxidation catalyst, which is arranged in front of the particle filter.
  • the reaching into the oxidation catalyst fuel is oxidized or burned and leads to an exhaust gas temperature increase, so that correspondingly hot exhaust gases reach the downstream particle filter and cause the regeneration there.
  • An injection system has at least two modules and at least one pressure compensation volume.
  • the pressure compensation volume is designed to supply fluid to at least one of the modules and connects at least two of the modules hydraulically with each other.
  • Each of the modules has an inlet for receiving fluid and at least one injection unit configured to inject fluid into the exhaust tract.
  • the injection system according to the invention is easily adaptable to multi-flow exhaust systems and different quantity requirements of the fluid to be injected.
  • the injection system according to the invention is easily adaptable to multi-flow exhaust systems and different quantity requirements of the fluid to be injected.
  • by adding additional modules arbitrarily large amounts of fluid can be injected.
  • the pressure equalization volume provided according to the invention dampens the transmission of pressure oscillations between the individual modules. This ensures that essentially constant pressure conditions are present on each module. This enables an exact injection of a given amount of fluid.
  • the first module has a metering unit for metering the fluid.
  • the metering unit has a shut-off valve for switching off the fluid supply and a metering valve for metering the fluid.
  • an output of the shut-off valve is hydraulically connected to an input of the metering valve.
  • the inlets of the modules are hydraulically connected to a common fluid supply.
  • the common fluid supply is at least partially designed as a pressure equalization volume.
  • An at least partially designed as a pressure compensation volume fluid supply provides the necessary pressure decoupling between the modules.
  • a correspondingly large volume can be designed, for example, like a rail used in common-rail technology, so that it is possible to fall back on the experience known from common-rail technology.
  • the inlet of the second module via the pressure equalization volume is hydraulically connected to the output of the shut-off valve of the first module.
  • the fluid supply of the entire injection system can be switched off by the shut-off valve of the first module. This eliminates the need for a shut-off valve in the additional modules to reduce the cost of these modules.
  • the inlet of a third module is hydraulically connected to the pressure compensation volume, so that the pressure compensation volume is used in common for the second, third and possibly further modules and regardless of the number of modules used only a single pressure compensation volume is provided , By using only a single pressure compensation volume, the cost of the injection system can be kept low.
  • the inlet of the third module via a second pressure equalization volume is hydraulically connected to the output of the shut-off valve of the second module. Due to the fact that in this embodiment each module is coupled in each case via its own pressure compensation volume to a preceding module, the individual pressure compensation volumes can be smaller than a common pressure compensation volume. By using several small pressure compensation volumes, the injection system can be flexibly adapted to the available space and the installation of the injection system is simplified.
  • At least one metering device is provided for metering the fluid.
  • the pressure compensation volume can be filled by the metering device with fluid.
  • the common pressure compensation volume can be filled with fluid by a metering device.
  • a valve in particular a check valve, is arranged between the pressure compensation volume and each module.
  • the individual modules are hydraulically decoupled from each other.
  • the pressure compensation volume can be made smaller and the reliability of the injection system is improved, since harmful interactions between the individual modules are reliably prevented.
  • a second metering device which supplies a second pressure compensation volume with fluid, is hydraulically connected to the first metering device via a third pressure compensation volume.
  • An injection system with such a structure can be expanded as desired, in particular, the injection system can be constructed so that even large amounts of fluid can be injected into multiple exhaust tracts.
  • the injection units for injecting fluid are formed upstream of a catalyst disposed in the exhaust tract. This will cause catalytic combustion of the injected fluid and thus achieves a particularly effective regeneration of the filter arranged in the exhaust tract.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention with three metering units connected in series.
  • Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which the metering units are connected to each other via a common pressure equalization volume.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the second exemplary embodiment with two simplified metering units.
  • Figure 4 shows a third embodiment in which all three metering units are supplied via a common pressure equalization volume with fluid.
  • Figure 5 shows schematically an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system and a fourth embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which a common pressure equalization volume is fed by a single metering unit.
  • Figure 6 shows a combination of the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 5.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention with a first module which has a first metering unit 10 and a first injection unit 40.
  • the first dosing unit 10 has a shut-off valve 12, by which a fuel flow supplied by a fuel supply 8 can be switched on and off.
  • a first pressure sensor 16 is arranged on a fuel line 19 in the first dosing unit 10 in order to control the pressure of the inflowing fuel to eat.
  • a metering valve 14 is arranged, which is designed to meter the desired injection quantity.
  • a second pressure sensor 18 is provided at the outlet of the metering valve 14.
  • An output of the first metering unit 10 is hydraulically connected to an input of the first injection unit 40.
  • the injection unit 40 has, in addition to an injection valve 42, a cooling adapter and a metal seal, which are not shown in the schematic representation of FIG.
  • the injection valve 42 is arranged at an exhaust tract, also not shown, upstream of a catalytic converter, to inject fuel into the exhaust gas tract.
  • the injected fuel is catalytically burned in the catalyst. This raises the temperature around the exhaust tract so that deposits deposited in a particulate filter located downstream of the catalyst are burned and the filter is regenerated.
  • a first pressure compensation volume 44 which is filled with open shut-off valve 12 with fuel from the fuel supply line 8.
  • Pressure compensation volume 44 is connected to the input of a dosing unit 20 of a second module, which has the second dosing unit 20 and a second injection unit 50.
  • the shut-off valve 12 of the first dosing unit 10 is open, the dosing unit 20 of the second module is supplied with fuel from the fuel supply 8 via the first pressure compensation volume 44.
  • the second metering unit 20 supplies the associated second injection unit 50 with a metered quantity of fuel.
  • the second module with the second metering unit 20 and the second injection unit 50 is identical in construction to the first module with the first metering unit 10 and the first injection unit 40. Therefore, a detailed description of the structure will be omitted.
  • a second pressure equalization volume 54 is connected to a fuel line 29 and, when the shut-off valve 22 is open
  • the third module has a third injection unit 60, which is supplied by the metering unit 30 of the third module with fuel.
  • Dosing unit 30 via additional, not shown in the figure 1, pressure compensation volume, the injection system shown in Figure 1 is arbitrarily expandable.
  • each identical modules which include the metering units 10, 20, 30 and the injection units 40, 50, 60, and pressure equalization volume
  • an injection system according to the invention is particularly simple, flexible and inexpensive to produce. There are only three different components must be made from which arbitrarily large injection systems are composable. Characterized in that for the connection of each dosing unit 10, 20, 30 each have a separate pressure compensation volume 44, 54 is used, the individual pressure compensation volume 44, 54 have a small size and are easy and flexible to install.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention.
  • the metering units 10, 20, 30 and injection units 40, 50, 60 used in this embodiment are identical in construction to the units used in the first embodiment and will therefore not be described again.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that both the second metering unit 20 and at the pressure compensation volume 46, which is connected downstream of the shut-off valve 12 to the fuel line 19 of the first metering unit 10 the third metering unit 30 and possibly further, not shown in the figure 2 metering units are connected. Since only a single pressure compensation volume 46 is used in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to dispense with the production and installation of a plurality of pressure compensation volumes. The injection system is therefore simple and inexpensive to produce and assemble FIG. 3 shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, wherein the metering units 21, 31 connected to the pressure compensation volume 48 have no shut-off valve and only one pressure sensor 28, 38 which is arranged behind the respective metering valve 22, 34.
  • Dosing units 21, 31, which have no shut-off valve, are referred to as "SLAVE" - dosing units 21, 31 and are cheaper to produce than a so-called “MASTER” -Dosierussi 10, which in addition a shut-off valve 12 and a first pressure sensor 16 between the shut-off valve 12th and the metering valve 14.
  • the fuel supply in this embodiment can be switched off for the entire injection system by closing the shut-off valve 12 in the first, "MASTER" -dosing unit 10.
  • Figure 4 shows a third embodiment with three "MASTER” -Dosierillonen 10, 20, 30, which are identical in construction with the metering units of the first embodiment and connected to a common fuel supply 54.
  • the common fuel supply 54 (“common RaN”) is at least partially designed as a pressure equalization volume.
  • components and experiences from the common rail technology can be used, so that this exemplary embodiment can be implemented in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the metering units are designed as "SLAVE" -Dosierüen without shut-off and a central shut-off valve is formed in the supply line, not shown, to the common fuel supply 54.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which the individual modules each comprise an injection unit 40, 50, 60, 70 and are supplied via a common pressure equalization volume 58 from a common metering unit 10 with fuel.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows an internal combustion engine 72 with six cylinders and two exhaust gas lines 82, 84.
  • a particulate filter 76 is arranged in each case, which is designed to remove particles from the
  • each of the exhaust lines 82, 84 is between the Combustion engine 72 and the respective particulate filter 76 each an oxidation onskatalysator 74 arranged.
  • a total of four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 are arranged on the exhaust gas lines 82, 84 in order to inject the metered by the metering unit 10 fuel upstream of the oxidation catalysts 74 in the respective exhaust gas tract 82, 84.
  • the injected fuel is catalytically burned in the oxidation catalysts 74.
  • the temperature in the exhaust gas lines 82, 84 is increased to such an extent that soot, which has deposited in the particle filters 76, burns and the particle filters 76 are regenerated.
  • the exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 has a dosing unit 10 known from the first exemplary embodiment, which is supplied with fuel via a fuel supply 8.
  • the metering unit 10 feeds a quantity of fuel dosed by the metering unit 14 into a common pressure compensation volume 58, which is hydraulically connected to four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70.
  • the four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 can be supplied with fuel from the pressure compensation volume 58.
  • the injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 are identical in construction to the injection units 40 described in connection with the previous exemplary embodiments.
  • Each of the four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 is connected to the pressure compensation volume 58 via its own fuel line 49, 59, 69, 79.
  • each of the fuel lines 49, 59, 69, 79 is between the pressure equalization volume 58 and the respective injection unit 40, 50, 60, 70 each have a check valve 64, 65, 66, 67 are provided.
  • the check valve 64, 65, 66, 67 prevents backflow of fuel from the injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 into the pressure compensating volume 58.
  • the injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 are thus hydraulically decoupled from each other.
  • the exemplary embodiment of an injection system shown in FIG. 5 has only a single metering unit 10 and a single pressure compensation volume 58. It is therefore particularly inexpensive to produce and has only a small space requirement. - io -
  • Figure 6 shows another embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which the first embodiment is combined with the fourth embodiment.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 6 has three metering units 10, 20, 30, for filling each of the respective metering unit 10, 20, 30 associated pressure compensation volume 56, 57, 58 with a metered amount of fuel.
  • Three injection units 40, 50, 60, 41, 51, 61, 43, 53, 63 are connected to each of the pressure compensation volumes 56, 57, 58, which are identical in construction to the injection units 40, 50 described in connection with the previously described exemplary embodiments , 60 and in particular each have an injector not shown in the figure 7 for injecting the metered from the metering units 10, 20, 30 fuel into a not shown exhaust tract.
  • the first metering unit 10 is supplied with fuel by a fuel inlet 8.
  • the second dosing unit 20 is connected to the first dosing unit 10 via a pressure compensation volume 44 which is connected behind the shut-off valve 12 to the fuel line 19 of the first dosing unit 10 and is supplied with fuel via this pressure compensation volume 44.
  • the second metering unit 30 is connected via a second pressure compensation volume 54, which is connected behind the shut-off valve 12 to the fuel line 12 of the second metering unit 20, with the first metering unit 20 and is supplied via the second pressure equalization volume 54 with fuel.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 6 combines the advantages of the first embodiment ( Figure 1) with the advantages of the fourth embodiment ( Figure 6).
  • the two-stage modular design of this embodiment makes it possible to adapt the injection system particularly flexibly to any exhaust system and, in particular, to inject large quantities of fuel into particularly large exhaust systems with a plurality of exhaust gas lines.
  • the construction shown in FIG. 6 with three metering units 10, 20, 30, each of which supplies fuel to three injection units 40, 50, 60, 41, 51, 61, 43, 53, 63, is only an example.
  • Each of the metering units 10, 20, 30 may have any larger or smaller number of injection units 40, 50, 60, 41, 51, 61, 43,
  • any number of metering units 10, 20, 30 may be combined to provide an injection system of the desired size.
  • the additional metering units 20, 30 are connected to the first metering unit 10 via a common pressure compensation volume according to the second exemplary embodiment.
  • the additional metering units 20, 30 may also be designed as "SLAVE" metering units 21, 31 without their own shut-off valve 22, 32, in order to keep the costs for the injection system low.
  • all three metering units 10, 20, 30 can be connected via a common fuel supply, which according to the third embodiment is at least partially designed as a pressure compensation volume.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an injection system for injecting a fluid into a filter provided in an exhaust system, comprising at least two modules and at least one pressure compensation volume (44, 46, 48, 54, 56, 58), which is designed for feeding fluid to at least one of the modules and hydraulically connects at least two of the modules. Each module comprises at least one injection unit (40, 50, 60) designed for injecting fluid into the exhaust system.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
Einspritzsvstem zum Einspritzen von Fluid in einen AbqastraktInjection device for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einspritzsystem zum Einspritzen von Fluid in einen Abgastrakt.The invention relates to an injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract.
Es ist bekannt, in einem Abgassystem eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Fahrzeugs einen Partikelfilter zu installieren. Handelt es sich bei dem Verbrennungs- motor beispielsweise um einen Dieselmotor, so wirkt der Partikelfilter beispielsweise als Rußfilter und senkt aufgrund seiner Filterwirkung die Feinstaubbelastung. Um zu verhindern, dass sich nach einer bestimmten Einsatzdauer der Filter zusetzt, ist es erforderlich, den Filter von Zeit zu Zeit zu regenerieren. Die Regeneration erfolgt durch Temperaturerhöhung beispielsweise auf rund 600 Grad Celsius, wodurch die Partikel, insbesondere Rußpartikel, verbrennen. Da dies nicht in allen Betriebszuständen durch motorische Maßnahmen möglich ist, wird die Temperaturerhöhung durch Kraftstoff, zum Beispiel Diesel, erzielt, der über ein Einspritzventil in den Abgastrakt eingespritzt wird. Der eingespritzte Kraftstoff gelangt zu einem Oxidationskatalysator, der vor dem Partikelfilter angeordnet ist. Der in den Oxidationskatalysator gelangende Kraftstoff wird oxidiert bzw. verbrannt und führt zu einer Abgastemperaturerhöhung, so dass entsprechend heiße Abgase zum nachgeschalteten Partikelfilter gelangen und dort die Regeneration bewirken.It is known to install a particulate filter in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. For example, if the combustion engine is a diesel engine, the particulate filter acts, for example, as a soot filter and, due to its filtering effect, lowers the particulate matter load. In order to prevent the filter from becoming clogged after a certain period of use, it is necessary to regenerate the filter from time to time. The regeneration is carried out by increasing the temperature, for example, to about 600 degrees Celsius, whereby the particles, especially soot particles, burn. Since this is not possible in all operating states by means of engine measures, the temperature increase is achieved by means of fuel, for example diesel, which is injected into the exhaust tract via an injection valve. The injected fuel reaches an oxidation catalyst, which is arranged in front of the particle filter. The reaching into the oxidation catalyst fuel is oxidized or burned and leads to an exhaust gas temperature increase, so that correspondingly hot exhaust gases reach the downstream particle filter and cause the regeneration there.
Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters werden z.B. in DE 10 2005 034 704 A1 , DE 10 2006 062 491 A1 und DE 10 2006 057 425 A1 beschrieben.Methods and apparatus for regeneration of a particulate filter are described e.g. DE 10 2005 034 704 A1, DE 10 2006 062 491 A1 and DE 10 2006 057 425 A1.
Die bisher bekannten Systeme zum Einspritzen von Fluid in einen Abgastrakt sind nur für einen einzigen Abgastrakt einsetzbar und lassen keine beliebigeThe previously known systems for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract can only be used for a single exhaust tract and leave no arbitrary
Steigerung der eingespritzten Fluidmenge zu. Offenbarung der ErfindungIncrease of the injected amount of fluid to. Disclosure of the invention
Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine verbessertes System zum Einspritzen ei- nes Fluids in einen Abgastrakt bereitzustellen, das einfach an Abgas-Systeme mit mehreren Abgassträngen anpassbar ist und das Einspritzen beliebig großer Fluidmengen ermöglicht.It is an object of the invention to provide an improved system for injecting a fluid into an exhaust tract that is easily adaptable to exhaust systems having multiple exhaust trains and allows for the injection of arbitrarily large quantities of fluid.
Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Einspritzsystem nach dem unabhängigen Patentan- spruch 1 gelöst. Die abhängigen Patentansprüche beschreiben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystem nach dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1.The object is achieved by an injection system according to the independent patent claim 1. The dependent claims describe advantageous embodiments of the injection system according to the invention according to the independent claim. 1
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzsystem hat wenigstens zwei Module und we- nigstens ein Druckausgleichsvolumen. Das Druckausgleichsvolumen ist zum Zuführen von Fluid zu wenigstens einem der Module ausgebildet und verbindet wenigstens zwei der Module hydraulisch miteinander. Jedes der Module hat einen Zulauf zur Aufnahme von Fluid und wenigstens eine Einspritzeinheit, die zum Einspritzen von Fluid in den Abgastrakt ausgebildet ist.An injection system according to the invention has at least two modules and at least one pressure compensation volume. The pressure compensation volume is designed to supply fluid to at least one of the modules and connects at least two of the modules hydraulically with each other. Each of the modules has an inlet for receiving fluid and at least one injection unit configured to inject fluid into the exhaust tract.
Durch den modularen Aufbau ist das erfindungsgemäße Einspritzsystem einfach an mehrflutige Abgassysteme und unterschiedliche Mengenanforderungen des einzuspritzenden Fluids anpassbar. Insbesondere sind durch das Hinzufügen zusätzlicher Module beliebig große Fluidmengen einspritzbar.Due to the modular structure, the injection system according to the invention is easily adaptable to multi-flow exhaust systems and different quantity requirements of the fluid to be injected. In particular, by adding additional modules arbitrarily large amounts of fluid can be injected.
Das erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Druckausgleichsvolumen dämpft die Übertragung von Druckschwingungen zwischen den einzelnen Modulen. So ist sichergestellt, dass an jedem Modul im Wesentlichen konstante Druckbedingungen vorliegen. Dies ermöglicht ein exaktes Einspritzen einer vorgegebenen FIu- idmenge.The pressure equalization volume provided according to the invention dampens the transmission of pressure oscillations between the individual modules. This ensures that essentially constant pressure conditions are present on each module. This enables an exact injection of a given amount of fluid.
In einer Ausführungsform weist zumindest das erste Modul eine Dosiereinheit zum Dosieren des Fluids auf. Durch eine solche Dosiereinheit kann die gewünschte Einspritzmenge exakt festgelegt werden. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist die Dosiereinheit ein Abschaltventil zum Abschalten der Fluidzufuhr und ein Dosierventil zum Dosieren des Fluids auf. Dabei ist ein Ausgang des Abschaltventils hydraulisch mit einem Eingang des Dosierventils verbunden. Ein solcher Aufbau einer Dosiereinheit mit einem Ab- schaltventil und einem Dosierventil, die in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet sind, ermöglicht einerseits ein zuverlässiges Abschalten der Fluidzufuhr und andererseits eine genaue Dosierung der gewünschten Einspritzmenge. Dadurch, dass die Fluidzufuhr durch das Abschaltventil unabhängig von dem Dosierventil abschaltbar ist, kann auch bei einer Fehlfunktion des Dosierventils ein unkontrollier- tes Austreten von Fluid zuverlässig verhindert werden. Die Sicherheit des Einspritzsystems wird so erhöht.In one embodiment, at least the first module has a metering unit for metering the fluid. By such a metering unit, the desired injection quantity can be set exactly. In a further embodiment, the metering unit has a shut-off valve for switching off the fluid supply and a metering valve for metering the fluid. In this case, an output of the shut-off valve is hydraulically connected to an input of the metering valve. Such a construction of a metering unit with a shut-off valve and a metering valve, which are arranged in series one after the other, allows on the one hand a reliable switching off of the fluid supply and on the other hand a precise metering of the desired injection quantity. Because the fluid supply through the shut-off valve can be switched off independently of the metering valve, uncontrolled leakage of fluid can be reliably prevented even in the event of a malfunction of the metering valve. The safety of the injection system is increased.
In einer Ausführungsform sind die Zuläufe der Module hydraulisch mit einer gemeinsamen Fluidzufuhr verbunden. Dabei ist die gemeinsame Fluidzufuhr we- nigstens teilweise als Druckausgleichsvolumen ausgebildet. Eine wenigstens teilweise als Druckausgleichsvolumen ausgebildete Fluidzufuhr sorgt für die notwendige Druckentkopplung zwischen den Modulen. Ein entsprechend großes Volumen kann beispielsweise wie ein in der Common-Rail-Technik eingesetztes Rail ausgebildet sein, so dass auf die aus der Common-Rail-Technik bekannten Erfahrungen zurückgegriffen werden kann.In one embodiment, the inlets of the modules are hydraulically connected to a common fluid supply. The common fluid supply is at least partially designed as a pressure equalization volume. An at least partially designed as a pressure compensation volume fluid supply provides the necessary pressure decoupling between the modules. A correspondingly large volume can be designed, for example, like a rail used in common-rail technology, so that it is possible to fall back on the experience known from common-rail technology.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist der Zulauf des zweiten Moduls über das Druckausgleichsvolumen hydraulisch mit dem Ausgang des Abschaltventils des ersten Moduls verbunden. In dieser Ausführungsform ist die Fluidzufuhr des ge- samten Einspritzsystems durch das Abschaltventil des ersten Moduls abschaltbar. Dadurch kann in den zusätzlichen Modulen auf ein Abschaltventil verzichtet werden, um die Kosten dieser Module zu senken.In an alternative embodiment, the inlet of the second module via the pressure equalization volume is hydraulically connected to the output of the shut-off valve of the first module. In this embodiment, the fluid supply of the entire injection system can be switched off by the shut-off valve of the first module. This eliminates the need for a shut-off valve in the additional modules to reduce the cost of these modules.
In einer Variante dieser Ausführungsform ist der Zulauf eines dritten Moduls hyd- raulisch mit dem Druckausgleichsvolumen verbunden, sodass das Druckausgleichsvolumen gemeinsam für das zweite, dritte und ggf. für weitere Module verwendet wird und unabhängig von der Anzahl der verwendeten Module nur ein einziges Druckausgleichsvolumen vorgesehen ist. Durch die Verwendung nur eines einzigen Druckausgleichsvolumens können die Kosten des Einspritzsystems gering gehalten werden. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist der Zulauf des dritten Moduls über ein zweites Druckausgleichsvolumen hydraulisch mit dem Ausgang des Abschaltventils des zweiten Moduls verbunden. Dadurch, dass in dieser Ausführungsform jedes Modul jeweils über ein eigenes Druckausgleichsvolumen mit einem voran- gehenden Modul gekoppelt ist, können die einzelnen Druckausgleichsvolumen kleiner als ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen ausgebildet sein. Durch die Verwendung mehrerer kleiner Druckausgleichsvolumen kann das Einspritzsystem flexibel an den zur Verfügung stehenden Raum angepasst werden und die Installation des Einspritzsystems wird vereinfacht.In a variant of this embodiment, the inlet of a third module is hydraulically connected to the pressure compensation volume, so that the pressure compensation volume is used in common for the second, third and possibly further modules and regardless of the number of modules used only a single pressure compensation volume is provided , By using only a single pressure compensation volume, the cost of the injection system can be kept low. In an alternative embodiment, the inlet of the third module via a second pressure equalization volume is hydraulically connected to the output of the shut-off valve of the second module. Due to the fact that in this embodiment each module is coupled in each case via its own pressure compensation volume to a preceding module, the individual pressure compensation volumes can be smaller than a common pressure compensation volume. By using several small pressure compensation volumes, the injection system can be flexibly adapted to the available space and the installation of the injection system is simplified.
In einer Ausführungsform ist wenigstens eine Dosiereinrichtung zum Dosieren des Fluids vorgesehen. Dabei ist das Druckausgleichsvolumen durch die Dosiereinrichtung mit Fluid befüllbar. In einem Einspritzsystem, in dem das gemeinsame Druckausgleichsvolumen durch eine Dosiereinrichtung mit Fluid befüllbar ist, ist nur eine einzige Dosiereinrichtung erforderlich. Dadurch können die Kosten des Einspritzsystems weiter verringert werden.In one embodiment, at least one metering device is provided for metering the fluid. In this case, the pressure compensation volume can be filled by the metering device with fluid. In an injection system in which the common pressure compensation volume can be filled with fluid by a metering device, only a single metering device is required. As a result, the cost of the injection system can be further reduced.
In einer Ausführungsform ist zwischen dem Druckausgleichsvolumen und jedem Modul ein Ventil, insbesondere ein Rückschlagventil angeordnet. Durch ein sol- ches Ventil werden die einzelnen Module hydraulisch voneinander entkoppelt.In one embodiment, a valve, in particular a check valve, is arranged between the pressure compensation volume and each module. By means of such a valve, the individual modules are hydraulically decoupled from each other.
Sind die Module hydraulisch voneinander entkoppelt, kann das Druckausgleichsvolumen kleiner ausgebildet sein und die Betriebssicherheit des Einspritzsystems wird verbessert, da schädliche Wechselwirkungen zwischen den einzelnen Modulen zuverlässig verhindert werden.If the modules are hydraulically decoupled from one another, the pressure compensation volume can be made smaller and the reliability of the injection system is improved, since harmful interactions between the individual modules are reliably prevented.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist eine zweite Dosiereinrichtung, die ein zweites Druckausgleichsvolumen mit Fluid versorgt, über ein drittes Druckausgleichsvolumen hydraulisch mit der ersten Dosiereinrichtung verbunden. Ein Einspritzsystem mit einem solchen Aufbau ist beliebig erweiterbar, insbesondere kann das Einspritzsystem so aufgebaut werden, dass auch große Fluidmengen in mehrere Abgastrakte einspritzbar sind.In a further embodiment, a second metering device, which supplies a second pressure compensation volume with fluid, is hydraulically connected to the first metering device via a third pressure compensation volume. An injection system with such a structure can be expanded as desired, in particular, the injection system can be constructed so that even large amounts of fluid can be injected into multiple exhaust tracts.
In einer Ausführungsform sind die Einspritzeinheiten zum Einspritzen von Fluid stromaufwärts eines in dem Abgastrakt angeordneten Katalysators ausgebildet. Dadurch wird eine katalytische Verbrennung des eingespritzten Fluids und somit eine besonders effektive Regeneration des in dem Abgastrakt angeordneten Filters erreicht.In one embodiment, the injection units for injecting fluid are formed upstream of a catalyst disposed in the exhaust tract. This will cause catalytic combustion of the injected fluid and thus achieves a particularly effective regeneration of the filter arranged in the exhaust tract.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der in den beigefügten Figuren gezeig- ten Systeme zum Einspritzen von fluidem Kraftstoff in einen Abgastrakt näher erläutert. Die Erfindung ist aber auch auf Systeme zum Einspritzen anderer Fluide, wie z.B. Harnstoff, anwendbar.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the systems shown in the attached figures for injecting fluid fuel into an exhaust gas tract. However, the invention is also applicable to systems for injecting other fluids, e.g. Urea, applicable.
Figur 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Ein- spritzsystems mit drei in Reihe geschalteten Dosiereinheiten.FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention with three metering units connected in series.
Figur 2 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystems, bei dem die Dosiereinheiten über ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen miteinander verbunden sind.Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which the metering units are connected to each other via a common pressure equalization volume.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Variante des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels mit zwei vereinfachten Dosiereinheiten.FIG. 3 shows a variant of the second exemplary embodiment with two simplified metering units.
Figur 4 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem alle drei Dosiereinheiten über ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen mit Fluid versorgt werden.Figure 4 shows a third embodiment in which all three metering units are supplied via a common pressure equalization volume with fluid.
Figur 5 zeigt schematisch einen Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Abgassystem und einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystem, bei dem ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen durch eine einzige Dosier- einheit gespeist wird.Figure 5 shows schematically an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system and a fourth embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which a common pressure equalization volume is fed by a single metering unit.
Figur 6 zeigt eine Kombination der in den Figuren 1 und 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele.Figure 6 shows a combination of the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 5.
Figur 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystems mit einem ersten Modul, das eine ersten Dosiereinheit 10 und einer ersten Einspritzeinheit 40 aufweist. Die erste Dosiereinheit 10 hat ein Abschaltventil 12, durch das ein durch eine Kraftstoffzufuhr 8 zugeführter Kraftstoffstrom ein- und abschaltbar ist. Am Ausgang, d.h. in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Ab- schaltventil 12 ist an einer Kraftstoffleitung 19 in der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 ein erster Drucksensor 16 angeordnet, um den Druck des einströmenden Kraftstoffs zu messen. In Strömungsrichtung hinter dem ersten Drucksensor 16 ist ein Dosierventil 14 angeordnet, das ausgebildet ist, um die gewünschte Einspritzmenge zu dosieren. Am Ausgang des Dosierventils 14 ist ein zweiter Drucksensor 18 vorgesehen, um den Kraftstoffdruck am Ausgang des Dosierventils 14 zu mes- sen. Ein Ausgang der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 ist hydraulisch mit einem Eingang der ersten Einspritzeinheit 40 verbunden. Die Einspritzeinheit 40 weist neben einem Einspritzventil 42 einen Kühladapter und eine Metalldichtung auf, die in der schematischen Darstellung der Figur 1 nicht gezeigt sind.FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention with a first module which has a first metering unit 10 and a first injection unit 40. The first dosing unit 10 has a shut-off valve 12, by which a fuel flow supplied by a fuel supply 8 can be switched on and off. At the outlet, ie in the flow direction behind the shut-off valve 12, a first pressure sensor 16 is arranged on a fuel line 19 in the first dosing unit 10 in order to control the pressure of the inflowing fuel to eat. In the flow direction behind the first pressure sensor 16, a metering valve 14 is arranged, which is designed to meter the desired injection quantity. At the outlet of the metering valve 14, a second pressure sensor 18 is provided in order to measure the fuel pressure at the outlet of the metering valve 14. An output of the first metering unit 10 is hydraulically connected to an input of the first injection unit 40. The injection unit 40 has, in addition to an injection valve 42, a cooling adapter and a metal seal, which are not shown in the schematic representation of FIG.
Das Einspritzventil 42 ist an einem ebenfalls nicht gezeigten Abgastrakt stromaufwärts eines Katalysators angeordnet, im Kraftstoff in den Abgastrakt einzuspritzen. Der eingespritzte Kraftstoff wird in dem Katalysator katalytisch verbrannt. Dadurch erhöht sich die Temperatur um Abgastrakt, so dass Ablagerungen, die sich in einem stromabwärts des Katalysators angeordneten Partikelfilter abgelagert haben, verbrannt werden und der Filter regeneriert wird.The injection valve 42 is arranged at an exhaust tract, also not shown, upstream of a catalytic converter, to inject fuel into the exhaust gas tract. The injected fuel is catalytically burned in the catalyst. This raises the temperature around the exhaust tract so that deposits deposited in a particulate filter located downstream of the catalyst are burned and the filter is regenerated.
An die Kraftstoffleitung 19 ist zwischen dem Ausgang des Abschaltventils 12 und dem ersten Drucksensor 16 der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 hydraulisch ein erstes Druckausgleichsvolumen 44 angeschlossen, das bei geöffnetem Abschaltventil 12 mit Kraftstoff aus der Kraftstoffzuleitung 8 gefüllt wird. Ein Ausgang des erstenTo the fuel line 19 is hydraulically connected between the output of the shut-off valve 12 and the first pressure sensor 16 of the first metering unit 10, a first pressure compensation volume 44, which is filled with open shut-off valve 12 with fuel from the fuel supply line 8. An exit of the first
Druckausgleichsvolumens 44 ist mit dem Eingang einer Dosiereinheit 20 eines zweiten Moduls, das die zweite Dosiereinheit 20 und eine zweite Einspritzeinheit 50 aufweist, verbunden. Somit wird bei geöffnetem Abschaltventil 12 der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 die Dosiereinheit 20 des zweiten Moduls über das erste Druck- ausgleichsvolumen 44 mit Kraftstoff aus der Kraftstoffzufuhr 8 versorgt.Pressure compensation volume 44 is connected to the input of a dosing unit 20 of a second module, which has the second dosing unit 20 and a second injection unit 50. Thus, when the shut-off valve 12 of the first dosing unit 10 is open, the dosing unit 20 of the second module is supplied with fuel from the fuel supply 8 via the first pressure compensation volume 44.
Die zweite Dosiereinheit 20 versorgt die zugehörige zweite Einspritzeinheit 50 mit einer dosierten Kraftstoffmenge. Das zweite Modul mit der zweiten Dosiereinheit 20 und der zweite Einspritzeinheit 50 ist baugleich mit dem ersten Modul mit der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 und der ersten Einspritzeinheit 40. Daher wird auf eine erneute ausführliche Beschreibung des Aufbaus verzichtet.The second metering unit 20 supplies the associated second injection unit 50 with a metered quantity of fuel. The second module with the second metering unit 20 and the second injection unit 50 is identical in construction to the first module with the first metering unit 10 and the first injection unit 40. Therefore, a detailed description of the structure will be omitted.
Zwischen dem Abschaltventil 22 und dem ersten Drucksensor 26 der Dosiereinheit 20 des zweiten Moduls ist an eine Kraftstoffleitung 29 ein zweites Druckaus- gleichsvolumen 54 angeschlossen, das bei geöffnetem Abschaltventil 22 eineBetween the shut-off valve 22 and the first pressure sensor 26 of the dosing unit 20 of the second module, a second pressure equalization volume 54 is connected to a fuel line 29 and, when the shut-off valve 22 is open
Dosiereinheit 30 eines dritten Moduls mit Kraftstoff versorgt. Das dritte Modul weist eine dritte Einspritzeinheit 60 auf, die von der Dosiereinheit 30 des dritten Moduls mit Kraftstoff versorgt wird.Metering unit 30 of a third module supplied with fuel. The third module has a third injection unit 60, which is supplied by the metering unit 30 of the third module with fuel.
Durch den Anschluss weiterer, in der Figur 1 nicht gezeigten Dosiereinheiten mit jeweils einer weiteren Einspritzeinheit an die Kraftstoff leitung 39 in der drittenBy connecting further, not shown in the figure 1 metering units, each with a further injection unit to the fuel line 39 in the third
Dosiereinheit 30 über zusätzliche, in der Figur 1 nicht gezeigte, Druckausgleichsvolumen ist das in der Figur 1 gezeigte Einspritzsystem beliebig erweiterbar.Dosing unit 30 via additional, not shown in the figure 1, pressure compensation volume, the injection system shown in Figure 1 is arbitrarily expandable.
Dadurch, dass jeweils baugleiche Module, welche die Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30 und die Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60 umfassen, und DruckausgleichsvolumenCharacterized in that each identical modules, which include the metering units 10, 20, 30 and the injection units 40, 50, 60, and pressure equalization volume
44, 54 verwendet werden, ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzsystem besonders einfach, flexibel und kostengünstig herstellbar. Es müssen nur drei verschiedene Bauelemente hergestellt werden, aus denen beliebig großen Einspritzsysteme zusammensetzbar sind. Dadurch, dass für den Anschluss jeder Dosiereinheit 10, 20, 30 jeweils ein separates Druckausgleichsvolumen 44, 54 verwendet wird, können die einzelnen Druckausgleichsvolumen 44, 54 eine geringe Größe haben und sind einfach und flexibel montierbar.44, 54 used, an injection system according to the invention is particularly simple, flexible and inexpensive to produce. There are only three different components must be made from which arbitrarily large injection systems are composable. Characterized in that for the connection of each dosing unit 10, 20, 30 each have a separate pressure compensation volume 44, 54 is used, the individual pressure compensation volume 44, 54 have a small size and are easy and flexible to install.
Figur 2 zeigt ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Ein- spritzsystems.FIG. 2 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention.
Die in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel verwendeten Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30 und Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60 sind baugleich mit den im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel verwendeten Einheiten und werden daher nicht erneut beschrieben.The metering units 10, 20, 30 and injection units 40, 50, 60 used in this embodiment are identical in construction to the units used in the first embodiment and will therefore not be described again.
Das in der Figur 2 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem in der Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, dass an dem Druckausgleichsvolumen 46, das stromabwärts des Abschaltventils 12 an der Kraftstoffleitung 19 der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 angeschlossen ist, sowohl die zweite Dosier- einheit 20 als auch die dritte Dosiereinheit 30 und ggf. weitere, in der Figur 2 nicht gezeigte Dosiereinheiten angeschlossen sind. Da in dem in der Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel nur ein einziges Druckausgleichsvolumen 46 verwendet wird, kann auf die Herstellung und Montage mehrerer Druckausgleichsvolumen verzichtet werden. Das Einspritzsystem ist daher einfach und kosten- günstig herstellbar und montierbar Figur 3 zeigt eine Variante des in der Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels, wobei die an das Druckausgleichsvolumen 48 angeschlossenen Dosiereinheiten 21 , 31 kein Abschaltventil und jeweils nur einen Drucksensor 28, 38 aufweisen, der jeweils hinter dem jeweiligen Dosierventil 22, 34 angeordnet ist.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that both the second metering unit 20 and at the pressure compensation volume 46, which is connected downstream of the shut-off valve 12 to the fuel line 19 of the first metering unit 10 the third metering unit 30 and possibly further, not shown in the figure 2 metering units are connected. Since only a single pressure compensation volume 46 is used in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to dispense with the production and installation of a plurality of pressure compensation volumes. The injection system is therefore simple and inexpensive to produce and assemble FIG. 3 shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, wherein the metering units 21, 31 connected to the pressure compensation volume 48 have no shut-off valve and only one pressure sensor 28, 38 which is arranged behind the respective metering valve 22, 34.
Dosiereinheiten 21 , 31 , die kein Abschaltventil aufweisen, werden als "SLAVE"- Dosiereinheiten 21 , 31 bezeichnet und sind kostengünstiger herstellbar als eine so genannte "MASTER"-Dosiereinheit 10, die zusätzlich ein Abschaltventil 12 und einen ersten Drucksensor 16 zwischen dem Abschaltventil 12 und dem Do- sierventil 14 aufweist. Die Kraftstoffzufuhr ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel für das gesamte Einspritzsystem durch Schließen des Abschaltventils 12 in der ersten, "MASTER"-Dosiereinheit 10 abschaltbar.Dosing units 21, 31, which have no shut-off valve, are referred to as "SLAVE" - dosing units 21, 31 and are cheaper to produce than a so-called "MASTER" -Dosiereinheit 10, which in addition a shut-off valve 12 and a first pressure sensor 16 between the shut-off valve 12th and the metering valve 14. The fuel supply in this embodiment can be switched off for the entire injection system by closing the shut-off valve 12 in the first, "MASTER" -dosing unit 10.
Figur 4 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel mit drei "MASTER"-Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30, die baugleich mit den Dosiereinheiten des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels und an eine gemeinsame Kraftstoffzufuhr 54 angeschlossen sind. Die gemeinsame Kraftstoffzufuhr 54 ("Common-RaN") ist dabei zumindest teilweise als Druckausgleichsvolumen ausgebildet. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kann auf Bauteile und Erfahrungen aus der Common-Rail-Technik zurückgegriffen wer- den, so dass dieses Ausführungsbeispiel besonders einfach und kostengünstig realisierbar ist.Figure 4 shows a third embodiment with three "MASTER" -Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30, which are identical in construction with the metering units of the first embodiment and connected to a common fuel supply 54. The common fuel supply 54 ("common RaN") is at least partially designed as a pressure equalization volume. In this embodiment, components and experiences from the common rail technology can be used, so that this exemplary embodiment can be implemented in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
In einem alternativen, nicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Dosiereinheiten als "SLAVE"-Dosiereinheiten ohne Abschaltventil ausgebildet und ein zentra- les Abschaltventil ist in der nicht gezeigten Zuleitung zur gemeinsamen Kraftstoffzufuhr 54 ausgebildet.In an alternative, not shown embodiment, the metering units are designed as "SLAVE" -Dosiereinheiten without shut-off and a central shut-off valve is formed in the supply line, not shown, to the common fuel supply 54.
Figur 5 zeigt ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystems, bei dem die einzelnen Module jeweils eine Einspritzeinheit 40, 50, 60, 70 umfassen und über ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen 58 aus einer gemeinsamen Dosiereinheit 10 mit Kraftstoff versorgt werden.Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which the individual modules each comprise an injection unit 40, 50, 60, 70 and are supplied via a common pressure equalization volume 58 from a common metering unit 10 with fuel.
In der Figur 5 ist schematisch ein Verbrennungsmotor 72 mit sechs Zylindern und zwei Abgassträngen 82, 84 gezeigt. In jedem der Abgassträngen 82, 84 ist je- weils ein Partikelfilter 76 angeordnet, der ausgebildet ist, um Partikel aus demFIG. 5 schematically shows an internal combustion engine 72 with six cylinders and two exhaust gas lines 82, 84. In each of the exhaust lines 82, 84, a particulate filter 76 is arranged in each case, which is designed to remove particles from the
Abgasstrom zu filtern. In jedem der Abgassträngen 82, 84 ist zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 72 und dem jeweiligen Partikelfilter 76 jeweils ein Oxidati- onskatalysator 74 angeordnet.To filter exhaust gas flow. In each of the exhaust lines 82, 84 is between the Combustion engine 72 and the respective particulate filter 76 each an oxidation onskatalysator 74 arranged.
Insgesamt vier Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 sind an den Abgassträngen 82, 84 angeordnet, um den von der Dosiereinheit 10 dosierten Kraftstoff stromaufwärts der Oxidationskatalysatoren 74 in den jeweiligen Abgastrakt 82, 84 einzuspritzen. Der eingespritzte Kraftstoff wird in den Oxidationskatalysatoren 74 kata- lytisch verbrannt. Durch die Verbrennung wird die Temperatur in den Abgassträngen 82, 84 soweit erhöht, dass Ruß, der sich in den Partikelfiltern 76 abge- lagert hat, verbrennt und die Partikelfilter 76 regeneriert werden.A total of four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 are arranged on the exhaust gas lines 82, 84 in order to inject the metered by the metering unit 10 fuel upstream of the oxidation catalysts 74 in the respective exhaust gas tract 82, 84. The injected fuel is catalytically burned in the oxidation catalysts 74. As a result of the combustion, the temperature in the exhaust gas lines 82, 84 is increased to such an extent that soot, which has deposited in the particle filters 76, burns and the particle filters 76 are regenerated.
Das in der Figur 5 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystems weist eine aus dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel bekannte Dosiereinheit 10 auf, die über eine Kraftstoffzufuhr 8 mit Kraftstoff versorgt wird. Die Dosiereinheit 10 speist eine durch die Dosiereinheit 14 dosierte Kraftstoffmenge in ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen 58 ein, das hydraulisch mit vier Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 verbunden ist. Die vier Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 sind so mit Kraftstoff aus dem Druckausgleichsvolumen 58 versorgbar. Die Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 sind baugleich mit den im Zusammenhang mit den vorherigen Ausführungsbeispielen beschriebenen Einspritzeinheiten 40,The exemplary embodiment of an injection system according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 has a dosing unit 10 known from the first exemplary embodiment, which is supplied with fuel via a fuel supply 8. The metering unit 10 feeds a quantity of fuel dosed by the metering unit 14 into a common pressure compensation volume 58, which is hydraulically connected to four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70. The four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 can be supplied with fuel from the pressure compensation volume 58. The injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 are identical in construction to the injection units 40 described in connection with the previous exemplary embodiments.
50, 60 und werden daher nicht erneut beschrieben.50, 60 and will therefore not be described again.
Jede der vier Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 ist über eine eigene Kraftstoffleitung 49, 59, 69, 79 mit dem Druckausgleichsvolumen 58 verbunden. In jeder der Kraftstoff leitungen 49, 59, 69, 79 ist zwischen dem Druckausgleichsvolumen 58 und der jeweiligen Einspritzeinheit 40, 50, 60, 70 jeweils ein Rückschlagventil 64, 65, 66, 67 vorgesehen. Das Rückschlagventil 64, 65, 66, 67 verhindert einen Rückfluss von Kraftstoff aus den Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 in das Druckausgleichsvolumen 58. Die Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 70 sind so hydraulisch voneinander entkoppelt.Each of the four injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 is connected to the pressure compensation volume 58 via its own fuel line 49, 59, 69, 79. In each of the fuel lines 49, 59, 69, 79 is between the pressure equalization volume 58 and the respective injection unit 40, 50, 60, 70 each have a check valve 64, 65, 66, 67 are provided. The check valve 64, 65, 66, 67 prevents backflow of fuel from the injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 into the pressure compensating volume 58. The injection units 40, 50, 60, 70 are thus hydraulically decoupled from each other.
Das in Figur 5 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Einspritzsystems weist nur eine einzige Dosiereinheit 10 und ein einziges Druckausgleichsvolumen 58 auf. Es ist daher besonders kostengünstig herstellbar und hat nur einen geringen Platz- bedarf. - i o -The exemplary embodiment of an injection system shown in FIG. 5 has only a single metering unit 10 and a single pressure compensation volume 58. It is therefore particularly inexpensive to produce and has only a small space requirement. - io -
Figur 6 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzsystems, bei dem das erste Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel kombiniert ist.Figure 6 shows another embodiment of an injection system according to the invention, in which the first embodiment is combined with the fourth embodiment.
Das in Figur 6 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel hat drei Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30, zum Befüllen jeweils eines der jeweiligen Dosiereinheit 10, 20, 30 zugeordnetes Druckausgleichsvolumens 56, 57, 58 mit einer dosierten Kraftstoffmenge. An jedes der Druckausgleichsvolumen 56, 57, 58 sind jeweils drei Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 41 , 51 , 61 , 43, 53, 63 angeschlossen, die baugleich mit den im Zu- sammenhang mit den vorher beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen beschriebenen Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60 sind und die insbesondere jeweils über eine in der Figur 7 nicht gezeigte Einspritzdüse zum Einspritzen des von den Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30 dosierten Kraftstoffs in einen nicht gezeigten Abgastrakt verfügen.The embodiment shown in Figure 6 has three metering units 10, 20, 30, for filling each of the respective metering unit 10, 20, 30 associated pressure compensation volume 56, 57, 58 with a metered amount of fuel. Three injection units 40, 50, 60, 41, 51, 61, 43, 53, 63 are connected to each of the pressure compensation volumes 56, 57, 58, which are identical in construction to the injection units 40, 50 described in connection with the previously described exemplary embodiments , 60 and in particular each have an injector not shown in the figure 7 for injecting the metered from the metering units 10, 20, 30 fuel into a not shown exhaust tract.
Die erste Dosiereinheit 10 wird durch einem Kraftstoffzulauf 8 mit Kraftstoff versorgt.The first metering unit 10 is supplied with fuel by a fuel inlet 8.
Die zweite Dosiereinheit 20 ist analog dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel über ein Druckausgleichsvolumen 44, das hinter dem Abschaltventil 12 an die Kraftstoffleitung 19 der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 angeschlossen ist, mit der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 verbunden und wird über dieses Druckausgleichsvolumen 44 mit Kraftstoff versorgt.Analogously to the first embodiment, the second dosing unit 20 is connected to the first dosing unit 10 via a pressure compensation volume 44 which is connected behind the shut-off valve 12 to the fuel line 19 of the first dosing unit 10 and is supplied with fuel via this pressure compensation volume 44.
Die zweite Dosiereinheit 30 ist über ein zweites Druckausgleichsvolumen 54, das hinter dem Abschaltventil 12 an die Kraftstoff leitung 12 der zweiten Dosiereinheit 20 angeschlossen ist, mit der ersten Dosiereinheit 20 verbunden und wird über das zweite Druckausgleichsvolumen 54 mit Kraftstoff versorgt.The second metering unit 30 is connected via a second pressure compensation volume 54, which is connected behind the shut-off valve 12 to the fuel line 12 of the second metering unit 20, with the first metering unit 20 and is supplied via the second pressure equalization volume 54 with fuel.
Das in der Figur 6 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel verbindet die Vorteile des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels (Figur 1 ) mit den Vorteilen des vierten Ausführungsbeispiels (Figur 6). Insbesondere ermöglicht es der zweistufige modulare Aufbau dieses Ausführungsbeispiels, das Einspritzsystem besonders flexibel an ein beliebiges Abgassystem anzupassen und insbesondere große Kraftstoffmengen in besonders große Abgassysteme mit einer Vielzahl von Abgassträngen einzuspritzen. Der in der Figur 6 gezeigte Aufbau mit drei Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30, von denen jede drei Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 41 , 51 , 61 , 43, 53, 63 mit Kraftstoff versorgt, ist nur beispielhaft. Jede der Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30 kann eine beliebi- ge größere oder kleinere Zahl von Einspritzeinheiten 40, 50, 60, 41 , 51 , 61 , 43,The embodiment shown in Figure 6 combines the advantages of the first embodiment (Figure 1) with the advantages of the fourth embodiment (Figure 6). In particular, the two-stage modular design of this embodiment makes it possible to adapt the injection system particularly flexibly to any exhaust system and, in particular, to inject large quantities of fuel into particularly large exhaust systems with a plurality of exhaust gas lines. The construction shown in FIG. 6 with three metering units 10, 20, 30, each of which supplies fuel to three injection units 40, 50, 60, 41, 51, 61, 43, 53, 63, is only an example. Each of the metering units 10, 20, 30 may have any larger or smaller number of injection units 40, 50, 60, 41, 51, 61, 43,
53, 63 mit Kraftstoff versorgen. Ebenso kann eine beliebige Anzahl von Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30 kombiniert werden, um ein Einspritzsystem der gewünschten Größe bereitzustellen.53, 63 provide fuel. Likewise, any number of metering units 10, 20, 30 may be combined to provide an injection system of the desired size.
In alternativen, in den Figuren nicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen sind die zusätzlichen Dosiereinheiten 20, 30 über ein gemeinsames Druckausgleichsvolumen gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel mit der ersten Dosiereinheit 10 verbunden. Auch können die zusätzlichen Dosiereinheiten 20, 30 als "SLAVE"- Dosiereinheiten 21 , 31 ohne eigenes Absperrventil 22, 32 ausgebildet sein, um die Kosten für das Einspritzsystem gering zu halten.In alternative exemplary embodiments, which are not shown in the figures, the additional metering units 20, 30 are connected to the first metering unit 10 via a common pressure compensation volume according to the second exemplary embodiment. The additional metering units 20, 30 may also be designed as "SLAVE" metering units 21, 31 without their own shut-off valve 22, 32, in order to keep the costs for the injection system low.
Alternativ können auch alle drei Dosiereinheiten 10, 20, 30 über eine gemeinsame Kraftstoffzufuhr, die gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel wenigstens teilweise als Druckausgleichsvolumen ausgebildet ist, verbunden sein. Alternatively, all three metering units 10, 20, 30 can be connected via a common fuel supply, which according to the third embodiment is at least partially designed as a pressure compensation volume.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Einspritzsystem zum Einspritzen eines Fluids in einen Abgastrakt wobei das Einspritzsystem wenigstens zwei Module und wenigstens ein Druckausgleichsvolumen (44, 46, 48, 54, 56, 58), aufweist; wobei jedes Modul wenigstens eine Einspritzeinheit (40, 50, 60) umfasst, die zum Einspritzen des Fluids in den Abgastrakt ausgebildet ist und wobei das Druckausgleichsvolumen (44, 46, 48, 54, 56, 58) zum Zuführen des1 . An injection system for injecting a fluid into an exhaust tract, the injection system comprising at least two modules and at least one pressure compensation volume (44, 46, 48, 54, 56, 58); wherein each module comprises at least one injection unit (40, 50, 60) adapted to inject the fluid into the exhaust tract, and wherein the pressure compensation volume (44, 46, 48, 54, 56, 58) for supplying the
Fluids zu wenigstens einem der Module ausgebildet ist und wenigstens zwei der Module hydraulisch miteinander verbindet.Fluids is formed to at least one of the modules and hydraulically connects at least two of the modules.
2. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 1 , wobei zumindest das erste Modul ei- ne Dosiereinheit (10, 20, 30; 21 , 31 ) zum Dosieren des Fluids aufweist.2. Injection system according to claim 1, wherein at least the first module has a metering unit (10, 20, 30, 21, 31) for metering the fluid.
3. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Dosiereinheit (10, 20, 30) ein Abschaltventil (12, 22, 32) zum Abschalten der Fluidzufuhr und ein Dosierventil (14, 24, 34) zum Dosieren des Fluids aufweist und wobei ein Ausgang des Abschaltventils (12, 22, 32) hydraulisch mit einem Eingang des Dosierventils (14,3. Injection system according to claim 2, wherein the metering unit (10, 20, 30) has a shut-off valve (12, 22, 32) for switching off the fluid supply and a metering valve (14, 24, 34) for metering the fluid and wherein an output of the Shut-off valve (12, 22, 32) hydraulically with an input of the metering valve (14,
24, 34) verbunden ist.24, 34) is connected.
4. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei die Zuläufe der Module hydraulisch mit einer gemeinsamen Fluidzufuhr (54) verbunden sind und wobei die gemeinsame Fluidzufuhr (54) wenigstens teilweise als Druckausgleichsvolumen ausgebildet ist.4. Injection system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the inlets of the modules are hydraulically connected to a common fluid supply (54) and wherein the common fluid supply (54) is at least partially formed as a pressure equalization volume.
5. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Zulauf des zweiten Moduls über das Druckausgleichsvolumen (44, 46) hydraulisch mit dem Ausgang des Abschaltventils (12) des ersten Moduls verbunden ist.5. Injection system according to claim 3, wherein the inlet of the second module via the pressure equalization volume (44, 46) is hydraulically connected to the output of the shut-off valve (12) of the first module.
6. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 5 mit einem dritten Modul, wobei der Zulauf des dritten Moduls hydraulisch mit dem Druckausgleichsvolumen (46) verbunden ist. 6. Injection system according to claim 5 with a third module, wherein the inlet of the third module is hydraulically connected to the pressure compensating volume (46).
7. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 5 mit einem dritten Modul und einem zweiten Druckausgleichsvolumen (54), wobei der Zulauf des dritten Moduls über das zweites Druckausgleichsvolumen (54) hydraulisch mit dem Ausgang des Abschaltventils (22) des zweiten Moduls verbunden ist.7. Injection system according to claim 5 with a third module and a second pressure equalization volume (54), wherein the inlet of the third module via the second pressure equalization volume (54) is hydraulically connected to the output of the shut-off valve (22) of the second module.
8. Einspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, wobei nur das erste Modul ein Absperrventil (12) aufweist.8. Injection system according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein only the first module has a shut-off valve (12).
9. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 1 , mit wenigstens einer Dosiereinrichtung (10) zum Dosieren des Fluids, wobei das Druckausgleichsvolumen (56) durch die Dosiereinrichtung (10) mit Fluid befüllbar ist.9. Injection system according to claim 1, with at least one metering device (10) for metering the fluid, wherein the pressure compensation volume (56) through the metering device (10) can be filled with fluid.
10. Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Dosiereinrichtung (10) ein Abschaltventil (12) zum Abschalten der Fluidzufuhr und ein Dosierventil (14) zum10. Injection system according to claim 9, wherein the metering device (10) a shut-off valve (12) for switching off the fluid supply and a metering valve (14) for
Dosieren des Fluids aufweist.Dosing the fluid has.
1 1 . Einspritzsystem nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, wobei zwischen dem Druckausgleichsvolumen (56) und jeder Einspritzeinheit (40, 50, 60) ein Ventil (64, 66, 68), insbesondere ein Rückschlagventil, angeordnet ist.1 1. An injection system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein between the pressure equalization volume (56) and each injection unit (40, 50, 60) a valve (64, 66, 68), in particular a check valve, is arranged.
12. Einspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 1 1 , mit einer zweiten Dosiereinrichtung (20), wobei die zweite Dosiereinrichtung (20) über ein zusätzliches Druckausgleichsvolumen (44) hydraulisch mit der ersten Dosiereinrichtung (10) verbunden ist.12. Injection system according to one of claims 9 to 1 1, with a second metering device (20), wherein the second metering device (20) via an additional pressure compensation volume (44) is hydraulically connected to the first metering device (10).
13. Einspritzsystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Einspritzeinheit so ausgebildet ist, dass das Fluid stromaufwärts eines in dem Abgastrakt angeordneten Katalysators in den Abgastrakt einspritzbar ist. 13. Injection system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the injection unit is formed so that the fluid upstream of a catalyst disposed in the exhaust gas catalyst is injectable into the exhaust system.
EP10718125.7A 2009-06-25 2010-04-26 Injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust system Not-in-force EP2446125B1 (en)

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DE200910027182 DE102009027182A1 (en) 2009-06-25 2009-06-25 Injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract
PCT/EP2010/055491 WO2010149409A1 (en) 2009-06-25 2010-04-26 Injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust system

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US20120131910A1 (en) 2012-05-31
JP5809134B2 (en) 2015-11-10
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CN102459832B (en) 2015-11-25
EP2446125B1 (en) 2015-10-14

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