EP2375876B1 - Torche de coupage plasma - Google Patents

Torche de coupage plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2375876B1
EP2375876B1 EP11161876.5A EP11161876A EP2375876B1 EP 2375876 B1 EP2375876 B1 EP 2375876B1 EP 11161876 A EP11161876 A EP 11161876A EP 2375876 B1 EP2375876 B1 EP 2375876B1
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Prior art keywords
equal
axis
torch
less
orifice
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2375876A1 (fr
Inventor
Silvano Dallavalle
Mauro Vancini
Vittorio Colombo
Emanuele Ghedini
Alessia Concetti
Riccardo Fazzioli
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Cebora SpA
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Cebora SpA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3468—Vortex generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a plasma cutting torch, and specifically to a transferred arc plasma cutting torch.
  • the plasma cutting torches referred to extend longitudinally around a central axis and comprise, schematically:
  • the nozzle, the electrode and the diffuser delimit a plasma generation chamber into which the gas is fed through the diffuser.
  • the gas fed into the chamber comes from a respective gas feed system.
  • Prior art torches also comprise a main body or torch body; a nozzle holder designed to support the nozzle and mounted on one end of the torch body and also surrounding the electrode which is mounted centrally on the torch body.
  • the nozzle, the electrode and the diffuser, and therefore the chamber are supplied by respective electric and pneumatic circuits to initiate and sustain, when suitably controlled, the electric arc and the plasma column.
  • the pneumatic supply circuit comprises a diffuser through which the gas for generating the plasma accesses the chamber.
  • the diffuser has a plurality of holes for letting gas into the chamber and said holes ensure that the gas enters the chamber with a predetermined velocity vector.
  • the electrode comprising the above-mentioned insert, is connected by a wire to the negative pole (cathode) of a current generator.
  • the nozzle is electrically isolated from the electrode and is connected, during the known pilot arc step, by a wire, to the positive pole (anode) of the current generator.
  • a tubular electric isolating element is interposed between the respective electric power supply circuits of the electrode and the nozzle.
  • the electrode, the nozzle and the diffuser are the wear components of the torch, hereinafter also referred to simply as “wear parts”, and must be regularly substituted to guarantee correct operation of the torch.
  • the electrode, the nozzle and the diffuser once assembled in the torch, form the plasma generation chamber.
  • a widespread problem in the use of such torches is the life of the wear parts, in particular the cathode, and maintaining a high cutting quality, where the expression cutting quality refers to correct creation of the cut profile (clean cut), with the absence of burrs on the worked zones, which greatly depends on the state of wear of the electrode and the nozzle.
  • nozzles were developed which have been worked inside in such a as to form, with the electrode, a second chamber usually called the pre-chamber or arc stabilising chamber, located between the plasma generation chamber and the plasma outlet orifice (or channel) made in the nozzle, as in the solution described in application BO2006A000156 by this Applicant.
  • the pre-chamber results in the presence of a cold gas sheath which helps to stabilise and collimate the discharge thanks to a more gradual passage towards the nozzle channel. Moreover, in those cases in which it is useful for maximising the torch cutting capacity, it allows an increase in the discharge length and therefore its power, although keeping the length of the orifice constant.
  • US5444209 does not directly indicate how to increase the lifetime of wear parts in a cutting torch.
  • Patent document US5170033 describes a plasma torch in which the diffuser has a plurality of axial holes, designed to give the gas a "swirl" movement, and a plurality of radial holes.
  • the function of the radial holes is that of a gas axial flow contribution, during stable (steady state) operation of the torch.
  • the radial holes are arranged in a higher position (that is to say, further from the nozzle) than the axial holes, so that, during torch normal operation the flow generated by the axial holes dominates that generated by the radial holes.
  • patent document US2007/0284340 describes a plasma torch for treating surfaces or objects which has a diffuser with ducts for imparting a vortex trajectory to a gas.
  • US2007/0284340 proposes a diffuser designed in such a way as to directly support the electrode, and does not provide any direct lesson on how to increase the life of the wear parts in a cutting torch.
  • the main technical purpose of this invention is to provide a plasma cutting torch which allows the combination of good arc constriction, needed for good quality cut parts, with minimal wear of the wear parts.
  • One aim of this invention is to provide a torch in which wear on the nozzle, during use of the torch, is noticeably reduced compared with prior art wear parts.
  • Another aim of this invention is to provide a torch which guarantees a longer lifetime for the wear parts (electrode and nozzle) and good confinement of the plasma discharge.
  • Yet another aim of this invention is to provide a torch which allows maximisation of the rotational velocity of the gas at the mouth of the nozzle orifice.
  • a further aim is to provide a torch which minimises, in practice, the rotational velocity of the gas close to the cathode emission surface.
  • the torch according to the invention is a plasma cutting torch according to claim 1.
  • said torch is a transferred arc torch.
  • said torch is a torch powered with direct current.
  • the feed system is a system for feeding gas containing oxygen, allowing the torch to cut soft iron.
  • the tablet of electrode emitter material is made of hafnium, or another material suitable for use in a plasma cutting torch in which the gas contains oxygen.
  • the ratio between "A1" and "B1" is within the range [3 - 4.5].
  • the geometry of the plasma chamber, and in particular the ratio between the distances "A1" and "B1" advantageously allows an increase in the ratio of the values adopted by the gas swirl velocity (in the plasma chamber) at the mouth of the orifice and close to the emitter electrode. In this way, the swirl velocity of the gas in the plasma chamber is at its maximum at the mouth of the orifice and at its minimum close to the emitter electrode.
  • the research and experimentation by the Applicant has shown that, in a transferred arc cutting torch having a plasma chamber forming at least one annular portion and one end portion in communication with an orifice of a nozzle for issuing plasma, the lifetime of the wear parts (and in particular of the emitter electrode) is correlated with the ratio between the distances "A1" and "B1".
  • the diffuser according to the invention comprises a substantially annular main body with a main axis coinciding with the main axis X of the torch. Moreover, the diffuser has an annular lower wall, an annular upper wall and a cylindrical outer lateral wall and at least one channel for the passage of gas, the channel comprising an inlet and an outlet which is positioned at the annular lower wall, the channel having in an embodiment a diameter "d1" and an axis of extension which is slanting relative to the main axis.
  • the axis of the channel intersects the annular lower wall at a point "O" at the outlet.
  • a projection of the axis of the channel in a plane “ar” forms, with an axis "a”, an angle " ⁇ ” and a projection of the axis of the channel in a plane “at” forms, with the axis "a”, an angle " ⁇ ”. Therefore, a Cartesian reference system is defined, having its centre at "O", an axis "a” parallel with the main axis, an axis "r” in a radial direction and an axis "t” perpendicular to the axes "a” and "r".
  • the angle " ⁇ " is sized to impart to the velocity versor of the gas an axial component “Vass” and a tangential component “Vtan” whose ratio is within the range [0.27 - 0.70].
  • the diffuser is preferably designed in such a way (in particular the at least one channel of the diffuser has an end portion designed in such a way) that (the angle " ⁇ " is sized in such a way that) the velocity versor of the gas exiting the channel has an axial component (along the axis "a”) “Vass” and a tangential component (along the axis "t”) “Vtan” whose ratio is within the range [0.27 - 0.70].
  • the diffuser is preferably designed in such a way (in particular the at least one channel of the diffuser has an end portion designed in such a way) that the angle " ⁇ " is within the range [55 degrees - 75 degrees].
  • the diffuser is preferably designed in such a way (in particular the at least one channel of the diffuser has an end portion designed in such a way) that (the angle " ⁇ " is sized in such a way that) the velocity versor of the gas exiting the channel has a radial component (along the axis "r") "Vrad" which is within the range [0 - 0.34].
  • the diffuser is preferably designed in such a way (in particular the at least one channel of the diffuser has an end portion designed in such a way) that the angle " ⁇ " is within the range [0 degrees - 20 degrees].
  • the configuration of the diffuser advantageously and surprisingly allows an increase in the ratio of the values adopted by the gas swirl velocity (in the plasma chamber) at the mouth of the orifice and close to the emitter electrode.
  • the swirl velocity of the gas in the plasma chamber is at its maximum at the mouth of the orifice and at its minimum close to the emitter electrode.
  • the numerals 1, 2 and 200 respectively denote an electrode, a nozzle and a diffuser for plasma torches.
  • the torch 100 extending around a main axis X, basically comprises the electrode 1, the nozzle 2 and the diffuser 200 which delimit a plasma generation chamber 3, a gas feed system 4 for feeding the gas to the plasma generation chamber 3, a circuit for supplying electricity to the electrode, which allows its connection to the negative pole (cathode) of a current generator, and a circuit for supplying electricity to the nozzle for connecting it to the positive pole (anode) of the generator.
  • the torch 100 is a plasma cutting torch.
  • the torch 100 is a transferred arc plasma (cutting) torch.
  • the torch 100 comprises a supporting body 101 for the electrode 1.
  • the electrode 1 and the nozzle 2 are mounted in such a way that they are coaxial with the axis X.
  • axis X hereinafter also refers to the main axis of the separate components of the torch.
  • the torch 100 comprises a nozzle holder 103 for mounting the nozzle on the diffuser 200.
  • the diffuser 200 interposed between the electrode 1 and the nozzle 2 there is the diffuser 200, described in more detail below, for feeding the gas into the chamber 3.
  • the gas is ionised, for example by means of a high voltage, high frequency pulse applied across the electrode and the nozzle or with other known techniques, in such a way that an electric arc can be initiated.
  • the arc initiated in this way is maintained lit during cutting by applying, between the electrode and the workpiece being processed, an operating voltage typically between 100 Volts and 150 Volts.
  • the electrode 1 comprises a supporting element 5 for a tablet 6 of emitter material or an emitter, preferably coaxial with the electrode 1.
  • the element 5 comprises an upper portion 7, with reference to Figure 1 , which is substantially cylindrical, extending around the main axis X.
  • the portion 7 comprises a substantially cylindrical outer surface 8.
  • a tooth 9 projects from the surface 8 around the entire circumference of the element 5 and is provided for coupling with the diffuser 200, as is described in more detail below.
  • the nozzle comprises a substantially tubular, preferably cylindrical first portion 10 for coupling with the rest of the components of the torch 1.
  • the nozzle 2 is coupled to the diffuser 200.
  • the nozzle 2 comprises a second, tip portion 11 in which there is a hole or orifice 12 having a diameter "De" from which the plasma is issued.
  • the tip portion 11 has a tapered inner surface 11a which, with the nozzle 2 mounted on the torch 100, is facing the electrode 1 to at least partly form the plasma generation chamber 3.
  • the inside of the nozzle, between the surface 11a and the orifice 12, has a "funnel" shape which forms a second chamber or pre-chamber 13, since it is located upstream of the orifice 12 for the passage of the plasma gas.
  • the pre-chamber 13 is coaxial with the orifice 12 and the electrode 1 once installed.
  • the pre-chamber 13 has a cylindrical infeed 14, with depth or height Ha and a tapered connecting stretch 15 between the infeed 14 and the orifice 12.
  • the infeed 14 of the pre-chamber 13 is coaxial with and facing the tablet 6 of emitter material.
  • the ratio between the height Ha of the infeed 14 and the diameter De of the nozzle 2 orifice is greater than or equal to 0.15 and it is less than or equal to 0.5, that is to say: 0.15 ⁇ Ha De ⁇ 0.5.
  • the ratio between the height "Ha" of the infeed 14 and the diameter "De” of the orifice 12 is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.48, that is to say: 0.2 ⁇ Ha De ⁇ 0.48.
  • That range may preferably be further restricted and in a further embodiment the ratio between the height "Ha" of the infeed 14 and the diameter "De” of the orifice 12 is greater than or equal to 0.22 and less than or equal to 0.46, that is to say: 0.22 ⁇ Ha De ⁇ 0.46.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the nozzle 2 has the following dimensions:
  • the upper and lower limits of the above-mentioned ranges have been determined through experimentation by means of analysis of the electrode - nozzle voltage during cutting, for improving cutting quality and the lifetime of the wear parts.
  • the electrode - nozzle voltage is greatly influenced by the shape of the discharge, by its distance from the walls and by the electronic temperature, and is therefore an excellent indicator of the stability of the discharge.
  • curve A has a greatly oscillating trend with high voltage peaks, indicating a discharge that is not well confined, whilst curve B has a voltage trend that is continuous and without oscillations.
  • the preferred height or depth of the pre-chamber expressed depending on the diameter of the nozzle orifice and limited to the above-mentioned size range therefore allows important advantages to be obtained.
  • the minimum value proposed allows the pre-chamber to be deep enough to guarantee an effect on the fluid-dynamics of the plasma gas compared with a nozzle whose pre-chamber height is not optimised according to this invention in terms of stabilisation and collimation of the discharge and insulation by means of the cold gas sheath.
  • the same minimum value also allows an increase, compared with a nozzle without a pre-chamber, in the total length of the discharge and therefore of the voltage drop and power transferred by Joule effect to the plasma, which will then be partly transferred to the material to be cut, the length of the orifice being equal.
  • the maximum value proposed avoids reaching an excessive depth which may result in plasma instability of the kink type, labelled 130 in Figure 6 , linked to an excessive length of the discharge in the pre-chamber which the gas flow, limited to the value that can pass through the nozzle orifice, is unable to stabilise.
  • Such instabilities may cause an increase in electrode erosion, an increase in the possibility of a double arc and a worsening of the cutting quality.
  • the upper limit of the range also prevents an excessive increase in the plasma power due to an increase in the length of the arc and therefore of the thermal load on the wall which, without liquid cooling, may result in nozzle overheating and deterioration of the surfaces.
  • Figures 2 to 4 show a preferred embodiment of the diffuser 200.
  • the diffuser 200 comprises a substantially annular main body 201.
  • Figure 4 shows how the diffuser main body 201 has an annular groove 202 made in an inner wall of the body 201 and intended to receive, once the diffuser 200 is mounted in the torch 100, the tooth 9 present on the outer surface 8 of the electrode 1.
  • the diffuser 200 is kept coupled to the electrode 1 in such a way that the tooth 9 is engaged in the groove 202.
  • the chamfer 203 extends on the outer surface of the diffuser body 201 and is formed, in practice, by an annular portion 203 having a diameter which is less than that of the diffuser body 201.
  • the diffuser 200 comprises an annular lower surface or wall 204, an annular upper surface or wall 205 and a cylindrical outer lateral surface or wall 206.
  • the diffuser 200 comprises a plurality of channels 207, four in the example illustrated, for putting into fluid communication the gas feed system 4 and the plasma generation chamber 3.
  • each channel 207 comprises a first radial hole 208 with diameter "d” and depth "P" extending from the outer lateral surface 206.
  • the diffuser comprises a first pair of diametrically opposed holes and a second pair of diametrically opposed holes.
  • the first and second pairs of holes lie on perpendicular diameters.
  • the diameters on which the two pairs of holes are positioned are at right angles to each other.
  • Figure 4 shows how the axes of the holes 208, only one of which is illustrated for greater clarity, are positioned at a height "h" relative to the lower surface 204.
  • the channels 207 each comprise a second hole 209 extending from the annular wall 204 to the corresponding hole 208.
  • Each hole 208 is in fluid communication with the corresponding hole 209 and overall they form the respective channel 207 for putting in fluid communication the gas feed system 4 and the plasma generation chamber 3.
  • the channels 207 extend from the outer lateral surface 206 and lead to the annular lower surface 204.
  • each channel 207 has an inlet 207a on the outer lateral wall 206 and an outlet 207b on the annular lower surface 204.
  • each hole 209 comprises an axis "A” and a diameter "d1".
  • each hole 209 is slanting relative to the main axis X of the diffuser.
  • the channels 207 are formed only by the hole 209 having the inlet 207a and the outlet 207b and the axis "A" slanting relative to the main axis X.
  • the outlet 207b is provided at the annular lower wall 204 in such a way that the gas passing through it reaches the chamber 3, whilst the inlet 207a is provided on the outer lateral wall 206.
  • the above-mentioned angle " ⁇ " is sized to impart to the velocity versor of the gas entering the chamber 3 through the channel 209a, an axial component “Vass” and a tangential component “Vtan” (according to the above-mentioned axis "t") so as to impart to the velocity of the entering gas a tangential component according to the axis t which is optimum for containment of the arc.
  • the ratio between the axial component "Vass” and the tangential component "Vtan”, due to the diffuser 200 and in particular to the holes 209 in the diffuser, is between 0.27 and 0.70, that is to say: 0.27 ⁇ Vass V tan ⁇ 0.70.
  • the ratio between the axial component "Vass” and the tangential component "Vtan”, due to the diffuser 200, is between 0.36 and 0.57, that is to say: 0.36 ⁇ Vass V tan ⁇ 0.57.
  • the ratio between the axial component "Vass” and the tangential component "Vtan”, due to the diffuser 200, is between 0.44 and 0.51, that is to say: 0.44 ⁇ Vass V tan ⁇ 0.51.
  • the angle " ⁇ " is preferably between 55 and 75 sexagesimal degrees, that is to say: 55 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 75 ° .
  • the angle " ⁇ " is between 60 and 70 sexagesimal degrees, that is to say: 60 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 70 ° .
  • the angle " ⁇ " is between 63 and 67 sexagesimal degrees, that is to say: 63 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 67 ° .
  • the angle " ⁇ " is equal to 45 sexagesimal degrees.
  • the measurement in millimetres of the diameter "d1" is preferably between 0.4 and 0.6, that is to say: 0.4 ⁇ d 1 ⁇ 0.6.
  • the measurement in millimetres of the diameter "d1" is between 0.45 and 0.55, that is to say: 0.45 ⁇ d 1 ⁇ 0.55.
  • the measurement in millimetres of the diameter "d1" is between 0.48 and 0.52, that is to say: 0.48 ⁇ d 1 ⁇ 0.52.
  • said angle is preferably sized in such a way as to impart to the velocity versor a radial component "Vrad”, that is to say directed according to the axis "r" of the above-mentioned reference systems, which is between 0 and 0.34, that is to say: 0 ⁇ Vrad ⁇ 0.34.
  • the diffuser 200 has said angle " ⁇ " between 0 and 20 sexagesimal degrees.
  • the angle " ⁇ " is 11 sexagesimal degrees.
  • the angle " ⁇ " is 0 sexagesimal degrees, that is to say, zero.
  • A1 is the distance, measured according to the direction X, between the outlet section of the channels 207 and the inlet section of the orifice 12
  • B1 is the distance, measured according to the direction X, between the end section of the electrode 1 and the inlet section of the orifice 12.
  • the ratio between A1 and B1 is preferably between 3 and 4.5, that is to say: 3 ⁇ A 1 B 1 ⁇ 4.5.
  • Said sizing of the ratio between A1 and B1 is advantageously applied in torches 100 having operating currents which are several dozen Amperes above 100 Amperes, for example in 160 Ampere torches.
  • Said sizing of the ratio between A1 and B1 is advantageously applied in torches 100 having operating currents which are around a hundred Amperes, for example in 100 Ampere torches.
  • Said sizing of the ratio between A1 and B1 is advantageously applied in torches 100 having operating currents which are around several dozen Amperes, for example in 60 Ampere torches.

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  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Torche de coupage plasma se prolongeant autour d'un axe principal (X) et comprenant une électrode (1), une buse (2), ayant un orifice de sortie de plasma (12), coaxiale à l'électrode (1), un diffuseur (200) agissant entre l'électrode (1) et la buse (2) ; l'électrode (1), la buse (2) et le diffuseur (200) délimitant une chambre de génération de plasma (3), la torche comprenant un système d'alimentation en gaz (4) pour amener le gaz dans la chambre (3), le diffuseur (200) comprenant un corps principal substantiellement annulaire avec un axe principal coïncidant avec l'axe principal (X) de la torche, une paroi annulaire inférieure (204), une paroi annulaire supérieure (205), une paroi latérale cylindrique extérieure (206) au moins un canal (207) ayant une entrée (207a) et une sortie (207b) pour mettre le système d'alimentation (4) et la chambre (3) en communication fluidique, la torche étant caractérisée en ce que, dans la chambre (3), définissant par "A1" la distance mesurée dans la direction de l'axe principal (X) entre une section de sortie (207b) du canal (207) et une section d'entrée de l'orifice (12) et par "B1" la distance mesurée dans la direction de l'axe principal (X), entre une section terminale de l'électrode (1) et la section d'entrée de l'orifice (12), le rapport entre "A1" et "B1" est supérieur ou égal à 3 et est inférieur ou égal à 4,5, autrement dit : 3 ≤ A 1 B 1 ≤ 4.5 ,
    Figure imgb0054
     dans laquelle la section de sortie (207b) du canal (207) est prévue en correspondance de ladite paroi annulaire inférieure (204) du diffuseur (200).
  2. Torche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre A1 et B1 est supérieur ou égal à 3,3 et est inférieur ou égal à 4, autrement dit : 3.3 ≤ A 1 B 1 ≤ 4.
    Figure imgb0055
  3. Torche selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre A1 et B1 est égal à 3,74, autrement dit : A 1 B 1 = 3.74
    Figure imgb0056
     ou est égal à 3,7, autrement dit : A 1 B 1 = 3.7
    Figure imgb0057
     ou est égal à 3,64, autrement dit : A 1 B 1 = 3.64
    Figure imgb0058
     ou est égal à 3,58, autrement dit : A 1 B 1 = 3.58
    Figure imgb0059
     ou est égal à 3,49, autrement dit : A 1 B 1 = 3.49.
    Figure imgb0060
  4. Torche selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la buse (2) comporte une préchambre (13) coaxiale à l'orifice (12), la préchambre (13) ayant une entrée cylindrique (14) avec une hauteur (Ha) et une portion de raccordement conique (15) entre l'entrée (14) et l'orifice (12), le rapport entre la hauteur (Ha) de l'entrée (14) et le diamètre (De) de l'orifice (12) étant supérieur ou égal à 0,15 et inférieur ou égal à 0,5, autrement dit : 0.15 ≤ Ha De ≤ 0.5.
    Figure imgb0061
  5. Torche selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre la hauteur (Ha) de l'entrée (14) et le diamètre (De) de l'orifice (12) est supérieur ou égal à 0,2 et inférieur ou égal à 0,48, autrement dit : 0.2 ≤ Ha De ≤ 0.48
    Figure imgb0062
     ou étant caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre la hauteur (Ha) de l'entrée (14) et le diamètre (De) de l'orifice (12) est supérieur ou égal à 0,22 et inférieur ou égal à 0,46, autrement dit : 0.22 ≤ Ha De ≤ 0.46.
    Figure imgb0063
  6. Torche selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le canal (207) possède un diamètre (d1) et un axe (A) d'extension étant oblique par rapport à l'axe principal (X) croisant la paroi annulaire inférieure (204) en un point 0 en correspondance de la sortie (207b), une projection de l'axe (A) du canal (207) dans un plan "ar" formant, avec un axe "a", un angle θ et une projection de l'axe (A) du canal (207) dans un plan "at" formant, avec l'axe "a", un angle ϕ, le système de coordonnées cartésiennes ayant son centre au point 0, l'axe "a" parallèle à l'axe principal (X), un axe "r" dans une direction radiale et un axe "t" étant perpendiculaire aux axes "a" et "r" et l'axe (A) du canal (207) étant tangent à un cercle de rayon "R", l'angle ϕ est supérieur ou égal à 55 degrés sexagésimaux et est inférieur ou égal à 75 degrés sexagésimaux pour conférer au versor de la vitesse du gaz une composante axiale "Vass" et une composante tangentielle "Vtan", le rapport entre la composante axiale "Vass" et la composante tangentielle "Vtan" étant compris entre 0,27 et 0,70, autrement dit : 0.27 ≤ Vass V tan ≤ 0.70.
    Figure imgb0064
  7. Torche selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'angle ϕ est supérieur ou égal à 60 degrés sexagésimaux et est inférieur ou égal à 70 degrés sexagésimaux, autrement dit : 60°≤ϕ≤70° pour conférer au versor de la vitesse du gaz une composante axiale "Vass" et une composante tangentielle "Vtan" dont le rapport se situe entre 0,36 et 0,57, autrement dit : 0.36 ≤ Vass V tan ≤ 0.57.
    Figure imgb0065
  8. Torche selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'angle ϕ est supérieur ou égal à 63 degrés sexagésimaux et est inférieur ou égal à 67 degrés sexagésimaux, autrement dit : 63°≤ϕ≤67° pour conférer au versor de la vitesse du gaz une composante axiale "Vass" et une composante tangentielle "Vtan" dont le rapport se situe entre 0,44 et 0,51, autrement dit : 0.44 ≤ Vass V tan ≤ 0.51.
    Figure imgb0066
  9. Torche selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 6 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'angle ϕ est supérieur ou égal à 0 degré sexagésimal et est inférieur ou égal à 20 degrés sexagésimaux, autrement dit : 0°≤ϕ≤20° pour conférer au versor de la vitesse du gaz une composante radiale "Vrad" comprise entre 0 et 0,34, autrement dit : 0 ≤ Vrad ≤ 0.34.
    Figure imgb0067
  10. Torche selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre (d1) des canaux (207) est supérieur ou égal à 0,4 mm et est inférieur ou égal à 0,6 mm, autrement dit : 0.4 ≤ d 1 ≤ 0.6
    Figure imgb0068
     ou est supérieur ou égal à 0,45 mm et est inférieur ou égal à 0,55 mm, autrement dit : 0.45 ≤ d 1 ≤ 0.55
    Figure imgb0069
     ou est supérieur ou égal à 0,48 mm et est inférieur ou égal à 0,52 mm, autrement dit : 0.48 ≤ d 1 ≤ 0.52.
    Figure imgb0070
EP11161876.5A 2010-04-12 2011-04-11 Torche de coupage plasma Revoked EP2375876B1 (fr)

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ITBO2010A000224A IT1399320B1 (it) 2010-04-12 2010-04-12 Torcia per il taglio al plasma.

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DD101082A1 (fr) 1973-02-05 1973-10-12
US5170033A (en) 1990-04-24 1992-12-08 Hypertherm, Inc. Swirl ring and flow control process for a plasma arc torch
US5444209A (en) 1993-08-11 1995-08-22 Miller Thermal, Inc. Dimensionally stable subsonic plasma arc spray gun with long wearing electrodes
US5591356A (en) 1992-11-27 1997-01-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Plasma torch having cylindrical velocity reduction space between electrode end and nozzle orifice
US6222154B1 (en) 1999-05-12 2001-04-24 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma cutting method and device with the use of a plasma torch
US6268583B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-07-31 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma torch of high cooling performance and components therefor
US6320156B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2001-11-20 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma processing device, plasma torch and method for replacing components of same
DE102004049445A1 (de) 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Kjellberg Finsterwalde Elektroden Und Maschinen Gmbh Plasmabrenner
ITBO20060156A1 (it) 2006-03-03 2007-09-04 Cebora Spa Ugello per torcia al plasma.
US20070284340A1 (en) 2006-06-09 2007-12-13 Morten Jorgensen Vortex generator for plasma treatment

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DD101082A1 (fr) 1973-02-05 1973-10-12
US5170033A (en) 1990-04-24 1992-12-08 Hypertherm, Inc. Swirl ring and flow control process for a plasma arc torch
US5591356A (en) 1992-11-27 1997-01-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Plasma torch having cylindrical velocity reduction space between electrode end and nozzle orifice
US5444209A (en) 1993-08-11 1995-08-22 Miller Thermal, Inc. Dimensionally stable subsonic plasma arc spray gun with long wearing electrodes
US6320156B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2001-11-20 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma processing device, plasma torch and method for replacing components of same
US6222154B1 (en) 1999-05-12 2001-04-24 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma cutting method and device with the use of a plasma torch
US6268583B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-07-31 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma torch of high cooling performance and components therefor
DE102004049445A1 (de) 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Kjellberg Finsterwalde Elektroden Und Maschinen Gmbh Plasmabrenner
ITBO20060156A1 (it) 2006-03-03 2007-09-04 Cebora Spa Ugello per torcia al plasma.
US20070284340A1 (en) 2006-06-09 2007-12-13 Morten Jorgensen Vortex generator for plasma treatment

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FIRMA KJELLBERG FINSTERWALDE: "Eine neue Dimension des Plasmaschneidens", PLASMASCHNEIDANLAGE PA-S45 CNC MIT PLASMA-FEINSTRAHLBRENNER PB-S46 W-1, May 1998 (1998-05-01), XP055403909
FIRMA PLA TEC: "Produktkatalog für Verschleißteile im Nachbau für das Plasmaschneiden und Laserschneiden", 2006, pages 45, XP055403916

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EP2375876A1 (fr) 2011-10-12
PL2375876T3 (pl) 2017-04-28
IT1399320B1 (it) 2013-04-16
ITBO20100224A1 (it) 2011-10-13

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