EP2372093B1 - Forme du joint d'étanchéité sur la plateforme d'une aube de turbine - Google Patents

Forme du joint d'étanchéité sur la plateforme d'une aube de turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2372093B1
EP2372093B1 EP11159847.0A EP11159847A EP2372093B1 EP 2372093 B1 EP2372093 B1 EP 2372093B1 EP 11159847 A EP11159847 A EP 11159847A EP 2372093 B1 EP2372093 B1 EP 2372093B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distance
shroud
side edge
longitudinal axis
turbine blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11159847.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2372093A1 (fr
Inventor
Andre Saxer
Igor Tsypkaykin
Ulrich Rathmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2372093A1 publication Critical patent/EP2372093A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F01D5/225—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations by shrouding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
    • F01D11/122—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material
    • F01D11/125—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material with a reinforcing structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/20—Specially-shaped blade tips to seal space between tips and stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/26—Antivibration means not restricted to blade form or construction or to blade-to-blade connections or to the use of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device on a shroud provided on a turbine blade tip, with a radially to the axis of rotation about which the turbine blade is rotatably disposed, the shroud locally superior, ridge-like trained sealing structure having an oriented in the direction of rotation of the turbine blade longitudinal extent, itself has tapered with increasing radial distance to the shroud and one of the turbine blade radially facing away, flat-shaped end face.
  • Turbine blades are usually provided with a shroud at their turbine blade tips which provides a vibration reducing effect on the respective turbine blade and thus contributes to extending the life of the turbine blade.
  • a shroud at their turbine blade tips which provides a vibration reducing effect on the respective turbine blade and thus contributes to extending the life of the turbine blade.
  • at least one of the end-side shroud surface in the radial direction to the rotation axis frontally superior, rib-like sealing structure is provided, which extends in the direction of rotation to the rotational movement of the turbine blades along the shroud.
  • Such sealing structures serve primarily to reduce leakage flow that forms along the flow channel between the turbine blade tips and the stationary turbine housing and that does not contribute to the power gain of the turbine.
  • the foregoing sealing structures are based on abrasive materials and, by rotating the turbine blades and due to their radial superiority to the shrouds, into a turbine wall blade tip radially opposed abradable wall structure on the turbine housing, which is typically formed in a honeycomb structure, forming a circumferential direction extending, groove-shaped recess to be ground in such a way that although the end-side shroud surface includes a minimal gap with the wall structure, however, the rib-like sealing element protrudes almost accurately into the self-machined by the sealing element groove-shaped recess.
  • axial projection thus concludes each blade tip with its, engaging in the groove-shaped recess sealing structure for a flowing axially through the turbine gaseous working fluid largely gas-tight.
  • a cross-sectional shape is axially, that is, provided transversely to the direction of rotation, locally magnifying cutting structure on the cover band radially projecting rib-like sealing structure, which typically has a substantially constant cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction, on both axially opposite flanks of the sealing structure in the direction of rotation having facing cutting surfaces.
  • the axially projecting from the sealing structure cutting surfaces assets within the usually designed as a honeycomb structure abreibbaren turbine housing wall in comparison to the rest of the axial sealing structure width founded on the axial sealing structure width, so that the sealing structure can not fit over its entire length to the groove-shaped recess fit and thus by the resulting intermediate gap between the sealing structure and groove-shaped recess can form a metered adjustable leakage current.
  • the rib-like sealing structure provided on the shroud in the radial direction along the turbine blade usually does not coincide with the radial center of gravity of the turbine blade, whereby additional load moments occur, especially at high speeds and high process temperatures, in the connection area between the shroud and the turbine blade increased creep rates and ultimately lead to material failure.
  • Subject of the DE 10 2008 023 424 A1 is a method of extending the life of turbine blades equipped with a tip shroud and generic sealing devices by reducing their mechanical stress during operation.
  • cutting teeth arranged at one end are to be removed and replaced by centrally arranged cutting teeth, in particular arranged inside the blade leaf.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the problem described above in the creation of larger-sized turbine blades and to optimize the area of the shroud with a sealing structure provided thereon, both in terms of their capacity and in terms of mass reduction.
  • it is necessary to look for measures by which reduces the operational stresses and strains occurring in the turbine blade tip area and thus ultimately the turbine blade life can be significantly increased.
  • the axial width of the sealing structure in the circumferential direction before the above central widening measures only 1/62 S ⁇ f3
  • the improved cutting effect is due to the cutting edges e1 and e2 facing in the direction of rotation, which serve as transition areas between the rib area narrow in the axial extent in the fifth embodiment Surface section with a web width f3 and the axially much wider formed third surface portion with an axial rib width f2 serve.
  • At least the cutting edges e1, e2 are coated with a surface-hard layer, such as, for example, Cr 2 C or CBN (cubic crystalline boron nitride).
  • a surface-hard layer such as, for example, Cr 2 C or CBN (cubic crystalline boron nitride).
  • the coating process is preferably carried out by means of a galvanic deposition, a plasma deposition, a spray deposition or by means of a welding or soldering operation.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the shroud D of a not further illustrated turbine blade shown for qualitative illustration of the solution formed sealing structure.
  • the sealing structure DS according to the invention is preferably connected in one piece to the shroud D and rises above the shroud D with side edges 1 'to 10' which correspond in each case to the side edges 1 to 10 bordering the end face St.
  • the cutting edge surfaces e1 'and e2' associated with the cutting edges e1 and e2 are provided with the surface hardening layer (11) for improving the cutting action.
  • the cut surface 10 ' may also be provided with a corresponding surface hard layer (11). In a particularly advantageous manner, however, all side edge surface with a corresponding coating, so in particular the end face St, be provided with the surface-hard layer.
  • a longitudinal extent S which corresponds to the oriented in the direction of rotation U shroud length.
  • a plurality of sealing structures DS formed in accordance with the invention can be arranged on the surface of a shroud D, so that they are preferably arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction.
  • the location corresponds to the in FIG. 1 Illustrated longitudinal axis L through the end face St of the solution formed according to rib-like sealing structure at the same time also the radial center of gravity plane of the turbine blade.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along in FIG FIG. 2 indicated section plane A shown.
  • the side edges 6 'and 7' each with the orthogonal to the shroud surface an angle ⁇ , ⁇ include, which may typically be in the range between 0.1 ° and 45 °. The same angle of inclination also applies to the side flanks 8 'and 9'.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view represented by a cutting contour.
  • a cutting contour it is necessary to provide the entire surface of the cutting contour with a hard surface layer 11. At the very least, it is necessary to coat those surface area of the cutting contour with the surface-hardened layer 11 which comes into engagement with the abradable material on the turbine housing wall.
  • an effective layer thickness Z of 0.1 mm to 4.5 mm on the cutting surface, which has at least one penetration depth P1, with which the cutting contour is able to penetrate into the abradable material.
  • the cutting depth P1 is about 0.5 mm to 15 mm.
  • the layer is thinned over a further region P2 which extends between P1 + 0.5 mm to 15 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif réalisé sur la virole prévue sur une pointe d'aube mobile de turbine, comprenant une structure d'étanchéité réalisée radialement par rapport à l'axe de rotation autour duquel est disposée à rotation l'aube mobile de turbine, à la manière d'une rangée d'ailettes faisant saillie localement au-delà de la virole, laquelle structure d'étanchéité présente une étendue longitudinale (S) orientée dans la direction périphérique (U) de l'aube mobile de turbine, laquelle étendue longitudinale se rétrécit en s'éloignant radialement de la virole et se termine par une face frontale (St) réalisée sous forme plane et radialement opposée à l'aube mobile de turbine, laquelle face frontale est divisée dans la direction périphérique en sections de surface contiguës (I, II, III, IV, V) qui s'étendent le long d'un axe longitudinal (L) orienté dans la direction périphérique (U) de la manière suivante
    - une première section de surface (I) est limitée par deux arêtes latérales s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal, lesquelles possèdent une distance mutuelle f1 et dont une première arête latérale (1) s'étend jusqu'à une distance a1 et une deuxième arête latérale (2) s'étend jusqu'à une distance a2, mesurées depuis un premier plan de référence (B1), qui coupe perpendiculairement l'axe longitudinal (L) et limite la face frontale (St) dans la direction périphérique (U) à l'extrémité arrière, la deuxième arête latérale (2) étant espacée du premier plan de référence (B1) et étant connectée à la première arête latérale (1) par le biais d'une arête de limitation arrière (3) orientée de manière inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L),
    - une deuxième section de surface (II) est limitée par deux arêtes latérales (4, 5) s'étendant de manière inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L), dont une première arête latérale (4) s'étend depuis la distance a1 jusqu'à la distance b1 et une deuxième arête latérale (5) s'étend depuis la distance a2 jusqu'à la distance b2, à chaque fois mesurées depuis le premier plan de limitation (B1),
    - une troisième section de surface (III) est limitée par deux arêtes latérales (6, 7) s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal (L), lesquelles arêtes latérales possèdent une distance mutuelle f2, et dont une première arête latérale (6) est connectée à la première arête latérale (4) de la deuxième section de surface (II) et une deuxième arête latérale (7) est connectée à la deuxième arête latérale (5) de la deuxième section de surface (II),
    - une quatrième section de surface (IV) est limitée par deux arêtes latérales e1, e2 s'étendant de manière inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L), que l'on appelle des arêtes de coupe, dont une première arête de coupe (e1) s'étend depuis la distance d1 jusqu'à la distance c1 et une deuxième arête de coupe (e2) s'étend depuis la distance d2 jusqu'à la distance c2, à chaque fois mesurées depuis un deuxième plan de limitation (B2), qui coupe l'axe longitudinal (L) perpendiculairement et qui limite la face frontale (St) dans la direction périphérique (U) à l'extrémité avant,
    - une cinquième section de surface (V) est limitée par deux arêtes latérales (8, 9) s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal (L), lesquelles arêtes latérales possèdent une distance mutuelle f3 et dont une première arête latérale (8) s'étend jusqu'à une distance c1 et une deuxième arête latérale (9) s'étend jusqu'à une distance c2, mesurées depuis le deuxième plan de référence (B2), la première arête latérale (8) étant espacée du deuxième plan de référence (B2) et étant connectée à la première arête latérale (9) par le biais d'une arête de limitation avant (10) orientée de manière inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L), caractérisé en ce que, pour leurs paramètres géométriques S, a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, d2, f1, f2, f3, on a :
    S = 45 mm à 200 mm
    a1 < a2 et 1/16 S ≤ (a1, a2) ≤ 1/2 S
    b1 < b2 et 1/6 S ≤ (b1, b2) ≤ 1/2 S
    c1 < c2 et 1/16 S ≤ (c1, c2) ≤ 1/2 S
    d1 < d2 et 1/16 S ≤ (d1, d2) ≤ 1/2 S
    f3 < f1 et 1/62 S ≤ (f1, f3) ≤ 1/14 S
    1/42 S ≤ f2 ≤ 1/5 S.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins les arêtes de coupe e1 et e2 sont revêtues d'une couche de surface dure (11) et servent de structures de coupe.
  3. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce qu'à chaque fois les première et deuxième arêtes latérales (1, 2, 6, 7) de la première et de la troisième section de surface sont disposées de manière espacée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L), et
    en ce que l'axe longitudinal (L) est aligné avec la première arête latérale (8) de la cinquième section de surface (V).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que la structure d'étanchéité réalisée à la manière d'une rangée d'ailettes présente des flancs latéraux s'étendant de manière inclinée par rapport à une surface de virole pouvant être associée à la virole, dont les inclinaisons sont à chaque fois tournées l'une vers l'autre et en ce que les flancs latéraux délimitent radialement avec leurs arêtes supérieures la face frontale (St).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que les première et deuxième arêtes latérales (6, 7) de la troisième section de surface (III) peuvent être associées à chaque fois à des flancs latéraux inclinés par rapport à une surface de virole pouvant être associée à la virole, lesquels flancs latéraux forment respectivement avec la perpendiculaire à la surface de virole un angle d'inclinaison compris entre 0,1° et 45°.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que l'étendue longitudinale (S) de la structure d'étanchéité réalisée à la manière d'une rangée d'ailettes correspond à la longueur de la virole orientée dans la direction périphérique (U).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux structures d'étanchéité réalisées à la manière d'une rangée d'ailettes sont montées sur une virole d'une aube mobile de turbine.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux structures d'étanchéité sont montées dans la direction périphérique l'une à côté de l'autre sur la virole de l'aube mobile de turbine.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que la structure d'étanchéité réalisée à la manière d'une rangée d'ailettes est pourvue d'un revêtement de surface dur (11) au moins dans des régions partielles superficielles.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce que la couche de surface dure (11) présente une épaisseur de couche de jusqu'à 4,5 mm.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que la couche de surface dure (11) se compose de Cr2C ou de CBN.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que les arêtes latérales 1, 4, 6, e1 et 8 sont tournées du côté d'aspiration et les arêtes latérales 2, 5, 7, e2 et 9 du côté pression de l'aube mobile de turbine.
EP11159847.0A 2010-03-31 2011-03-25 Forme du joint d'étanchéité sur la plateforme d'une aube de turbine Active EP2372093B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00476/10A CH702980A1 (de) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Dichtstruktur an einem Deckband einer Turbinenlaufschaufel.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2372093A1 EP2372093A1 (fr) 2011-10-05
EP2372093B1 true EP2372093B1 (fr) 2013-12-11

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EP11159847.0A Active EP2372093B1 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-25 Forme du joint d'étanchéité sur la plateforme d'une aube de turbine

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US (1) US9441489B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2372093B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH702980A1 (fr)

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EP2564727A1 (fr) * 2011-08-27 2013-03-06 Braun GmbH Dispositif de rognage de filament doté d'un bord tranchant résistant à l'abrasion et procédé de rognage de filaments
ES2773743T3 (es) * 2011-12-13 2020-07-14 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Paleta que tiene un conjunto de nervaduras con un recubrimiento abrasivo
DE102012220326A1 (de) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-22 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Strömungsmaschine
US9598973B2 (en) 2012-11-28 2017-03-21 General Electric Company Seal systems for use in turbomachines and methods of fabricating the same
US9903210B2 (en) * 2013-05-21 2018-02-27 Siemens Energy, Inc. Turbine blade tip shroud
US9464530B2 (en) * 2014-02-20 2016-10-11 General Electric Company Turbine bucket and method for balancing a tip shroud of a turbine bucket
DE102016211337A1 (de) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 MTU Aero Engines AG Verdickter radial äußerer Ringbereich eines Dichtfins
US20180230819A1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-16 General Electric Company Turbine blade having tip shroud rail features
US10294801B2 (en) * 2017-07-25 2019-05-21 United Technologies Corporation Rotor blade having anti-wear surface
FR3077093B1 (fr) * 2018-01-19 2020-07-03 Safran Aircraft Engines Aube equilibree d'une roue mobile d'une turbomachine
JP2021110291A (ja) * 2020-01-10 2021-08-02 三菱重工業株式会社 動翼、及び軸流回転機械

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US6805530B1 (en) * 2003-04-18 2004-10-19 General Electric Company Center-located cutter teeth on shrouded turbine blades
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US6913445B1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2005-07-05 General Electric Company Center located cutter teeth on shrouded turbine blades
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Publication number Publication date
CH702980A1 (de) 2011-10-14
EP2372093A1 (fr) 2011-10-05
US20110243714A1 (en) 2011-10-06
US9441489B2 (en) 2016-09-13

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