EP2363665A2 - Refrigeration and/or freezer device - Google Patents
Refrigeration and/or freezer device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2363665A2 EP2363665A2 EP11001639A EP11001639A EP2363665A2 EP 2363665 A2 EP2363665 A2 EP 2363665A2 EP 11001639 A EP11001639 A EP 11001639A EP 11001639 A EP11001639 A EP 11001639A EP 2363665 A2 EP2363665 A2 EP 2363665A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- evaporators
- compartment
- evaporator
- control device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940125722 laxative agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2511—Evaporator distribution valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one refrigerant circuit having two or more than two parallel connected evaporators, which preferably cool different compartments of the refrigerator and / or freezer, and with at least one compressor, by means of which the evaporator can be acted upon with refrigerant are.
- refrigerators and / or freezers are also known from the state of the art in which, at the same time, a plurality of evaporators connected in parallel is supplied with refrigerant.
- the evaporators are usually valves, such as check valves or control valves or other components, such as refrigerant collector downstream, which are located in the one or more line sections between evaporator outlet and compressor inlet.
- valves such as check valves or control valves or other components, such as refrigerant collector downstream, which are located in the one or more line sections between evaporator outlet and compressor inlet.
- the present invention is therefore the object of developing a refrigerator and / or freezer of the type mentioned in such a way that it has a simple structure.
- the device comprises at least one movable in a plurality of positions control device, which is arranged in the flow direction of the refrigerant upstream of the evaporator and designed such that it distributes the refrigerant to the evaporator, wherein the laxatives from the evaporators lines of the refrigerant circuit communicate with each other and have no shut-off.
- the control device serves to distribute the refrigerant coming from the condenser to the evaporator.
- the refrigerant flow is distributed only to the evaporators by the upstream control means, whereas downstream of the evaporators no such control means is provided.
- the lines discharging from the evaporators open into at least one common line, i. be merged to at least one common line, which preferably also has no shut-off.
- this common line forms the suction line of the compressor.
- Said control means may be constituted by at least one multi-way valve or by individual valves respectively arranged in the lines leading to the evaporators.
- a conventional stop valve would be possible in each of the individual lines leading to the evaporators.
- the control device can be designed such that in normal operation of the device in a first working position of the control device, each of the evaporators is individually supplied with refrigerant and / or in a second working position of the control means groups of evaporators are simultaneously supplied with refrigerant and / or in a third working position all evaporators are supplied with refrigerant at the same time.
- At least one of the compartments is associated with a switch-off, which is the actual temperature of the compartment, in which the refrigerant supply to the evaporator associated with the compartment is suppressed.
- the device has at least one control or regulating device which is designed such that it increases the switch-off of the compartment, if the actual temperature of the compartment after switching off the evaporator would otherwise fall below the temperature setpoint for this compartment.
- control or regulation device recognizes that, in the case of parallel operation of at least two evaporators, the evaporator assigned to one compartment is or will be switched off. Then the switch-off value is increased accordingly, so that the re-evaporation of the temperature setpoint in the compartment in question is achieved.
- comparison means can be provided, which are designed such that they compare the actual temperature value in the compartment in question after switching off the vaporizer associated therewith with a temperature setpoint of the compartment, wherein the control or regulating device is designed such that it increases the switch-off value in Depending on the comparison made by the comparison means makes.
- the present invention further relates to a method for operating a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one refrigerant circuit with two or more than two evaporators connected in parallel, which preferably cool different compartments of the refrigerator and / or freezer, and with at least one compressor, the refrigerant to the evaporators promotes, the refrigerant streams are discharged after passing through the evaporator by communicating with each other, which have no shut-off.
- At least one of the compartments is associated with a switch-off value, which is the temperature actual value of the compartment in which the refrigerant supply is assigned to the compartment assigned to the compartment Evaporator is inhibited, wherein the switch-off of the compartment is increased when the actual temperature falls after switching off the evaporator below the switch-off, to avoid that any re-evaporation of refrigerant reaches a temperature in the compartment, which is below the setpoint.
- a switch-off value which is the temperature actual value of the compartment in which the refrigerant supply is assigned to the compartment assigned to the compartment Evaporator is inhibited
- the refrigerator and / or freezer is designed so that a comparatively frequent operation of the compressor takes place.
- the relative duty cycle of the compressor is> 10%, preferably> 40%, preferably> 60% or preferably> 80%.
- the relative duty cycle of the compressor is to be understood as the ratio of its operating times and the sum of operating and standstill times.
- the suction line temperature of a compartment or the suction line temperature falls below a limit, for example 10 ° C. (15 ° C., 0 ° C.) after the merging of the suction lines of the individual compartments Turn on the warmest non-operated compartment for a specified time to increase the suction line temperature. This is done by the increased heat load as a result of connecting another evaporator.
- a temperature sensor on the suction line measures the corresponding suction line temperature. This value serves as a pulse generator for the device control to effect the above-described evaporator connection.
- the possibly occurring too low compartment temperature in the switched compartment can be intercepted by a somewhat too warm regulation of individual subjects.
- the connected compartment remains switched on only until the suction line temperature exceeds the above limit plus a certain Temperature value (eg 5 K or 10K) has heated. Should the addition of a subject not be sufficient, successively another subject will be added.
- the temperature sensor on the suction line can also be dispensed with and it is possible to control e.g. by a time function (e.g., if Tray 1 is on for 10 minutes, then Tray 2 will be turned on, etc.)
- a time function e.g., if Tray 1 is on for 10 minutes, then Tray 2 will be turned on, etc.
- the single figure shows a schematic view of an area of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigerator and / or freezer according to the invention with three evaporators, which can be acted upon at the same time with refrigerant in case of need.
- the reference numeral 10 denotes the condenser or a line leading from the condenser. By means of the condenser 10 heat is dissipated to the environment.
- Reference numeral 20 designates a 4-way valve which has the task of guiding the liquefied refrigerant in the liquefier as needed to one or more of the evaporators 30, 40, 50.
- the valve 20 is designed such that each evaporator 30, 40, 50 can be individually supplied with refrigerant, or that several or all of the evaporators 30 - 50 can be supplied with refrigerant.
- the valve 20 is designed such that any combinations of the evaporator 30 - 50 can be supplied with refrigerant.
- the distribution of the refrigerant depends on the refrigeration demand of the compartment (s) to which the evaporators 30-50 are assigned.
- compartment for example, individual subjects, such as a refrigerator compartment, a freezer or a cold storage compartment, or Parts of such subjects, such as individual drawers, etc. may affect.
- the term “compartment” also encompasses individual regions or zones of a compartment.
- valve 20 instead of the valve 20, all other means can be used by means of which the refrigerant in the desired manner to one or more of the evaporator 30 - 50 can be distributed.
- each evaporator prefferably has an open-close valve or other shut-off means per supply line.
- each one of the evaporators 30-50 is assigned to exactly one compartment and / or that an evaporator 30-50 is assigned to several compartments and / or that one compartment is cooled by a plurality of evaporators 30-50.
- shut-off means Downstream of the evaporators 30-50, i. in the section of the refrigerant circuit which in the figure to the right connects to the evaporators 30-50 all the way to the compressor 70, no shut-off means, i. In particular, no valves provided.
- the discharge lines of the evaporators 30-50, through which the refrigerant is removed from the evaporators, are simply, i. without a valve or the like connected to each other. That the suction pipes of the evaporators communicate with each other. They are merged at the point 60 to a common suction line, which also has no shut-off and leads directly to the compressor 70.
- the distribution of the refrigerant to the evaporator 30-50 thus takes place exclusively upstream of the evaporator 30-50.
- the compressor 70 is connected via a line, not shown, with the condenser 10, so that there is a closed refrigerant circuit.
- shut-off means and / or other components of a refrigerant circuit such as e.g. Collector arranged.
- a control or regulation recognizes when the evaporator of a compartment or compartment is to be switched off.
- the switch-off value of this compartment is increased to such an extent that the temperature setpoint in the compartment is reached even with the said post-evaporation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit wenigstens einem Kältemittelkreislauf mit zwei oder mehr als zwei parallel zueinander verschalteten Verdampfern, die vorzugsweise unterschiedliche Kompartimente des Kühlund/oder Gefriergerätes kühlen, sowie mit wenigstens einem Verdichter, mittels dessen die Verdampfer mit Kältemittel beaufschlagbar sind.The present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one refrigerant circuit having two or more than two parallel connected evaporators, which preferably cool different compartments of the refrigerator and / or freezer, and with at least one compressor, by means of which the evaporator can be acted upon with refrigerant are.
Aus dem Stand sind Kühl- und/oder Gefriergeräte bekannt, die mehrere Verdampfer aufweisen, mittels derer mehrere Kompartimente, wie beispielsweise ein Gefrierfach und ein Kühlfach gekühlt werden. Bei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Geräten wird das Kältemittel sequentiell in jeden Verdampfer einzeln eingebracht. Eine gleichzeitige Versorgung mehrerer Verdampfer mit Kältemittel ist bei diesen Geräten nicht möglich.From the state refrigerators and / or freezers are known which have a plurality of evaporators, by means of which several compartments, such as a freezer compartment and a refrigerated compartment are cooled. In devices known from the prior art, the refrigerant is introduced sequentially into each evaporator individually. A simultaneous supply of several evaporators with refrigerant is not possible with these devices.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind jedoch auch Kühl- und/oder Gefriergeräte bekannt, bei denen gleichzeitig mehreren parallel geschalteten Verdampfern Kältemittel zugeführt wird. Den Verdampfern sind üblicherweise Ventile, wie beispielsweise Rückschlagventile oder Steuerventile oder sonstige Komponenten, wie z.B. Kältemittelsammler nachgeschaltet, die sich in dem oder den Leitungsabschnitten zwischen Verdampferausgang und Verdichtereinlass befinden. Ein derartiger Aufbau eines Kältemittelkreislaufes ist vergleichsweise komplex.However, refrigerators and / or freezers are also known from the state of the art in which, at the same time, a plurality of evaporators connected in parallel is supplied with refrigerant. The evaporators are usually valves, such as check valves or control valves or other components, such as refrigerant collector downstream, which are located in the one or more line sections between evaporator outlet and compressor inlet. Such a construction of a refrigerant circuit is comparatively complex.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass es einen einfachen Aufbau aufweist.The present invention is therefore the object of developing a refrigerator and / or freezer of the type mentioned in such a way that it has a simple structure.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a refrigerator and / or freezer with the features of claim 1.
Danach ist vorgesehen, dass das Gerät wenigstens eine in mehrere Stellungen bewegbare Steuereinrichtung aufweist, die in Strömungsrichtung des Kältemittels stromaufwärts der Verdampfer angeordnet und derart ausgeführt ist, dass sie das Kältemittel auf die Verdampfer verteilt, wobei die von den Verdampfern abführenden Leitungen des Kältemittelkreislaufes miteinander kommunizieren und keine Absperrmittel aufweisen.Thereafter, it is provided that the device comprises at least one movable in a plurality of positions control device, which is arranged in the flow direction of the refrigerant upstream of the evaporator and designed such that it distributes the refrigerant to the evaporator, wherein the laxatives from the evaporators lines of the refrigerant circuit communicate with each other and have no shut-off.
Die Steuereinrichtung dient dazu, das vom Verflüssiger kommende Kältemittel auf die Verdampfer zu verteilen.The control device serves to distribute the refrigerant coming from the condenser to the evaporator.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass stromabwärts der Verdampfer keine Absperrmittel, vorzugsweise keine Ventile oder dergleichen vorgesehen sind, sondern dass die Saugleitungen, d.h. die von den Verdampfern abführenden Leitungen keine Absperrmittel aufweisen, mittels derer der Kältemittelstrom absperrbar oder drosselbar ist. Dadurch ergibt sich ein besonders einfacher und kostengünstiger Aufbau des Gerätes.According to the invention it is provided that downstream of the evaporator no shut-off means, preferably no valves or the like are provided, but that the suction lines, i. the lines discharging from the evaporators have no blocking means by means of which the refrigerant flow can be shut off or throttled. This results in a particularly simple and inexpensive construction of the device.
Der Kältemittelstrom wird lediglich durch die stromaufwärtige Steuereinrichtung auf die Verdampfer verteilt, wohingegen stromabwärts der Verdampfer keine derartige Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen ist.The refrigerant flow is distributed only to the evaporators by the upstream control means, whereas downstream of the evaporators no such control means is provided.
Denkbar ist es, dass die von den Verdampfern abführenden Leitungen in wenigstens eine gemeinsame Leitung münden, d.h. zu wenigstens einer gemeinsamen Leitung zusammengeführt werden, die vorzugsweise ebenfalls keine Absperrmittel aufweist. Diese gemeinsame Leitung bildet in diesem Fall die Saugleitung des Verdichters.It is conceivable that the lines discharging from the evaporators open into at least one common line, i. be merged to at least one common line, which preferably also has no shut-off. In this case, this common line forms the suction line of the compressor.
Die genannte Steuereinrichtung kann durch wenigstens ein Mehrwegeventil oder durch einzelne Ventile gebildet werden, die jeweils in den zu den Verdampfern führenden Leitungen angeordnet sind. Möglich wäre beispielsweise ein herkömmliches Stopp-Ventil in jeder einzelnen der zu den Verdampfern führenden Leitungen.Said control means may be constituted by at least one multi-way valve or by individual valves respectively arranged in the lines leading to the evaporators. For example, a conventional stop valve would be possible in each of the individual lines leading to the evaporators.
Die Steuereinrichtung kann derart ausgeführt sein, dass im Normalbetrieb des Gerätes in einer ersten Arbeitsstellung der Steuereinrichtung jeder der Verdampfer einzeln mit Kältemittel versorgt wird und/oder in einer zweiten Arbeitsstellung der Steuereinrichtung Gruppen der Verdampfern gleichzeitig mit Kältemittel versorgt werden und/oder in einer dritten Arbeitsstellung alle Verdampfer gleichzeitig mit Kältemittel versorgt werden.The control device can be designed such that in normal operation of the device in a first working position of the control device, each of the evaporators is individually supplied with refrigerant and / or in a second working position of the control means groups of evaporators are simultaneously supplied with refrigerant and / or in a third working position all evaporators are supplied with refrigerant at the same time.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass wenigstens einem der Kompartimente ein Ausschaltwert zugeordnet ist, bei dem es sich um den Temperaturistwert des Kompartimentes handelt, bei dem die Kältemittelzufuhr zu dem dem Kompartiment zugeordneten Verdampfer unterbunden wird. Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Gerät wenigstens eine Steuer- oder Regelungseinrichtung aufweist, die derart ausgeführt ist, dass sie den Ausschaltwert des Kompartimentes erhöht, wenn der Temperaturistwert des Kompartimentes nach Abschalten des Verdampfers ansonsten unter den Temperatursollwert für dieses Kompartiment fallen würde.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one of the compartments is associated with a switch-off, which is the actual temperature of the compartment, in which the refrigerant supply to the evaporator associated with the compartment is suppressed. Furthermore, it can be provided that the device has at least one control or regulating device which is designed such that it increases the switch-off of the compartment, if the actual temperature of the compartment after switching off the evaporator would otherwise fall below the temperature setpoint for this compartment.
Bei der parallelen Einspritzung, d.h. beim gleichzeitigen Betrieb von wenigstens zwei parallel verschalteten Verdampfern, kann es zu dem Phänomen der "Nachverdampfung" kommen. Werden beispielsweise zwei Verdampfer gleichzeitig mit Kältemittel beaufschlagt, und wird ein Verdampfer ausgeschaltet (d.h. dessen Kältemittelzufuhr unterbunden), wenn das dem Verdampfer zugeordnete Fach seine Solltemperatur erreicht hat, verdampft noch das restliche Kältemittel und die Temperatur sinkt unter den Ausschaltwert, d.h. unter den Sollwert.In the parallel injection, ie the simultaneous operation of at least two parallel connected evaporators, it can come to the phenomenon of "re-evaporation". For example, when two evaporators are simultaneously exposed to refrigerant, and an evaporator is turned off (ie its refrigerant supply prevented), when the compartment associated with the evaporator has reached its setpoint temperature, the remaining refrigerant still evaporates and the temperature drops below the switch-off value, ie below the setpoint value.
Um diesen Effekt zu vermeiden, erkennt die Steuer- oder Regelungseinrichtung, dass bei parallelem Betrieb von wenigstens zwei Verdampfern der einem Kompartiment zugeordnete Verdampfer ausgeschaltet wird bzw. werden soll. Dann wird der Ausschaltwert entsprechend erhöht, so dass mit der Nachverdampfung der Temperatursollwert in dem fraglichen Kompartiment erreicht wird.In order to avoid this effect, the control or regulation device recognizes that, in the case of parallel operation of at least two evaporators, the evaporator assigned to one compartment is or will be switched off. Then the switch-off value is increased accordingly, so that the re-evaporation of the temperature setpoint in the compartment in question is achieved.
Weiterhin können Vergleichsmittel vorgesehen sein, die derart ausgeführt sind, dass sie den Temperaturistwert in dem fraglichen Kompartiment nach dem Abschalten des diesem zugeordneten Verdampfers mit einem Temperatursollwert des Kompartimentes vergleichen, wobei die Steuer ― oder Regelungseinrichtung derart ausgeführt ist, dass sie die Anhebung des Ausschaltwertes in Abhängigkeit des durch die Vergleichsmittel vorgenommenen Vergleiches vornimmt.Furthermore, comparison means can be provided, which are designed such that they compare the actual temperature value in the compartment in question after switching off the vaporizer associated therewith with a temperature setpoint of the compartment, wherein the control or regulating device is designed such that it increases the switch-off value in Depending on the comparison made by the comparison means makes.
Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, einen Ausschaltwert derart einzustellen, dass in dem Kompartiment nach Abschalten des zugeordneten Verdampfers stets der gewünschte Temperaturistwert erreicht wird.In this way, it is possible to set a switch-off value such that the desired actual temperature is always reached in the compartment after switching off the associated evaporator.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerätes mit wenigstens einem Kältemittelkreislauf mit zwei oder mehr als zwei parallel verschalteten Verdampfern, die vorzugsweise unterschiedliche Kompartimente des Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerätes kühlen, sowie mit wenigstens einem Verdichter, der Kältemittel zu den Verdampfern fördert, wobei die Kältemittelströme nach dem Durchströmen der Verdampfer durch miteinander kommunizierende Leitungen abgeführt werden, die keine Absperrmittel aufweisen.The present invention further relates to a method for operating a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one refrigerant circuit with two or more than two evaporators connected in parallel, which preferably cool different compartments of the refrigerator and / or freezer, and with at least one compressor, the refrigerant to the evaporators promotes, the refrigerant streams are discharged after passing through the evaporator by communicating with each other, which have no shut-off.
Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass wenigstens einem der Kompartimente ein Ausschaltwert zugeordnet ist, bei dem es sich um den Temperaturistwert des Kompartimentes handelt, bei dem die Kältemittelzufuhr zu dem dem Kompartiment zugeordneten Verdampfer unterbunden wird, wobei der Ausschaltwert des Kompartimentes erhöht wird, wenn der Temperaturistwert nach Abschalten des Verdampfers unter den Ausschaltwert fällt, um zu vermeiden, dass durch eine etwaige Nachverdampfung von Kältemittel eine Temperatur in dem Kompartiment erreicht wird, die unterhalb des Sollwertes liegt.Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one of the compartments is associated with a switch-off value, which is the temperature actual value of the compartment in which the refrigerant supply is assigned to the compartment assigned to the compartment Evaporator is inhibited, wherein the switch-off of the compartment is increased when the actual temperature falls after switching off the evaporator below the switch-off, to avoid that any re-evaporation of refrigerant reaches a temperature in the compartment, which is below the setpoint.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät so ausgelegt ist, dass ein vergleichsweise häufiger Betrieb des Verdichters erfolgt. So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, dass die relative Einschaltdauer des Verdichters > 10 %, vorzugsweise > 40 %, vorzugsweise > 60 % oder vorzugsweise > 80 % beträgt.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the refrigerator and / or freezer is designed so that a comparatively frequent operation of the compressor takes place. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, that the relative duty cycle of the compressor is> 10%, preferably> 40%, preferably> 60% or preferably> 80%.
Unter der relativen Einschaltdauer des Verdichters ist das Verhältnis aus dessen Betriebszeiten und der Summe aus Betriebs- und Stillstandszeiten zu verstehen.The relative duty cycle of the compressor is to be understood as the ratio of its operating times and the sum of operating and standstill times.
Mit unter besteht das Problem, dass bei Betrieb von nur einem Fach das Fach überfüllt wird und somit die Saugleitungstemperatur stark absinkt, was zur Eisbildung und/oder Kondensation auf der Rückseite des Gerätes führen kann.Under with the problem that when operating only one compartment, the compartment is overcrowded and thus the suction line temperature drops sharply, which can lead to ice formation and / or condensation on the back of the device.
Um dieses Problem zu lösen, kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass für den Fall, dass die Saugleitungstemperatur eines Faches oder die Saugleitungstemperatur nach der Zusammenführung der Saugleitungen der einzelnen Fächer unter einen Grenzwert, beispielsweise 10°C (15°C, 0°C) sinkt, das wärmste nicht betriebene Fach für eine bestimmte Zeit eingeschaltet wird, um die Saugleitungstemperatur zu erhöhen. Dies geschieht durch die erhöhte Wärmelast infolge Zuschaltens eines weiteren Verdampfers. Ein Temperatursensor an der Saugleitung mißt die entsprechende Saugleitungstemperatur. Dieser Wert dient als Impulsgeber für die Gerätesteuerung, um die oben beschriebene Verdampferzuschaltung zu bewirken. Die dadurch evtl. eintretende zu tiefe Fachtemperatur im zugeschalteten Fach kann durch eine jeweils etwas zu warme Regelung der Einzelfächer abgefangen werden. Ferner bleibt das zugeschaltete Fach nur solange zugeschaltet, bis sich die Saugleitungstemperatur über den obigen Grenzwert plus ein bestimmter Temperaturwert (z.B. 5 K oder 10K) erwärmt hat. Sollte die Zuschaltung eines Faches nicht ausreichen, so wird sukzessive ein weiteres Fach hinzugeschaltet.In order to solve this problem, it can be provided according to the invention that, in the event that the suction line temperature of a compartment or the suction line temperature falls below a limit, for example 10 ° C. (15 ° C., 0 ° C.) after the merging of the suction lines of the individual compartments Turn on the warmest non-operated compartment for a specified time to increase the suction line temperature. This is done by the increased heat load as a result of connecting another evaporator. A temperature sensor on the suction line measures the corresponding suction line temperature. This value serves as a pulse generator for the device control to effect the above-described evaporator connection. The possibly occurring too low compartment temperature in the switched compartment can be intercepted by a somewhat too warm regulation of individual subjects. Furthermore, the connected compartment remains switched on only until the suction line temperature exceeds the above limit plus a certain Temperature value (eg 5 K or 10K) has heated. Should the addition of a subject not be sufficient, successively another subject will be added.
Der Temperatursensor an der Saugleitung kann gegebenenfalls auch entfallen und man steuert z.B. durch eine Zeitfunktion (z.B. wenn Fach 1 10 min an, dann schalte Fach 2 dazu usw.)If appropriate, the temperature sensor on the suction line can also be dispensed with and it is possible to control e.g. by a time function (e.g., if Tray 1 is on for 10 minutes, then Tray 2 will be turned on, etc.)
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Further details and advantages of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.
Die einzige Figur zeigt in schematischer Ansicht einen Bereich eines Kältemittelkreislaufes eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerätes mit drei Verdampfern, die im Bedarfsfalle zeitgleich mit Kältemittel beaufschlagt werden können.The single figure shows a schematic view of an area of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigerator and / or freezer according to the invention with three evaporators, which can be acted upon at the same time with refrigerant in case of need.
In der Figur ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 der Verflüssiger oder eine vom Verflüssiger führende Leitung gekennzeichnet. Mittels des Verflüssigers 10 wird Wärme an die Umgebung abgeführt.In the figure, the
Mit dem Bezugszeichen 20 ist ein 4-Wege-Ventil gekennzeichnet, das die Aufgabe hat, das in dem Verflüssiger verflüssigte Kältemittel je nach Bedarf zu einem oder mehreren der Verdampfer 30, 40, 50 zu führen.
Das Ventil 20 ist derart ausgeführt, dass jeder Verdampfer 30, 40, 50 einzeln mit Kältemittel beaufschlagt werden kann, oder dass mehrere oder alle der Verdampfer 30 ― 50 mit Kältemittel versorgt werden können. Das Ventil 20 ist derart ausgestaltet, dass beliebige Kombinationen der Verdampfer 30 ― 50 mit Kältemittel versorgt werden können. Die Verteilung des Kältemittels hängt von dem Kältebedarf des oder der Kompartimente ab, denen die Verdampfer 30 ― 50 zugeordnet sind.The
An dieser Stelle sei erwähnt, dass der Begriff "Kompartiment" beispielsweise einzelne Fächer, wie z.B. ein Kühlfach, ein Gefrierfach oder ein Kaltlagerfach, oder Teilbereiche solcher Fächer, wie z.B. einzelne Schubladen etc. betreffen kann. Der Begriff "Kompartiment" umfasst gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung jedoch auch einzelne Bereiche bzw. Zonen eines Kompartimentes.At this point it should be mentioned that the term "compartment" for example, individual subjects, such as a refrigerator compartment, a freezer or a cold storage compartment, or Parts of such subjects, such as individual drawers, etc. may affect. However, according to the present invention, the term "compartment" also encompasses individual regions or zones of a compartment.
Anstelle des Ventils 20 sind auch alle anderen Mittel einsetzbar, mittels derer das Kältemittel in der gewünschten Weise auf einen oder mehrere der Verdampfer 30 ― 50 verteilbar ist.Instead of the
Denkbar ist es beispielsweise auch, dass pro Zufuhrleitung jedes Verdampfers ein Auf-Zu-Ventil oder ein sonstiges Absperrmittel vorgesehen ist.It is also conceivable, for example, for each evaporator to have an open-close valve or other shut-off means per supply line.
Weiterhin ist es denkbar, dass je einer der Verdampfer 30 ― 50 genau einem Kompartiment zugeordnet ist und/oder dass ein Verdampfer 30 ― 50 mehreren Kompartimenten zugeordnet ist und/oder dass ein Kompartiment von mehreren Verdampfern 30 ― 50 gekühlt wird.Furthermore, it is conceivable that each one of the evaporators 30-50 is assigned to exactly one compartment and / or that an evaporator 30-50 is assigned to several compartments and / or that one compartment is cooled by a plurality of evaporators 30-50.
Stromabwärts der Verdampfer 30 ― 50, d.h. in dem Abschnitt des Kältemittelkreislaufes, der sich in der Figur rechts an die Verdampfer 30 ― 50 bis hin zum Kompressor 70 anschließt, sind keine Absperrmittel, d.h. insbesondere keine Ventile vorgesehen.Downstream of the evaporators 30-50, i. in the section of the refrigerant circuit which in the figure to the right connects to the evaporators 30-50 all the way to the
An der Stelle 60 werden die Abfuhrleitungen der Verdampfer 30 ― 50, durch die das Kältemittel aus den Verdampfern abgeführt wird, einfach, d.h. ohne ein Ventil oder dergleichen miteinander verbunden. D.h. die Saugleitungen der Verdampfer kommunizieren miteinander. Sie werden an der Stelle 60 zu einer gemeinsamen Saugleitung zusammengeführt, die ebenfalls kein Absperrmittel aufweist und unmittelbar zum Verdichter 70 führt.At
Die Verteilung des Kältemittels auf die Verdampfer 30 ― 50 erfolgt somit ausschließlich stromaufwärts der Verdampfer 30 ― 50.The distribution of the refrigerant to the evaporator 30-50 thus takes place exclusively upstream of the evaporator 30-50.
Der Verdichter 70 steht über eine nicht dargestellte Leitung mit dem Verflüssiger 10 in Verbindung, so dass sich ein geschlossener Kältemittelkreislauf ergibt.The
Vorzugsweise sind weder in den Abfuhrleitungen der Verdampfer 30 ― 50 noch in der zum Verdichter 70 führenden gemeinsamen Saugleitung Absperrmittel und/oder sonstige Bestandteile eines Kältemittelkreislaufes, wie z.B. Sammler angeordnet.Preferably, neither in the discharge lines of the evaporator 30-50 nor in the common suction line leading to the
Bei der parallelen Einspritzung, d.h. Beaufschlagung der Verdampfer mit Kältemittel kommt es zu der sog. "Nachverdampfung". Werden beispielsweise zwei Fächer gleichzeitig gekühlt und schaltet ein Fach aus (d.h. dessen Verdampfer wird nicht mehr mit Kältemittel versorgt), nachdem der Ausschaltwert erreicht ist, kann es dazu kommen, dass das restliche Kältemittel verdampft, was zur Folge hat, dass die Temperatur in dem betreffenden Kompartiment unter den Ausschaltwert fällt.In the parallel injection, i. Loading the evaporator with refrigerant leads to the so-called "post-evaporation". For example, if two compartments are cooled at the same time and a compartment is switched off (ie, its evaporator is no longer supplied with refrigerant) after the switch-off value has been reached, the residual refrigerant may evaporate, with the result that the temperature in the compartment evaporates compartment falls below the switch-off value.
Um dies zu verhindern, kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine Steuerung oder Regelung erkennt, wenn der Verdampfer eines Faches bzw. Kompartimentes ausgeschaltet werden soll. In diesem Fall wird der Ausschaltwert dieses Faches so weit erhöht, dass auch mit der genannten Nachverdampfung der Temperatursollwert in dem Fach erreicht wird.To prevent this, it can be provided that a control or regulation recognizes when the evaporator of a compartment or compartment is to be switched off. In this case, the switch-off value of this compartment is increased to such an extent that the temperature setpoint in the compartment is reached even with the said post-evaporation.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010009710 | 2010-03-01 | ||
DE102010018543A DE102010018543A1 (en) | 2010-03-01 | 2010-04-28 | Fridge and / or freezer |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2363665A2 true EP2363665A2 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
EP2363665A3 EP2363665A3 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
EP2363665B1 EP2363665B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP11001639.1A Active EP2363665B1 (en) | 2010-03-01 | 2011-02-28 | Refrigeration and/or freezer device |
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DE4100749A1 (en) * | 1991-01-12 | 1992-07-16 | Danfoss As | Regulator device for refrigerator - cools each evaporator in air current to chamber and has air temp. probe in each evaporator air flow |
DE19547744A1 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-06-26 | Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Refrigerator |
DE10260350B4 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2015-11-26 | Lg Electronics Inc. | A method of controlling operation of a dual evaporator cooling system |
JP2006177632A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Denso Corp | Refrigerating cycle |
KR100800591B1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-02-04 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Control method of refrigerator |
JP5210626B2 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Refrigeration equipment for land transportation and operation control method for refrigeration equipment for land transportation |
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2010
- 2010-04-28 DE DE102010018543A patent/DE102010018543A1/en not_active Ceased
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EP2363665B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
EP2363665A3 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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