EP2360346B1 - Connector for riser lengths comprising flanges, internal locking ring and external annular locking element - Google Patents
Connector for riser lengths comprising flanges, internal locking ring and external annular locking element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2360346B1 EP2360346B1 EP11290064.2A EP11290064A EP2360346B1 EP 2360346 B1 EP2360346 B1 EP 2360346B1 EP 11290064 A EP11290064 A EP 11290064A EP 2360346 B1 EP2360346 B1 EP 2360346B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connector
- ring
- tenons
- flange
- male
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/08—Casing joints
- E21B17/085—Riser connections
- E21B17/0853—Connections between sections of riser provided with auxiliary lines, e.g. kill and choke lines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of drilling and oil field exploitation in very deep sea. It relates to a connector for assembling two riser sections,
- a riser commonly called “riser” consists of a set of tubular elements, assembled by connectors.
- Tubular elements generally consist of a main tube provided with connector at each end.
- the main tube is provided with auxiliary lines commonly but not exclusively called “kill line”, “choke line”, “booster line” and “hydraulic line” which allow the circulation of technical fluids to the well and formation fluids to the surface .
- the tubular elements are assembled on the drilling site, from a floating support. The column descends into the water portion as the assembly of the tubular elements, until reaching the wellhead located on the seabed.
- the need to reduce the assembly time of the risers is all the more critical as the water depth, and therefore the length of the column, are important.
- the documents FR 2 891 577 , FR 2 891 578 , FR 2 891 579 and FR 2 925 105 describe various solutions including proposing to involve the auxiliary pipes, together with the main tube, the recovery of the longitudinal forces applied to the riser.
- the present invention describes an alternative solution that provides a compact design of connectors well suited for risers installed in deep sea, that is to say at a depth greater than 2000 meters.
- the present invention relates to a connector for assembling two riser sections for offshore well drilling operations.
- the connector comprises a first main tube member extended by a male connector member provided with a male flange pierced by at least one orifice in which a first auxiliary tube member is integrally secured, and a second main tube member extended by a female connector member provided with a female flange pierced by at least one orifice in which a second auxiliary tube member is solidarily fixed.
- the male connector member engages the female connector member to connect the two main tube members and the two auxiliary tube members.
- the invention is characterized in that the connector comprises a locking ring and a locking ring.
- the locking ring is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the male flange, the locking ring cooperating with the outer surfaces of the male and female flanges to assemble the male flange with the female flange.
- the locking ring is rotatably mounted on the male connector member, the locking ring cooperating with the inner surface of the female connector to assemble the male connector to the female connector.
- the locking ring can be locked in translation by an axial shoulder formed on the male flange, and the ring can be provided with lugs which cooperate with the lugs arranged on the outer surface of the female flange.
- the tenons of the locking ring may be disposed on the inner surface of the ring.
- the locking ring may have a number of tenons equal to the number of auxiliary lines operating in a hyperstatic mode.
- Said axial shoulder formed on the male flange may comprise teeth which cooperate with teeth disposed on the inner surface of the ring.
- the connector may comprise stops to limit the rotation of the locking ring between an open position and a closed position.
- the connector may comprise immobilization means for locking the ring in rotation at least in the open position and in the closed position.
- the ring may be provided with tenons which cooperate with tenons arranged on the inner surface of the female connector element.
- Each of the tenons of the locking ring and the male flange may extend over an angular lower than the smallest of the values 180 ⁇ ° NOT and 360 ⁇ ° NOT - 180 ⁇ ° P - 5 ⁇ ° ,
- N is the number of tenons of the locking ring disposed on a circumference of the ring
- P being the number of tenons of the ring disposed on a circumference of the ring.
- the locking ring may be tubular in shape, provided with at least one lateral opening.
- the ring may have a cylindrical surface portion that cooperates with a cylindrical surface portion of the male flange at the periphery of the male flange.
- Each of the auxiliary tube elements may be in axial abutment against a shoulder formed in the orifices.
- the locking ring may be integral in rotation with the locking ring.
- At least one of the members selected from the group consisting of a main tube member and an auxiliary line member may comprise a steel tube fretted by composite ribbons.
- Said composite ribbons can comprise glass, carbon or aramid fibers, embedded in a polymer matrix.
- At least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of a main tube element and an auxiliary pipe element may be composed of a material selected from the list consisting of a composite material comprising coated reinforcing fibers. in a polymer matrix, an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy.
- the invention also proposes a riser comprising at least two riser sections assembled by a connector according to the invention, in which the longitudinal tension forces are distributed between the main tube element and the auxiliary tube element.
- the figure 1 schematically a riser 1 installed at sea to exploit a G deposit.
- the riser 1 extends the well P and extends from the wellhead 2 to the floating support 3, for example a platform or a boat.
- the wellhead 2 is provided with shutter commonly called “BOP” or “Blow Out Preventer”.
- the riser is constituted by the assembly of several sections 4 assembled end to end by the connectors 5. Each section is composed of a main tube element 6 provided with at least one peripheral pipe element 7.
- the auxiliary pipes called “kill line” or “choke line” are used to ensure the safety of the well during the course of the procedures for controlling the inflow of fluids under pressure in the well.
- the pipe called “booster line” allows to inject mud at the bottom of the riser.
- the pipe called “hydraulic line” is used to transfer a hydraulic fluid to control the shutters of the wellhead.
- the figure 2 schematically represents a section 4 of the riser.
- the section comprises a main tube element 10 whose axis AA 'constitutes the axis of the riser.
- the tube 11 constitutes an auxiliary line or line disposed parallel to the axis AA '.
- the element 11 has a length substantially equal to the length of the main tube element 10, generally between 10 and 30 meters.
- a connector 5 shown on the figure 1 consists of two designated elements, with reference to the figure 2 by the female connection element 12 and the male connection element 13.
- the elements 12 and 13 are mounted at the ends of the main pipe element 10.
- the female connection element 12 is composed of a flange 14
- the male connection element 13 is composed of a flange 15 mounted on a male element 16.
- the flange 15 and the element 16 may be composed of a single piece.
- the female element 12 of the connector is integral with the tube 10, for example by means of the welding 18, screwing, crimping or wedging connection.
- the male element 13 of the connector is secured to the tube 10, for example by means of the welding 19, screwing, crimping or binding by binding.
- the locking ring 17 and the locking ring 40 make it possible to assemble the male connection element 13 with the female connection element 12.
- the elements 12 and 13, the ring 17 and the ring 40 form the connector 5 which transmits forces of a rising column section to the next section, in particular the longitudinal forces, that is to say the tension forces directed along the axis AA ', to which the riser is subjected.
- the connector 5 can be designed and sized to meet the specifications defined by the standards published by the American Petroleum Institute, including APl 16 R, APl 16F, APl 16Q and APl 2RD.
- the figure 3 represents a male tubular element 13 which is fitted into the female tubular element 12. A portion of the male element 16 enters the female tubular element 12. This interlocking is limited by the axial abutment 28 of the male element 16 which comes to bear against the female connector element 12.
- the connector 5 comprises a locking ring 17 which is positioned on the outer surface of the flanges 14 and 15.
- the ring 17 can be machined in a tube portion.
- the ring 17 is provided with each of its end stops which cooperate respectively with the flanges 14 and 15 to lock in translation along the axis AA 'the flanges 14 and 15.
- the locking ring 17 is rotatably mounted on the flange 15, while being locked in translation , along the direction of the AA 'axis.
- the ring 17 has at least one cylindrical inner surface portion of radius S and the outer peripheral surface of the flange 15 is cylindrical with a radius slightly smaller than S.
- the ring 17 is mounted on the flange 15 by centering the cylindrical surface inner ring on the outer cylindrical surface of the flange 15.
- the ring 17 has a flange 50 which forms a radial recess of the cylindrical inner surface of the ring 17.
- the ring rests on the shoulder axial 30 performed on the flange 15.
- the inner surface of the ring 17 has tenons.
- the flange 14 also has tenons disposed on its outer peripheral surface.
- the connector 5 further comprises a locking ring 40 which is positioned between the element 12 and the element 16.
- a locking ring 40 which is positioned between the element 12 and the element 16.
- part of the ring 40 enters the female element 12 so that the studs 33 of the ring 40 can cooperate with the pins 34 of the female element 12.
- the locking ring 40 is rotatably mounted on the male element 16 , while being locked in translation, in particular in the direction of the axis AA '.
- the ring 40 is mounted on the outer surface of the element 16. It is held in a defined housing and limited by the axial shoulder 41 formed on the element 16 and the axial shoulder 42 defined by the flange 15.
- the locking ring 40 on the element 16, it is possible to make the male connector element 13 in two parts 15 and 16.
- the ring 40 is mounted on the part 16 to abut against the shoulder axial 41 formed on the outer surface of the element 16.
- the flange 15 is secured to the element 16 so that the ring 40 abuts against the shoulder 42 of the element 16.
- the flange 15 is screwed or welded to the element 16, or as shown in FIG. figure 3 the flange 15 is held by the piece 43, which may be in two parts, housed in a groove formed in the element 13.
- the parts 15 and 16 of the element 13 may form a single piece.
- the ring 40 may consist of two parts which are assembled around the part 16 of the element 13.
- the locking and unlocking of the connector 5 are made by rotation of the ring 17 and by rotation of the locking ring 40 (locking bayonet type).
- the ring 17 and the ring 40 are provided with operating means, for example a maneuvering bar which can be dismountable.
- the operating means make it possible to pivot the ring 17 around the flanges 14 and 15 along the axis AA 'and, independently or simultaneously, to rotate the ring 40 around the element 16 along the axis AA'.
- the ring 17 can be secured to the ring 40 by a rigid connection (for example by means of rods or a recessed plate avoiding interference with the auxiliary lines when rotating the ring / ring lock assembly).
- Locking and unlocking means in the locked and unlocked position of the ring / ring system may be provided, for example by means of blocks, pins, pins or screws on the flange 15 and the ring 17.
- a guide means (not shown) on the flange 15 keeps the ring 17 in a locking position of the connector, even if axial forces are exerted on its lower end, for example in accidentally installing the riser section on the ring 17 during passage in the rotation table or during particular manipulations.
- the longitudinal forces that is to say the tension forces directed along the axis AA ', are transmitted from one section 4 to the adjacent section 4 on the one hand via the bayonet type connection between the 17 ring and flanges 14 and 15 and secondly via the bayonet type connection between the ring 16 and the element 12.
- the tension forces exerted according to the AA 'axis are transmitted from one riser section to another by the connector according to the following diagram: the tensioning forces are transmitted from the element 13 to the flange 15 by the ring 40 through the shoulders 41 and 42 , then by the flange 15 to the ring 17 by the shoulder 30, then the ring 17 transmits the tension forces to the flange 14 of the adjacent section via the tenons 32 of the ring 17 which cooperate with the tenons 31 of the flange 14.
- the tensioning forces exerted along the axis AA ' are transmitted from one riser section to another by the connector according to the following diagram: the tensile forces are transmitted from the element 13 to the ring 40 by the shoulder 41, then from the ring 40 to the element 12 by the t 33 and 34.
- the arrangement of the connector according to the invention makes it possible to transmit almost all the forces in the main tube via the inner ring 40, while the forces in the auxiliary lines are transmitted for a part via the inner ring 40 and for the remaining part via the outer ring 17.
- the sharing of forces in the auxiliary lines between the ring 40 and the ring 17 depends in particular on the force and the stiffness of the outer ring. It is therefore possible to determine a set of parameters of the connector according to the invention (for example the stiffness of the flanges 14 and 15, the ring 17, the tenons 31 and 32) so as to minimize the over-stresses in the induced auxiliary ducts. by the bending deformation of the flanges.
- the height of the ring 17 can be determined so that the distance between the lower face of the circular collar 50 and the upper face of the tenons 32 is equal to the distance between the flanges 14 and 15 increased by a set of implementation at least equal to that of the inner ring 40.
- a space is required between the two flanges 14 and 15 for housing the end pieces 26 and 27 of the auxiliary pipe tubes 11 and the play catch system.
- Openings may be provided in the parts of the ring 17 located, vertically and circumferentially, between the tenons. These openings allow, on the one hand to lighten the room, but also and especially to see the ends of the auxiliary pipe elements 11 at the time of their connection and to avoid damage that may result from a blind approach.
- the figure 4 shows in detail the respective studs 31 and 32 of the flange 14 and the ring 17.
- the pins 31 A and 31 B of the ring 31 of the flange 14 are shown in a developed view of the outer surface of the flange 14
- the tenons 32A and 32B of the ring gear 32 of the ring 17 are shown in a developed view of the inner surface of the ring 17.
- the studs 31A and 31B of the ring 17 cooperate with the tenons 32A and 32B of the flange 14 to form a bayonet assembly.
- the tenons of the flange 14 are positioned to the right of the elements 11 of auxiliary ducts which are integrally bonded to the flanges 14 and 15 and therefore operate in hyperstatic mode.
- the tenon crowns 31 and 32 may therefore each comprise 2, 3, 4 pins or more.
- a two-stud ring is shown to facilitate the reading of the drawing.
- a ring having a number of studs N equal to the number of auxiliary conduits 11 in the hyperstatic operating mode.
- these tenons can occupy only a reduced angular sector ⁇ .
- ⁇ can be at the smallest of the following values (I) and (II): 360 ⁇ ° NOT - 180 ⁇ ° P - 5 ⁇ ° preferably less than 360 ⁇ ° NOT - 180 ⁇ ° P - 10 ⁇ ° 180 ⁇ ° NOT in which N denotes the number of tenons of a ring (the ring gear 32) of the ring 17 and P denotes the number of tenons of a ring (the ring gear 33) of the ring 40 described below.
- the reduced angular sector corresponds to a developed tenon length sufficient to withstand the imposed constraints.
- each tenon of the ring 17 can occupy an angular sector of less than 40 °, preferably less than 35 °, imposed by the term (I). This arrangement of tenons occupying reduced angular sectors makes it possible to design an outer ring 17 with three angular positions as described hereinafter with reference to FIG. figure 5 .
- the figure 5 represents in detail the flange 50 of the ring 17 and the shoulder 30 of the flange 15.
- the flange 50 is constituted by a ring of teeth 50A and 50B and the shoulder 30 is constituted by a ring of teeth 30A and 30B.
- the flange 50 and the shoulder 30 have two teeth to facilitate reading of the drawing.
- a ring having a number of teeth N equal to the number of auxiliary lines 11 in the hyperstatic operating mode.
- the ring 17 is shown in three different positions A, B and C with respect to the flange 15.
- the reference A corresponds to the ring 17 in a disassembly position.
- the teeth 50A and 50B of the flange 50 can slide between the teeth 30A and 30B of the flange 15. Thus, it is possible to extract the ring from the flange 15.
- the reference B corresponds to the ring 17 in an open position allowing the interlocking of the connector.
- the teeth 50A and 50B of the collar 50 bear on a small portion H of the teeth 30A and 30B of the flange 15.
- the portion H corresponds to an angular sector less than 10 °, preferably less than 5 °.
- the reference C corresponds to the ring 17 in a closed position.
- the teeth 50A and 50B of the ring 17 are supported over their entire length on the teeth 30A and 30B allowing the transfer of forces.
- the figure 6 shows in detail the respective crowns 33 and 34 of the ring 40 and the element 12.
- the tenons 33A, 33B, 33C and 33D of the ring 33 of the ring 40 are shown in a developed view of the outer surface of the 40.
- the tenons 34A, 34B, 34C and 34D of the ring 34 of the element 12 are shown in a developed view of the inner surface of the element 12.
- the tenons 33A, 33B, 33C and 33D of the ring 40 cooperate with the pins 34A, 34B, 34C and 34D of the element 12 to form a bayonet assembly.
- the bayonet assembly system can provide between the tenons 34 of the element 12 and the tenons 33 of the ring 40 a contact on a total angular range that can almost reach 180 ° (the circular clearance between the tenons ).
- the ring 40 and the element 12 may each comprise two tenon rings: the tenons of the two rings of the ring 40 cooperate respectively with the tenons of the two rings of the element 12.
- the two assembly systems can be angularly offset around the axis AA ', the connector according to the invention makes it possible to distribute the axial loads over almost 360 ° around the axis.
- the number of tenons per ring and their geometry may vary, in particular according to the diameters of the inner tube and the forces to be transmitted by the connector.
- the auxiliary pipe element 11 is integrally bonded at each of its ends to the main pipe 10.
- the riser section 1 comprises at each of its ends fastening means 20 and 21, schematized on the figure 2 , which make it possible to link axially an auxiliary pipe element 11 to the main pipe 10.
- the means 20 and 21 make it possible to transmit longitudinal forces of the main pipe 10 to the elements 11.
- these fastening means 20 and 21 allow to distribute the tensioning forces applying to each of the riser sections, between the main tube 10 and the auxiliary pipe elements 11.
- the main tube 10 is extended by the shoulder or flange 14 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 11 can slide.
- the auxiliary tube element 11 comprises a stop 22, for example a nut or a shoulder for axially positioning the element 11 with respect to the flange 14.
- the stop 22 of the element 11 bears on the flange 14, for example against the axial shoulder 23 formed in the cylindrical passage so as to form a rigid connection.
- the main tube 10 is extended by the shoulder or flange 15 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary line element 11 can slide.
- the auxiliary pipe element 11 comprises a stop 24, for example a nut or a shoulder, for axially positioning the element 11 relative to the flange 15.
- the stop 24 of the element 11 bears on the flange 15, for example against the axial shoulder 25 formed in the cylindrical passage, so as to form a rigid connection.
- the flanges 14 and 15 have forms of revolution about the axis AA '.
- the flanges 14 and 15 extend the main tube members 10 by increasing the thickness and the outer section of the tube, to respectively form shoulders.
- the outer section of the flanges 14 and 15 varies progressively along the axis AA ', so as to avoid a sudden variation of section between the tube 10 and the shoulders which would weaken the mechanical strength of the connector 5.
- the fastening means 20 made up of the abutments 22 and 23 make it possible to block the axial translations of an element 11 in one direction with respect to the main tube 10.
- the fixing means 21 composed of abutments 24 and 25 make it possible to block the axial translations of an element 11 in the opposite direction with respect to the main tube.
- the combination of the fixing means 20 with the fixing means 21 makes it possible to completely secure the element 11 with respect to the main tube element 10.
- the elements 11 participate, together with the main tube element 10 at the recovery of the longitudinal forces applied in column 1.
- the shape and, in particular, the thickness of the flanges 14 and 15 are determined to support the longitudinal forces transmitted to the auxiliary pipe elements 11.
- a connector is composed of a male end 26 located at one end of the element 11 and a female end 27 located at the other end of the element 11.
- the male end 26 cooperates sealingly with the female tip 27
- the male member 26 of the connector is a tubular portion which fits into another tubular portion 27.
- the inner surface of the socket 27 is fitted to the outer surface of the tubular portion 27.
- Seals are mounted in grooves machined on the inner surface of the female member 27 to seal the connection.
- the connector allows axial movement of one of the elements 11 relative to each other, while maintaining the sealed connection between the two elements.
- the tube members 11 may be provided with a device for compensating the differences in length between the main tube 10 and the tube elements 11 due to manufacturing tolerances.
- the nut 29 is screwed onto the tip 26 so as to adjust the position of the stop 24 relative to the stop 25.
- the ring 17 and the ring 40 are held in the open position by the locking system.
- the male element 13 of one section is presented facing the female element 12 of another section.
- the female element 12 is suspended on a handling table and the section comprising the element 13 is operated by lifting means.
- the position of the auxiliary pipe elements 11 makes it possible to angularly position the element 13 with respect to the element 12.
- the male element 13 is slid longitudinally into the female element 12 until the two elements are nested and abut one against the other.
- the tenons of the ring 17 slide between the tenons of the flange 14 as described above, the tenons of the ring 40 slide between the tenons of the element 12 as described above and the male end pieces 26 of the elements 11 penetrate into the female ends 27 of the elements 11.
- the ring 17 and the ring 40 are released in rotation by acting on the locking system, then the ring 17 and the ring 40 are rotated about the axis of the connector.
- the rotation of the ring 17 and the ring 40 is performed until a closed position is reached, that is to say until the tenons of the ring 17 are positioned opposite the tenons of the flange 14 and until the tenons of the ring 40 are positioned opposite the tenons of the element 12.
- the locking system can limit the rotation of the ring and the ring.
- the riser assembly thus connected is lifted. This has the effect of putting the connector in tension and resume play of operation: the tenons 32 of the ring 17 actually come into contact with the tenons 31 of the flange 14 and the tenons 33 of the ring 40 actually come into contact with the pins 34 of the element 12.
- the main tube 10 and the auxiliary lines 11 can be made with elements of metal tubes of optimized resistance by a hoop made of a composite material. composed of fibers coated with polymer matrix.
- a tube hooping technique can be one that consists in winding under tension of the strips of composite material around a metal tubular body, described in the documents FR 2,828,121 , FR 2 828 262 , US 4,514,254 .
- the ribbons consist of fibers, for example glass, carbon or aramid fibers, the fibers being embedded in a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer matrix, such as a polyamide.
- the thickness of composite material wound around the tubular body of metal, preferably steel, is determined according to the shrinkage preload necessary for the tube to withstand the pressure and tensile forces according to the rules of the art. .
- the tube elements 10 and 11 forming the main tube and the auxiliary lines may be composed of an aluminum alloy.
- the aluminum alloys referenced 1050 1100 2014 2024 3003 5052 6063 6082 5083 5086 6061 6013 7050 7075 7055 can be used by ASTM (American Standard for Testing and Material) or aluminum alloys marketed under the references C405 CU31 C555 CU92 C805 C855 C70H by the company ALCOA.
- the tube elements 10 and 11 forming the main tube and the auxiliary lines may be composed of composite material consisting of fibers embedded in a polymer matrix.
- the fibers may be carbon, glass or aramid fibers.
- the polymer matrix may be of thermoplastic material such as polyethylene, polyamide (in particular PA11, PA6, PA6-6 or PA12), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- the polymer matrix may also be of thermosetting material such as epoxies.
- the tube elements 10 and 11 forming the main tube and the auxiliary lines may be composed of a titanium alloy.
- a Ti-6-4 titanium alloy alloy having, in percent by weight, at least 85% titanium, about 6% aluminum, and 4% vanadium
- Ti-6 alloy can be used.
- -6-2 comprising in weight percent, about 6% aluminum, 6% vanadium and 2% tin and at least 80% titanium.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Description
La présente invention a trait au domaine du forage et de l'exploitation pétrolière de gisement en mer très profonde. Elle concerne un connecteur pour assembler deux tronçons de colonne montante,The present invention relates to the field of drilling and oil field exploitation in very deep sea. It relates to a connector for assembling two riser sections,
Une colonne montante de forage, couramment nommée "riser", est constituée par un ensemble d'éléments tubulaires, assemblés par des connecteurs. Les éléments tubulaires sont généralement constitués d'un tube principal muni de connecteur à chaque extrémité. Le tube principal est pourvu de conduites auxiliaires couramment mais pas exclusivement nommées "kill line", "choke line", "booster line" et "hydraulic line" qui permettent la circulation de fluides techniques vers le puits et de fluides de formation vers la surface. Les éléments tubulaires sont assemblés sur le lieu de forage, à partir d'un support flottant. La colonne descend dans la tranche d'eau au fur et à mesure de l'assemblage des éléments tubulaires, jusqu'à atteindre la tête de puits située sur le fond marin.A riser, commonly called "riser", consists of a set of tubular elements, assembled by connectors. Tubular elements generally consist of a main tube provided with connector at each end. The main tube is provided with auxiliary lines commonly but not exclusively called "kill line", "choke line", "booster line" and "hydraulic line" which allow the circulation of technical fluids to the well and formation fluids to the surface . The tubular elements are assembled on the drilling site, from a floating support. The column descends into the water portion as the assembly of the tubular elements, until reaching the wellhead located on the seabed.
Dans l'optique de forer à des profondeurs d'eau pouvant atteindre 3500 m ou plus, le poids de la colonne montante devient très pénalisant. Ce phénomène est aggravé par le fait que, pour une même pression maximale de service, la longueur de la colonne impose un diamètre intérieur des conduites auxiliaires plus grand, compte tenu de la nécessité de limiter les pertes de charge.In order to drill at water depths up to 3500 m or more, the weight of the riser becomes very penalizing. This phenomenon is aggravated by the fact that, for the same maximum operating pressure, the length of the column imposes a larger inner diameter of the auxiliary lines, taking into account the need to limit the pressure losses.
Par ailleurs, la nécessité de diminuer le temps d'assemblage des colonnes montantes est d'autant plus critique que la profondeur d'eau, et donc la longueur de la colonne, sont importantes.Furthermore, the need to reduce the assembly time of the risers is all the more critical as the water depth, and therefore the length of the column, are important.
Les documents
La présente invention décrit une solution alternative qui propose une conception compacte des connecteurs bien adaptés pour les colonnes montantes installées en mer profonde, c'est-à-dire à une profondeur supérieure à 2000 mètres.The present invention describes an alternative solution that provides a compact design of connectors well suited for risers installed in deep sea, that is to say at a depth greater than 2000 meters.
De manière générale, la présente invention concerne un connecteur pour assembler deux tronçons de colonne montante pour les opérations de forage de puits en mer. Le connecteur comporte un premier élément de tube principal prolongé par un élément connecteur mâle muni d'une bride mâle percée par au moins un orifice dans lequel un premier élément de tube auxiliaire est solidairement fixé, et un deuxième élément de tube principal prolongé par un élément connecteur femelle muni d'une bride femelle percée par au moins un orifice dans lequel un deuxième élément de tube auxiliaire est solidairement fixé. L'élément connecteur mâle s'emboite dans l'élément connecteur femelle de manière à connecter les deux éléments de tube principal et les deux élément de tube auxiliaire. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le connecteur comporte un anneau de verrouillage et une bague de verrouillage. L'anneau de verrouillage est monté mobile en rotation sur la surface extérieure de la bride mâle, l'anneau de verrouillage coopérant avec les surfaces extérieures des brides mâle et femelle pour assembler la bride mâle avec la bride femelle. La bague de verrouillage est montée mobile en rotation sur l'élément connecteur mâle, la bague de verrouillage coopérant avec la surface intérieure du connecteur femelle pour assembler le connecteur mâle au connecteur femelle.In general, the present invention relates to a connector for assembling two riser sections for offshore well drilling operations. The connector comprises a first main tube member extended by a male connector member provided with a male flange pierced by at least one orifice in which a first auxiliary tube member is integrally secured, and a second main tube member extended by a female connector member provided with a female flange pierced by at least one orifice in which a second auxiliary tube member is solidarily fixed. The male connector member engages the female connector member to connect the two main tube members and the two auxiliary tube members. The invention is characterized in that the connector comprises a locking ring and a locking ring. The locking ring is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the male flange, the locking ring cooperating with the outer surfaces of the male and female flanges to assemble the male flange with the female flange. The locking ring is rotatably mounted on the male connector member, the locking ring cooperating with the inner surface of the female connector to assemble the male connector to the female connector.
Selon l'invention, l'anneau de verrouillage peut être bloqué en translation par un épaulement axial pratiqué sur la bride mâle, et l'anneau peut être muni de tenons qui coopèrent avec les tenons disposés sur la surface extérieure de la bride femelle.According to the invention, the locking ring can be locked in translation by an axial shoulder formed on the male flange, and the ring can be provided with lugs which cooperate with the lugs arranged on the outer surface of the female flange.
Les tenons de l'anneau de verrouillage peuvent être disposées sur la surface intérieure de l'anneau.The tenons of the locking ring may be disposed on the inner surface of the ring.
L'anneau de verrouillage peut comporter un nombre de tenons égal au nombre de conduites auxiliaires fonctionnant selon un mode hyperstatique.The locking ring may have a number of tenons equal to the number of auxiliary lines operating in a hyperstatic mode.
Ledit épaulement axial pratiqué sur la bride mâle peut comporter des dents qui coopèrent avec des dents disposées sur la surface intérieure de l'anneau.Said axial shoulder formed on the male flange may comprise teeth which cooperate with teeth disposed on the inner surface of the ring.
Le connecteur peut comporter des butées pour limiter la rotation de l'anneau de verrouillage entre une position ouverte et une position fermée. De plus, le connecteur peut comporter des moyens d'immobilisation pour bloquer l'anneau en rotation au moins dans la position ouverte et dans la position fermée.The connector may comprise stops to limit the rotation of the locking ring between an open position and a closed position. In addition, the connector may comprise immobilization means for locking the ring in rotation at least in the open position and in the closed position.
La bague peut être munie de tenons qui coopèrent avec des tenons disposés sur la surface intérieure de l'élément connecteur femelle.The ring may be provided with tenons which cooperate with tenons arranged on the inner surface of the female connector element.
Chacun des tenons de l'anneau de verrouillage et de la bride mâle peut s'étendre sur une angulaire inférieure à la plus petite des valeurs
L'anneau de verrouillage peut être de forme tubulaire, muni d'au moins une ouverture latérale.The locking ring may be tubular in shape, provided with at least one lateral opening.
L'anneau peut posséder une portion de surface cylindrique qui coopère avec une portion de surface cylindrique de la bride mâle à la périphérie de la bride mâle.The ring may have a cylindrical surface portion that cooperates with a cylindrical surface portion of the male flange at the periphery of the male flange.
Chacun des éléments de tube auxiliaire peut être en butée axiale contre un épaulement pratiqué dans les orifices.Each of the auxiliary tube elements may be in axial abutment against a shoulder formed in the orifices.
L'anneau de verrouillage peut être solidaire en rotation de la bague de verrouillage.The locking ring may be integral in rotation with the locking ring.
Au moins l'un des éléments choisi dans le groupe constitué d'un élément de tube principal et d'un élément de conduite auxiliaire peut comporter un tube en acier fretté par des rubans composites. Lesdits rubans composites peuvent comporter des fibres de verre, de carbone ou d'aramide, enrobées dans une matrice polymère.At least one of the members selected from the group consisting of a main tube member and an auxiliary line member may comprise a steel tube fretted by composite ribbons. Said composite ribbons can comprise glass, carbon or aramid fibers, embedded in a polymer matrix.
Au moins l'un des éléments choisi dans le groupe constitué d'un élément de tube principal et d'un élément de conduite auxiliaire peut être composé d'un matériau choisi dans la liste constituée d'un matériau composite comportant des fibres de renforts enrobés dans une matrice polymère, un alliage d'aluminium, un alliage de titane.At least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of a main tube element and an auxiliary pipe element may be composed of a material selected from the list consisting of a composite material comprising coated reinforcing fibers. in a polymer matrix, an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy.
L'invention propose également une colonne montante comportant au moins deux tronçons de colonne montante assemblés par un connecteur selon l'invention, dans lequel les efforts longitudinaux de tension sont répartis entre l'élément de tube principal et l'élément de tube auxiliaire.The invention also proposes a riser comprising at least two riser sections assembled by a connector according to the invention, in which the longitudinal tension forces are distributed between the main tube element and the auxiliary tube element.
Le connecteur selon l'invention présente un ensemble de qualités :
- capacité à transmettre des efforts importants provenant du tube principal et des conduites auxiliaires,
- forte raideur résultant du verrouillage au moyen de la bague interne et de l'anneau externe, ce qui permet de limiter les déformations et les sur-contraintes à des niveaux acceptables,
- possibilité de constituer un ensemble entièrement démontable, en vue de réaliser aisément des opérations de maintenance,
- mise en oeuvre simple, robuste et rapide avec pleine vision des pièces lors de la connexion.
- ability to transmit significant forces from the main tube and auxiliary lines,
- high stiffness resulting from locking by means of the inner ring and the outer ring, which limits the deformations and over-stresses to acceptable levels,
- possibility of constituting an entirely dismountable assembly, with a view to easily carrying out maintenance operations,
- Simple, robust and fast implementation with full vision of the parts during the connection.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris et apparaîtront clairement à la lecture de la description faite ci-après en se référant aux dessins parmi lesquels :
- la
figure 1 schématise une colonne montante, - la
figure 2 représente un tronçon de colonne montante selon l'invention, - la
figure 3 représente un connecteur selon l'invention en situation verrouillée, - la
figure 4 représente les détails de l'anneau de verrouillage du connecteur selon l'invention, - la
figure 5 représente différentes positions de l'anneau de verrouillage par rapport à la bride mâle du connecteur selon l'invention, - la
figure 6 représente les détails de la bague de verrouillage du connecteur selon l'invention.
- the
figure 1 schematizes a riser, - the
figure 2 represents a riser section according to the invention, - the
figure 3 represents a connector according to the invention in a locked situation, - the
figure 4 represents the details of the locking ring of the connector according to the invention, - the
figure 5 represents different positions of the locking ring with respect to the male flange of the connector according to the invention, - the
figure 6 represents the details of the locking ring of the connector according to the invention.
La
La
Un connecteur 5 représenté sur la
Le connecteur 5 peut être conçu et dimensionné pour satisfaire les spécifications définies par les normes éditées par l'American Petroleum Institute, notamment APl 16 R, APl 16F, APl 16Q et APl 2RD .The
La
Selon l'invention, le connecteur 5 comporte un anneau de verrouillage 17 qui est positionné sur la surface extérieure des brides 14 et 15. L'anneau 17 peut être usiné dans une portion de tube. L'anneau 17 est muni à chacune de ses extrémités de butées qui coopèrent respectivement avec les brides 14 et 15 pour bloquer en translation selon l'axe AA' les brides 14 et 15. L'anneau 17 de verrouillage est monté mobile en rotation sur la bride 15, tout en étant bloqué en translation, selon la direction de l'axe AA'. En référence à la
Selon l'invention, le connecteur 5 comporte, en outre, une bague de verrouillage 40 qui est positionnée entre l'élément 12 et l'élément 16. Lorsque l'élément 16 est emboîté dans l'élément femelle 12, une partie de la bague 40 pénètre dans l'élément femelle 12 de manière à ce que les tenons 33 de la bague 40 puissent coopérer avec les tenons 34 de l'élément femelle 12. La bague de verrouillage 40 est montée mobile en rotation sur l'élément mâle 16, tout en étant bloquée en translation, en particulier selon la direction de l'axe AA'. En référence à la
Le verrouillage et le déverrouillage du connecteur 5 sont réalisés par rotation de l'anneau 17 et par rotation de la bague de verrouillage 40 (verrouillage du type à baïonnette). L'anneau 17 et la bague 40 sont munis de moyens de manoeuvre, par exemple une barre de manoeuvre qui peut être démontable. Les moyens de manoeuvre permettent de faire pivoter l'anneau 17 autour des brides 14 et 15 selon l'axe AA' et, indépendamment ou simultanément, faire pivoter la bague 40 autour de l'élément 16 selon l'axe AA'. Pour effectuer la rotation simultanée de l'anneau et de la bague, l'anneau 17 peut être rendu solidaire de la bague 40 par une liaison rigide (par exemple au moyen de tiges ou d'une plaque évidée évitant toute interférence avec les conduites auxiliaires lors de la rotation de l'ensemble de verrouillage bague/anneau).The locking and unlocking of the
Des moyens de butée en rotation et de blocage en position verrouillée et déverrouillée du système bague/anneau peuvent être prévus, par exemple au moyen de blocs, de pions, de broches ou de vis situés sur la bride 15 et l'anneau 17.Locking and unlocking means in the locked and unlocked position of the ring / ring system may be provided, for example by means of blocks, pins, pins or screws on the
En parallèle à la collerette circulaire 50, un moyen de guidage (non représenté) sur la bride 15 permet de maintenir l'anneau 17 dans une position de verrouillage du connecteur, même si des efforts axiaux sont exercés sur son extrémité inférieure, par exemple en posant accidentellement le tronçon de colonne montante sur l'anneau 17 lors du passage dans la table de rotation ou lors de manipulations particulières.In parallel with the
Les efforts longitudinaux, c'est-à-dire les efforts de tension dirigés selon l'axe AA', sont transmis d'un tronçon 4 au tronçon adjacent 4 d'une part par l'intermédiaire de la connexion de type baïonnette entre l'anneau 17 et les brides 14 et 15 et d'autre part par l'intermédiaire de la connexion de type baïonnette entre la bague 16 et l'élément 12. Plus précisément, au niveau de l'anneau 17, les efforts de tension qui s'exercent selon l'axe AA' sont transmis d'un tronçon de colonne montante à un autre par le connecteur selon le schéma suivant: les efforts de tension sont transmis de l'élément 13 à la bride 15 par la bague 40 en passant par les épaulements 41 et 42, puis par la bride 15 à l'anneau 17 par l'épaulement 30, puis l'anneau 17 transmet les efforts de tension à la bride 14 du tronçon adjacent via les tenons 32 de l'anneau 17 qui coopèrent avec les tenons 31 de la bride 14. Au niveau de la bague 40, les efforts de tension qui s'exercent selon l'axe AA' sont transmis d'un tronçon de colonne montante à un autre par le connecteur selon le schéma suivant: les efforts de tension sont transmis de l'élément 13 à la bague 40 par l'épaulement 41, puis de la bague 40 à l'élément 12 par les tenons 33 et 34.The longitudinal forces, that is to say the tension forces directed along the axis AA ', are transmitted from one section 4 to the adjacent section 4 on the one hand via the bayonet type connection between the 17 ring and
L'agencement du connecteur selon l'invention permet de transmettre la quasi totalité des efforts dans le tube principal par l'intermédiaire de la bague interne 40, alors que les efforts dans les conduites auxiliaires sont transmis pour une partie via la bague interne 40 et pour la partie restante via l'anneau externe 17. Le partage des efforts dans les conduites auxiliaires entre la bague 40 et l'anneau 17 dépend notamment de l'effort et de la raideur de l'anneau externe. On peut donc déterminer un ensemble de paramètres du connecteur selon l'invention (par exemple la raideur des brides 14 et 15, de l'anneau 17, des tenons 31 et 32) de manière à minimiser les sur-contraintes dans les conduites auxiliaires induites par les déformations de flexion des brides .The arrangement of the connector according to the invention makes it possible to transmit almost all the forces in the main tube via the
La hauteur de l'anneau 17 peut être déterminée de manière à ce que la distance entre la face inférieure de la collerette 50 circulaire et la face supérieure des tenons 32 soit égale à la distance entre les brides 14 et 15 augmentée d'un jeu de mise en oeuvre au moins égal à celui de la bague interne 40. De plus, un espace est nécessaire entre les deux brides 14 et 15 pour loger les embouts 26 et 27 des tubes de conduites auxiliaires 11 et le système de rattrapage de jeu.The height of the
Des ouvertures peuvent être ménagées dans les parties de l'anneau 17 situées, verticalement et circonférentiellement, entre les tenons. Ces ouvertures permettent, d'une part d'alléger la pièce, mais aussi et surtout de voir les extrémités des éléments de conduites auxiliaires 11 au moment de leur connexion et d'éviter des endommagements qui pourraient résulter d'une approche aveugle.Openings may be provided in the parts of the
La
Les tenons 31 A et 31 B de l'anneau 17 coopèrent avec les tenons 32A et 32B de la bride 14 pour former un assemblage à baïonnette.The
Plus précisément lors de l'engagement de l'anneau 17 autour de la bride 14, l'ensemble constitué de l'anneau 17, la bride 15, l'élément mâle 16 et la bague 40 effectue un mouvement de translation descendant dans la direction de l'axe AA' selon les étapes successives :
- les tenons
32A et 32B s'engagent entre les tenons 31 A et 31 B, puis - lorsque l'élément mâle 16 vient en butée sur la portée 28 de l'élément femelle12, les tenons
32A et 32B arrivent sous labride 14, - on fait pivoter l'anneau 17 autours de l'axe AA' jusqu'à ce que les tenons de l'anneau soient positionnés face aux tenons de la
bride 14.
- the
32A and 32B engage between thetenons 31A and 31B, thenpins - when the
male element 16 abuts the bearingsurface 28 of the female element12, the 32A and 32B arrive under thetenons flange 14, - the
ring 17 is rotated around the axis AA 'until the tenons of the ring are positioned facing the tenons of theflange 14.
De préférence, les tenons de la bride 14 sont positionnées au droit des éléments 11 de conduites auxiliaires qui sont liées solidairement aux brides 14 et 15 et donc qui fonctionnent en mode hyperstatique. Les couronnes de tenons 31 et 32 peuvent donc comporter chacune 2, 3, 4 tenons ou plus. Sur la
dans lesquelles N désigne le nombre de tenons d'une couronne (la couronne 32) de l'anneau 17 et P désigne le nombre de tenons d'une couronne (la couronne 33) de la bague 40 décrites ci-après. Le secteur angulaire réduit correspond à une longueur de tenon développée suffisante pour résister aux contraintes imposées. Par exemple si la couronne 32 de l'anneau 17 comporte 3 tenons, et la couronne 33 de la bague 40 comporte 4 tenons, chacun des tenons de l'anneau 17 peut occuper un secteur angulaire inférieur à
in which N denotes the number of tenons of a ring (the ring gear 32) of the
La
La
Les tenons 33A, 33B, 33C et 33D de la bague 40 coopèrent avec les tenons 34A, 34B, 34C et 34D de l'élément 12 pour former un assemblage à baïonnette.The
Plus précisément lors de l'engagement de la bague 40 dans l'élément 12, l'ensemble constitué de la bague 40, la bride 15, l'élément mâle 16 et l'anneau 17 effectue un mouvement de translation descendant dans la direction de l'axe AA' selon les étapes successives :
- les tenons 33A, 33B,
33C et 33D de la bague 40 s'engagent entre les tenons 34A, 34B,34C et 34D de l'élément 12, puis - lorsque l'élément mâle 16 vient en butée sur la portée 28 de l'élément femelle 12, les tenons arrivent dans la rainure circulaire 44 pratiquée dans l'élément 12 sous la couronne de tenons 34.
- on fait pivoter la bague jusqu'à ce que les tenons de la bague 40 soient positionnés face aux tenons de l'élément 12.
- the
33A, 33B, 33C and 33D of thetenons ring 40 engage between the 34A, 34B, 34C and 34D of thepins element 12, then - when the
male element 16 abuts the bearingsurface 28 of thefemale element 12, the tenons arrive in thecircular groove 44 made in theelement 12 under thetenon crown 34. - the ring is pivoted until the tenons of the
ring 40 are positioned facing the tenons of theelement 12.
Le système d'assemblage à baïonnette peut permettre d'assurer entre les tenons 34 de l'élément 12 et les tenons 33 de la bague 40 un contact sur une plage angulaire totale qui peut presque atteindre 180° (au jeu circulaire près entre les tenons). Alternativement, selon l'invention, la bague 40 et l'élément 12 peuvent comporter chacun deux couronnes de tenons : les tenons des deux couronnes de la bague 40 coopèrent respectivement avec les tenons des deux couronnes de l'élément 12. Dans ce cas, les deux systèmes d'assemblage peuvent être angulairement décalés autour de l'axe AA', le connecteur selon l'invention permet de répartir les charges axiales sur presque 360° autour de l'axe.The bayonet assembly system can provide between the
Le nombre de tenons par couronne et leur géométrie peuvent varier, notamment en fonction des diamètres du tube intérieur et des efforts à transmettre par le connecteur.The number of tenons per ring and their geometry may vary, in particular according to the diameters of the inner tube and the forces to be transmitted by the connector.
L'élément de conduite auxiliaire 11 est solidairement lié à chacune de ses extrémités au tube principal 10. En d'autres termes, le tronçon de colonne montante 1 comporte à chacune de ses extrémités des moyens de fixation 20 et 21, schématisés sur la
En référence à la
Au niveau de l'extrémité du tronçon munie du moyen de connexion mâle 13, le tube principal 10 est prolongé par l'épaulement ou bride 15 comportant un passage cylindrique dans lequel l'élément de conduite auxiliaire 11 peut coulisser. L'élément de conduite auxiliaire 11 comporte une butée 24, par exemple un écrou ou un épaulement, pour positionner axialement l'élément 11 par rapport à la bride 15. Lors du montage de l'élément 11 sur le tube principal 10, la butée 24 de l'élément 11 vient en appui sur la bride 15, par exemple contre l'épaulement axial 25 pratiqué dans le passage cylindrique, de sorte à former une liaison rigide.At the end of the section provided with the male connection means 13, the
Les brides 14 et 15 ont des formes de révolution autour de l'axe AA'. Les brides 14 et 15 prolongent les éléments de tube principal 10 en augmentant l'épaisseur et la section externe du tube, pour former respectivement des épaulements. De préférence, la section extérieure des brides 14 et 15 varie progressivement le long de l'axe AA', de manière à éviter une variation brusque de section entre le tube 10 et les épaulements qui fragiliserait la tenue mécanique du connecteur 5.The
Les moyens de fixation 20 composés des butées 22 et 23 permettent de bloquer les translations axiales d'un élément 11 dans un sens par rapport au tube principal 10. Les moyens de fixation 21 composés de butées 24 et 25 permettent de bloquer les translations axiales d'un élément 11 dans le sens opposé par rapport au tube principal. La combinaison des moyens de fixation 20 avec les moyens de fixation 21 permet de solidariser complètement l'élément 11 par rapport à l'élément de tube principal 10. Ainsi, les éléments 11 participent, conjointement avec l'élément de tube principal 10 à la reprise des efforts longitudinaux appliqués à la colonne 1.The fastening means 20 made up of the
La forme et, en particulier, l'épaisseur des brides 14 et 15 sont déterminées pour supporter les efforts longitudinaux transmis aux éléments de conduite auxiliaire 11.The shape and, in particular, the thickness of the
Les éléments 11 de lignes auxiliaires sont raccordés bout à bout au moyen de raccords. Un raccord est composé d'un embout mâle 26 situé à une extrémité de l'élément 11 et d'un embout femelle 27 situé à l'autre extrémité de l'élément 11. L'embout mâle 26 coopère de façon étanche avec l'embout femelle 27 d'un autre élément 11. Par exemple, l'élément mâle 26 du raccord est une partie tubulaire qui s'insère dans une autre partie tubulaire 27. La surface intérieure de l'embout femelle 27 est ajustée à la surface extérieure de l'embout mâle 26. Des joints sont montés dans des rainures usinées sur la surface intérieure de l'élément femelle 27 afin d'assurer l'étanchéité de la liaison. Le raccord autorise un déplacement axial d'un des éléments 11 par rapport à l'autre, tout en maintenant la liaison étanche entre les deux éléments.The
Les éléments de tube 11 peuvent être munis de dispositif de rattrapage des différences de longueur entre le tube principal 10 et les éléments de tube 11 dues à des tolérance de fabrication. Par exemple, l'écrou 29 est vissé sur l'embout 26 de manière à ajuster la position de la butée 24 par rapport à la butée 25.The
Pour réaliser la connexion du connecteur selon l'invention, on peut effectuer les opérations suivantes.To make the connection of the connector according to the invention, the following operations can be performed.
L'anneau 17 et la bague 40 sont maintenus en position ouverte par le système de blocage.The
On présente l'élément mâle 13 d'un tronçon face à l'élément femelle 12 d'un autre tronçon. Par exemple, l'élément femelle 12 est suspendu sur une table de manutention et le tronçon comportant l'élément 13 est manoeuvré par des moyens de levage.The
La position des éléments de conduite auxiliaire 11 permet de positionner angulairement l'élément 13 par rapport à l'élément 12.The position of the
On fait coulisser longitudinalement l'élément mâle 13 dans l'élément femelle 12 jusqu'à ce que les deux éléments soient emboîtés et en butée l'un contre l'autre.The
Lors de l'engagement de l'élément 13 dans l'élément 12, les tenons de l'anneau 17 glissent entre les tenons de la bride 14 comme décrit ci-dessus, les tenons de la bague 40 glissent entre les tenons de l'élément 12 comme décrit ci-dessus et les embouts mâles 26 des éléments 11 pénètrent dans les embouts femelles 27 des éléments 11.When the
Lorsque l'élément 13 est complètement emboîté dans l'élément 12, c'est-à-dire en butée sur l'épaulement 28, on libère l'anneau 17 et la bague 40 en rotation en agissant sur le système de blocage, puis on fait pivoter l'anneau 17 et la bague 40 autour de l'axe du connecteur. La rotation de l'anneau 17 et de la bague 40 est effectuée jusqu'à atteindre une position fermée, c'est-à-dire jusqu'à ce que les tenons de l'anneau 17 soient positionnées en face des tenons de la bride 14 et jusqu'à ce que les tenons de la bague 40 soient positionnés en face des tenons de l'élément 12. Le système de verrouillage peut limiter la rotation de l'anneau et de la bague.When the
Lorsque l'anneau 17 et la bague 40 sont en position fermée, on immobilise l'anneau et la bague par rapport à la bride 14 et à l'élément 12 en agissant sur le système de blocage.When the
On lève l'ensemble de la colonne montante ainsi connecté. Cela a pour effet de mettre le connecteur en tension et de reprendre les jeux de fonctionnement : les tenons 32 de l'anneau 17 viennent effectivement en contact avec les tenons 31 de la bride 14 et les tenons 33 de la bague 40 viennent effectivement en contact avec les tenons 34 de l'élément 12.The riser assembly thus connected is lifted. This has the effect of putting the connector in tension and resume play of operation: the
En outre, pour pouvoir réaliser des colonnes montantes pouvant opérer à des profondeurs allant jusqu'à 3500 m et plus, on peut réaliser le tube principal 10 et les conduites auxiliaires 11 avec des éléments de tubes métalliques de résistance optimisée par un frettage en matériau composite composé de fibres enrobées de matrice polymère.In addition, in order to be able to produce risers capable of operating at depths of up to 3500 m and more, the
Une technique de frettage de tubes peut être celle qui consiste à enrouler sous tension des rubans en matériau composite autour d'un corps tubulaire en métal, décrite dans les documents
Les rubans sont constitués de fibres, par exemple fibres de verre, de carbone ou d'aramide, les fibres étant enrobées dans une matrice polymère, thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable, telle qu'un polyamide.The ribbons consist of fibers, for example glass, carbon or aramid fibers, the fibers being embedded in a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer matrix, such as a polyamide.
On peut également utiliser une technique connue sous le nom d'auto-frettage qui consiste à créer la contrainte de frettage lors d'une épreuve hydraulique du tube à une pression provoquant le dépassement de la limite élastique dans le corps métallique. En d'autres termes, on enroule des rubans en matériau composite autour du corps tubulaire en métal. Lors de l'opération d'enroulement, les rubans n'induisent pas de contrainte ou n'induisent qu'une très faible contrainte dans le tube métallique. Puis, on applique une pression déterminée à l'intérieur du corps en métal de sorte que le corps métallique se déforme de manière plastique. Après retour à la pression nulle, il subsiste des contraintes résiduelles de compression dans le corps en métal et des contraintes de traction dans les rubans en matériau composite.It is also possible to use a technique known as self-hooping which consists of creating the hooping stress during a hydraulic test of the tube at a pressure causing the elastic limit in the metal body to be exceeded. In other words, ribbons of composite material are wrapped around the metal tubular body. During the winding operation, the tapes do not induce stress or induce a very low stress in the metal tube. Then, a determined pressure is applied inside the metal body so that the metal body deforms plastically. After returning to the zero pressure, residual compressive stresses remain in the metal body and tensile stresses in the composite material ribbons.
L'épaisseur de matériau composite enroulé autour du corps tubulaire en métal, de préférence en acier, est déterminée en fonction de la précontrainte de frettage nécessaire pour que le tube résiste, selon les règles de l'art, aux efforts de pression et de traction.The thickness of composite material wound around the tubular body of metal, preferably steel, is determined according to the shrinkage preload necessary for the tube to withstand the pressure and tensile forces according to the rules of the art. .
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les éléments de tubes 10 et 11 formant le tube principal et les conduites auxiliaires peuvent être composés d'un alliage d'aluminium. Par exemple, on peut employer les alliages d'aluminium référencés 1050 1100 2014 2024 3003 5052 6063 6082 5083 5086 6061 6013 7050 7075 7055 par l'ASTM (American Standard for Testing and Material) ou les alliages d'aluminium commercialisés sous les références C405 CU31 C555 CU92 C805 C855 C70H par la société ALCOA.According to another embodiment, the
Alternativement, les éléments de tubes 10 et 11 formant le tube principal et les conduites auxiliaires peuvent être composés en matériau composite constitués de fibres enrobés dans une matrice polymère. Les fibres peuvent être des fibres de carbone, de verre, d'aramide. La matrice polymère peut être en matériau thermoplastique tel que le polyéthylène, le polyamide (notamment le PA11, le PA6, le PA6-6 ou le PA12), le polyétheréthercétone (PEEK), ou le polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF). La matrice polymère peut également être en matériau thermodurcissable tel que les époxys.Alternatively, the
Alternativement, les éléments de tubes 10 et 11 formant le tube principal et les conduites auxiliaires peuvent être composés d'un alliage de titane. Par exemple, on peut utiliser un alliage de titane Ti-6-4 (alliage comportant, en pourcent du poids, au moins 85% de titane, environ 6% d'aluminium et 4% de vanadium) ou l'alliage Ti-6-6-2 comportant en, pourcent du poids, environ 6% d'aluminium, 6% de vanadium et 2% d'étain et au moins 80% de titane.Alternatively, the
Claims (16)
- A connector (5) for assembling two sections (4) of a riser pipe (1) for offshore well drilling operations, comprising a first main tube element (10) having as on extension a male connector element (13) provided with a male flange (15) pierced by at least one orifice wherein a first auxiliary tube element (11) is secured, and a second main tube element (10) having as an extension a female connector element (12) provided with a female flange (14) pierced by at least one orifice wherein a second auxiliary tube element (11) is secured, male connector element (13) fitting into female connector element (12) so as to connect the two main tube elements (10) and the two auxiliary tube elements (11), characterized in that connector (5) comprises a locking collar (17) and a locking ring (40), locking collar (17) being mounted mobile in rotation on the outer surface of male flange (15), locking collar (17) cooperating with the outer surfaces of the male (15) and female (14) flanges for assembling male flange (15) and female flange (14), locking ring (40) being mounted mobile in rotation on male connector element (13), locking ring (40) cooperating with the inner surface of female connector (12) for assembling male connector (13) and female connector (12).
- A connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that locking collar (17) is locked in translation by an axial shoulder (30) provided on male flange (15), and collar (17) is provided with tenons (32) that cooperate with tenons (31) arranged on the outer surface of female flange (14).
- A connector as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that tenons (32) of locking collar (17) are arranged on the inner surface of collar (17).
- A connector as claimed in any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that locking collar (17) comprises a number of tenons (32) equal to the number of auxiliary lines (11) operating in hyperstatic mode.
- A connector as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said axial shoulder (30) provided on male flange (15) comprises teeth (30A, 30B) that cooperate with teeth (50A, 50B) arranged on the inner surface of collar (17).
- A connector as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising thrusts for limiting the rotation of locking collar (17) between an open position and a closed position, and immobilization means for locking collar (17) in rotation at least in the open position and in the closed position.
- A connector as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that ring (40) is provided with tenons that cooperate with tenons arranged on the inner surface of female connector element (12).
- A connector as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that each tenon (32 ; 31) of locking collar (17) and of male flange (15) extends over an angular portion smaller than the smaller value among
- A connector as claimed in any one of the previous claims, characterized in that locking collar (17) is tubular and provided with at least one lateral opening.
- A connector as claimed in any one of the previous claims, characterized in that collar (17) has a cylindrical surface portion that cooperates with a cylindrical surface portion of male flange (15) on the periphery of male flange (15).
- A connector as claimed in any one of the previous claims, characterized in that each auxiliary tube element (11) is is axially abutted against a shoulder (23) provided in the orifices.
- A connector as claimed in any one of the previous claims, characterized in that locking collar (17) is secured in rotation to locking ring (40).
- A connector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of a main tube element (10) and an auxiliary line element (11) comprises a steel tube hooped by composite strips.
- A connector as claimed in claim 13, wherein said composite strips comprise glass, carbon or aramid fibers, coated with a polymer matrix.
- A connector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of a main tube element (10) and an auxiliary line element (11) is made of a material selected from the list consisting of a composite material comprising reinforcing fibers coated with a polymer matrix, an aluminium alloy, a titanium alloy.
- A riser pipe comprising at least two riser pipe sections (4) assembled by a connector (5) as claimed in any one of the previous claims, wherein the longitudinal tensional stresses are distributed among main tube element (10) and auxiliary tube element (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1000728A FR2956693B1 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2010-02-23 | UPRINK CONNECTOR WITH FLANGES, INTERIOR LOCKING RING, AND OUTDOOR LOCKING RING |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2360346A1 EP2360346A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
EP2360346B1 true EP2360346B1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
Family
ID=42737946
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11290064.2A Not-in-force EP2360346B1 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2011-01-31 | Connector for riser lengths comprising flanges, internal locking ring and external annular locking element |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8474540B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2360346B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2956693B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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CN108368733A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-08-03 | Ifp新能源公司 | The connector for assembling two standpipe sections including interior locking ring and removable pin |
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US20120312544A1 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-13 | Charles Tavner | Riser system |
US9334695B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2016-05-10 | Magma Global Limited | Hybrid riser system |
EP2718531B2 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2023-03-01 | Magma Global Limited | Riser system |
ES2777252T3 (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2020-08-04 | Oil States Ind (Uk) Ltd | Merlin Drill Lift Assembly |
NO337626B1 (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-05-09 | Maritime Promeco As | Stigerørkonnektorsammenstilling |
US9422776B2 (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2016-08-23 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Rotating control device having jumper for riser auxiliary line |
FR3020655B1 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2016-05-06 | Ifp Energies Now | UPLINK COLUMN EQUIPPED WITH A LOCKING RING ARRANGED BETWEEN THE MAIN TUBE AND THE AUXILIARY TUBE |
FR3020654B1 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2016-05-06 | Ifp Energies Now | UPRIGHT ROD COMPRISING AN INTERNAL LOCKING RING AND A MEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE PLAY BETWEEN THE AUXILIARY TUBE ELEMENTS AND THE MAIN TUBE ELEMENTS. |
FR3024748B1 (en) | 2014-08-11 | 2016-09-02 | Ifp Energies Now | UPRIGHT CONNECTOR EQUIPPED WITH EXTERNAL LOCKING RING |
FR3045708B1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2018-01-26 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | CONNECTOR FOR ASSEMBLING TWO ROUND COLUMNS WITH INTERNAL LOCKING RING AND REMOVABLE PINS |
NO345801B1 (en) * | 2016-02-28 | 2021-08-16 | Mhwirth As | Riser connector assembly |
FR3063513B1 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2019-04-12 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | METHOD FOR EVOLVING A CONNECTOR ASSEMBLING TWO RUNNERS OF AN UPPER COLUMN USING A REMOVABLE LOCKING RING |
FR3089245B1 (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2020-11-20 | Ifp Energies Now | Connector for assembling two riser sections with internal locking ring |
GB2596077B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-10-05 | Mhwirth As | Riser assembly |
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-
2011
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- 2011-02-16 US US13/028,442 patent/US8474540B2/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108368733A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-08-03 | Ifp新能源公司 | The connector for assembling two standpipe sections including interior locking ring and removable pin |
CN108368733B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2020-12-15 | Ifp新能源公司 | Connection for assembling two riser sections comprising an inner locking ring and a removable pin |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110203804A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
US8474540B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
FR2956693A1 (en) | 2011-08-26 |
FR2956693B1 (en) | 2012-02-24 |
EP2360346A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
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