EP2354497A1 - Air delivery device for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Air delivery device for internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2354497A1 EP2354497A1 EP10305065A EP10305065A EP2354497A1 EP 2354497 A1 EP2354497 A1 EP 2354497A1 EP 10305065 A EP10305065 A EP 10305065A EP 10305065 A EP10305065 A EP 10305065A EP 2354497 A1 EP2354497 A1 EP 2354497A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- throttle valve
- delivery device
- air delivery
- throttle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/12—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit
- F02D9/16—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit the members being rotatable
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
- F02D9/1005—Details of the flap
- F02D9/1025—Details of the flap the rotation axis of the flap being off-set from the flap center axis
- F02D9/103—Details of the flap the rotation axis of the flap being off-set from the flap center axis the rotation axis being located at an edge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/12—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit
- F02D9/14—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit the members being slidable transversely of conduit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
- F02M35/10216—Fuel injectors; Fuel pipes or rails; Fuel pumps or pressure regulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
- F02M35/10255—Arrangements of valves; Multi-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
- F02M69/044—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the intake conduit downstream of an air throttle valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/04—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by mechanical control linkages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
- F02D9/1035—Details of the valve housing
- F02D9/105—Details of the valve housing having a throttle position sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
- F02D9/1065—Mechanical control linkage between an actuator and the flap, e.g. including levers, gears, springs, clutches, limit stops of the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
- F02M61/145—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors the injection nozzle opening into the air intake conduit
Definitions
- the invention relates to air delivery devices for internal combustion engines.
- Air delivery devices are used to regulate and/or control air flow through a system, for example into an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles.
- the onboard controller In modem engines having electronic fuel injection systems, the onboard controller must be able to determine how much air flow is entering the engine in order to be able to compute the necessary mass of fuel to inject into the air flow or directly into the combustion chamber for combustion. Of course, such computation also depends on other factors such as desired richness or leanness to meet fuel emission standards, fuel consumption efficiencies, cold starts, and so on.
- Butterfly-type air throttles are generally used to regulate air flow.
- a rotation sensor is connected to the butterfly throttle to determine its position and hence derive an air flow estimation through the air delivery device.
- butterfly valve throttles are wholly contained within the air passage, which introduce turbulence and other inefficiencies, especially at high air flow rates.
- An object of the invention is to overcome at least some of these problems.
- the air delivery device for internal combustion engines comprises:
- the open position has a much reduced rate of turbulences.
- the air delivery device is more efficient over a greater range of operating conditions. As the throttle valve does not slide, the guiding of the valve movement and the sensing of the valve position are much simpler. Therefore such an air delivery device is more efficient or cheaper to manufacture than traditional devices. It is also more robust, which is particularly interesting for trial motorbikes.
- said throttle valve assembly comprises a throttle body presenting a cavity extending transversally from the air induction passage and adapted for receiving said throttle valve and for allowing movement of the throttle valve between its said first and second positions.
- the throttle valve is a substantially flat plate extending along a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. This reduces the size of the cavity in which the throttle valve moves.
- the rotation axis is parallel to the direction of air flow within said air induction passage. This shortens the stroke of the throttle valve across the induction passage.
- the rotation axis may be tilted relatively to that direction by an angle under 40°. This provides flexibility to improve the overall size of the air delivery device. Any angle between 0 to 40° may be suitable like an angle under 15°, in particular under 5°.
- the throttle valve is radially mounted to a shaft entering into the cavity.
- Such shaft may be connected to a throttle-valve actuator, and preferably to a position sensor.
- the air delivery device further comprises a fuel injection system for injecting fuel into the air induction passage.
- a fuel injection system for injecting fuel into the air induction passage.
- the invention also covers internal combustion engines or motorbikes, four-wheel motorbikes, quads, seadoo or kartings, comprising such an air delivery device.
- the air delivery device 1 comprises an air induction module 3 having a bore 2 extending along an air flow parallel to direction X, between an inlet portion 3A and an outlet portion 3B.
- the bore 2 defines an air induction passage 2.
- the bore 2 may for example be straight or may be venturi-shaped.
- the inlet portion 3A may be connected to a source of air, which may for example be ambient air or compressed air with or without an intermediate air filter.
- the outlet portion 3B is for example connected to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- the air induction passage 2 is sized according to design parameters such as air flow rates, but will generally present a diameter in the range of 14-60 mm, for example 39 mm.
- the external peripheral surface of the inlet portion 3A and the outlet portion 3B may present a circumferential groove 7 adapted to facilitate the connection and seal of the air induction module 1 with a connector, for example a rubber hose.
- the groove 7 may for example be a circumferential cut or bead.
- the air delivery device 1 further comprises a throttle valve assembly 5 arranged in the air induction passage 2 intermediate the inlet and outlet air portions 3A, 3B.
- the throttle valve assembly 5 comprises a throttle valve body 9 enclosing a throttle valve 11.
- the throttle valve body 9 comprises an inlet side body 9A and an outlet side body 9B connected to the inlet and outlet air portions 3A, 3B of the air induction module 3 respectively.
- the throttle valve body 9 is for example injection molded out of aluminium metal or an aluminium alloy.
- the inlet and outlet side bodies 9A, 9B each present an opening 6 in correspondence to the bore 2 defining the air induction passage.
- the throttle body 9 may be integrally molded with the air induction module 3 at the opening 6, as illustrated, or may be machined from the same block, or may be mechanically attached to each other with appropriate fixing means.
- the inlet side portion and the outlet side portion 9A, 9B of the throttle body 9 are mechanically fixed together by appropriate means of fixation 13A, for example nuts and bolts 13A traversing corresponding bores 13, and may further be fitter with sealing gaskets at their mating surfaces.
- fixation 13A for example nuts and bolts 13A traversing corresponding bores 13, and may further be fitter with sealing gaskets at their mating surfaces.
- the throttle body 9 further presents an internal substantially flat cavity 15 extending substantially along a plane normal to the air passage direction X.
- the cavity 15 may be substantially quarter-circle shaped.
- the cavity 15 entirely encloses the opening 5 of the air induction passage 2.
- the throttle body 9 further comprises, within the cavity 15 on one and/or the other of the side bodies 9A, 9B, a circular recess or blind hole 17 defining a central axis 18.
- the axis 18 is substantially parallel to the air passage direction X.
- a through-hole 19 is provided traversing the entire throttle body 9 concentrically with the axis 18.
- the through-hole 19 is diametrically smaller than the circular recess 17.
- the throttle valve 11 is enclosed by the throttle body 9, and more specifically, the throttle valve 11 is arranged within the space defined by the cavity 11 between the inlet side body 5A and an outlet side body 5B.
- the throttle valve 11 is typically made of steel and presents a substantially flat ovate form, extending from a broader valve portion 11 A sized to cover the opening 6, and a smaller mounting portion 11B.
- the mounting portion 11B further comprises a protrusion sized to rotationally fit within the circular recess 17 of the throttle body 9.
- the throttle valve 11 is made from a thin plate, for example 1 to 12 mm, such as 2.7 mm. The thickness of the throttle valve will be preferably substantially equal, accounting for tolerances, to the depth of the cavity 15.
- the throttle valve assembly 5 further comprises a throttle shaft 21 having a cylindrical body rotationally fixed to the throttle valve 11 via a raised portion 21 A at the shaft 21 mid-section.
- the raised portion 21 A is fitted to a corresponding key-opening 11 C centred at the rotational centre of the mounting portion 11 B of the valve 11.
- the valve 11 may for example be fixed to the shaft 21 by interference fit, welding, or adhesive means.
- the raised portion 21A may also for example present two parallel flat sides to prevent rotational slip between the valve 11 and the shaft 21.
- each extremity of the throttle shaft 21 presents end portions 21B, 21C adapted for non-rotational mounting of modules, for example a throttle actuator, a position sensor, or yet other sensing or actuation means.
- a throttle actuator 23 is fixed to the end portion 21 B of the shaft 1.
- the throttle actuator 23 may present a cam portion 23A mounted on the shaft 21.
- the cam portion 23A presents a circumferential groove 23B adapted for retaining for example a throttle cable connected to an accelerator handle or pedal actuated by a user.
- a throttle position sensor 31 is fixed to the other end portion 21C of the shaft 21.
- the throttle position sensor 31 measures the position of the throttle 11 via the rotational position of the shaft 21.
- the signals generated by the position sensor 31 may be analogue or digital.
- the sensor 31 may for example present an electronic connector 31 A for connecting to a controller, for example an Engine Control Unit (ECU), also known as Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC).
- ECU Engine Control Unit
- FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control
- Such rotational position sensors 31 are well known to the skilled person, and are commonly available on the market, for example under the brand CTS.
- the shaft 21 is mounted in the through-hole 19 of the throttle valve assembly 5, such that the shaft is concentric with axis 18. In this position,
- a torsional spring 25 may be fitted around the shaft 21 between the throttle actuator 23 and the throttle body 9 in order to bias the throttle actuator 23 in a position whereby the valve 11 is in the closed position, or a substantially closed position permitting engine idling conditions.
- the air delivery device may further comprise a fuel injector system 35 adapted for injected combustion fuel into the air induction passage 2.
- the fuel injector system 35 comprises an electronic controller module and a corresponding electrical connector 37, and is adapted to control the volume of combustion fluid injected in function of the volume of air flow through the air induction passage 2.
- the fuel injector system 35 may for example be arranged through an opening 39 provided downstream of the throttle valve 11.
- Fuel injector system per se are well known in the art, and the skilled person will easily be able to adapt an air delivery device 1 as described herein with an appropriate fuel injector system 35, for example the Delphi injector reference M35-Mini-25384016-Sh3, or Magneti Marelli injector reference IWP048.
- the air delivery device as described operates as follows.
- the air delivery device 1 as described is positioned between one or more air intake valves of a naturally-aspirated or forced-induction internal combustion engine and a source of air.
- Air thus flows through the air delivery device 1 along air induction passage 2 from the inlet portion 3A to and the outlet portion 3B, passing via the throttle valve assembly 5.
- the user wishing to control the power developed by the internal combustion engine by controlling the amount of air (oxygen) that enters the engine per stroke of the engine, actuates for example the foot pedal of a motor vehicle or the handle of a motorcycle.
- the position of the throttle valve 11 with respect to the opening 6 of the air induction passage 2 determines the smallest cross-sectional area of the air induction passage 2, which is in turn correlated to a specific mass or volume of air which the engine is able to aspirate, thus determine the ultimate power able to be generated by the engine.
- the throttle position sensor 31 concurrently senses the position of the shaft 21 to determine the position of the throttle valve 11. From the position of the throttle valve it is possible to determine the mass of air flow through the air delivery device 1. This rotational position information may be communicated to the ECU to determine the fuel injection required by the fuel injector system 35 in function of the speed of the engine, the leanness of the operation cycle desired, and yet other factors.
- the air delivery device 1 may comprise an electronically controlled throttle actuator 23 actionned by electronic impulse, rather than physical connection to a pedal or handle. This is commonly referred to as fly-by-wire.
- the air delivery device 1 may not necessary present a fuel injection system 35, which may be mounted elsewhere to an internal combustion engine.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Air delivery device for internal combustion engines, comprising:
- an air induction passage (2) for directing the passage of air towards at least one combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine,
- a throttle valve assembly (5) having a throttle valve (11) operable between a first position wherein said throttle valve substantially closes said induction passage to the passage of air, and a second position wherein said throttle valve opens said air induction passage to the passage of air. The throttle valve (11) rotates about a rotation axis (18) lying outside the air induction passage (2).
- an air induction passage (2) for directing the passage of air towards at least one combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine,
- a throttle valve assembly (5) having a throttle valve (11) operable between a first position wherein said throttle valve substantially closes said induction passage to the passage of air, and a second position wherein said throttle valve opens said air induction passage to the passage of air. The throttle valve (11) rotates about a rotation axis (18) lying outside the air induction passage (2).
Description
- The invention relates to air delivery devices for internal combustion engines.
- Air delivery devices are used to regulate and/or control air flow through a system, for example into an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles.
- In modem engines having electronic fuel injection systems, the onboard controller must be able to determine how much air flow is entering the engine in order to be able to compute the necessary mass of fuel to inject into the air flow or directly into the combustion chamber for combustion. Of course, such computation also depends on other factors such as desired richness or leanness to meet fuel emission standards, fuel consumption efficiencies, cold starts, and so on.
- Butterfly-type air throttles are generally used to regulate air flow. A rotation sensor is connected to the butterfly throttle to determine its position and hence derive an air flow estimation through the air delivery device.
- However, butterfly valve throttles are wholly contained within the air passage, which introduce turbulence and other inefficiencies, especially at high air flow rates.
- Sliding guillotine-type throttle valves were developed to address this problem. Such throttle valves present a sliding guillotine that slides in and out of the air passage. At high flow rates, therefore, there is almost no structural disturbance to the laminar flow of air through the air delivery device. Nonetheless, this type of air delivery device suffer from the disadvantage that the linear sensors required to compute the air flow are expensive, difficult to source, and prone to malfunction for general public use.
- An object of the invention is to overcome at least some of these problems.
- According to an embodiment, the air delivery device for internal combustion engines, comprises:
- an air induction passage for directing the passage of air towards at least one combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine,
- a throttle valve assembly having a throttle valve.
- As the rotation axis is outside the induction passage, the open position has a much reduced rate of turbulences. The air delivery device is more efficient over a greater range of operating conditions. As the throttle valve does not slide, the guiding of the valve movement and the sensing of the valve position are much simpler. Therefore such an air delivery device is more efficient or cheaper to manufacture than traditional devices. It is also more robust, which is particularly interesting for trial motorbikes.
- Preferably, said throttle valve assembly comprises a throttle body presenting a cavity extending transversally from the air induction passage and adapted for receiving said throttle valve and for allowing movement of the throttle valve between its said first and second positions. The throttle valve is a substantially flat plate extending along a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. This reduces the size of the cavity in which the throttle valve moves.
- According to a particular embodiment, the rotation axis is parallel to the direction of air flow within said air induction passage. This shortens the stroke of the throttle valve across the induction passage. Alternatively, the rotation axis may be tilted relatively to that direction by an angle under 40°. This provides flexibility to improve the overall size of the air delivery device. Any angle between 0 to 40° may be suitable like an angle under 15°, in particular under 5°.
- According to another embodiment, the throttle valve is radially mounted to a shaft entering into the cavity. Such shaft may be connected to a throttle-valve actuator, and preferably to a position sensor.
- According to another embodiment, the air delivery device further comprises a fuel injection system for injecting fuel into the air induction passage. Such a device provides the same service as a traditional carburettor. Therefore an improvement of an engine fitted with a traditional carburettor is simplified.
- In an other aspect, the invention also covers internal combustion engines or motorbikes, four-wheel motorbikes, quads, seadoo or kartings, comprising such an air delivery device.
- In some embodiments, one might also use one or more of the features defined in the dependent claims.
- Other characteristics and advantages will readily appear from the following description of various embodiments, provided as non-limiting examples, and of the accompanying drawings.
- On the drawings:
-
Figures 1 and 2 are two different perspective views of an air delivery device according to an embodiment to the present invention, -
Figure 3 is an exploded view of the air delivery device offigures 1 and 2 , -
Figures 4 and 5 are side elevation and plan views respectively of the air delivery device offigure 1 , -
Figures 6 and 7 are cross-sectional views across VI-VI and VII-VII respectively as indicated onfigure 5 , -
Figures 8 to 10 are partial perspective views of the air delivery device offigure 1 illustrating in greater detail the throttle valve assembly. - On the different figures, the same reference signs designate like or similar elements.
- The air delivery device 1 comprises an
air induction module 3 having abore 2 extending along an air flow parallel to direction X, between aninlet portion 3A and anoutlet portion 3B. Thebore 2 defines anair induction passage 2. Thebore 2 may for example be straight or may be venturi-shaped. Theinlet portion 3A may be connected to a source of air, which may for example be ambient air or compressed air with or without an intermediate air filter. Theoutlet portion 3B is for example connected to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. - The
air induction passage 2 is sized according to design parameters such as air flow rates, but will generally present a diameter in the range of 14-60 mm, for example 39 mm. - The external peripheral surface of the
inlet portion 3A and theoutlet portion 3B may present acircumferential groove 7 adapted to facilitate the connection and seal of the air induction module 1 with a connector, for example a rubber hose. Thegroove 7 may for example be a circumferential cut or bead. - The air delivery device 1 further comprises a
throttle valve assembly 5 arranged in theair induction passage 2 intermediate the inlet andoutlet air portions - As more clearly seen in
figures 3 to 7 , thethrottle valve assembly 5 comprises a throttle valve body 9 enclosing athrottle valve 11. - The throttle valve body 9 comprises an
inlet side body 9A and anoutlet side body 9B connected to the inlet andoutlet air portions air induction module 3 respectively. The throttle valve body 9 is for example injection molded out of aluminium metal or an aluminium alloy. - The inlet and
outlet side bodies opening 6 in correspondence to thebore 2 defining the air induction passage. The throttle body 9 may be integrally molded with theair induction module 3 at theopening 6, as illustrated, or may be machined from the same block, or may be mechanically attached to each other with appropriate fixing means. - The inlet side portion and the
outlet side portion fixation 13A, for example nuts andbolts 13A traversingcorresponding bores 13, and may further be fitter with sealing gaskets at their mating surfaces. - The throttle body 9 further presents an internal substantially
flat cavity 15 extending substantially along a plane normal to the air passage direction X. For example, thecavity 15 may be substantially quarter-circle shaped. Thecavity 15 entirely encloses theopening 5 of theair induction passage 2. - The throttle body 9 further comprises, within the
cavity 15 on one and/or the other of theside bodies blind hole 17 defining acentral axis 18. Theaxis 18 is substantially parallel to the air passage direction X. - Furthermore, a through-
hole 19 is provided traversing the entire throttle body 9 concentrically with theaxis 18. The through-hole 19 is diametrically smaller than thecircular recess 17. - As represented more clearly on
figures 3 , and7 to 10 , thethrottle valve 11 is enclosed by the throttle body 9, and more specifically, thethrottle valve 11 is arranged within the space defined by thecavity 11 between theinlet side body 5A and anoutlet side body 5B. - The
throttle valve 11 is typically made of steel and presents a substantially flat ovate form, extending from abroader valve portion 11 A sized to cover theopening 6, and asmaller mounting portion 11B. The mountingportion 11B further comprises a protrusion sized to rotationally fit within thecircular recess 17 of the throttle body 9. Thethrottle valve 11 is made from a thin plate, for example 1 to 12 mm, such as 2.7 mm. The thickness of the throttle valve will be preferably substantially equal, accounting for tolerances, to the depth of thecavity 15. - The
throttle valve assembly 5 further comprises athrottle shaft 21 having a cylindrical body rotationally fixed to thethrottle valve 11 via a raisedportion 21 A at theshaft 21 mid-section. The raisedportion 21 A is fitted to a corresponding key-opening 11 C centred at the rotational centre of the mountingportion 11 B of thevalve 11. Thevalve 11 may for example be fixed to theshaft 21 by interference fit, welding, or adhesive means. - The raised
portion 21A may also for example present two parallel flat sides to prevent rotational slip between thevalve 11 and theshaft 21. - Furthermore, each extremity of the
throttle shaft 21 presents endportions - Referring to
figures 7 to 10 , according to the present exemplary embodiment, athrottle actuator 23 is fixed to theend portion 21 B of the shaft 1. - The
throttle actuator 23 may present acam portion 23A mounted on theshaft 21. Thecam portion 23A presents acircumferential groove 23B adapted for retaining for example a throttle cable connected to an accelerator handle or pedal actuated by a user. - Furthermore, a
throttle position sensor 31 is fixed to theother end portion 21C of theshaft 21. In the presently described embodiment, thethrottle position sensor 31 measures the position of thethrottle 11 via the rotational position of theshaft 21. The signals generated by theposition sensor 31 may be analogue or digital. Thesensor 31 may for example present anelectronic connector 31 A for connecting to a controller, for example an Engine Control Unit (ECU), also known as Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC). Suchrotational position sensors 31 are well known to the skilled person, and are commonly available on the market, for example under the brand CTS. - The
shaft 21 is mounted in the through-hole 19 of thethrottle valve assembly 5, such that the shaft is concentric withaxis 18. In this position, - the
shaft 21 extends longitudinally along the X direction within the through-hole 19, - the
throttle valve 11 is arranged such that the mountingportion 11 B fits within thecircular recess 17, thereby permitting for rotational movement of thevalve 11 inside thecavity 15 about theshaft 21, - the
throttle 21 is rotationally locked to theshaft 21 via the mountingportion 11B and the raisedportion 21A, - the throttle valve is enclosed in rotation by the
cavity 15, - the
valve portion 11 A of thethrottle valve 11 is rotatable between a first position ("closed position") (seefigure 8 ) wherein thethrottle valve 11 substantially closes theopening 6 and theair induction passage 2 to the passage of air there through, and a second position ("open position") (seefigure 9 ) wherein thethrottle valve 11 clears theopening 6 and theair induction passage 2 is free to the passage of air there through, and - the
throttle actuator 23 and thesensor 31 are positioned external to the throttle body 9. - Referring to
figures 3 to 5 and7 , atorsional spring 25 may be fitted around theshaft 21 between thethrottle actuator 23 and the throttle body 9 in order to bias thethrottle actuator 23 in a position whereby thevalve 11 is in the closed position, or a substantially closed position permitting engine idling conditions. - According to an exemplary variant of the present embodiment, the air delivery device may further comprise a
fuel injector system 35 adapted for injected combustion fuel into theair induction passage 2. Thefuel injector system 35 comprises an electronic controller module and a correspondingelectrical connector 37, and is adapted to control the volume of combustion fluid injected in function of the volume of air flow through theair induction passage 2. Thefuel injector system 35 may for example be arranged through anopening 39 provided downstream of thethrottle valve 11. - Fuel injector system per se are well known in the art, and the skilled person will easily be able to adapt an air delivery device 1 as described herein with an appropriate
fuel injector system 35, for example the Delphi injector reference M35-Mini-25384016-Sh3, or Magneti Marelli injector reference IWP048. - The air delivery device as described operates as follows.
- The air delivery device 1 as described is positioned between one or more air intake valves of a naturally-aspirated or forced-induction internal combustion engine and a source of air.
- Air thus flows through the air delivery device 1 along
air induction passage 2 from theinlet portion 3A to and theoutlet portion 3B, passing via thethrottle valve assembly 5. - The user, wishing to control the power developed by the internal combustion engine by controlling the amount of air (oxygen) that enters the engine per stroke of the engine, actuates for example the foot pedal of a motor vehicle or the handle of a motorcycle.
- The activation of the foot pedal or the handle induces rotation of the
cam 23A of thethrottle actuator 23, which results in a rotation of thethrottle valve 11. - The position of the
throttle valve 11 with respect to theopening 6 of theair induction passage 2 determines the smallest cross-sectional area of theair induction passage 2, which is in turn correlated to a specific mass or volume of air which the engine is able to aspirate, thus determine the ultimate power able to be generated by the engine. - The
throttle position sensor 31 concurrently senses the position of theshaft 21 to determine the position of thethrottle valve 11. From the position of the throttle valve it is possible to determine the mass of air flow through the air delivery device 1. This rotational position information may be communicated to the ECU to determine the fuel injection required by thefuel injector system 35 in function of the speed of the engine, the leanness of the operation cycle desired, and yet other factors. - Of course, the preceding description is exemplary rather than limiting in nature.
- In particular, the air delivery device 1 according to the present invention may comprise an electronically controlled
throttle actuator 23 actionned by electronic impulse, rather than physical connection to a pedal or handle. This is commonly referred to as fly-by-wire. - Furthermore, the air delivery device 1 may not necessary present a
fuel injection system 35, which may be mounted elsewhere to an internal combustion engine. - Variations and modifications to the disclosed examples may become apparent to those skilled in the art that do not necessarily depart from the essence of this invention. The scope of legal protection given to this invention can only be determined by studying the following claims.
Claims (13)
- Air delivery device for internal combustion engines, comprising an air induction passage (2) for directing the passage of air towards at least one combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine and a throttle valve assembly (5) having a throttle valve (11), said throttle valve (11) being operable between a first position wherein said throttle valve substantially closes said induction passage to the passage of air, and a second position wherein said throttle valve opens said air induction passage to the passage of air, characterized in that the throttle valve (11) rotates about a rotation axis (18) lying outside the air induction passage (2).
- Air delivery device according to claim 1, wherein said rotation axis is parallel to the direction of air flow within said air induction passage.
- Air delivery device according to claim 1, wherein said rotation axis is tilted relatively to the direction of air flow within said air induction passage by an angle under 40°.
- Air delivery device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said throttle valve (11) is a substantially flat plate extending along a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis (18).
- Air delivery device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said throttle valve assembly comprises a throttle body (9) presenting a cavity (15) extending transversally from the air induction passage (2) and adapted for receiving said throttle valve (11) and for allowing movement of the throttle valve between its said first and second positions, said throttle valve being radially mounted to a shaft (21) entering into the cavity (15).
- Air delivery device according to claim 5, wherein the throttle valve is connected to a throttle-valve actuator (23) via the shaft (21).
- Air delivery device according to claim 6, wherein the actuator (23) comprises a throttle cable retention means and a cam portion (23A) presenting a circumferential groove (23B) for receiving the throttle cable.
- Air delivery device according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a sensor (31) adapted for measuring the rotational position of the throttle valve (11).
- Air delivery device according to both claims 5 and 8, wherein the sensor is mounted to the shaft (21).
- Air delivery device according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a fuel injection system (35) for injecting fuel into the air induction passage.
- Air delivery device according to claim 10, wherein the fuel injection system is mounted to the throttle valve assembly.
- An internal combustion engine comprising an air delivery device according to any one of the preceding claims.
- A motorbike comprising an air delivery device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 11.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10305065A EP2354497A1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2010-01-20 | Air delivery device for internal combustion engines |
FR1150260A FR2955361B1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-12 | AIR SUPPLY DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
ITFI20110003 ITFI20110003U1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-17 | "AIR DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES" |
DE202011001769U DE202011001769U1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-20 | Air supply device for internal combustion engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10305065A EP2354497A1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2010-01-20 | Air delivery device for internal combustion engines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2354497A1 true EP2354497A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
Family
ID=42224138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10305065A Withdrawn EP2354497A1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2010-01-20 | Air delivery device for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2354497A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202011001769U1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2955361B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITFI20110003U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10612687B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-04-07 | Caterpillar Inc. | Shutoff valve assembly and sensing subsystem for detecting state of same |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5926509B2 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2016-05-25 | 株式会社ミクニ | Throttle device |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR998477A (en) * | 1945-10-10 | 1952-01-18 | Apparatus for controlling the power supply of motor vehicle engines | |
FR1385941A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1965-01-15 | Porsche Kg | Internal combustion engine with air intake device, in particular for internal combustion engines with injection and spark ignition |
US4537386A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1985-08-27 | Bralorne Resources Limited | Engine shutdown valve |
US4546954A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1985-10-15 | Bodnar Ronald J | Engine air cut-off valve |
CA1335487C (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1995-05-09 | Joseph Krepela | Engine shutdown valve |
US5555865A (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-09-17 | Hyundai Motor Company, Ltd. | Air flow control device for an internal combustion engine |
US5671712A (en) * | 1994-01-25 | 1997-09-30 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Induction system for engine |
US20030150422A1 (en) * | 2001-12-24 | 2003-08-14 | Jong-Hoe Huh | Device for varying the fuel-air mixture flow to an engine |
US20050066936A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Air intake structure for a vehicle, and vehicle including same |
DE102005028806A1 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2007-01-11 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Motor vehicle internal combustion engine intake passage control has rotary obturator shaped as body of revolution having cross section matching passage |
EP1884636A1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-06 | MAGNETI MARELLI POWERTRAIN S.p.A. | Variable geometry intake manifold for an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2724418B1 (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1997-01-17 | Magneti Marelli France | AIR INTAKE TUBE WITH PIVOTING SHUTTERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
JP2008088835A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-17 | Denso Corp | Control device for internal combustion engine |
JP4442653B2 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-03-31 | 株式会社デンソー | Intake control device for internal combustion engine |
-
2010
- 2010-01-20 EP EP10305065A patent/EP2354497A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-01-12 FR FR1150260A patent/FR2955361B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-17 IT ITFI20110003 patent/ITFI20110003U1/en unknown
- 2011-01-20 DE DE202011001769U patent/DE202011001769U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR998477A (en) * | 1945-10-10 | 1952-01-18 | Apparatus for controlling the power supply of motor vehicle engines | |
FR1385941A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1965-01-15 | Porsche Kg | Internal combustion engine with air intake device, in particular for internal combustion engines with injection and spark ignition |
US4546954A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1985-10-15 | Bodnar Ronald J | Engine air cut-off valve |
US4537386A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1985-08-27 | Bralorne Resources Limited | Engine shutdown valve |
CA1335487C (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1995-05-09 | Joseph Krepela | Engine shutdown valve |
US5671712A (en) * | 1994-01-25 | 1997-09-30 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Induction system for engine |
US5555865A (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-09-17 | Hyundai Motor Company, Ltd. | Air flow control device for an internal combustion engine |
US20030150422A1 (en) * | 2001-12-24 | 2003-08-14 | Jong-Hoe Huh | Device for varying the fuel-air mixture flow to an engine |
US20050066936A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Air intake structure for a vehicle, and vehicle including same |
DE102005028806A1 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2007-01-11 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Motor vehicle internal combustion engine intake passage control has rotary obturator shaped as body of revolution having cross section matching passage |
EP1884636A1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-06 | MAGNETI MARELLI POWERTRAIN S.p.A. | Variable geometry intake manifold for an internal combustion engine |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10612687B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-04-07 | Caterpillar Inc. | Shutoff valve assembly and sensing subsystem for detecting state of same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE202011001769U1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
ITFI20110003U1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
FR2955361B1 (en) | 2015-05-15 |
FR2955361A1 (en) | 2011-07-22 |
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