EP2341760A1 - Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED) - Google Patents

Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2341760A1
EP2341760A1 EP10151196A EP10151196A EP2341760A1 EP 2341760 A1 EP2341760 A1 EP 2341760A1 EP 10151196 A EP10151196 A EP 10151196A EP 10151196 A EP10151196 A EP 10151196A EP 2341760 A1 EP2341760 A1 EP 2341760A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
choke
current
signal
converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10151196A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Zimmermann
Eduardo Pereira
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonic AG
Original Assignee
Tridonic AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tridonic AG filed Critical Tridonic AG
Priority to EP10151196A priority Critical patent/EP2341760A1/de
Priority to DE112010004983.1T priority patent/DE112010004983B4/de
Priority to PCT/EP2010/070587 priority patent/WO2011076898A1/en
Priority to CN201080058870.4A priority patent/CN102812779B/zh
Priority to EP10798097.1A priority patent/EP2517535B1/de
Publication of EP2341760A1 publication Critical patent/EP2341760A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H05B45/14—Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating light emitting diodes and to a method for achieving this purpose.
  • Fig. 1 shows, for example, spectra of a blue 1, a green 2, a yellow 3 and a red 4 light emitting diode.
  • Modules are known in which light emitting diodes of different colours, e.g. blue and yellow (two LEDs) or red, green and blue (RGB) are combined in such a way that their light is mixed, for example, by means of a diffusion screen and that the mixed light appears white or that the spectrum 5 of the light resulting therefrom extends over the whole visible range.
  • the colour rendering index expresses how close the colour rendering of an artificial lighting means comes to the broadly distributed continuous spectrum of natural sunlight. As is generally known, this cannot be expressed solely by the colour temperature because the colour temperature does not indicate whether there may be gaps in the spectrum of an artificial lighting means.
  • RGB light emitting diodes are connected to each other.
  • white light emitting diodes are used. These are light emitting diodes which are combined with photoluminescent material (fluorescence stain, luminescent material). The light from the LED chip in a first spectrum is partially converted into a second spectrum by the phosphorous layer or colour conversion layer formed thereby. The mixture of the first and second spectrum then produces the spectrum of white light.
  • Fig. 2 shows the spectrum of such a white light emitting diode.
  • shortwave light such as, for example, blue light 8 can be converted into longwave light, for example, in the yellow or red wavelength range 9.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved control circuit and control method for operating for light emitting diodes.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a driving circuit for provision of an operating current for at least one lighting means, such as e.g. a light emitting diode
  • the driving circuit comprising a switched converter having a switch controlled by a control circuitry, wherein a choke is charged when the control circuitry control the switch in its conducting state and the choke is de-charged when the control circuits controls the switch in its non-conducting state, wherein by supplying an external signal or an internal feedback signal to the control circuitry, the control circuitry is designed to adapt the clocking of the switch in order to adapt the operating mode of the switched converter.
  • the operating mode of the driving circuit arrangement and therefore of the switched converter can be selected out of three, so called continuos conduction mode, the so called borderline or critical conduction mode or the discontinuos conduction mode, or a combination of them.
  • the switched converter may be a DC/DC converter.
  • the switched converter may be a buck converter, a boost converter, a fly-back converter, a buck-boost converter or a switched power factor correction circuit.
  • the external signal may be at least one of a dimming signal, a color control signal and a color temperature signal.
  • the feedback signal may be at least one of a power consumption signal, a lighting means current signal or a load characteristic signal representing at least one electrical parameter of the lighting means load driven by the driving circuit.
  • the load characteristic signal may represent the number and/or the topology of at least two LEDs driven by the driving circuit.
  • the control circuitry may be an integrated circuit such as e.g. an ASIC or a microcontroller or a hybrid thereof.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for dimming at least one LED using a switched converter for supplying the at least one LED with electrical power, wherein the dimming selectively is performed via at least two dimming modes out of the three following dimming modes:
  • the first and second dimming mode may be selected depending on the value of a external signal or an internal feedback signal of the switched converter.
  • the external signal may be at least one of a dimming signal, a color control signal and a color temperature signal.
  • the feedback signal may be at least one of a power consumption signal, a lighting means current signal or a load characteristic signal representing at least one electrical parameter of the lighting means load driven by the driving circuit.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first exemplified embodiment of a circuit arrangement 130 for controlling the light emitting diode 34 in accordance with the invention.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 has a switched converter which is formed by the choke L1, the capacitor C1, the free-wheeling diode D1, the switch S1 and the light emitting diodes 34.
  • the switch S1 is controlled by a control circuitry, such as an IC (microcontroller, ASIC, hybrid thereof etc.).
  • a control circuitry such as an IC (microcontroller, ASIC, hybrid thereof etc.).
  • the switched converter is formed as a buck converter, however, other topologies such as a boost converter (see figure 5 ), a flyback converter, a PFC or even a buck-boost converter can also be used.
  • a plurality of resistors is provided in order to monitor the currents and voltages in the switched converter and at the light emitting diodes 34.
  • the resistor Rs thus serves to monitor the current through the switch S1 during the switch-on period of the switch S1, wherein the current is represented by the voltage U s across the shunt R s .
  • the current iF flows through the load, i.e. the LEDs.
  • the current i L flows through the choke L1.
  • the two voltage dividers R3/ R4 and R1/ R2 serve to monitor the voltage U LED across the light emitting diodes 34.
  • the light emitting diodes 34 can also be connected in series with the choke L1.
  • the switch S1 of the switched converter is controlled by the control circuit IC.
  • the control circuit IC can be supplied externally and/or internally with desired values which specify the time-averaged desired current through the light emitting diodes.
  • internal feedback signals can be supplied to the control circuit IC from the supply voltage, the switched regulator and/or the load circuit comprising one or more LEDs.
  • the control circuit IC can be supplied with a colour locus correction command as an external desired value.
  • This colour locus correction command can selectively trigger the amplitude spread and possibly also specify the extent of the amplitude spread.
  • the colour locus correction command therefore specifies an adaptation of the spectrum.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 is an advantageous embodiment to achieve control of the light emitting diodes 34 in accordance with the invention with the smallest possible losses.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 is controlled in such a way that the current i L through the choke L1 never falls to zero but maintains a value which is constant on average (this is called the continuous conduction mode as the current i L is never allowed to drop to zero).
  • the choke L1 is magnetised in a first phase by switching on the switch S1.
  • the current i L through the choke L1 can be monitored in this phase by means of the resistor Rs. If a certain current value (upper limit value) is achieved, the switch S1 is opened.
  • the current i L is now driven further through the free-wheeling diode D1 and the light emitting diodes 34.
  • the current i L through the choke L1 thus slowly falls.
  • the capacitor C1 is also charged.
  • the reduction in the demagnetisation and in the current i L through the choke L1 can be monitored by the two voltage dividers R3/ R4 and R1/ R2. If the current i L reaches a certain lower limit value, the switch S1 is switched on and the choke L1 is magnetised. While the free-wheeling diode D1 now blocks the current flow, the capacitor C1 is discharged via the light emitting diodes 34.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 is thus operated in the high-frequency range.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 can also be operated in the so-called borderline (or critical mode), in which the current is allowed to drop to zero, but caused ti raise again immediately when reaching the zero value.
  • the borderline mode operation produces an operating current 100 in accordance with Figure 3 .
  • the choke L1 is magnetised, starting from complete demagnetisation, by closing the switch S1 until the maximum value ⁇ I has been achieved.
  • the switch S1 is now opened and the choke L1 demagnetised, which leads to a fall in the operating current.
  • the time when the zero point of the operating current is achieved can be determined.
  • the switch S1 can be closed and the choke L1 can be magnetised again.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 can, for example, also be operated in an operating mode in accordance with Fig. 2 .
  • the choke L1 is magnetised, starting from complete demagnetisation, by closing the switch S1 until the maximum value ⁇ I has been achieved.
  • the switch S1 is now opened and the choke L1 is demagnetised but only until an internally set lower limit value just below the maximum value ⁇ I is achieved. If this value has been achieved, the switch S1 is switched on, such that a hysteresis control is achieved.
  • the circuit arrangement 130 is now operated in a so-called continuous conduction mode CCM until the time duration Tnom has elapsed.
  • the switch S1 is permanently open and the choke L1 is demagnetised, which leads to a fall in the choke current i L .
  • the time when the zero point of the choke current i L is reached can be determined.
  • the switch S1 can be closed and the choke L1 can be magnetised. In this operating mode the switch S1 has two different switching frequencies, during the time duration Tnom it is controlled with a higher clock frequency in comparison to the time durations Tr, Tf and T off .
  • the operating mode of the circuit arrangement 130 and therefore of the switched converter can be selected and adapted.
  • Operation in the so-called continuous conduction mode, in the so-called borderline or critical mode, the discontinuous mode (in which the current remains at zero fpr a time period larger than zero) or even a combination of the three operating modes can be selected for example.
  • a switched converter (buck converter, boost converter, PFC converter, flyback converter, etc.) selectively operates in at least two different operation modes, which different operation modes e.g. can be different dimming modes.
  • the at least two different operation modes can be selected e.g. from:
  • the different dimming modes can e.g. be used to have a first dimming range up to a defined threshold value, and a second dimming range in which the switch converter is in a different operation mode than in the first dimming range.
  • a third dimming range can be provided in which the switch converter is operated in a third operation mode (which is different both to the first and second operation mode).
  • Figure 2 shows different signal curves when a switched converter is operated in the so-called continuous conduction mode CCM.
  • the control circuitry switches off the switch S1.
  • the choke L1 linearly demagnetizes which can be seen from the linearly falling choke current i L .
  • the switch S1 is switched on again leading to the shown hysteresis controller behaviour of figure 2 .
  • the power supplied to the LED load is a function of the time average value of the choke current. Obviously, by increasing the time period t off during which the switch is in the non-conducting state, the average value of the choke current i L can be reduced, leading to a downwards dimming (reduced power) of the LED load.
  • Figure 3 shows the so-called borderline or critical conduction mode, in which the non-conducting period of the switch S1, the time period t off as well as the switching-on time period t on have been increased such that the current i L is allowed to drop to zero during the non-conducting time period t off , the switch S1 is switched on (put in the conducting state) by the control circuitry as soon as it has reached the zero value.
  • FIG 4 now illustrates the already mentioned third operation mode for a switch converter, the so-called discontinuous conduction mode.
  • the choke current i L is again be allowed to drop to zero.
  • the switch S1 is not immediately switched on upon the choke current i L reaching the zero value. Rather, the non conducting time period t off is extended such that there is a non zero time period during which the choke current I L remains at zero.
  • a dimming can be achieved e.g. by increasing the t off value and thus the time period in which the choke current i L is zero.
  • Figure 5 shows an actively switched power factor correction circuit PFC, which according to the invention can selectively operate in a least two different modes, when assessed by the respective waveform of the choke current i L .
  • the power circuitry is depicted as a micro controller ⁇ c, although e.g. also an ASIC or a hybrid version of a microcontroller and an ASIC can be used.
  • Internal feedback signals from the switched controller can be fed back to the control circuitry.
  • Typical examples are the sensed input voltage of the switched converter, a zero crossing detection signal for detecting the zero crossing of the choke current i L , a signal indicating the current through the switch S1 and furthermore, feedback signals from the load such as e.g. the lighting means (LED) voltage, the lighting means (LED) current and the load characteristics, i.e. a signal indicating e.g. the number and the topology of several connected LEDs driven as a load.
  • the load e.g. the lighting means (LED) voltage, the lighting means (LED) current and the load characteristics, i.e. a signal indicating e.g. the number and the topology of several connected LEDs driven as a load.
  • control circuitry can be fed to the control circuitry.
  • e.g. dimming signals can be fed to the control circuitry.
  • control circuitry as shown in figures 5 or 6 for a switched lighting means converter can operate selectively in different operation modes, i.e. the continuous conduction mode of figure 24, the borderline (critical) conduction mode of figure 3 or the discontinuous conduction mode of figure 4 .
  • the control circuitry will select the best-suited operation mode according to any of the internal and/or external feedback signals, examples of which are given above.
  • Figure 6 shows a buck converter used as a current source of one or more LEDs driven as a load.
  • different internal feedback signals e.g. input or supply voltage, zero crossing detection, switch current, load characteristic, power consumption representing parameters
  • external signals e.g. external dimming control signals
  • the adaptive setting of the operation mode of the switched lighting means converter according to the invention has several advantages, which will be explained now.
  • An advantage is that without changing the dimensions of the hardware elements, such as for example the choke L1 and the storage capacitor C1, varying loads, such as for example different topologies or different numbers of driven LEDs can be operated by the switched conducting means converter, all by having reasonable switching times and frequencies for the choke current i L and thus the LED current iF.
  • a choke L1 with a maximum allowed current of 0.55 A can be used in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) for a LED current iF up to 500 mA (average value), wherein the t on -time period duration for the switch S1 primarily depends on the amplitude (RMS value) of the supply voltage V in and the voltage across the LEDs U LED . If it is desired (indicated e.g. via an external or internal dimming command) to reduce the average value of the LED current iF, obviously the t on -time period has to be reduced, especially when also U LED is small. This reduction of Ton-time period for the switch S1 will thus lead to very high switching frequencies.
  • the choke current i L will eventually be allowed to drop to zero, which corresponds to a dimming of the LEDs, in which the LED current iF time average basis is only 50% of the allowed maximum LED current i F .
  • the dimming value of 50% leads to a change of the previous continuous conduction mode to the borderline mode.
  • the switched converter will change from the borderline conduction mode to the discontinuous conduction mode depicted in figure 4 .
  • the t off time period will be further increased in order to further reduce the average LED current iF all by having a t on time period is not too small, i.e. below a certain lower threshold value representing the minimum value possible e.g. with the clocking of the control circuitry.
  • control circuitry will use an operation mode for the switched lighting means converter depending on the load, the current requirements of the load etc. in order to have a flexible use of the same hardware for different scenarios and for a wide dimming range.
  • the switched converter may be a switched PFC, which generates, as a first converter stage of at least two converter stages, a DC voltage typically out of a rectified AC voltage, such as e.g. mains voltage.
  • As second converter stage may be provided, which may be a DC/DC or DC/AC (e.g. half bridge or full bridge converter) stage supplying the lighting means and optionally also selectively operating in different operation modes, depending on external signal and/or internal feedback signal.
  • DC/DC or DC/AC e.g. half bridge or full bridge converter
EP10151196A 2009-12-23 2010-01-20 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED) Withdrawn EP2341760A1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10151196A EP2341760A1 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-01-20 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED)
DE112010004983.1T DE112010004983B4 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Schaltung für den Betrieb von Leuchtdioden (LEDs)
PCT/EP2010/070587 WO2011076898A1 (en) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 CIRCUIT FOR OPERATING LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDs)
CN201080058870.4A CN102812779B (zh) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 用于操作发光二极管（led）的电路
EP10798097.1A EP2517535B1 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09180513 2009-12-23
EP10151196A EP2341760A1 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-01-20 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2341760A1 true EP2341760A1 (de) 2011-07-06

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10151196A Withdrawn EP2341760A1 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-01-20 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED)
EP10798097.1A Active EP2517535B1 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED)

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10798097.1A Active EP2517535B1 (de) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Schaltkreis zum Betreiben von Leuchtdioden (LED)

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2341760A1 (de)
CN (1) CN102812779B (de)
DE (1) DE112010004983B4 (de)
WO (1) WO2011076898A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013102548A1 (en) * 2012-01-06 2013-07-11 Osram Gmbh Led driving circuit and illumination device including the same
EP2512208A3 (de) * 2011-04-13 2014-05-14 Panasonic Corporation Feste Lichtquellen-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Beleuchtungsbefestigung damit
CN104619092A (zh) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-13 辉芒微电子（深圳）有限公司 一种led驱动电路
WO2016134945A1 (de) * 2015-02-24 2016-09-01 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltregler zum betreiben von leuchtmitteln mit spitzenstromwertsteuerung und mittelstromwerterfassung
DE102015223723A1 (de) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-01 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltregler zum Betreiben von Leuchtmitteln mit Spitzenstromwertsteuerung und Mittelstromwerterfassung
US10462859B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2019-10-29 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Clocked flyback converter circuit

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011088966A1 (de) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-20 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Betriebsschaltung für Leuchtdioden und Verfahren zum Betrieb von Leuchtdioden
JP5988207B2 (ja) * 2012-09-07 2016-09-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 固体発光素子駆動装置及び照明装置、照明器具
DE102013205859B4 (de) * 2013-04-03 2021-12-09 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Betriebsschaltung zum Betrieb von Leuchtmitteln, insbesondere Leuchtdioden (LEDs)
AT14074U1 (de) * 2013-04-30 2015-04-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Betriebsschaltung für LED
JP6037284B2 (ja) 2013-05-28 2016-12-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 点灯装置及びそれを用いた照明器具、照明システム
DE102014205843A1 (de) 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Berührungssicheres Betriebsgerät für Leuchtmittel mit PWM-modulierter Ausgangsspannung
DE102014221024A1 (de) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Betriebsschaltung für Leuchtmittel mit PFC-Steuereinheit
DE102014221511A1 (de) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg PFC-Schaltung mit spannungsabhängiger Signalzuführung
DE102018204891A1 (de) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-14 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Betriebsgerät für eine elektrische Last und Verfahren

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WO2007141741A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2007-12-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuitry for dimming led illumination devices
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2512208A3 (de) * 2011-04-13 2014-05-14 Panasonic Corporation Feste Lichtquellen-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Beleuchtungsbefestigung damit
US8872444B2 (en) 2011-04-13 2014-10-28 Panasonic Corporation Lighting device for solid-state light source and illumination apparatus including same
WO2013102548A1 (en) * 2012-01-06 2013-07-11 Osram Gmbh Led driving circuit and illumination device including the same
CN104619092A (zh) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-13 辉芒微电子（深圳）有限公司 一种led驱动电路
WO2016134945A1 (de) * 2015-02-24 2016-09-01 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltregler zum betreiben von leuchtmitteln mit spitzenstromwertsteuerung und mittelstromwerterfassung
US10285231B2 (en) 2015-02-24 2019-05-07 Triconic Gmbh & Co Kg Switching regulator for operating luminaires, featuring peak current value controlling and mean current value detection
AT16867U1 (de) * 2015-02-24 2020-11-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Abwärtswandler zum Betreiben von Leuchtmitteln mit Spitzenstromwertsteuerung und Mittelstromwerterfassung
US10462859B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2019-10-29 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Clocked flyback converter circuit
DE102015223723A1 (de) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-01 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltregler zum Betreiben von Leuchtmitteln mit Spitzenstromwertsteuerung und Mittelstromwerterfassung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011076898A1 (en) 2011-06-30
DE112010004983T5 (de) 2013-01-24
EP2517535A1 (de) 2012-10-31
DE112010004983B4 (de) 2024-04-18
EP2517535B1 (de) 2017-05-24
CN102812779A (zh) 2012-12-05
CN102812779B (zh) 2016-05-25

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