EP2324461A1 - Monitoring system, method and computer program for detecting and/or tracking a monitoring object - Google Patents

Monitoring system, method and computer program for detecting and/or tracking a monitoring object

Info

Publication number
EP2324461A1
EP2324461A1 EP09781914A EP09781914A EP2324461A1 EP 2324461 A1 EP2324461 A1 EP 2324461A1 EP 09781914 A EP09781914 A EP 09781914A EP 09781914 A EP09781914 A EP 09781914A EP 2324461 A1 EP2324461 A1 EP 2324461A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signature
monitoring
sensors
surveillance
information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09781914A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2324461B1 (en
Inventor
Axel Baumann
Hartmut Loos
Jan Karl Warzelhan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2324461A1 publication Critical patent/EP2324461A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2324461B1 publication Critical patent/EP2324461B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
    • G08B13/19608—Tracking movement of a target, e.g. by detecting an object predefined as a target, using target direction and or velocity to predict its new position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/38—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass with central registration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a monitoring system for detecting and / or tracking at least one moving monitoring object in a surveillance area with a plurality of surveillance sensors, which are spatially distributed and / or distributable in the surveillance area and which are designed to detect the surveillance object and to output captured object information , with an evaluation device, which is designed to detect and / or track the monitored object by comparing acquired object information with an object signature of the monitored object, and with a signature lock with at least two signature sensors, which are designed to detect the surveillance object and to output object signature information and / or are arranged.
  • the invention further relates to a method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object and a computer program.
  • monitoring areas are recorded by surveillance cameras and the image data streams of the surveillance cameras are usually combined in a monitoring center.
  • the evaluation of the image data streams can be done by monitoring personnel, but often resorted to image processing algorithms to allow an automated evaluation of the image data streams.
  • a common procedure in automated evaluation via image processing algorithms is to separate moving monitoring objects from (essentially static) scene background of the surveillance area, to track over time and, for example, to trigger alarms for relevant movements.
  • Monitoring systems are also known which use other sensor systems instead of
  • the tracking of surveillance objects is particularly difficult if the surveillance area is very extensive and the surveillance cameras or other sensors only cover partial areas of the surveillance area.
  • the document DE 10 138 763 A1 relates to another technical field, namely the access authorization for persons to a security area.
  • the invention relates to a monitoring system having the features of claim 1, a method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object with the features of claim 11 and a computer program having the features of claim 12.
  • a monitoring system which is suitable and / or designed for detecting and / or tracking at least one moving monitoring object in a monitoring area.
  • the moving monitoring object is preferably designed as a person, in modified
  • the moving monitoring object may also be designed as a vehicle, an object moving on its own power and / or as an object moved by external power.
  • the surveillance area may comprise individual open-air areas and / or areas in, on and / or under a building, in particular buildings.
  • the individual areas may be formed integrally or, in alternative embodiments, may also be arranged separately from one another. In a building, for example, it is possible to monitor several floors of the building as a surveillance area.
  • the monitoring system has a plurality of monitoring sensors, which are spatially distributed and / or distributable in the monitoring area.
  • the monitoring sensors may overlap with the detection areas or at least partially arranged without overlapping.
  • the monitoring system comprises a signature lock, which in the most general case can be designed as an unlimited lock area.
  • the lock area is limited by design measures or designed as a lock room or lock device.
  • at least one signature sensor is arranged, which is designed to detect the surveillance object and to output object signature information.
  • the signature sensor can be designed analogously to one of the monitoring sensors.
  • the sensors, ie the monitoring and / or signature sensors, are for
  • Register formed by different object properties of the monitored object which are suitable for monitoring, detection and / or tracking of the monitored object and / or used and can be output as object information or object signature information.
  • An evaluation device which forms part of the monitoring system, is designed to detect and / or track, in particular identify, the monitored object by comparing object information from at least one monitoring sensor with an object signature of the monitored object.
  • the object signature is preferably formed as a collection of object signature information that has been selectively and / or individually created for a single monitoring object.
  • the signature lock comprises at least two, preferably at least three, and in particular at least four or more signature sensors, wherein the signature lock is designed such that the object signature information of at least - A -
  • two signature sensors can be clearly and / or unmistakably assigned to the monitoring object.
  • An advantage of the monitoring system is that the formation of the object signature by the signature signature information from the signature lock ensures that all object signature information that contributes to the formation of the object signature actually originates from a single monitor object. Comparing the inventive concept, for example, with a concept of a continuous structure of the object signature, with uncorrelated monitoring sensors participate in the formation of the object signature, there is always the danger that a
  • a further advantage of the invention is the fact that after passing through the signature lock for the monitoring object or for each subsequent monitoring object, a complete or at least comprehensive individual object signature is formed, which on the basis of the acquisitions preferably all
  • Signature sensors in the signature lock was generated. Namely, it is preferably provided that the object signature is completely formed in the signature lock, ie that the signature lock has all those signature sensors which can provide the necessary object signature information for the formation of the object signature.
  • At least two signature sensors are designed and / or arranged for spatially overlapping and / or chronologically overlapping detection of the monitored object and / or for temporally and / or spatially correlated detection of the monitored object.
  • the monitoring object is detected simultaneously or simultaneously from all sides with a corresponding selection of signature sensors.
  • several similar signature sensors can be used.
  • at least two surveillance cameras are provided for the simultaneous or simultaneous detection of different views of the surveillance object. For example a front and a rear view or a side view and a side view of the opposite side of the monitoring object is recorded.
  • the signature sensors for receiving the object signature are positioned so that they do not interfere with each other.
  • the signature lock has a separating device for separating the monitored object, wherein the at least two signature sensors are arranged in a separating region in order to detect the separated monitoring object there.
  • the temporal and / or spatial correlation is achieved by ensuring that only a single monitoring object can be present in a specific area of the signature lock, so that all sensor-specific detections in the singulation area must necessarily belong to the isolated monitoring object ,
  • the signature lock is arranged at an entrance of the monitoring area.
  • the monitoring object is completely detected as an object signature upon entering or entering the surveillance area, so that a detection and / or tracking of the surveillance object in the surveillance area based on the object signature is possible everywhere.
  • a plurality of signature locks are arranged at a plurality of inputs of the surveillance area.
  • the signature lock is formed with an automated activation for detecting the monitored object.
  • the signature lock is formed with an automated activation for detecting the monitored object.
  • no user intervention by, for example, monitoring personnel or the monitoring object itself is necessary to start the formation of the object signature.
  • the formation of the object signature is started as soon as the monitoring object is at a certain position.
  • the signature lock for manual activation is formed, for example, by the surveillance object or by monitoring personnel. It can be provided, for example, that the monitoring object must perform a specific action in order to start the formation of the object signature. This embodiment may be useful if, for example For reasons of data protection, first an approval of the monitoring object for generating the object signature is obtained.
  • means may be provided which open access to the surveillance area only when the object signature is formed.
  • the signature sensors and / or the monitoring sensors comprise one or more of the following types of sensors:
  • - Surveillance cameras preferably stationary or moving (eg pan-tilt-zoom cameras) surveillance cameras with different observation wavelengths (UV, VIS, NIR, IR), in particular for all-around the view of the monitored object and / or to measure the real size or the dimensions of the surveillance object;
  • observation wavelengths UV, VIS, NIR, IR
  • - Acoustic sensors e.g. Microphones for recording typical noises, e.g. Breathing, heartbeat, engine noise etc ..
  • sensors can use biometric data, such as
  • the object information or object signature information may include features regarding color, texture, digital image processing features, size, weight, radiation property, temperature, etc.
  • the entirety of the signature sensors covers all or at least the majority of the types of monitoring sensors.
  • the monitoring sensors and / or the signature sensors are arranged and / or interconnected in a sensor network, for example in the form of an LSN bus (LSN: Local Security Network).
  • LSN Local Security Network
  • Sensor network extends within the monitored area formed for example in the form of buildings and / or as open terrain.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object in a surveillance area with the
  • an object signature of the monitoring object based on object signature information is first of all automatically formed by a plurality of signature sensors, wherein means are provided so that the object signature information can be clearly and / or unmistakably assigned to the monitoring object.
  • a further subject relates to a computer program having the features of claim 12.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system as a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system 1 as an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the monitoring system 1 is designed to detect and / or track surveillance objects 4 in the form of passers-by in a surveillance area 2, which is delimited schematically by lines 3.
  • Monitoring sensors 6 are arranged, which monitor various subregions 7 in the surveillance area 2 and in the building 5, respectively.
  • the partial regions 7 are distributed so that they are at least sometimes arranged without overlapping side by side.
  • detection or tracking of the monitoring objects 4 it is now difficult to recognize the monitoring object 4 during a transition from one subarea 7 to the next subarea 7, in order to enable a tracking of the surveillance object 4 over the entire surveillance area 2. Rather, it represents a possible source of error that the monitoring object 4 leaves the one subarea 7 and is included in a next subarea 7 as a new monitoring object 4 in the pursuit. A robust tracking of the monitored object 4 in the monitoring area 2 is made more difficult by this error source.
  • the surveillance area 2 in this example has four signature locks 8a, b, c and d, which are arranged in the entrance area of the surveillance area 2. So that a monitoring object 4 can enter the monitoring area 2, it must be one of the signature locks 8a, b, c or d traverse. Of course, it is possible for the monitoring area 2 to have more or fewer signature locks 8a, b, c, d.
  • Each of the signature locks 8a, b, c, d, in this example, has four signature sensors 9, which are arranged and / or designed in such a way that they can be separated from the
  • Monitoring object 4 when crossing the signature locks 8a, b, c, or d sensor-specific measurement signals are recorded as a basis for object signature information, which are summarized below in an evaluation device 10 to an object signature.
  • the signature sensors 9 are arranged in the signature locks 8a, b, c, d in such a way that a detection of the surveillance object 4, which is in particular spatially and / or temporally correlated, takes place. This correlation ensures that the sensor-specific measurement signals are reliably recorded by one and the same monitoring object 4.
  • the resulting from the sensor-specific measurement signals of the signature sensors 9 object signature is thus characterized by the fact that this certainly based on only one
  • the selection of the signature sensors 9 is such that for each type of monitoring sensor 6 or at least for the majority of all types of monitoring sensors 6, a signature sensor 9 is equipped in the same genus or with a sensor-specific measurement signal compatible thereto.
  • the different sensory functions are visualized by triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons and hexagons.
  • One idea of the monitoring system 1 is that for each monitoring sensor 6 in the
  • Signature lock 8a, b, c, d sensor-specific measurement signals are recorded as a basis for object signature information and stored as an object signature.
  • This approach has the advantage that in the monitoring area 2 only individual monitoring sensors 6 must be arranged, which show, for example, in terms of the current environment, the best detection performance and / or environmental compatibility. Also, the selection of the monitoring sensors 6 may be based on economic considerations. Due to the completeness of the object signature, it is sufficient to place a monitoring sensor 6 per subregion 7 in order to reliably identify or recognize the corresponding surveillance object 4 with its sensor-specific measurement signals on the basis of the stored object signature and thereby enable detection or tracking. Thus, a robust recognition of monitoring objects 4 within the surveillance area 2 is achieved, whereby a complete and comprehensive collection of information about the surveillance object 4 to be tracked is created once in the access area of the surveillance area 2. As monitoring sensors 6 and
  • Signature sensors 9 can be used with a wide variety of sensors, including very different ones, such as surveillance cameras, which allow all-round viewing of the surveillance object 4 and allow, for example, the measurement of the real size and dimensions or the volume of the surveillance object 4.
  • surveillance cameras which allow all-round viewing of the surveillance object 4 and allow, for example, the measurement of the real size and dimensions or the volume of the surveillance object 4.
  • Surveillance cameras can also infrared cameras, are used with a wavelength above 1000 nm, which can register, for example, the temperature and / or the temperature distribution of the monitored object 4. Also odor sensors are possible, which can absorb a specific smell of the monitored object 4. A scale for receiving the weight of the monitored object 4 is also conceivable. Another possibility is the use of an acoustic sensor, for example a microphone, which registers typical noises, such as respiration, heartbeat, but also engine noise or step noise. Other sensors for recording electromagnetic radiation, such as Terrahertzstrahl Institute, are within the possibilities.
  • a radiation measurement for example for the detection of computers, mobile phones, RFID and the like, in order to create an object signature or to recognize the monitoring object 4 again.
  • the information content of the radiation e.g. a cell phone identifier or RFID identification information may be used as the object signature information.
  • the signature sensors 9 for receiving the sensor-specific measurement signals for forming the object signature are arranged in the signature locks 8a, b, c, d so that they do not interfere with one another.
  • the signature sensors 9 are arranged so that the monitoring object 4 are detected at the same time from all sides can. It is also possible to use a plurality of similar signature sensors 9 at the same time, for example surveillance cameras for the simultaneous detection of several or all views of the surveillance object 4.
  • the signature sensors 9 are arranged in a row one after the other, wherein the detection ranges of the signature sensors can be arranged overlapping or non-overlapping.
  • the signature lock 8b has a separating device 11, which allows only a single monitoring object 4 to enter the signature lock 8b.
  • the signature lock 8d is analogous to the signature lock 8 a or b constructed, but in contrast to these, the detection of the monitoring object 4 is not automated, but is activated by operation of a device 12 by the monitoring object.
  • the device 12 may, for example, as a
  • Computer terminal be formed and optionally be connected to a locking device 13, which releases access to the building 5 only when the object signature was formed.
  • the monitoring sensors 6 in the monitoring area 2 can be connected to each other and to the evaluation device 10 via a safety network LSN 14, for example.
  • sensor-specific measuring signals for registering object properties of the monitoring object 4 are recorded in one of the signature locks 8a, b, c, d by the signature sensors 9 and as object signature information via a network 15, which may also form part of the safety network 14, forwarded to the evaluation device 10.
  • the object signature information is summarized in object signatures 16, for example in the form of data records, wherein each data record is assigned to a monitoring object 4 in an individualized manner.
  • the records are supplemented by further information from another database.
  • the measurement signals of the signature sensors 9 on the evaluation device 10 is transmitted and converted there only in object signature information.
  • the monitoring object 4 enters the monitoring area 2, it is registered by any of the monitoring sensors 6 in a further step.
  • the sensor-specific measurement signals of the monitoring sensor 6 are forwarded via the safety network 14 to the evaluation device 10 and compared in the original or post-processed form as object information in a comparison module 17 with the object signature 16 created on the basis of the sensor-specific measurement signals of the signature sensors 9. At a match or sufficient
  • the procedure is arranged with that in the next partial area 7
  • Monitoring sensor 6 repeated.
  • the entirety of the positions or further sensor data of a monitoring object 4 assigned via the object signature 16 is collected and can then be evaluated in order to detect, identify or track the monitoring object 4 in the monitoring area 2.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring system (1) for detecting and/or tracking at least one moving monitoring object (4) in a monitoring area (2), having a plurality of monitoring sensors (6) which are and/or can be spatially distributed in the monitoring area (2) and which are designed to detect the monitoring object (4) and to output detected object information, having a signature lock (8a, b, c, d) having at least one signature sensor (9) which is designed and/or arranged to detect the monitoring object (4) and to output object signature information, having an evaluation device (10) which is designed to create and/or add to an object signature (16) of the monitoring object (4) based on the object signature information and to detect and/or track the monitoring object (4) by comparing detected object information to the object signature (16) of the monitoring object (4), wherein the signature lock (8a, b, c, d) comprises at least two signature sensors (9) and is designed in such a way that the object signature information of the at least two signature sensors (9) can be associated with the monitoring object distinctly and/or unmistakably.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
ÜBERWACHUNGSSYSTEM, VERFAHREN UND COMPUTERPROGRAMM ZUR DETEKTION UND/ODER VERFOLGUNG EINES ÜBERWACHUNGSOBJEKTSMONITORING SYSTEM, METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR DETECTING AND / OR TRACKING A MONITORING OBJECT
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Überwachungssystem zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung von mindestens einem bewegten Überwachungsobjekt in einem Überwachungsbereich mit einer Mehrzahl von Überwachungssensoren, welche in dem Überwachungsbereich räumlich verteilt und/oder verteilbar sind und welche zur Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts und zur Ausgabe von erfassten Objektinformationen ausgebildet sind, mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung, welche zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjekts durch Vergleich von erfassten Objektinformationen mit einer Objektsignatur des Überwachungsobjekts ausgebildet ist, und mit einer Signaturschleuse mit mindestens zwei Signatursensoren, die zur Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts und zur Ausgabe von Objektsignaturinformationen ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet sind. Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung eines Überwachungsobjektes und ein Computerprogramm.The invention relates to a monitoring system for detecting and / or tracking at least one moving monitoring object in a surveillance area with a plurality of surveillance sensors, which are spatially distributed and / or distributable in the surveillance area and which are designed to detect the surveillance object and to output captured object information , with an evaluation device, which is designed to detect and / or track the monitored object by comparing acquired object information with an object signature of the monitored object, and with a signature lock with at least two signature sensors, which are designed to detect the surveillance object and to output object signature information and / or are arranged. The invention further relates to a method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object and a computer program.
Bei üblichen Videoüberwachungssystemen, wie sie beispielsweise zur Überwachung von öffentlichen bzw. privaten Gebäuden oder Plätzen, Straßen, Kreuzungen, Bahnhöfen etc. eingesetzt werden, werden durch Überwachungskameras Überwachungsbereiche aufgenommen und die Bilddatenströme der Überwachungskameras meist in einer Überwachungszentrale zusammen geführt. Die Auswertung der Bilddatenströme kann durch Überwachungspersonal erfolgen, vielfach wird jedoch auf Bildverarbeitungsalgorithmen zurückgegriffen, um eine automatisierte Auswertung der Bilddatenströme zu ermöglichen. Ein übliches Vorgehen bei der automatisierten Auswertung über Bildverarbeitungsalgorithmen ist es, bewegte Überwachungsobjekte von (im wesentlichen statischen) Szenenhintergrund des Überwachungsbereiches zu trennen, über die Zeit zu verfolgen und zum Beispiel bei relevanten Bewegungen Alarme auszulösen. Es sind auch Überwachungssysteme bekannt, welche andere Sensorsystem anstatt vonIn conventional video surveillance systems, such as those used for monitoring public or private buildings or squares, streets, intersections, railway stations, etc., monitoring areas are recorded by surveillance cameras and the image data streams of the surveillance cameras are usually combined in a monitoring center. The evaluation of the image data streams can be done by monitoring personnel, but often resorted to image processing algorithms to allow an automated evaluation of the image data streams. A common procedure in automated evaluation via image processing algorithms is to separate moving monitoring objects from (essentially static) scene background of the surveillance area, to track over time and, for example, to trigger alarms for relevant movements. Monitoring systems are also known which use other sensor systems instead of
Überwachungskameras einsetzen.Insert surveillance cameras.
Besonders erschwert wird die Verfolgung von Überwachungsobjekten, wenn der Überwachungsbereich sehr weiträumig ist und die Überwachungskameras bzw. anderen Sensoren nur Teilbereiche des Überwachungsbereiches abdecken.The tracking of surveillance objects is particularly difficult if the surveillance area is very extensive and the surveillance cameras or other sensors only cover partial areas of the surveillance area.
Die Druckschrift DE 10 138 763 Al betrifft ein anderes technisches Gebiet, nämlich die Zugangsberechtigung für Personen zu einem Sicherheitsbereich. In dieser Druckschrift wird vorgeschlagen, eine Mehrzahl von Biometriesensoren zu verwenden, um Biometriedaten bereit zu stellen, die dann Zugangsberechtigungen für verschlosseneThe document DE 10 138 763 A1 relates to another technical field, namely the access authorization for persons to a security area. In this document, it is proposed to use a plurality of biometric sensors to provide biometric data, which then have access permissions for locked
Bereiche in dem Sicherheitsbereich definieren.Define areas in the security area.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Überwachungssystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 , ein Verfahren zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung eines Überwachungsobjektes mit den Merkmales des Anspruchs 11 sowie ein Computerprogramm mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 12. Bevorzugte oder vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den beigefügten Figuren.The invention relates to a monitoring system having the features of claim 1, a method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object with the features of claim 11 and a computer program having the features of claim 12. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying figures.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird ein Überwachungssystem vorgeschlagen, welches zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung von mindestens einem bewegten Überwachungsobjekt in einem Überwachungsbereich geeignet und/oder ausgebildet ist. Das bewegte Überwachungsobjekt ist bevorzugt als Person ausgebildet, bei abgewandeltenIn the context of the invention, a monitoring system is proposed, which is suitable and / or designed for detecting and / or tracking at least one moving monitoring object in a monitoring area. The moving monitoring object is preferably designed as a person, in modified
Ausführungsformen kann das bewegte Überwachungsobjekt auch als ein Fahrzeug, ein sich aus eigener Kraft bewegendes Objekt und/oder als ein durch Fremdkraft bewegtes Objekt ausgebildet sein. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, dass das Überwachungssystem zeitgleich mehr als ein Überwachungsobjekt detektiert bzw. verfolgt. Der Überwachungsbereich kann Einzelbereiche unter freiem Himmel und/oder Bereiche in, auf und/oder unter einem Bauwerk, insbesondere Gebäude, umfassen. Die Einzelbereiche können zusammenhängend ausgebildet sein oder bei alternativen Ausführungsformen auch voneinander getrennt angeordnet sein. In einem Gebäude ist es beispielsweise möglich, mehrere Stockwerke des Gebäudes als Überwachungsbereich zu überwachen.Embodiments, the moving monitoring object may also be designed as a vehicle, an object moving on its own power and / or as an object moved by external power. Of course, it is possible that the monitoring system simultaneously detects or tracks more than one monitoring object. The surveillance area may comprise individual open-air areas and / or areas in, on and / or under a building, in particular buildings. The individual areas may be formed integrally or, in alternative embodiments, may also be arranged separately from one another. In a building, for example, it is possible to monitor several floors of the building as a surveillance area.
Das Überwachungssystem weist eine Mehrzahl von Überwachungssensoren auf, welche in dem Überwachungsbereich räumlich verteilt und/oder verteilbar sind. Die Überwachungssensoren können sich mit den Erfassungsbereichen überlappen oder zumindest teilweise überlappungsfrei angeordnet sein.The monitoring system has a plurality of monitoring sensors, which are spatially distributed and / or distributable in the monitoring area. The monitoring sensors may overlap with the detection areas or at least partially arranged without overlapping.
Das Überwachungssystem umfasst eine Signaturschleuse, welche im allgemeinsten Fall als unbegrenzter Schleusenbereich ausgebildet sein kann. Bei anderen Ausführungsformen ist der Schleusenbereich durch konstruktive Maßnahmen begrenzt oder als Schleusenzimmer oder Schleusenvorrichtung ausgebildet. In dem Schleusenbereich ist mindestens ein Signatursensor angeordnet, welcher zur Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts und zur Ausgabe von Objektsignaturinformationen ausgebildet ist. Der Signatursensor kann analog zu einem der Überwachungssensoren ausgebildet sein. Die Sensoren, also die Überwachungs- und/oder Signatursensoren, sind zurThe monitoring system comprises a signature lock, which in the most general case can be designed as an unlimited lock area. In other embodiments, the lock area is limited by design measures or designed as a lock room or lock device. In the lock area, at least one signature sensor is arranged, which is designed to detect the surveillance object and to output object signature information. The signature sensor can be designed analogously to one of the monitoring sensors. The sensors, ie the monitoring and / or signature sensors, are for
Registrierung von verschiedenen Objekt-Eigenschaften des Überwachungsobjektes ausgebildet, die zur Überwachung, Detektion und/oder Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjektes geeignet und/oder einsetzbar sind und als Objektinformationen bzw. Objektsignaturinformationen ausgebbar sind.Register formed by different object properties of the monitored object, which are suitable for monitoring, detection and / or tracking of the monitored object and / or used and can be output as object information or object signature information.
Eine Auswerteeinrichtung, welche einen Teil des Überwachungssystems bildet, ist zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung, insbesondere Identifikation, des Überwachungsobjektes durch Vergleich von Objektinformationen von mindestens einem Überwachungssensor mit einer Objektsignatur des Überwachungsobjektes ausgebildet. Die Objektsignatur ist vorzugsweise als eine Zusammenstellung von Objektsignaturinformationen ausgebildet, welche selektiv und/oder individuell für ein einziges Überwachungsobjekt erstellt wurde.An evaluation device, which forms part of the monitoring system, is designed to detect and / or track, in particular identify, the monitored object by comparing object information from at least one monitoring sensor with an object signature of the monitored object. The object signature is preferably formed as a collection of object signature information that has been selectively and / or individually created for a single monitoring object.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Signaturschleuse mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise mindestens drei und insbesondere mindestens vier oder mehr Signatursensoren, wobei die Signaturschleuse so ausgebildet ist, dass die Objektsignaturinformationen der mindestens - A -According to the invention, the signature lock comprises at least two, preferably at least three, and in particular at least four or more signature sensors, wherein the signature lock is designed such that the object signature information of at least - A -
zwei Signatursensoren dem Überwachungsobjekt eindeutig und/oder unverwechselbar zugeordnet werden können.two signature sensors can be clearly and / or unmistakably assigned to the monitoring object.
Ein Vorteil des Überwachungssystems liegt darin, dass durch die Bildung der Objektsignatur durch die Objektsignaturinformationen aus der Signaturschleuse sichergestellt ist, dass alle Objektsignaturinformationen, die zur Bildung der Objektsignatur beitragen, tatsächlich von einem einzigen Überwachungsobjekt stammen. Vergleicht man das erfindungsgemäße Konzept beispielsweise mit einem Konzept eines kontinuierlichen Aufbaus der Objektsignatur, wobei unkorrelierte Überwachungssensoren an der Bildung der Objektsignatur mitwirken, so besteht stets die Gefahr, dass eineAn advantage of the monitoring system is that the formation of the object signature by the signature signature information from the signature lock ensures that all object signature information that contributes to the formation of the object signature actually originates from a single monitor object. Comparing the inventive concept, for example, with a concept of a continuous structure of the object signature, with uncorrelated monitoring sensors participate in the formation of the object signature, there is always the danger that a
Verwechslung der Überwachungsobjekte stattfindet und fehlerhafte Signaturdaten in die Objektsignatur eingetragen werden. Durch die vollständige oder nahezu vollständige Erfassung von Objektsignaturdaten von einem Überwachungsobjekt zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt an einem bestimmten Ort oder Bereich ist die Erstellung einer robusten Objektsignatur für das Überwachungsobjekt möglich.Confusion of the monitoring objects takes place and incorrect signature data is entered in the object signature. Fully or nearly complete capture of object signature data from a monitoring object at a particular point in time at a particular location or area enables creation of a robust object signature for the monitoring object.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass nach dem Passieren der Signaturschleuse für das Überwachungsobjekt bzw. für jedes nachfolgende Überwachungsobjekt eine vollständige oder zumindest umfassende individuelle Objektsignatur gebildet ist, welche auf Basis der Erfassungen vorzugsweise allerA further advantage of the invention is the fact that after passing through the signature lock for the monitoring object or for each subsequent monitoring object, a complete or at least comprehensive individual object signature is formed, which on the basis of the acquisitions preferably all
Signatursensoren in der Signaturschleuse erzeugt wurde. Bevorzugt ist nämlich vorgesehen, dass die Objektsignatur in der Signaturschleuse vollständig gebildet wird, also, dass die Signaturschleuse alle diejenigen Signatursensoren aufweist, welche die notwendigen Objektsignaturinformationen zur Bildung der Objektsignatur bereit stellen können.Signature sensors in the signature lock was generated. Namely, it is preferably provided that the object signature is completely formed in the signature lock, ie that the signature lock has all those signature sensors which can provide the necessary object signature information for the formation of the object signature.
Bei einer ersten möglichen Konkretisierung der Erfindung sind mindestens zwei Signatursensoren zur räumlich überlappenden und/oder zeitlich überlappenden Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts und/oder zur zeitlich und/oder räumlich korrelierten Erfassung des Überwachungsobjektes ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet sind. Beispielsweise wird das Überwachungsobjekt von allen Seiten mit einer entsprechenden Auswahl von Signatursensoren gleichzeitig oder zeitgleich erfasst. Hierbei können auch mehrere gleichartige Signatursensoren eingesetzt werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn mindestens zwei Überwachungskameras zur gleichzeitigen oder simultanen Erfassung von unterschiedlichen Ansichten des Überwachungsobjektes vorgesehen. Beispielsweise wird ein Vorder- und eine Rückansicht oder eine Seitenansicht und eine Seitenansicht der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Überwachungsobjekts aufgenommen. Insbesondere sind die Signatursensoren zur Aufnahme der Objektsignatur so positioniert, dass sie sich nicht gegenseitig stören.In a first possible concretization of the invention, at least two signature sensors are designed and / or arranged for spatially overlapping and / or chronologically overlapping detection of the monitored object and / or for temporally and / or spatially correlated detection of the monitored object. For example, the monitoring object is detected simultaneously or simultaneously from all sides with a corresponding selection of signature sensors. In this case, several similar signature sensors can be used. It is particularly preferred if at least two surveillance cameras are provided for the simultaneous or simultaneous detection of different views of the surveillance object. For example a front and a rear view or a side view and a side view of the opposite side of the monitoring object is recorded. In particular, the signature sensors for receiving the object signature are positioned so that they do not interfere with each other.
Bei einer anderen möglichen Ausführungsform weist die Signaturschleuse eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung zur Vereinzelung des Überwachungsobjektes auf, wobei die mindestens zwei Signatursensoren in einem Vereinzelungsbereich angeordnet sind, um dort das vereinzelte Überwachungsobjekt zu erfassen. Bei dieser konstruktiven Ausführungsform wird die zeitliche und/oder räumliche Korrelation dadurch erreicht, dass es sichergestellt ist, dass nur ein einzelnes Überwachungsobjekt in einem spezifischen Bereich der Signaturschleuse vorhanden sein kann, so dass alle sensorspezifischen Erfassungen in dem Vereinzelungsbereich zwingend zu dem vereinzelten Überwachungsobjekt gehören müssen.In another possible embodiment, the signature lock has a separating device for separating the monitored object, wherein the at least two signature sensors are arranged in a separating region in order to detect the separated monitoring object there. In this constructive embodiment, the temporal and / or spatial correlation is achieved by ensuring that only a single monitoring object can be present in a specific area of the signature lock, so that all sensor-specific detections in the singulation area must necessarily belong to the isolated monitoring object ,
Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn die Signaturschleuse an einem Eingang des Überwachungsbereichs angeordnet ist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird vorteilhaft erreicht, dass das Überwachungsobjekt bei Betreten oder Eindringen in den Überwachungsbereich vollständig als Objektsignatur erfasst wird, so dass eine Detektion und/oder Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjektes in dem Überwachungsbereich auf Basis der Objektsignatur überall möglich ist. Es ist auch möglich, dass mehrere Signaturschleusen an mehreren Eingängen des Überwachungsbereiches angeordnet sind.It is particularly preferred if the signature lock is arranged at an entrance of the monitoring area. In this embodiment, it is advantageously achieved that the monitoring object is completely detected as an object signature upon entering or entering the surveillance area, so that a detection and / or tracking of the surveillance object in the surveillance area based on the object signature is possible everywhere. It is also possible that a plurality of signature locks are arranged at a plurality of inputs of the surveillance area.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Signaturschleuse mit einer automatisierten Aktivierung zur Erfassung des Überwachungsobjektes ausgebildet. Es ist somit kein Benutzereingriff von zum Beispiel Überwachungspersonal oder dem Überwachungsobjekt selbst notwendig, um die Bildung der Objektsignatur zu starten. Beispielsweise wird die Bildung der Objektsignatur gestartet, sobald sich das Überwachungsobjekt an einer bestimmten Position befindet.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the signature lock is formed with an automated activation for detecting the monitored object. Thus, no user intervention by, for example, monitoring personnel or the monitoring object itself is necessary to start the formation of the object signature. For example, the formation of the object signature is started as soon as the monitoring object is at a certain position.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Signaturschleuse zur manuellen Aktivierung zum Beispiel durch das Überwachungsobjekt oder durch Überwachungspersonal ausgebildet. Es kann beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass das Überwachungsobjekt eine bestimmte Aktion durchführen muss, um die Bildung der Objektsignatur zu starten. Diese Ausführungsform kann sinnvoll sein, wenn zum Beispiel aus Gründen des Datenschutzes zunächst eine Zustimmung des Überwachungsobjektes zur Erzeugung der Objektsignatur eingeholt wird.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the signature lock for manual activation is formed, for example, by the surveillance object or by monitoring personnel. It can be provided, for example, that the monitoring object must perform a specific action in order to start the formation of the object signature. This embodiment may be useful if, for example For reasons of data protection, first an approval of the monitoring object for generating the object signature is obtained.
Optional kann bei allen Ausfuhrungsformen Mittel vorgesehen sein, die ein einen Zugang zu dem Überwachungsbereich erst dann öffnen, wenn die Objektsignatur gebildet ist.Optionally, in all embodiments, means may be provided which open access to the surveillance area only when the object signature is formed.
In einer praxisnahen Ausfuhrung ist es bevorzugt, dass die Signatursensoren und/oder die Überwachungssensoren eine oder mehrere der nachfolgenden Gattungen von Sensoren umfassen:In a practical implementation, it is preferred that the signature sensors and / or the monitoring sensors comprise one or more of the following types of sensors:
- Überwachungskameras, vorzugsweise stationäre oder bewegte (z. B. Pan-Tilt-Zoom- Kameras) Überwachungskameras mit verschiedenen Beobachtungswellenlängen (UV, VIS, NIR, IR) , insbesondere zur Rundumerfassung der Ansicht des Überwachungsobjektes und/oder zur Vermessung der realen Größe oder der Ausmaße des Überwachungsobjekts;- Surveillance cameras, preferably stationary or moving (eg pan-tilt-zoom cameras) surveillance cameras with different observation wavelengths (UV, VIS, NIR, IR), in particular for all-around the view of the monitored object and / or to measure the real size or the dimensions of the surveillance object;
- Geruchssensoren zur Aufnahme einer olifaktorischen Objekteigenschaft;- Odor sensors for receiving an olifaktorischen object property;
- Temperatursensoren zur Aufnahme einer Temperatur des Überwachungsobjektes;- Temperature sensors for receiving a temperature of the monitored object;
- Waage zur Bestimmung des Gewichts des Überwachungsobjektes;- balance for determining the weight of the object to be monitored;
- Akustische Sensoren, z.B. Mikrofone, zur Aufnahme von typischen Geräuschen, wie z.B. Atmung, Herzschlag, Motorgeräusche etc..- Acoustic sensors, e.g. Microphones for recording typical noises, e.g. Breathing, heartbeat, engine noise etc ..
- Sensoren zur Erfassung von elektromagnetischer Strahlung, beispielsweise Terahertzstrahlung; Strahlungsmessung zur Erfassung von Signalen von Computern, Handys, RFID etc.- Sensors for detecting electromagnetic radiation, such as terahertz radiation; Radiation measurement for the acquisition of signals from computers, mobile phones, RFID, etc.
- Ergänzend können durch Sensoren biometrische Daten, wie zum Beispiel- In addition, sensors can use biometric data, such as
Gesichtsanalysen, Fingerabdrücke und/oder kinematische Daten, wie zum Beispiel Bewegungsmuster, erfasst werden. Die Objektinformationen bzw. Objektsignaturinformationen können Merkmale hinsichtlich der Farbe, Textur, Merkmale aus der digitalen Bildverarbeitung, Größe, Gewicht, Strahlungseigenschaft, Temperatur etc. enthalten.Facial analyzes, fingerprints and / or kinematic data, such as movement patterns. The object information or object signature information may include features regarding color, texture, digital image processing features, size, weight, radiation property, temperature, etc.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung des Überwachungssystems ist vorgesehen, dass die Gesamtheit der Signatursensoren alle oder zumindest den Großteil der Gattungen der Überwachungssensoren abdeckt. Auch hier ist die Idee umgesetzt, zunächst alle Signatursensoren für eine vollständige Objektsignatur für alle Arten oder Gattungen der Überwachungssensoren bereit zu stellen, um an anderen Orten in dem Überwachungsbereich diejenigen Überwachungssensoren anzubringen, die die besteIn a particularly preferred embodiment of the monitoring system, it is provided that the entirety of the signature sensors covers all or at least the majority of the types of monitoring sensors. Again, the idea has been implemented to first provide all signature sensors for a complete object signature for all types or types of monitoring sensors for mounting those monitoring sensors at other locations in the surveillance area which are the best
Erkennungsrate für das jeweilige Umfeld liefern.Provide recognition rate for the respective environment.
Signaltechnisch ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass die Überwachungssensoren und/oder die Signatursensoren in einem Sensornetzwerk zum Beispiel in Form eines LSN-Bus (LSN: Lokales Sicherheitsnetzwerk) angeordnet und/oder verschaltet sind. DasIn terms of signaling, it is preferably provided that the monitoring sensors and / or the signature sensors are arranged and / or interconnected in a sensor network, for example in the form of an LSN bus (LSN: Local Security Network). The
Sensornetzwerk erstreckt sich innerhalb des zum Beispiel in Form von Gebäuden und/oder als freies Gelände ausgebildeten Überwachungsbereiches.Sensor network extends within the monitored area formed for example in the form of buildings and / or as open terrain.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung eines Überwachungsobjektes in einem Überwachungsbereich mit denAnother object of the invention relates to a method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object in a surveillance area with the
Merkmalen des Anspruchs 11. Vorzugsweise wird das Verfahren in dem Überwachungssystem nach einem vorhergehende Ansprüche bzw. wie es zuvor beschrieben wurde, umgesetzt. Bei dem Verfahren wird zunächst eine Objektsignatur des Überwachungsobjektes auf Basis von Objektsignaturinformationen von einer Mehrzahl von Signatursensoren vorzugsweise automatisiert gebildet, wobei Mittel vorgesehen sind, so dass die Objektsignaturinformationen eindeutig und/oder unverwechselbar dem Überwachungsobjekt zugeordnet werden können.Features of claim 11. Preferably, the method is implemented in the monitoring system according to a preceding claim or as previously described. In the method, an object signature of the monitoring object based on object signature information is first of all automatically formed by a plurality of signature sensors, wherein means are provided so that the object signature information can be clearly and / or unmistakably assigned to the monitoring object.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand betrifft ein Computerprogramm mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 12.A further subject relates to a computer program having the features of claim 12.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Wirkungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung. Dabei zeigt:Brief description of the drawings Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention. Showing:
Figur 1 eine schematische Blockdarstellung eines Überwachungssystems als ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system as a first embodiment of the invention.
Ausführungsform(en) der ErfindungEmbodiment (s) of the invention
Die Figur 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Blockdarstellung ein Überwachungssystem 1 als ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Das Überwachungssystem 1 ist ausgebildet, in einem Überwachungsbereich 2, welcher schematisch durch Linien 3 begrenzt ist, Überwachungsobjekte 4 in Form von Passanten zu detektieren und/oder zu verfolgen.FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system 1 as an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The monitoring system 1 is designed to detect and / or track surveillance objects 4 in the form of passers-by in a surveillance area 2, which is delimited schematically by lines 3.
In dem Überwachungsbereich 2 sind in einem Gebäude 5 mehrereIn the surveillance area 2 are in a building 5 more
Überwachungssensoren 6 angeordnet, welche verschiedene Teilbereiche 7 in dem Überwachungsbereich 2 bzw. in dem Gebäude 5 überwachen.Monitoring sensors 6 are arranged, which monitor various subregions 7 in the surveillance area 2 and in the building 5, respectively.
In der Figur 1 sind die Teilbereiche 7 so verteilt, dass diese zumindest manchmal überlappungsfrei nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Bei einer Detektion bzw. Verfolgung der Überwachungsobjekte 4 ist nun schwierig, das Überwachungsobjekt 4 bei einem Übergang von einem Teilbereich 7 zum nächsten Teilbereich 7 wieder zu erkennen, um auf eine Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjekts 4 über den gesamten Überwachungsbereich 2 zu ermöglichen. Vielmehr stellt es eine mögliche Fehlerquelle dar, dass das Überwachungsobjekt 4 den einen Teilbereich 7 verlässt und in einem nächsten Teilbereich 7 als neues Überwachungsobjekt 4 in die Verfolgung aufgenommen wird. Eine robuste Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjektes 4 in dem Überwachungsbereich 2 wird durch diese Fehlerquelle erschwert.In the figure 1, the partial regions 7 are distributed so that they are at least sometimes arranged without overlapping side by side. In the case of detection or tracking of the monitoring objects 4, it is now difficult to recognize the monitoring object 4 during a transition from one subarea 7 to the next subarea 7, in order to enable a tracking of the surveillance object 4 over the entire surveillance area 2. Rather, it represents a possible source of error that the monitoring object 4 leaves the one subarea 7 and is included in a next subarea 7 as a new monitoring object 4 in the pursuit. A robust tracking of the monitored object 4 in the monitoring area 2 is made more difficult by this error source.
Um die Detektion, Identifikation bzw. Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjektes 4 zu vereinfachen, weist der Überwachungsbereich 2 in diesem Beispiel vier Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c und d auf, welche in dem Eingangsbereich des Überwachungsbereiches 2 angeordnet sind. Damit ein Überwachungsobjekt 4 den Überwachungsbereich 2 betreten kann, muss es eine der Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c oder d durchqueren. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, dass der Überwachungsbereich 2 mehr oder weniger Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c, d aufweist.In order to simplify the detection, identification or tracking of the monitored object 4, the surveillance area 2 in this example has four signature locks 8a, b, c and d, which are arranged in the entrance area of the surveillance area 2. So that a monitoring object 4 can enter the monitoring area 2, it must be one of the signature locks 8a, b, c or d traverse. Of course, it is possible for the monitoring area 2 to have more or fewer signature locks 8a, b, c, d.
Jede der Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c, d weist in diesem Beispiel vier Signatursensoren 9 auf, welche derart angeordnet und/oder ausgebildet sind, dass von demEach of the signature locks 8a, b, c, d, in this example, has four signature sensors 9, which are arranged and / or designed in such a way that they can be separated from the
Überwachungsobjekt 4 beim Durchqueren der Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c, oder d sensorspezifische Messsignale als Basis für Objektsignaturinformationen aufgenommen werden, welche nachfolgend in einer Auswerteeinrichtung 10 zu einer Objektsignatur zusammengefasst werden. Dabei sind die Signatursensoren 9 derart in den Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c, d angeordnet, dass eine insbesondere räumlich und/oder zeitlich korrelierte Erfassung des Überwachungsobjektes 4 erfolgt. Durch diese Korrelation ist sichergestellt, dass die sensorspezifischen Messsignale mit Sicherheit von ein und demselben Überwachungsobjekt 4 aufgenommen werden. Die aus den sensorspezifischen Messsignalen der Signatursensoren 9 resultierende Objektsignatur zeichnet sich somit dadurch aus, dass diese mit Sicherheit auf Basis von nur einemMonitoring object 4 when crossing the signature locks 8a, b, c, or d sensor-specific measurement signals are recorded as a basis for object signature information, which are summarized below in an evaluation device 10 to an object signature. In this case, the signature sensors 9 are arranged in the signature locks 8a, b, c, d in such a way that a detection of the surveillance object 4, which is in particular spatially and / or temporally correlated, takes place. This correlation ensures that the sensor-specific measurement signals are reliably recorded by one and the same monitoring object 4. The resulting from the sensor-specific measurement signals of the signature sensors 9 object signature is thus characterized by the fact that this certainly based on only one
Überwachungsobjekt 4 gebildet ist.Monitoring object 4 is formed.
Die Auswahl der Signatursensoren 9 ist so getroffen, dass für jede Gattung eines Überwachungssensors 6 oder zumindest für den Großteil aller Gattungen der Überwachungssensoren 6 ein Signatursensor 9 in der gleichen Gattung oder mit einem dazu kompatiblen sensorspezifischen Messsignal ausgestattet ist. In der Figur 1 ist sind die unterschiedlichen Sensorgattungen durch Dreiecke, Vierecke, Fünfecke und Sechsecke visualisiert.The selection of the signature sensors 9 is such that for each type of monitoring sensor 6 or at least for the majority of all types of monitoring sensors 6, a signature sensor 9 is equipped in the same genus or with a sensor-specific measurement signal compatible thereto. In FIG. 1, the different sensory functions are visualized by triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons and hexagons.
Eine Idee des Überwachungssystems 1 ist es, dass für jeden Überwachungssensor 6 in derOne idea of the monitoring system 1 is that for each monitoring sensor 6 in the
Signaturschleuse 8a, b, c, d sensorspezifische Messsignale als Basis für Objektsignaturinformationen aufgenommen werden und als Objektsignatur abgespeichert werden. Dieses Vorgehen hat den Vorteil, dass in dem Überwachungsbereich 2 nur einzelne Überwachungssensoren 6 angeordnet werden müssen, welche z.B. in Bezug auf die aktuelle Umgebung die beste Erkennungsleistung und/oder Umweltverträglichkeit zeigen. Auch kann die Auswahl der Überwachungssensoren 6 auf wirtschaftlichen Überlegungen beruhen. Aufgrund der Vollständigkeit der Objektsignatur ist es pro Teilbereich 7 ausreichend einen Überwachungssensor 6 zu platzieren, um mit dessen sensorspezifischen Messsignalen auf Basis der gespeicherten Objektsignatur das entsprechende Überwachungsobjekt 4 sicher zu identifizieren bzw. wieder zuerkennen und dadurch eine Detektion bzw. Verfolgung zu ermöglichen. Damit wird ein robustes Wiedererkennen von Überwachungsobjekten 4 innerhalb des Überwachungsbereiches 2 erreicht, wobei einmalig im Zugangsbereich des Überwachungsbereiches 2 eine möglichst vollständige und umfassende Sammlung von Informationen über das zu verfolgende Überwachungsobjekt 4 angelegt wird. Als Überwachungssensoren 6 bzw.Signature lock 8a, b, c, d sensor-specific measurement signals are recorded as a basis for object signature information and stored as an object signature. This approach has the advantage that in the monitoring area 2 only individual monitoring sensors 6 must be arranged, which show, for example, in terms of the current environment, the best detection performance and / or environmental compatibility. Also, the selection of the monitoring sensors 6 may be based on economic considerations. Due to the completeness of the object signature, it is sufficient to place a monitoring sensor 6 per subregion 7 in order to reliably identify or recognize the corresponding surveillance object 4 with its sensor-specific measurement signals on the basis of the stored object signature and thereby enable detection or tracking. Thus, a robust recognition of monitoring objects 4 within the surveillance area 2 is achieved, whereby a complete and comprehensive collection of information about the surveillance object 4 to be tracked is created once in the access area of the surveillance area 2. As monitoring sensors 6 and
Signatursensoren 9 können verschiedenste, auch sehr unterschiedliche Sensoren zum Einsatz kommen, wie zum Beispiel Überwachungskameras, welche eine Rundumerfassung der Ansicht des Überwachungsobjektes 4 erlauben und beispielsweise die Vermessung der realen Größe und Ausmaße bzw. des Volumens des Überwachungsobjektes 4 ermöglichen. Als Spezialausführung zu denSignature sensors 9 can be used with a wide variety of sensors, including very different ones, such as surveillance cameras, which allow all-round viewing of the surveillance object 4 and allow, for example, the measurement of the real size and dimensions or the volume of the surveillance object 4. As a special edition to the
Überwachungskameras können auch Infrarot-Kameras, mit einer Wellenlänge oberhalb von 1.000 nm verwendet werden, welche beispielsweise die Temperatur und/oder die Temperaturverteilung des Überwachungsobjektes 4 registrieren können. Auch Geruchssensoren sind möglich, welche einen spezifischen Geruch des Überwachungsobjektes 4 aufnehmen können. Eine Waage zur Aufnahme des Gewichtes des Überwachungsobjektes 4 ist ebenfalls denkbar. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht in der Verwendung eines akustischen Sensors, zum Beispiel eines Mikrofons, welcher typische Geräusche, wie zum Beispiel Atmung, Herzschlag, aber auch Motorgeräusche oder Schrittgeräusche registriert. Weitere Sensoren zur Aufnahme von elektromagnetischen Strahlungen, beispielsweise Terrahertzstrahlungen, befinden sich im Rahmen der Möglichkeiten.Surveillance cameras can also infrared cameras, are used with a wavelength above 1000 nm, which can register, for example, the temperature and / or the temperature distribution of the monitored object 4. Also odor sensors are possible, which can absorb a specific smell of the monitored object 4. A scale for receiving the weight of the monitored object 4 is also conceivable. Another possibility is the use of an acoustic sensor, for example a microphone, which registers typical noises, such as respiration, heartbeat, but also engine noise or step noise. Other sensors for recording electromagnetic radiation, such as Terrahertzstrahlungen, are within the possibilities.
Es ist auch möglich, eine Strahlungsmessung, zur Erfassung zum Beispiel von Computern, Handys, RFID und ähnlichen, zu verwenden, um eine Objektsignatur zu erstellen bzw. das Überwachungsobjekt 4 wieder zu erkennen. Beispielsweise kann auch der Informationsinhalt der Strahlung, also z.B. eine Handy-Kennung oder eine RFID- Identifikationsinformation als Objektsignaturinformation genutzt werden. Diese Rundumerfassung von zeitlich und räumlich korrelierten Informationen über das Überwachungsobjekt 4 bietet den verteilt liegenden Überwachungssensoren 6 die für sie benötigten Daten zur robusten Wiedererkennung des Überwachungsobjektes 4.It is also possible to use a radiation measurement, for example for the detection of computers, mobile phones, RFID and the like, in order to create an object signature or to recognize the monitoring object 4 again. For example, the information content of the radiation, e.g. a cell phone identifier or RFID identification information may be used as the object signature information. This Rundumerfassung of temporally and spatially correlated information on the monitoring object 4 offers the distributed monitoring sensors 6, the data required for them for robust recognition of the monitored object. 4
Die Signatursensoren 9 zur Aufnahme der sensorspezifischen Messsignale zur Bildung der Objektsignatur sind in den Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c, d so angeordnet, dass sie sich nicht gegenseitig stören. Bei den Signaturschleusen 8a und b sind die Signatursensoren 9 so angeordnet, dass das Überwachungsobjekt 4 von allen Seiten zeitgleich erfasst werden kann. Es können auch mehrere gleichartige Signatursensoren 9 gleichzeitig eingesetzt werden, zum Beispiel Überwachungskameras zur gleichzeitigen Erfassung mehrerer oder aller Ansichten des Überwachungsobjektes 4.The signature sensors 9 for receiving the sensor-specific measurement signals for forming the object signature are arranged in the signature locks 8a, b, c, d so that they do not interfere with one another. In the signature locks 8a and b, the signature sensors 9 are arranged so that the monitoring object 4 are detected at the same time from all sides can. It is also possible to use a plurality of similar signature sensors 9 at the same time, for example surveillance cameras for the simultaneous detection of several or all views of the surveillance object 4.
Bei der Signaturschleuse 8c sind die Signatursensoren 9 in einer Reihe nacheinander angeordnet, wobei die Erfassungsbereiche der Signatursensoren überlappend oder nicht überlappend angeordnet sein können. Um die räumliche bzw. zeitliche Korrelation der Sensorsignale der Signatursensoren 9 sicherzustellen, weist die Signaturschleuse 8b eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung 11 auf, welche es ermöglicht, dass ausschließlich ein einzelnes Überwachungsobjekt 4 in die Signaturschleuse 8b eintreten kann.In the signature lock 8c, the signature sensors 9 are arranged in a row one after the other, wherein the detection ranges of the signature sensors can be arranged overlapping or non-overlapping. In order to ensure the spatial or temporal correlation of the sensor signals of the signature sensors 9, the signature lock 8b has a separating device 11, which allows only a single monitoring object 4 to enter the signature lock 8b.
Die Signaturschleuse 8d ist analog zu der Signaturschleuse 8 a oder b aufgebaut, wobei jedoch im Gegensatz zu diesen die Erfassung des Überwachungsobjektes 4 nicht automatisiert erfolgt, sondern durch Betätigung einer Einrichtung 12 durch das Überwachungsobjekt aktiviert wird. Die Einrichtung 12 kann beispielsweise als einThe signature lock 8d is analogous to the signature lock 8 a or b constructed, but in contrast to these, the detection of the monitoring object 4 is not automated, but is activated by operation of a device 12 by the monitoring object. The device 12 may, for example, as a
Computerterminal ausgebildet sein und optional mit einer Schließeinrichtung 13 verbunden sein, die den Zugang in das Gebäude 5 erst dann freigibt, wenn die Objektsignatur gebildet wurde.Computer terminal be formed and optionally be connected to a locking device 13, which releases access to the building 5 only when the object signature was formed.
Die Überwachungssensoren 6 in dem Überwachungsbereich 2 können beispielsweise über eine Sicherheitsnetzwerk LSN 14 miteinander und mit der Auswerteeinrichtung 10 verbunden sein.The monitoring sensors 6 in the monitoring area 2 can be connected to each other and to the evaluation device 10 via a safety network LSN 14, for example.
Das Verfahren zur Durchführung der Detektion, Wiedererkennung bzw. Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjektes wird nachfolgend erläutert: In einem ersten Schritt werden in einer der Signaturschleusen 8a, b, c, d durch die Signatursensoren 9 sensorspezifische Messsignale zur Registrierung von Objekteigenschaften des Überwachungsobjektes 4 aufgenommen und als Objektsignaturinformationen über ein Netzwerk 15, welches ebenso einen Teil des Sicherheitsnetzwerkes 14 bilden kann, an die Auswerteeinrichtung 10 weitergeleitet. In der Auswerteeinrichtung 10 werden die Objektsignaturinformationen in Objektsignaturen 16, beispielsweise in Form Datensätzen, zusammengefasst, wobei jeder Datensatz einem Überwachungsobjekt 4 individualisiert zugeordnet ist. Optional werden die Datensätze durch weitere Informationen einer anderen Datenbank ergänzt. Bei alternativen Ausführungsformen werden die Messsignale der Signatursensoren 9 an die Auswerteeinrichtung 10 übermittelt und erst dort in Objektsignaturinformationen gewandelt.The method for carrying out the detection, recognition or tracking of the monitored object is explained below: In a first step, sensor-specific measuring signals for registering object properties of the monitoring object 4 are recorded in one of the signature locks 8a, b, c, d by the signature sensors 9 and as object signature information via a network 15, which may also form part of the safety network 14, forwarded to the evaluation device 10. In the evaluation device 10, the object signature information is summarized in object signatures 16, for example in the form of data records, wherein each data record is assigned to a monitoring object 4 in an individualized manner. Optionally, the records are supplemented by further information from another database. In alternative embodiments, the measurement signals of the signature sensors 9 on the evaluation device 10 is transmitted and converted there only in object signature information.
Betritt das Überwachungsobjekt 4 den Überwachungsbereich 2, wird es in einem weiteren Schritt von einem beliebigen der Überwachungssensoren 6 registriert. Die sensorspezifischen Messsignale des Überwachungssensors 6 werden über das Sicherheitsnetzwerk 14 an die Auswerteeinrichtung 10 weitergeleitet und in originaler oder nachbearbeiteter Form als Objektinformationen in einem Vergleichsmodul 17 mit den auf Basis der sensorspezifischen Messsignale der Signatursensoren 9 erstellten Objektsignatur 16 verglichen. Bei einer Übereinstimmung oder ausreichenderIf the monitoring object 4 enters the monitoring area 2, it is registered by any of the monitoring sensors 6 in a further step. The sensor-specific measurement signals of the monitoring sensor 6 are forwarded via the safety network 14 to the evaluation device 10 and compared in the original or post-processed form as object information in a comparison module 17 with the object signature 16 created on the basis of the sensor-specific measurement signals of the signature sensors 9. At a match or sufficient
Ähnlichkeit wird dem Überwachungsobjekt 4 die Identität des zu dem Datensatz 16 gehörigen Überwachungsobjekt 4 zugeordnet.Similarity is assigned to the monitoring object 4, the identity of belonging to the record 16 monitoring object 4.
Geht das Überwachungsobjekt 4 von einem ersten der Teilbereiche 7 in einen zweiten Teilbereich 7, so wird die Prozedur mit dem im nächsten Teilbereich 7 angeordnetenIf the monitored object 4 moves from a first of the partial areas 7 into a second partial area 7, the procedure is arranged with that in the next partial area 7
Überwachungssensor 6 wiederholt. Die Gesamtheit der Positionen bzw. weiteren Sensordaten eines über die Objektsignatur 16 zugeordneten Überwachungsobjektes 4 wird gesammelt und kann dann ausgewertet werden, um das Überwachungsobjekt 4 in dem Überwachungsbereich 2 zu detektieren, zu identifizieren bzw. zu verfolgen. Monitoring sensor 6 repeated. The entirety of the positions or further sensor data of a monitoring object 4 assigned via the object signature 16 is collected and can then be evaluated in order to detect, identify or track the monitoring object 4 in the monitoring area 2.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Überwachungssystem (1) zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung von mindestens einem bewegten Überwachungsobjekt (4) in einem Überwachungsbereich (2)1. Monitoring system (1) for detecting and / or tracking at least one moving monitoring object (4) in a monitoring area (2)
mit einer Mehrzahl von Überwachungssensoren (6), welche in demwith a plurality of monitoring sensors (6), which in the
Überwachungsbereich (2) räumlich verteilt und/oder verteilbar sind und welche zur Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) und zur Ausgabe von erfassten Objektinformationen ausgebildet sind,Surveillance area (2) spatially distributed and / or distributed and which are designed to detect the monitoring object (4) and to output detected object information,
mit einer Signaturschleuse (8a, b, c, d) mit mindestens einem Signatursensor (9), der zurwith a signature lock (8a, b, c, d) with at least one signature sensor (9) connected to the
Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) und zur Ausgabe von Objektsignaturinformationen ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet ist,Detection of the monitoring object (4) and designed to output object signature information and / or arranged,
mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung (10), welche zur Bildung und/oder Ergänzung einer Objektsignatur (16) des Überwachungsobjekts (4) auf Basis derwith an evaluation device (10) which is used to form and / or supplement an object signature (16) of the surveillance object (4) on the basis of
Objektsignaturinformationen und zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) durch Vergleich von erfassten Objektinformationen mit der Objektsignatur (16) des Überwachungsobjekts (4) ausgebildet ist,Object signature information and for detection and / or tracking of the monitoring object (4) by comparing detected object information with the object signature (16) of the monitoring object (4) is formed,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
die Signaturschleuse (8a, b, c, d) mindestens zwei Signatursensoren (9) aufweist und derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Objektsignaturinformationen der mindestens zwei Signatursensoren (9) dem Überwachungsobjekt eindeutig und/oder unverwechselbar zugeordnet werden können und/oder zuordbar sind.the signature lock (8a, b, c, d) has at least two signature sensors (9) and is designed such that the object signature information of the at least two signature sensors (9) can be clearly and / or unmistakably assigned to the monitoring object and / or can be assigned.
2. Überwachungssystem (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteeinrichtung (10) ausgebildet ist, die Objektsignatur (16) ausschließlich auf Basis der durch die Signatursensoren (10) erfassten Objektinformationen zu bilden. 2. Monitoring system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaluation device (10) is designed to form the object signature (16) exclusively on the basis of the by the signature sensors (10) detected object information.
3. Überwachungssystem (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens zwei Signatursensoren (9) zur räumlich überlappenden und/oder zeitlich überlappenden Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) angeordnet und/oder ausgebildet sind.3. Monitoring system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least two signature sensors (9) for spatially overlapping and / or temporally overlapping detection of the monitored object (4) are arranged and / or formed.
4. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signaturschleuse (8a, b, c, d) zur Vereinzelung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) ausgebildet ist, wobei die mindestens zwei Signatursensoren (9) in einem Vereinzelungsbereich zur Erfassung des vereinzelten Überwachungsobjekts angeordnet sind.4. monitoring system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signature lock (8a, b, c, d) for separating the monitoring object (4) is formed, wherein the at least two signature sensors (9) in a separating region for detecting of the isolated surveillance object are arranged.
5. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signaturschleuse (8a, b, c, d) an einem Eingang des Überwachungsbereichs (2) angeordnet ist.5. Monitoring system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signature lock (8a, b, c, d) at an input of the monitoring area (2) is arranged.
6. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signaturschleuse (8a, b, c, d) zur automatisierten Aktivierung der Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) ausgebildet ist.6. monitoring system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signature lock (8a, b, c, d) for automated activation of the detection of the monitored object (4) is formed.
7. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signaturschleuse (8a, b, c, d) zur manuellen Aktivierung der Erfassung des Überwachungsobjekts (4) ausgebildet ist.7. monitoring system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signature lock (8a, b, c, d) for manual activation of the detection of the monitored object (4) is formed.
8. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signatursensoren (9) und/oder die Überwachungssensoren (6) aus eine oder mehrere der nachfolgenden Gattungen von Sensoren gebildet sind:8. Monitoring system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signature sensors (9) and / or the monitoring sensors (6) are formed from one or more of the following types of sensors:
- Überwachungskameras;- surveillance cameras;
- Geruchssensoren; - Temperatursensoren;- odor sensors; - temperature sensors;
- Waage;- Libra;
- Akustische Sensoren;- Acoustic sensors;
- Sensoren zur Erfassung von elektromagnetischer Strahlung;- Sensors for detecting electromagnetic radiation;
- Sensoren zur Erfassung von biometrischen Daten. - Sensors for the acquisition of biometric data.
9. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtheit der Signatursensoren (9) alle oder den Großteil der Gattungen der Überwachungssensoren (6) abdeckt.9. monitoring system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entirety of the signature sensors (9) covering all or most of the genera of the monitoring sensors (6).
10. Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Überwachungssensoren (6) und/oder die Signatursensoren (9) in einem Sensornetzwerk (14,15) angeordnet sind.10. Monitoring system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitoring sensors (6) and / or the signature sensors (9) in a sensor network (14,15) are arranged.
11. Verfahren zur Detektion und/oder Verfolgung eines Überwachungsobjekts (4) in einem Überwachungsbereich (2), vorzugsweise in dem Überwachungssystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Objektsignatur des Überwachungsobjekts (4) auf Basis von Objektsignaturinformationen einer Mehrzahl von Signatursensoren gebildet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Objektsignaturinformationen dem Überwachungsobjekt eindeutig und/oder unverwechselbar zugeordnet werden können.11. A method for detecting and / or tracking a surveillance object in a surveillance area, preferably in the surveillance system according to claim 1, wherein an object signature of the surveillance object based on object signature information of a plurality of signature sensors is formed, characterized in that the object signature information to the monitoring object can be uniquely and / or unmistakably assigned.
12. Computerprogramm mit Programmcode-Mitteln, um alle Schritte des12. Computer program with program code means to complete all the steps of
Verfahrens nach Anspruch 11 durchzuführen, wenn das Programm auf einem Computer und/oder einer Vorrichtung (1) von jedem Beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 ausgeführt wird. A method according to claim 11, when the program is executed on a computer and / or device (1) of any one of claims 1 to 10.
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