EP2315930B1 - Pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine with an improved delivery valve - Google Patents
Pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine with an improved delivery valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2315930B1 EP2315930B1 EP09753752A EP09753752A EP2315930B1 EP 2315930 B1 EP2315930 B1 EP 2315930B1 EP 09753752 A EP09753752 A EP 09753752A EP 09753752 A EP09753752 A EP 09753752A EP 2315930 B1 EP2315930 B1 EP 2315930B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shut
- seat
- spring
- opening
- pump according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
- F02M59/46—Valves
- F02M59/462—Delivery valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pump comprising an improved delivery valve, and preferably to a high-pressure pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine.
- a high-pressure pump is generally used in a fuel injection system which comprises a low-pressure branch, a pre-feed pump which draws the fuel from a tank and conveys it to a high-pressure pump via the low-pressure branch and a high-pressure branch which connects a delivery of the high-pressure pump to a group of injectors via an accumulator, commonly called a "common rail".
- the high-pressure pump comprises a plurality of pumping cylinders operated by a driving shaft via a lobed body or via a cam.
- the pumping cylinders slide in a reciprocating manner inside respective compression chambers, each of which is connected in flow terms to an intake valve and a delivery or high-pressure valve.
- the high-pressure or delivery valve is a non-return valve.
- a high-pressure valve comprises a ball shut-off member biased by means of a coil spring against a conical seat. Upstream the conical seat is connected in flow to the compression chamber and downstream the high-pressure valve is connected in flow to the common rail.
- the fuel flow which passes through the high-pressure valve exerts a complex hydrodynamic action on the shut-off member which results in wear and a delay in the dynamic response.
- the hydraulic forces acting on the shut-off member are such as to generate a torque which causes the shut-off member to rotate about the axis of the spring and thus produces both friction of the latter against the spring and a delay in the closing action.
- a pump for a fuel injection system comprising a seat connected in flow terms to the delivery of a compression chamber and having an axis, an outlet duct for connecting the said seat to a plurality of Injectors, a shut-off member housed inside the said seat, a spring for biasing the said shut-off member against a first contact surface of the said seat in a closed position.
- Said spring being arranged downstream of the said shut-off member, wherein a first through-opening in the axial direction, arranged downstream of said shut-off member, is present inside the said seat and wherein it comprises fuel flow deviation means arranged inside the said seat upstream of the said outlet duct and configured so that the speed of the fuel flow is greater between the said shut-off member and the said opening than upstream of the said shut-off member.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a feed pump for a fuel injection circuit which does not have the abovementioned drawbacks.
- a pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine comprising a seat connected in flow terms to the delivery of a compression chamber, an outlet duct for connecting the seat to a plurality of injectors, a shut-off member housed inside the seat, a spring for biasing the shut-off member against a first contact surface of the seat in a closed position, the seat being provided with a first through-opening in the axial direction, arranged downstream of the shut-off member, and fuel flow deviation means being provided upstream of the outlet duct and configured so that the speed of the fuel flow is greater between the shut-off member and the opening than upstream of the shut-off member.
- the fuel flow deviation means are configured so as to direct the flow towards the opening so that the speed of the fuel increases immediately downstream of the shut-off member and a negative pressure is therefore created. This negative pressure pushes the shut-off member against the spring and reduces rotation of the shut-off member. Moreover, when the fluid tends to change direction during the intake phase of the pumping member, the pressure is localized along the axis of the spring and is applied effectively to the shut-off member so as to favour a closing action.
- 1 denotes generically the head of a reciprocating fuel feed pump.
- the head defines a compression chamber 2 housing a pumping member 3 and a delivery valve 4 connected to the delivery of the chamber 2.
- the delivery valve 4 is a non-return valve.
- the compression chamber 2 has an axis A and is closed axially by a threaded member 5 screwed into the head 1.
- the valve 4 is connected to the delivery of the compression chamber 2 via a duct 6 having an axis B perpendicular to the axis A.
- the duct 6 emerges inside a seat 7 of the valve 4 defined by a cylindrical wall 8 coaxial with the duct 6 and by a frustoconical contact surface 9 axially arranged between the duct 6 and the cylindrical wall 8.
- the seat 7 is also connected to a duct 10 having an axis C parallel to the axis A and connected to the injectors preferably via a common rail, both not shown.
- the valve 4 comprises a ball shut-off member 11 designed to cooperate selectively with the contact surface 9; a coil spring 12 for keeping the shut-off member 11 pressed against the contact surface 9 in a closed position; and a closing member 13 for pre-stressing the spring 12.
- the closing member 13 is connected rigidly to the head 1 preferably by means of a threaded connection and comprises, for example in the form of a single body, a closing head-piece 14 screwed into the head 1 in a fluid-type manner and a cylindrical body 15 housed inside the seat 7.
- the cylindrical body 5 defines preferably a radial through-hole 16 coaxial during use with the axis C and an axial cavity 17 communicating with the hole 16 via an opening 18 and open towards the contact wall 9.
- the axial cavity 17 houses the spring 12 and is cylindrical with an internal diameter smaller than that of the shut-off member 11.
- the opening 18 is situated on the opposite side to the shut-off member 11 relative to the spring 12 and is situated in an axial position lying between the axis C and the cavity 17.
- the cylindrical body 15 Towards the contact wall 9, the cylindrical body 15 comprises an annular end portion 19 which defines a flaring 20 and at least one radial through-goove 21.
- the spring 12 is housed inside the axial cavity 17 so as to be coaxial with the axis B and the shut-off member 11 makes contact with the contact surface 9 when the valve 4 is closed.
- the valve 4 opens when the shut-off member 11 separates from the contact surface 9 and is able to reach the fully open condition when the shut-off member 11 makes contact with the flaring 20.
- the cylindrical body 15 is mounted with radial play of its diameter inside the seat 7 so that the hydraulic resistance defined by the aperture 22 between the cylindrical bod 15 and the cylindrical wall 8 is greater than that defined by the groove 21, the coils of the spring 12, the opening 18 and the hole 16.
- the diameter of the duct 6 and the dimensions of the groove 21 are such as to ensure that the speed of the fuel inside the cavity 17 is greater than that inside the duct 6.
- the flow of fuel pumped by the member 3 opens the shut-off member 11 when the pressure upstream of the valve 4 is greater than the sum of the pressure downstream of the shut-off member and the equivalent, in terms of pressure, of the pre-stressing force of the spring 12.
- shut-off member 11 makes contact against the flaring 20 and most of the flow is directed along a path which leads from the groove 21 to the hole 16 through the coils of the spring 12 and the opening 18 since the hydraulic resistance of this path is less than that defined by the aperture 22 between the annular end portion 19 and the duct 10.
- the speed of rotation of the shut-off member 11 about the axis B is so high that the shut-off member continues to rotate even when the pumping member 3 reverses its movement and starts the intake phase, preventing closure of the valve also - in the worst of cases - for the entire duration of the intake phase.
- the number of grooves 21 may be more than one, for example up to five, so as to ensure that the speed of the fuel flow inside the cavity 17 is greater than that inside the duct 6.
- the aperture 22 may also be completely closed in the case where the part 15 engages precisely with the cylindrical surface 8 of the seat 7. In this case, the hydraulic resistance is practically infinite and the entire flow of fuel which passes through the valve 4 flows through the coils of the spring 12 and the opening 18.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a pump comprising an improved delivery valve, and preferably to a high-pressure pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine.
- A high-pressure pump is generally used in a fuel injection system which comprises a low-pressure branch, a pre-feed pump which draws the fuel from a tank and conveys it to a high-pressure pump via the low-pressure branch and a high-pressure branch which connects a delivery of the high-pressure pump to a group of injectors via an accumulator, commonly called a "common rail".
- The high-pressure pump comprises a plurality of pumping cylinders operated by a driving shaft via a lobed body or via a cam. The pumping cylinders slide in a reciprocating manner inside respective compression chambers, each of which is connected in flow terms to an intake valve and a delivery or high-pressure valve. Generally the high-pressure or delivery valve is a non-return valve.
- A high-pressure valve comprises a ball shut-off member biased by means of a coil spring against a conical seat. Upstream the conical seat is connected in flow to the compression chamber and downstream the high-pressure valve is connected in flow to the common rail.
- The fuel flow which passes through the high-pressure valve exerts a complex hydrodynamic action on the shut-off member which results in wear and a delay in the dynamic response.
- In particular, owing to both the high operating speeds of the pump and the high flow rates, the hydraulic forces acting on the shut-off member are such as to generate a torque which causes the shut-off member to rotate about the axis of the spring and thus produces both friction of the latter against the spring and a delay in the closing action.
- From the document
GB-C-513 349 - The object of the present invention is to provide a feed pump for a fuel injection circuit which does not have the abovementioned drawbacks.
- According to the invention, this object is achieved by a pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a seat connected in flow terms to the delivery of a compression chamber, an outlet duct for connecting the seat to a plurality of injectors, a shut-off member housed inside the seat, a spring for biasing the shut-off member against a first contact surface of the seat in a closed position, the seat being provided with a first through-opening in the axial direction, arranged downstream of the shut-off member, and fuel flow deviation means being provided upstream of the outlet duct and configured so that the speed of the fuel flow is greater between the shut-off member and the opening than upstream of the shut-off member.
- The fuel flow deviation means are configured so as to direct the flow towards the opening so that the speed of the fuel increases immediately downstream of the shut-off member and a negative pressure is therefore created. This negative pressure pushes the shut-off member against the spring and reduces rotation of the shut-off member. Moreover, when the fluid tends to change direction during the intake phase of the pumping member, the pressure is localized along the axis of the spring and is applied effectively to the shut-off member so as to favour a closing action.
- Further details, characteristic features and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the following, description of a non-limiting example of embodiment provided with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
Figure 1 is a partially cross-sectioned view of the head of a feed pump according to the present invention; and -
Figure 2 is a prospective view of a component according toFigure 1 . - In
Figure 1, 1 denotes generically the head of a reciprocating fuel feed pump. The head defines acompression chamber 2 housing apumping member 3 and adelivery valve 4 connected to the delivery of thechamber 2. Thedelivery valve 4 is a non-return valve. - The
compression chamber 2 has an axis A and is closed axially by a threadedmember 5 screwed into the head 1. Thevalve 4 is connected to the delivery of thecompression chamber 2 via aduct 6 having an axis B perpendicular to the axis A. - The
duct 6 emerges inside aseat 7 of thevalve 4 defined by acylindrical wall 8 coaxial with theduct 6 and by afrustoconical contact surface 9 axially arranged between theduct 6 and thecylindrical wall 8. Theseat 7 is also connected to aduct 10 having an axis C parallel to the axis A and connected to the injectors preferably via a common rail, both not shown. - According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the
valve 4 comprises a ball shut-offmember 11 designed to cooperate selectively with thecontact surface 9; acoil spring 12 for keeping the shut-offmember 11 pressed against thecontact surface 9 in a closed position; and aclosing member 13 for pre-stressing thespring 12. - The
closing member 13 is connected rigidly to the head 1 preferably by means of a threaded connection and comprises, for example in the form of a single body, a closing head-piece 14 screwed into the head 1 in a fluid-type manner and acylindrical body 15 housed inside theseat 7. - The
cylindrical body 5 defines preferably a radial through-hole 16 coaxial during use with the axis C and anaxial cavity 17 communicating with thehole 16 via anopening 18 and open towards thecontact wall 9. Theaxial cavity 17 houses thespring 12 and is cylindrical with an internal diameter smaller than that of the shut-offmember 11. - The
opening 18 is situated on the opposite side to the shut-offmember 11 relative to thespring 12 and is situated in an axial position lying between the axis C and thecavity 17. - Towards the
contact wall 9, thecylindrical body 15 comprises anannular end portion 19 which defines aflaring 20 and at least one radial through-goove 21. - The
spring 12 is housed inside theaxial cavity 17 so as to be coaxial with the axis B and the shut-offmember 11 makes contact with thecontact surface 9 when thevalve 4 is closed. Thevalve 4 opens when the shut-offmember 11 separates from thecontact surface 9 and is able to reach the fully open condition when the shut-offmember 11 makes contact with theflaring 20. - Moreover, according to the present invention, the
cylindrical body 15 is mounted with radial play of its diameter inside theseat 7 so that the hydraulic resistance defined by theaperture 22 between thecylindrical bod 15 and thecylindrical wall 8 is greater than that defined by thegroove 21, the coils of thespring 12, theopening 18 and thehole 16. - Moreover, the diameter of the
duct 6 and the dimensions of thegroove 21 are such as to ensure that the speed of the fuel inside thecavity 17 is greater than that inside theduct 6. - During use, the flow of fuel pumped by the
member 3 opens the shut-offmember 11 when the pressure upstream of thevalve 4 is greater than the sum of the pressure downstream of the shut-off member and the equivalent, in terms of pressure, of the pre-stressing force of thespring 12. - When the
valve 4 is open, in the fully open condition, the shut-offmember 11 makes contact against theflaring 20 and most of the flow is directed along a path which leads from thegroove 21 to thehole 16 through the coils of thespring 12 and theopening 18 since the hydraulic resistance of this path is less than that defined by theaperture 22 between theannular end portion 19 and theduct 10. - In this way the fuel flow generates a negative pressure inside the
cavity 17 and the shut-offmember 11 is pressed with an additional force against theflaring 20. Consequently, the frictional force increases and the rotational movement of the shut-off member decreases when thevalve 4 is open. - When the pumping
member 3 retracts in order to start the intake phase, the sum of the pressure downstream of thevalve 4 and the equivalent pressure of thespring 12 is greater than the pressure inside thecompression chamber 2. The response time of the shut-offmember 11 decreases and the pressure signal present inside theduct 10 is transmitted effectively to the shut-offmember 11 via the through-hole 16 and the opening 18. - From that described with reference to the accompanying figures the operating principle and advantages of the pump according to the present invention clearly emerge.
- It has been established that the reduction in the rotational movement of the shut-off
member 11 during the opening phase ofvalve 4 reduces the delay in the dynamic response of the saidvalve 4 and also the wear of the shut-offmember 11. - In fact, in particular operating conditions, the speed of rotation of the shut-off
member 11 about the axis B is so high that the shut-off member continues to rotate even when thepumping member 3 reverses its movement and starts the intake phase, preventing closure of the valve also - in the worst of cases - for the entire duration of the intake phase. - The reduction in the rotational movement of the shut-off
member 11 is obtained by means of a particular deviation of the fuel flow inside thecavity 17. This deviation of the flow requires machining of theclosing member 13 which is not expensive and does not affect other components and the assembly procedure. In this way, the general configuration of the pump remains unvaried and the costs associated with modification of the apparatus and the assembly cycles are avoided. - Finally, it is clear that the fuel pump described and illustrated here may be subject to modifications and variations without thereby departing from the protective scope of the present invention, as defined in the accompanying claims.
- In particular, the number of
grooves 21 may be more than one, for example up to five, so as to ensure that the speed of the fuel flow inside thecavity 17 is greater than that inside theduct 6. - The
aperture 22 may also be completely closed in the case where thepart 15 engages precisely with thecylindrical surface 8 of theseat 7. In this case, the hydraulic resistance is practically infinite and the entire flow of fuel which passes through thevalve 4 flows through the coils of thespring 12 and theopening 18.
Claims (11)
- Pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a seat (7) connected in flow terms to the delivery of a compression chamber (2) and having an axis (B), an outlet duct (10) for connecting the said seat (7) to a plurality of injectors, a shut-off member (11) housed inside the said seat (7), a spring (12) for biasing the said shut-off member (11) against a first contact surface (9) of the said seat (7) in a closed position, said spring (12) being arranged downstream of the said shut-off member (11), wherein a first through-opening (18) in the axial direction, arranged downstream of said shut-off member (11), is present inside the said seat (7) and wherein it comprises fuel flow deviation means (21, 22) arranged inside the said seat (7) upstream of the said outlet duct (10) and configured so that the speed of the fuel flow is greater between the said shut-off member (11) and the said opening (18) than upstream of the said shut-off member (11), characterized in that the said fuel flow deviation means comprise a first hydraulic resistance (22) downstream of the said shut-off member (11), connected in series with the said outlet duct (10), and a second hydraulic resistance (21) downstream of the said shut-off member (11), arranged in series both with the said opening (18) and with the said outlet duct (10), the value of the said first hydraulic resistance (22) being greater than that of the said second hydraulic resistance (21).
- Pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that a second contact surface (20) is present inside the said seat (7) for delimiting the axial travel of the said shut-off member (11) in the direction which increases the stress of the said spring (12) and in that the said second hydraulic resistance (21) is defined by the said second contact surface (20).
- Pump according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a hollow body (15) mounted inside the said seat (7) and defining a cavity (17) for housing the said spring (12) and the said second hydraulic resistance (21).
- Pump according to Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the said hollow body (15) comprises an end portion (19) defining the said second contact surface (20).
- Pump according to Claim 4, characterized in that the said second hydraulic resistance (21) comprises at least one second opening (21) defined by the said end portion (19).
- Pump according to any one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized In that the said first hydraulic resistance (22) is defined between the said hollow body (15) and a side wall (8) of the said seat (7).
- Pump according to any one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the said hollow body (15) is mounted with radial play inside the said seat (7) and is removable.
- Pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said spring (12) is arranged between the said shut-off member (12) and the said opening (18).
- Pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said opening (18) has a diameter smaller than the maximum dimension of the said shut-off member (12).
- Pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said spring (12) is of the coil type and in that the said fuel flow deviation means (21, 22) are configured so that most of the fuel flow which flows towards the said seat (7) passes through the coils of the said spring (12).
- Pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said outlet duct (10) is transverse with respect to the said seat (7) and in that the said opening (18) is axially arranged between the said shut-off member (11) and the said outlet duct (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI20081008 ITMI20081008A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2008-05-30 | PUMP FOR A FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM WITH A PERFORMED DELIVERY VALVE |
PCT/EP2009/054639 WO2009144097A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-04-20 | Pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine with an improved delivery valve |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2315930A1 EP2315930A1 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
EP2315930B1 true EP2315930B1 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
Family
ID=40302854
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09753752A Not-in-force EP2315930B1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-04-20 | Pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine with an improved delivery valve |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2315930B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI20081008A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009144097A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9078446B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-07-14 | Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh | Use of N-(tetrazol-4-yl)- or N-(triazol-3-yl)arylcarboxamides or their salts for controlling unwanted plants in areas of transgenic crop plants being tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides |
KR20140024328A (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2014-02-28 | 바이엘 인텔렉쳐 프로퍼티 게엠베하 | Use of n-(1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzamides for controlling unwanted plants in areas of transgenic crop plants being tolerant to hppd inhibitor herbicides |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB513349A (en) * | 1938-07-25 | 1939-10-10 | Bryce Ltd | Improvements relating to fuel injection pumps |
JP4237560B2 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2009-03-11 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | Fluid pressure control valve |
DE102004027825A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-09-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | High-pressure pump, especially for fuel injection device for internal combustion engine, has smallest throughflow cross-section region downstream of sealing surface when valve element in open position |
DE102005061886A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-07-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | High pressure pump for fuel injection device in internal combustion engine having valve which when open releases first, then second through-flow cross sections in flow direction and lastly third cross-section larger than preceding two |
EP1813845A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-01 | Centro Studi Componenti per Veicoli S.P.A. | High-pressure pump for feeding fuel to an internal combustion engine |
-
2008
- 2008-05-30 IT ITMI20081008 patent/ITMI20081008A1/en unknown
-
2009
- 2009-04-20 EP EP09753752A patent/EP2315930B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-04-20 WO PCT/EP2009/054639 patent/WO2009144097A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009144097A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
EP2315930A1 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
ITMI20081008A1 (en) | 2009-11-30 |
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