EP2313281B2 - Method for producing a printed surface on a flat workpiece - Google Patents
Method for producing a printed surface on a flat workpiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2313281B2 EP2313281B2 EP10741967.3A EP10741967A EP2313281B2 EP 2313281 B2 EP2313281 B2 EP 2313281B2 EP 10741967 A EP10741967 A EP 10741967A EP 2313281 B2 EP2313281 B2 EP 2313281B2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- printing
- droplets
- aforementioned
- carried out
- workpiece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002347 wear-protection layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007774 anilox coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000218680 Pinus banksiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
- B41M5/0047—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper by ink-jet printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
- B41J11/0015—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
- B41J11/0015—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing
- B41J11/002—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating
- B41J11/0021—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating using irradiation
- B41J11/00214—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating using irradiation using UV radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
- B41M5/0076—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on wooden surfaces, leather, linoleum, skin, or flowers
Definitions
- a decorative coating e.g. a print of a reproduced wood structure or a stone tile motif
- the flat workpieces are e.g. Wood-based panels, e.g. MDF boards (medium-density fibreboard), HDF boards (high-density fibreboard) or chipboard, the surface of which must be coated with a decorative coating for use as furniture parts, kitchen fronts or floors (e.g. laminate flooring).
- both a plate-shaped material e.g. a chipboard, other wood fiber board or cement fiber board or the like
- a workpiece in the form of rolled or web goods e.g. a veneer roll.
- a flat workpiece is thus understood as a workpiece that is to be printed essentially in two dimensions.
- the state of the art reveals two problem areas:
- the decorative printing is either carried out by so-called indirect gravure printing machines, in which the printing ink is transferred from an engraved gravure roller via a rubber roller connected to compensate for tolerances in the workpiece and then remains on the workpiece surface.
- This has the disadvantage of a lack of flexibility, since a change in the decoration (decoration image) inevitably leads to a change in the engraving roller and / or the printing ink.
- the method according to the invention is intended to solve the problem of enabling an industrial method of production of decoratively printed, flat workpieces, in particular wood-based panels, solid wood panels or veneer, in which a very natural appearance is made possible by a high resolution of the printed image with industrial production capacities at the same time.
- a capacity of> 500 m 2 / h, particularly preferably> 1000 m 2 / h should be achieved.
- a flat workpiece consisting essentially of wood or wood components is coated by applying at least one liquid base layer, which is then coated is partially or completely dried.
- digital inkjet printing in a run on the pretreated flat workpiece, with inkjet printing heads emitting droplets with a variable droplet size, and the smallest droplet size is ⁇ 20 pl and the small droplets differ from the larger droplets by at least a factor of two.
- the veneer to be printed is available on rolls with typical lengths of 50 to 100 m.
- the sheet goods are usually available with dimensions of 80-3,000 mm in width and 100-6,000 mm in length, particularly preferably 100-1,400 mm in width and 300-3,000 mm in length.
- the sheet thicknesses usually coated are 1.5 to 50 mm, particularly preferably 3-20 mm.
- Figure 1 shows a cross section through a decoratively coated flat workpiece. It shows a wood-based panel, for example chipboard or MDF board 10, which is coated with a veneer 11, ie the veneer is glued to the wood-based panel. This is followed by one or more base layers applied in liquid form, which function as ink-receiving layers 12, which are then printed with a layer of printing ink 13 by means of the method according to the invention.
- a wear protection layer 14 can then be applied. In an alternative embodiment, this wear protection layer can also be omitted.
- the wood-based panel or another type of panel e.g. a cement fiber board or other fiber board
- no veneer layer 11 is glued on, but the one or more color receiving layers 12 are applied directly to the plate 10.
- Figure 2 Here is a cross-section through a veneer, which is unrolled from the roll and coated. It shows the veneer from the roll 21, the one or more color receiving layers 22, applied thereon the digital printing ink 23 and a possible wear protection layer 24 applied in an alternative method according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 In this Figure 3 the inventive method is shown with the process steps. It shows a development for a roll-shaped or web-shaped workpiece 31. This is followed by a first coating station for applying a liquid coating 32 as a base layer, as well as a drying station 33, for example for UV drying of UV-curing acrylates. The stations 32 and 33 can also be used several times connected in series for a layer structure with several layers.
- the station 34 shows a digital printer for the passage of the web-shaped or sheet-shaped workpiece.
- the station 34 comprises four print bars 35, each of which prints a color, for example cyan, magenta, yellow and black. Alternatively, a smaller or larger number of pressure bars 35 can also be used.
- a predrying station 36 is alternatively arranged behind each pressure bar 35, which in an alternative embodiment can also be omitted.
- Figure 4 In an alternative embodiment for printing on roll or web material, the process is divided into two steps. In a first step, the material is unwound from the roll in a station 41. It is then coated in station 42 and dried in station 43. Here, too, the stations 42 and 43 can be connected in series several times. The material that is then rewound is unwound again in a second method step and printed in station 44. Here again four pressure bars 45 are provided. The possible intermediate drying behind the individual pressure bars as in Figure 3 is not indicated here, but can also be present. With 47 a drying station and with 48 a subsequent winding station of the web-shaped or roll-shaped material is designated.
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary printed flat workpiece 51, which in this case has been printed with a wood replica.
- the workpiece 51 comprises a few long wood pores or wood grains 52.
- An indicated cutout 54 contains a knothole 53.
- This section 54 is shown enlarged next to it at 55. It can be seen here how the knot hole is shown printed from different droplets 56 and 57 from the inkjet printer.
- the droplet size of the droplets 56 and 57 can be different by a factor of 2 to 10 for the design of the print image. It can be seen that with large and small droplets a correspondingly good visual resolution and thus a lifelike replica of the knot can be achieved without having to print over the image several times.
- print images can be produced with high resolution and print quality.
- Figure 6 shows an additional coating station for a so-called screened coating, which in the method according to the invention in the sequence shown in Figure 3 can be inserted.
- a new drying such as 33.
- This station applies a screened coating to the surface of the flat workpiece 64.
- This structure can take place, for example, in such a way that, after coating, individual small “hills” and “valleys” are formed on the surface of the flat workpiece 64, which are uniformly spaced from one another and are microscopically fine.
- Such an anilox roller 61 is shown as known from the gravure printing process, as well as a template 62 with a liquid coating medium, e.g. lacquer, and a preferably rubberized transfer roller 62, which applies the liquid medium, which has been screened into small droplets by the anilox roller 61 and placed on the rubberized transfer roller 62 the flat workpiece 64 to be coated transfers.
- a liquid coating medium e.g. lacquer
- the result is a grid-like application of individual, spaced-apart coating points, as shown in a cutout 66, on the surface of the workpiece 64.
- Figure 7 shows a device for the coating of a plate-shaped, flat workpiece.
- a coating station 71 with a liquid medium is arranged in front of a drying station 72 and a digital printing station 73 with individual pressure bars 74. Furthermore, intermediate drying devices can also be provided between the individual pressure bars 74. Finally, the printing ink is dried in a station 75.
- a wear protection layer possible in an alternative embodiment, can be applied as a liquid medium, which is then dried in a station 77.
- the flat workpiece as rolled goods or sheet goods is first coated with a liquid ink-receiving layer in order to ensure the best possible subsequent printing.
- a station as in FIG Figure 6 are interposed, for example after the drying station 72, in order to produce a correspondingly screened surface on the ink-receiving layer for a better printing result before printing.
- a very important improvement in the state of the art by the method according to the invention is made by applying the base layer, which has a surface that allows significantly smaller droplet sizes (in particular ⁇ 20 ⁇ l) to be used. Furthermore, the running of the individual droplets and the different colors into one another in the ink printing process is prevented. This is a prerequisite for reproducing very fine structures and thus drawing a higher quality and more real-looking image on the veneer or on the white / monochrome surface of the workpiece (e.g. chipboard) than with the previous state of the art, with a high capacity at the same time the one-time printing in the run.
- the base layer which has a surface that allows significantly smaller droplet sizes (in particular ⁇ 20 ⁇ l) to be used. Furthermore, the running of the individual droplets and the different colors into one another in the ink printing process is prevented. This is a prerequisite for reproducing very fine structures and thus drawing a higher quality and more real-looking image on the veneer or on the white / monochrome surface of the workpiece (e.g.
- the flat workpiece in this example a wood-based panel, e.g. a chipboard, provided with a liquid coating.
- This liquid coating can already be the surface to be printed (ink receiving layer).
- several liquid coatings with complete or partial intermediate drying can also be selected, e.g. to remove existing pores or depressions in the workpiece, e.g. the chipboard, close.
- the top and last applied liquid layer is also the color receiving layer.
- the flat workpiece can also be one with a colored, e.g. wood-based panel with a white or otherwise unicoloured melamine coating, e.g. Chipboard.
- a colored, e.g. wood-based panel with a white or otherwise unicoloured melamine coating e.g. Chipboard.
- the wood-based panel (chipboard, MDF board, etc.) has been coated on one or both sides with a plain-colored decorative paper, which has been impregnated with a melamine resin, in a heating press (e.g. short-cycle press or continuous double belt press) so that the Melamine resin is cured and polymerized.
- the liquid coating has a primer (adhesion promoter) or consists of a primer that mediates the adhesion between the digital printing ink and the cured melamine layer underneath.
- the cured melamine layer can also be sanded in order to then be provided with the aforementioned liquid coating.
- a fine grid of the same or alternatively a different liquid medium can be applied to the existing ink-receiving layer as the last layer as in FIG Figure 6 shown.
- This microscopic grid can have a distance of less than 0.01 mm between the individual grid points.
- the spacing between the grid points is between 0.01 mm and 0.25 mm.
- the flat workpiece then passes through the printing station 34 as roll or web material or - as in our example - the chipboard as sheet material.
- the printing station consists of printing bars for the respective color, i.e. four printing bars for four-color printing, for example.
- Each individual print bar consists of a large number of print heads that are lined up in such a way that they print the corresponding print image across the width of the workpiece can submit.
- an intermediate drying device 36 can also be arranged between the individual pressure beams 35. If the printing ink used is, for example, a UV-curing printing ink, this intermediate drying 36 can be formed from UV lamps.
- the pressure on the flat workpiece takes place in such a way that the print heads are arranged upright and the flat workpiece is transported away under the print heads.
- the print image is applied in one pass over the entire width of the flat workpiece. At no point on the workpiece are printed more than once on top of each other.
- the print heads in the pressure bar (35) are designed in such a way that they can form different droplet sizes, in particular also small droplet sizes of less than 20 pl per droplet.
- the number of different droplet sizes (“gray levels”) is up to 15 different gray levels, in a particularly preferred form it is 3-8 different gray levels.
- the image printed in one pass which is in Figure 5 is shown again, is visually appealing and, due to the different droplet sizes, represents a high visual resolution and thus a very realistic representation of the wood decor or stone decor or other decorative surface.
- a wear protection layer can then be applied to the decoratively printed surface, which is also applied in a liquid state and then dried.
- additions that make the surface properties positive can be added to this liquid wear protection layer.
- These admixtures can be, for example, corundum (AlO 2 ) to increase the abrasion resistance or chemical nanoparticles that improve the scratch resistance of a liquid applied paint.
- the liquid applied medium before printing can be a UV-curing acrylate, which is printed with UV printing inks likewise produced on an acrylate basis in the inkjet process.
- other liquid media and digital inks that adhere to them can also be used for the printing machine used.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Finished Plywoods (AREA)
Description
Es gibt bereits seit längerer Zeit verschiedene Verfahren, um flächige Werkstücke dekorativ zu beschichten. Dabei kann eine dekorative Beschichtung, z.B. ein Druck einer nachgebildeten Holzstruktur oder auch ein Steinfliesenmotiv sein, die flächigen Werkstücke sind z.B. Holzwerkstoffplatten, z.B. MDf-Platten (mitteldichte Faserplatten), HDF-Platten (hochdichte Faserplatten) oder Spanplatten, die in ihrer Oberfläche für die Nutzung als Möbelteile, Küchenfronten oder Fußboden (z.B. Laminatfußboden) dekorativ beschichtet werden müssen.For a long time, there have been various methods of decoratively coating flat workpieces. A decorative coating, e.g. a print of a reproduced wood structure or a stone tile motif, the flat workpieces are e.g. Wood-based panels, e.g. MDF boards (medium-density fibreboard), HDF boards (high-density fibreboard) or chipboard, the surface of which must be coated with a decorative coating for use as furniture parts, kitchen fronts or floors (e.g. laminate flooring).
Auch sind in der Vergangenheit verschiedene Versuche gestartet worden, ein günstiges Holz mit wenig sichtbarer Struktur, z.B. Kiefernholz, durch farbliches Bedrucken in seiner optischen Anmutung so zu verändern, dass es einem teureren und z.B. stärker gemaserten Holzart ähnlich sieht. Dies gilt sowohl für den Druck auf Massivholzplatten als auch für den Druck auf Furniere bzw. furnierte Platten, z.B. mit Furnier beschichtete Holzwerkstoffplatten.Various attempts have also been made in the past to find an inexpensive wood with a less visible structure, e.g. Pine wood, can be changed in its visual appearance by color printing so that it is a more expensive and e.g. looks similar to a more grainy type of wood. This applies both to printing on solid wood panels and to printing on veneers or veneered panels, e.g. Wood-based panels coated with veneer.
Als flächiges Werkstück im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung wird dabei sowohl ein plattenförmiger Werkstoff, z.B. eine Spanplatte, sonstige Holzfaserplatte oder auch Zementfaserplatte oder ähnliches verstanden, als auch ein in Form von Rollen- oder Bahnware vorliegendes Werkstück, z.B. eine Furnierrolle. Ein flächiges Werkstück wird somit als ein im wesentlichen zweidimensional zu bedruckendes Werkstück verstanden.As a flat workpiece in the sense of the present invention, both a plate-shaped material, e.g. a chipboard, other wood fiber board or cement fiber board or the like, as well as a workpiece in the form of rolled or web goods, e.g. a veneer roll. A flat workpiece is thus understood as a workpiece that is to be printed essentially in two dimensions.
Der Stand der Technik offenbart dabei zwei Problemkreise: Der dekorative Druck wird entweder von sogenannten indirekten Tiefdruckmaschinen ausgeführt, bei denen die Druckfarbe von einer gravierten Tiefdruckwalze über eine zum Ausgleichen von Toleranzen im Werkstück zwischengeschaltete Gummiwalze übertragen wird und dann auf der Werkstückoberfläche verbleibt. Dies hat den Nachteil mangelnder Flexibilität, da ein Wechsel des Dekors (Dekorbildes) zwangsweise zu einem Wechsel der Gravurwalze und/oder der Druckfarbe führt.The state of the art reveals two problem areas: The decorative printing is either carried out by so-called indirect gravure printing machines, in which the printing ink is transferred from an engraved gravure roller via a rubber roller connected to compensate for tolerances in the workpiece and then remains on the workpiece surface. This has the disadvantage of a lack of flexibility, since a change in the decoration (decoration image) inevitably leads to a change in the engraving roller and / or the printing ink.
Alternativ wird bereits die digitale Tintenstrahltechnologie eingesetzt, die allerdings bei dem direkten Drucken auf die Werkstückoberfläche mit relativ großen Tropfen (üblicherweise > 40 pl Tröpfchenvolumen) dazu führt, dass feine Strukturen nicht nachgebildet werden können. Außerdem wird die Farbe der großvolumigen Tröpfchen im Falle von offenporigem Holz von diesen aufgenommen und verläuft in Richtung der Holzmaserung. Eine solche digitale Druckvorrichtung ist in der
Dadurch ist die Auswahl der zu druckenden Holzdekore oder Holzanmutungen auf die Furnier- oder Holzoberfläche stark eingeschränkt.As a result, the choice of wood decors or wood looks to be printed on the veneer or wood surface is severely limited.
Auch bei dem Digitaldruck auf vorbehandelte weißgrundierte Flächen stellt sich nach dem heutigen Stand der Technik das große Tröpfchenvolumen im Tintenstrahldruck als Problem dar. Um eine gute Auflösung und damit ein natürlich wirkendes Druckbild zu erhalten, muß die Fläche mehrfach jeweils um eine halbe Tröpfchengröße oder weniger versetzt bedruckt werden. Dies geschieht nach dem Stand der Technik mit einem sich bewegenden Druckkopf, der über das stehende zu bedruckende Medium mehrfach hin- und herbewegt wird und dadurch Bilder aufeinanderdruckt. Alternativ wird bei einem einfachen Druck über die Fläche mit großen Tröpfchenvolumen die schlechte Qualität zum Teil bewusst in kauf genommen.Even with digital printing on pretreated white-primed surfaces, the large droplet volume in inkjet printing is a problem according to the current state of the art. In order to obtain good resolution and thus a natural-looking printed image, the surface must be offset several times by half a droplet size or less be printed. According to the state of the art, this is done with a moving print head which is moved back and forth several times over the stationary medium to be printed and thereby prints images on top of one another. Alternatively, with a simple print over the area with a large droplet volume, the poor quality is sometimes consciously accepted.
Vor diesem Hintergrund soll das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren die Aufgabenstellung lösen, eine industrielle Produktionsweise von dekorativ bedruckten, flächigen Werkstücken, insbesondere HolzwerkstofFplatten, Massivholzplatten oder Furnier, zu ermöglichen, bei dem ein sehr naturgetreues Aussehen durch eine hohe Auflösung des Druckbildes bei gleichzeitig industriellen Produktionskapazitäten ermöglicht wird. Dabei soll gleichzeitig statt der heute mit Tintenstrahltechnologie mit größerem Tröpfchenvolumen üblichen geringen Kapazitäten von 40-80 m2/h eine Kapazität von > 500 m2/h, besonders bevorzugt > 1000 m2/h erreicht werden.Against this background, the method according to the invention is intended to solve the problem of enabling an industrial method of production of decoratively printed, flat workpieces, in particular wood-based panels, solid wood panels or veneer, in which a very natural appearance is made possible by a high resolution of the printed image with industrial production capacities at the same time. At the same time, instead of the low capacities of 40-80 m 2 / h customary today with inkjet technology with a larger droplet volume, a capacity of> 500 m 2 / h, particularly preferably> 1000 m 2 / h, should be achieved.
Zusätzlich soll im Falle der Bedruckung eines Furnieres, welches industriell häufig als Rollenware geliefert wird, eine industrielle Weiterverarbeitung ohne das Risiko von Rissbildung im Furnier möglich sein.In addition, in the case of printing on a veneer, which is frequently supplied industrially as roll goods, further industrial processing should be possible without the risk of cracking in the veneer.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabenstellung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nach Anspruch 1. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Herstellen einer dekorativ bedruckten Oberfläche auf einem flächigen Werkstück wird zunächst ein flächiges, im wesentlichen aus Holz oder Holzbestandteilen bestehendes Werkstück durch Auftrag von mindestens einer flüssigen Grundschicht beschichtet, die dann teilweise oder vollständig getrocknet wird. Anschließend erfolgt ein digitales Tintenstrahldrucken im Durchlauf auf das vorbehandelte flächige Werkstück, wobei beim Tintenstrahldrucken Tintenstrahldruckköpfe Tröpfchen mit einer variablen Tröpfchengröße ausgeben werden, und die kleinste Tröpfchengröße < 20 pl ist und die kleinen Tröpfchen von den größeren Tröpfchen sich um mindestens den Faktor zwei unterscheiden.This object is achieved with the method according to the invention according to claim 1. In the method according to the invention for producing a decoratively printed surface on a flat workpiece, a flat workpiece consisting essentially of wood or wood components is coated by applying at least one liquid base layer, which is then coated is partially or completely dried. This is followed by digital inkjet printing in a run on the pretreated flat workpiece, with inkjet printing heads emitting droplets with a variable droplet size, and the smallest droplet size is <20 pl and the small droplets differ from the larger droplets by at least a factor of two.
Dadurch erfolgt eine effektive Beschichtung des Werkstückes mit hoher Kapazität und hoher Qualität. Die Bedruckung des Werkstücks auf der Grundschicht mit unterschiedlich großen Tröpfchen ermöglicht eine sehr hohe Auflösung eines Bildes, so dass optisch ansprechende Produkte erhalten werden. Zudem kann bei Bedarf auch eine vollflächige Beschichtung durch große Tröpfchen bereitgestellt werden. Dies erhöht den möglichen Einsatzbereich der Druckvorrichtung. Ferner kann die Tröpfchengröße auch in Abhängigkeit von der gewählten Grundschicht gewählt werden, so dass bei einem saugfähigem Untergrund größere Tröpfchen eingesetzt werden als bei einem nicht saugfähigem Untergrund.This results in an effective coating of the workpiece with high capacity and high quality. Printing the workpiece on the base layer with droplets of different sizes enables a very high resolution of an image, so that optically appealing products are obtained. In addition, if necessary, a full-area coating can also be provided using large droplets. This increases the possible range of use of the printing device. Furthermore, the droplet size can also be selected as a function of the selected base layer, so that larger droplets are used with an absorbent base than with a non-absorbent base.
Dabei steht das zu bedruckende Furnier als Rollenware mit typischen Längen von 50 bis 100 m zur Verfügung. Die Plattenware steht üblicherweise mit Abmessungen von 80-3.000 mm Breite und 100-6.000 mm Länge, besonders bevorzugt 100-1.400 mm Breite und 300-3.000 mm Länge, zur Verfügung. Die üblicherweise beschichteten Plattenstärken liegen bei 1,5 bis 50 mm, besonders bevorzugt 3-20 mm Stärke.The veneer to be printed is available on rolls with typical lengths of 50 to 100 m. The sheet goods are usually available with dimensions of 80-3,000 mm in width and 100-6,000 mm in length, particularly preferably 100-1,400 mm in width and 300-3,000 mm in length. The sheet thicknesses usually coated are 1.5 to 50 mm, particularly preferably 3-20 mm.
Im folgenden werden die anliegenden
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist auf die Holzwerkstoffplatte oder eine anders geartete Platte, z.B. eine Zementfaserplatte oder sonstige Faserplatte keine Furnierschicht 11 aufgeklebt, sondern die eine oder mehrere Farbempfangsschichten 12 sind direkt auf die Platte 10 aufgetragen.In an alternative embodiment, the wood-based panel or another type of panel, e.g. a cement fiber board or other fiber board, no
Abschließend erfolgt eine vollständige Trocknung/Aushärtung in einer Station 37 sowie die anschließende Wiederaufwicklung des bahnförmigen Materials 38.Finally, there is complete drying / hardening in a
Dieser Ausschnitt 54 ist daneben vergrößert dargestellt bei 55. Hier ist erkennbar, wie das Astloch gedruckt aus unterschiedlichen Tröpfchen 56 und 57 aus dem Tintenstrahldrucker dargestellt ist. Beispielhaft sind zwei Tröpfchen 56 für ein großes Tröpfchenvolumen von z.B. mehr als 40 pl sowie ein kleines Tröpfchen 57 für z.B. weniger als 20 pl dargestellt. Die Tröpfchengröße der Tröpfchen 56 und 57 kann für die Gestaltung des Druckbildes um den Faktor 2 bis 10 verschieden sein. Es lässt sich erkennen, dass mit großen und kleinen Tröpfchen eine entsprechend gute visuelle Auflösung und damit naturgetreue Nachbildung des Astloches erreicht werden kann, ohne dass mehrfach über das Bild hinüber gedruckt werden muß. Zudem lassen sich Druckbilder mit hoher Auflösung und Druckqualität herstellen.This
Diese Station trägt eine gerasterte Beschichtung auf die Oberfläche des flächigen Werkstückes 64 auf. Das bedeutet, dass das flächige Werkstück 64 nicht gleichmäßig mit einer flüssigen Beschichtung beaufschlag wird, sondern über eine Rasterwalze ähnlich wie im Tiefdruckverfahren eine wiederkehrende strukturierte Beschichtung erfolgt. Diese Struktur kann z.B. dergestalt erfolgen, dass sich auf der Oberfläche des flächigen Werkstückes 64 nach der Beschichtung einzelne kleine "Hügel" sowie "Täler" bilden, die einen gleichmäßigen Abstand zueinander haben und mikroskopisch fein sind. In
Als Ergebnis ergibt sich auf der Oberfläche des Werkstückes 64 ein rasterförmiger Auftrag einzelner beabstandeter Beschichtungspunkte, wie er in einem Ausschnitt 66 dargestellt.The result is a grid-like application of individual, spaced-apart coating points, as shown in a
In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird das flächige Werkstück als Rollenware oder als Blattware zunächst mit einer flüssigen Farbempfangsschicht beschichtet, um eine bestmögliche anschließende Bedruckung zu gewährleisten.In the method according to the invention, the flat workpiece as rolled goods or sheet goods is first coated with a liquid ink-receiving layer in order to ensure the best possible subsequent printing.
In alternativen Ausführungsformen kann auch hier eine Station wie in
Eine sehr wichtige Verbesserung des Standes der Technik durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erfolgt durch den Auftrag der Grundschicht, die eine Oberfläche besitzt, dass dadurch wesentlich kleinere Tröpfchengrößen (insbesondere < 20 pl) verwendet werden können. Ferner wird das Verlaufen der einzelnen Tröpfchen und der verschiedenen Farben ineinander im Tintendruckverfahren verhindert. Dies ist Voraussetzung dafür, um sehr feine Strukturen nachzubilden und damit ein qualitativ hochwertigeres und echter wirkendes Bild auf dem Furnier oder auf der weißen/einfarbigen Fläche des Werkstückes (z.B. Spanplatte) zu zeichnen als nach dem bisherigen Stand der Technik, bei gleichzeitig hoher Kapazität durch das einmalige Bedrucken im Durchlauf.A very important improvement in the state of the art by the method according to the invention is made by applying the base layer, which has a surface that allows significantly smaller droplet sizes (in particular <20 μl) to be used. Furthermore, the running of the individual droplets and the different colors into one another in the ink printing process is prevented. This is a prerequisite for reproducing very fine structures and thus drawing a higher quality and more real-looking image on the veneer or on the white / monochrome surface of the workpiece (e.g. chipboard) than with the previous state of the art, with a high capacity at the same time the one-time printing in the run.
Im folgenden soll noch einmal umfassend eine beispielhafte Ausführungsform des Verfahrens der vorliegenden Erfindung erläutert werden. Zunächst wird das flächige Werkstück, in diesem Beispielsfall eine Holzwerkstoffplatte, z.B. eine Spanplatte, mit einer flüssigen Beschichtung versehen. Diese flüssige Beschichtung kann bereits die zu bedruckende Oberfläche sein (Farbempfangsschicht). In einer alternativen Ausführungsform können auch mehrere flüssige Beschichtungen mit vollständiger oder teilweiser Zwischentrocknung gewählt werden, z.B. um vorhandene Poren oder Vertiefungen in dem Werkstück, z.B. der Spanplatte, zu schließen. Die oberste und zuletzt aufgetragene flüssige Schicht ist in diesem Fall gleichzeitig die Farbempfangsschicht.An exemplary embodiment of the method of the present invention is to be explained again comprehensively below. First, the flat workpiece, in this example a wood-based panel, e.g. a chipboard, provided with a liquid coating. This liquid coating can already be the surface to be printed (ink receiving layer). In an alternative embodiment, several liquid coatings with complete or partial intermediate drying can also be selected, e.g. to remove existing pores or depressions in the workpiece, e.g. the chipboard, close. In this case, the top and last applied liquid layer is also the color receiving layer.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann das flächige Werkstück auch eine mit einer farbigen, z.B. weißen oder anders unifarbigen Melaminbeschichtung versehene Holzwerkstoffplatte, z.B. Spanplatte, sein. In diesem Fall ist die Holzwerkstoffplatte (Spanplatte, MDF-Platte o.ä.) ein- oder beidseitig mit einem unifarbenen Dekorpapier, welches mit einem Melaminharz imprägniert worden ist, in einer Heizpresse (z.B. Kurztaktpresse oder kontinuierlicher Doppelbandpresse) beschichtet worden, so dass das Melaminharz ausgehärtet und auspolymerisiert ist.In an alternative embodiment, the flat workpiece can also be one with a colored, e.g. wood-based panel with a white or otherwise unicoloured melamine coating, e.g. Chipboard. In this case, the wood-based panel (chipboard, MDF board, etc.) has been coated on one or both sides with a plain-colored decorative paper, which has been impregnated with a melamine resin, in a heating press (e.g. short-cycle press or continuous double belt press) so that the Melamine resin is cured and polymerized.
Diese so vorbereitete Holzwerkstoffplatte wird dann mit einer flüssigen Beschichtung versehen. In diesem Fall weist die flüssige Beschichtung einen Primer (Haftvermittler)auf oder besteht aus einem Primer, der die Haftung zwischen der Digitaldruckfarbe und der darunterliegenden ausgehärteten Melaminschicht vermittelt. Alternativ kann die ausgehärtete Melaminschicht auch angeschliffen werden, um dann mit der genannten flüssigen Beschichtung versehen zu werden.This wood-based panel prepared in this way is then provided with a liquid coating. In this case, the liquid coating has a primer (adhesion promoter) or consists of a primer that mediates the adhesion between the digital printing ink and the cured melamine layer underneath. Alternatively, the cured melamine layer can also be sanded in order to then be provided with the aforementioned liquid coating.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann als letzte Schicht auf die bestehende Farbempfangsschicht ein feines Raster aus einem gleichen, alternativ aus einem anderen flüssigen Medium aufgetragen werden wie in
Anschließend durchläuft das flächige Werkstück als Rollen- oder Bahnware oder - wie in unserem Beispielfall - die Spanplatte als Plattenware die Druckstation 34. Die Druckstation besteht aus Druckbalken für die jeweilige Farbe, also beispielsweise bei einem Vierfarbendruck aus vier Druckbalken. Jeder einzelne Druckbalken besteht aus einer Vielzahl von Druckköpfen, die so aneinandergereiht sind, dass sie lückenlos über die Breite des Werkstückes das entsprechende Druckbild abgeben können. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann zwischen den einzelnen Druckbalken 35 noch eine Zwischentrocknung 36 angeordnet sein. Wenn die verwendete Druckfarbe beispielsweise eine UV-aushärtende Druckfarbe ist, kann diese Zwischentrocknung 36 aus UV-Strahlern ausgebildet sein.The flat workpiece then passes through the
Der Druck auf das flächige Werkstück erfolgt dergestalt, dass die Druckköpfe stehend angeordnet sind und das flächige Werkstück unter den Druckköpfen hinweg transportiert wird. Dabei wird über die gesamte Breite des flächigen Werkstücks das Druckbild in einem Durchgang aufgetragen. An keiner Stelle des Werkstücks wird also mehrfach übereinander gedruckt. Die Druckköpfe in den Druckbalken (35) sind derartig ausgeprägt, dass sie unterschiedliche Tröpfchengrößen ausbilden können, insbesondere auch kleine Tröpfchengrößen von weniger als 20 pl pro Tröpfchen. Die Anzahl der verschiedenen Tröpfchengrößen ("Graustufen") liegt bei bis zu 15 verschiedenen Graustufen, in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausprägungsform bei 3-8 verschiedenen Graustufen. Das so in einem Durchlauf bedruckte Bild, welches in
Anschließend kann auf die so dekorativ bedruckte Oberfläche noch eine Verschleißschutzschicht aufgebracht werden, die ebenfalls in einem flüssigen Zustand aufgetragen und anschließend getrocknet wird. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform können dieser flüssigen Verschleißschutzschicht noch Beimengungen, die die Oberflächeneigenschaften positiv gestalten, zugegeben werden. Diese Beimengungen können z.B. Korund (AlO2) zur Erhöhung der Abriebsfestigkeit sein oder auch chemische Nanopartikel, die die Kratzfestigkeit eines flüssig aufgetragenen Lackes verbessern. In einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform kann das flüssig aufgetragene Medium vor dem Druck (Farbempfangsschicht) ein UV-aushärtendes Acrylat sein, welches mit ebenfalls auf Acrylatbasis hergestellten UV-Druckfarben im Tintenstrahlverfahren bedruckt wird. Selbstverständlich können auch andere flüssige Medien und entsprechend darauf haftende digitale Tinten für die verwendete Druckmaschine eingesetzt werden.A wear protection layer can then be applied to the decoratively printed surface, which is also applied in a liquid state and then dried. In an alternative embodiment, additions that make the surface properties positive can be added to this liquid wear protection layer. These admixtures can be, for example, corundum (AlO 2 ) to increase the abrasion resistance or chemical nanoparticles that improve the scratch resistance of a liquid applied paint. In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid applied medium before printing (ink receiving layer) can be a UV-curing acrylate, which is printed with UV printing inks likewise produced on an acrylate basis in the inkjet process. Of course, other liquid media and digital inks that adhere to them can also be used for the printing machine used.
Claims (12)
- Method for producing a decoratively printed surface on a flat workpiece, comprising the following steps:- Pre-treating a flat workpiece, substantially composed of wood or wood components, by applying at least one liquid base layer (12, 22);- partly or completely drying the at least one liquid base layer (12, 22) applied;- digital inkjet printing onto the pre-treated flat workpiece in a continuous pass, during the inkjet printing inkjet print heads discharging droplets with a variable droplet size and the workpiece being printed with droplets of different size, the smallest droplet size being < 20 pl and the small droplets differing from the larger droplets by at least the factor two, wherein- the printing is carried out with UV curing printing ink, and- the at least one liquid base layer (11, 12) is applied as a colour receiving layer in the form of a UV curing acrylate varnish, and the following drying is carried out by UV radiation curing.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat workpiece is a wooden board already previously coated with a cured melamine film, and the base layer (12, 22) applied as a liquid is an adhesion promoter between the melamine and the following printing ink for the inkjet printing.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flat workpiece consists of a wooden board coated with an impregnated melamine film and cured in a hot press and which, before the following liquid coating, is sanded in a sanding machine, the last sanding being carried out with a grain size of 180 or finer, particularly preferably with a grain size of 220 or finer.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that, following the application of one or more liquid base layers (12, 22), a screened application is carried out with a liquid medium with a spacing of the screen dots between 0.001 and 0.25 mm, in particular between 0.01 and 0.1 mm.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that after the digital printing, a further coating is carried out with one or more wear resistant layers.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the workpiece coated is a veneer, and, following the drying of the colour receiving layer, the veneer remains flexible in such a way that it can be used as an edge material that can be laminated on for furniture and floors.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that during the printing, the volume of the individual digitally printed droplets lies in a range from at least 15 pl to 30 pl, in particular at least 10 pl to 40 pl.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the volume of the smallest droplets used during the printing is less than 20 pl.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the printing is carried out with a plurality of colours, preferably with four colours.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the printing ink is cured following the printing of all the colours used.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that, following the printing of at least one of the colours used, intermediate drying is carried out and printing with a further colour is then carried out.
- Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the printed droplets are printed at a distance from one another and, as a result, do not flow into one another but remain microscopically visible as droplets as a result of rapid drying.
Priority Applications (1)
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PL10741967T PL2313281T5 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2010-08-11 | Method for producing a printed surface on a flat workpiece |
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DE102009043812.2A DE102009043812B4 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2009-08-19 | Process for producing a printed surface on a flat workpiece |
PCT/EP2010/061691 WO2011020755A1 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2010-08-11 | Method and device for producing a printed surface on a flat workpiece |
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EP2313281A1 EP2313281A1 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
EP2313281B1 EP2313281B1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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DE (1) | DE102009043812B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2391166T5 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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PL3517297T3 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2022-01-10 | Ceraloc Innovation Ab | Method for producing a laminated product |
US10369837B2 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2019-08-06 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Method for forming a decorative design on an element of a wood-based material |
RU2619095C2 (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2017-05-11 | Велинге Инновейшн Аб | Method of forming decorative pattern on wood element |
EP2861432B1 (en) | 2012-06-13 | 2018-08-22 | Kronoplus Technical AG | Method for printing panels |
US9409382B2 (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2016-08-09 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Method of producing a building panel |
PL2774770T3 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2015-10-30 | Flooring Technologies Ltd | Method for printing a wood fibre panel and wood fibre panel with a printed decorative layer |
UA121105C2 (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2020-04-10 | Сералок Інновейшн Аб | Method of forming a decorative wear resistant layer |
CN106414100B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2020-11-13 | 塞拉洛克创新股份有限公司 | Digital printing on plate surfaces using water-based inks |
CN105960332B (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2018-05-11 | 塞拉洛克创新股份有限公司 | The method of press figure image and the water-based ink for the digital printing in substrate in the substrate being attached on plate |
EP3006645A1 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-04-13 | Ed. Heckewerth Nachf. GmbH & Co. KG | Panel |
US11186997B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2021-11-30 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Method for forming a décor on a substrate |
EP4303021A3 (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2024-03-13 | Hymmen GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Method and device for producing a structured surface |
AU2019333292B2 (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2023-11-23 | Interface, Inc. | Digital printing for flooring and decorative structures |
DE102019206431A1 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-05 | Hymmen GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Method for producing a structure on a surface |
DE102022103652A1 (en) | 2022-02-16 | 2023-08-17 | Van Der Vlis Design Gmbh | Three-dimensional structured decorative element |
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JPH09323434A (en) † | 1996-04-02 | 1997-12-16 | Toray Ind Inc | Printer for building material and manufacture of printed building material |
EP1728639A2 (en) † | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-06 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus for dual drop size printing |
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EP0372097A1 (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1990-06-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement for producing varying size ink droplets in an ink jet printer |
WO2002042087A2 (en) | 2000-11-13 | 2002-05-30 | Imaging Alternatives, Inc. | Wood surface inkjet receptor medium and method of making and using same |
ITMI20061227A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-12-27 | Dante Frati | PROCEDURE FOR PRINTING SURFACES OF FLAT BASE ELEMENTS |
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2009
- 2009-08-19 DE DE102009043812.2A patent/DE102009043812B4/en not_active Revoked
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2010
- 2010-08-11 EP EP10741967.3A patent/EP2313281B2/en active Active
- 2010-08-11 PL PL10741967T patent/PL2313281T5/en unknown
- 2010-08-11 ES ES10741967T patent/ES2391166T5/en active Active
- 2010-08-11 WO PCT/EP2010/061691 patent/WO2011020755A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH09323434A (en) † | 1996-04-02 | 1997-12-16 | Toray Ind Inc | Printer for building material and manufacture of printed building material |
EP1728639A2 (en) † | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-06 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus for dual drop size printing |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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Prospekt "Xaar 1001", Xaar 1001 SS D051124301 PA6 v2 † |
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DE102009043812B4 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
WO2011020755A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
ES2391166T3 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
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PL2313281T3 (en) | 2012-12-31 |
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