EP2306125A1 - Heat pump - Google Patents

Heat pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2306125A1
EP2306125A1 EP10009871A EP10009871A EP2306125A1 EP 2306125 A1 EP2306125 A1 EP 2306125A1 EP 10009871 A EP10009871 A EP 10009871A EP 10009871 A EP10009871 A EP 10009871A EP 2306125 A1 EP2306125 A1 EP 2306125A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
heat
evaporator
heat pump
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10009871A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
David Lahora Ponton
Jose Acedo Navarrete
Miguel Angel Besga Echavarri
Felix Gonzalez Sansomedi
Alberto Ruiz De Larramendi Moreno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP2306125A1 publication Critical patent/EP2306125A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/02—Subcoolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/05—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat pump.
  • Heat pumps absorb heat from an environmental heat source or waste heat from another heat source even at relatively low temperatures and make this heat usable in a cycle process for heating purposes.
  • Environmental heat can be used as long as it is warmer than the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle. The problem is that just then much heating is needed when the environmental heat source is usually relatively cold.
  • the invention has for its object to increase the scope of environmental heat sources and thus to allow efficient operation of the heat pump even at very low temperatures of the environmental heat source.
  • the further heat exchanger receives environmental heat, in particular from the same environmental heat source as the evaporator, and / or waste heat of at least one of the other components.
  • the evaporator and the further heat exchanger can be components of an air heat exchanger, wherein the air first flows through the further heat exchanger and then the evaporator.
  • a solar, ground or room waste heat exchanger it is also possible according to the invention for a solar, ground or room waste heat exchanger to be used.
  • the heat from different heat sources can be used.
  • FIG. 1 shows heat pump cycle 1 with a compressor 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4 and an evaporator 5.
  • the condenser 3 is connected to a heating circuit 7.
  • a further heat exchanger 8 is arranged between the condenser 3 and the expansion valve 4.
  • the evaporator 5 and the further heat exchanger 8 are part of an air heat exchanger 9, which has a fan 6.
  • the further heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 5 are connected in series with respect to the air flow, wherein the further heat exchanger 8 is first in the flow direction of the air.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cycle in the log p - h diagram, in which the wet steam area is shown in terms of pressure and enthalpy.
  • the compressor 2 compresses the refrigerant, so behind the compressor 2 (operating point a), a pressure of about 20 * 10 5 Pa and a Temperature of above 50 ° C is present.
  • the condenser 3 the refrigerant is cooled and the heat is transferred to the heating circuit 7. Subsequently (operating point b), the refrigerant is passed to the further heat exchanger 8.
  • ambient air flows in with, for example, 7 ° C;
  • the refrigerant thereby cools in the further heat exchanger 8, while at the same time the ambient air is heated to 9 ° C (point g).
  • the refrigerant Downstream of the further heat exchanger 8 (operating point c), the refrigerant is conducted into the expansion valve 4, where it relaxes and at the same time cools down massively (operating point d).
  • the cold refrigerant flows into the evaporator 5, which is positioned immediately adjacent to the further heat exchanger 8 in the air heat exchanger 9, and there absorbs thermal energy from the heated ambient air.
  • the thereby cooled ambient air flows through the blower 6 at a temperature of about 3 ° C (point h).
  • the refrigerant flows at about 2 * 10 5 Pa (operating point e) back to the compressor to be compressed again there.

Abstract

The heat pump circuit (1) has a heat exchanger (8) arranged between a condenser (3) and an expansion valve (4). An evaporator (5) is directly connected with a compressor (2). The condenser is connected with a heating circuit (7). The evaporator and the heat exchanger are provided as components of an air heat exchanger (9), where air flows through the heat exchanger and the evaporator. The evaporator and the heat exchanger produce heat from an environmental heat source.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Wärmepumpe.The invention relates to a heat pump.

Wärmepumpen nehmen bereits bei relativ tiefen Temperaturen Wärme einer Umweltwärmequelle oder Abwärme einer anderen Wärmequelle auf und machen diese Wärme in einem Kreisprozess für Heizzwecke nutzbar. Umweltwärme kann solange genutzt werden, wie sie wärmer als das Kältemittel im Wärmepumpenkreislauf ist. Problematisch ist, dass gerade dann viel Heizwärme benötigt wird, wenn die Umweltwärmequelle in der Regel relativ kalt ist.Heat pumps absorb heat from an environmental heat source or waste heat from another heat source even at relatively low temperatures and make this heat usable in a cycle process for heating purposes. Environmental heat can be used as long as it is warmer than the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle. The problem is that just then much heating is needed when the environmental heat source is usually relatively cold.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Einsatzbereich von Umweltwärmequellen zu vergrößern und somit einen effizienten Betrieb der Wärmepumpe auch bei sehr niedrigen Temperaturen der Umweltwärmequelle zu ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to increase the scope of environmental heat sources and thus to allow efficient operation of the heat pump even at very low temperatures of the environmental heat source.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies gemäß den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen dem Kondensator und dem Expansionsventil ein weiterer Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist.According to the invention this is achieved according to the features of independent claim 1, characterized in that between the condenser and the expansion valve, a further heat exchanger is arranged.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich durch die Merkmale der abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims.

So ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der weitere Wärmetauscher Umweltwärme, insbesondere von derselben Umweltwärmequelle wie der Verdampfer, und / oder Abwärme mindestens einer der anderen Komponenten aufnimmt. Der Verdampfer und der weitere Wärmetauscher können Bestandteile eines Luftwärmetauschers sein, wobei die Luft zunächst den weiteren Wärmetauscher und dann den Verdampfer durchströmt. Erfindungsgemäß ist es jedoch auch möglich, dass ein Solar-, Erd- oder Raumabwärmetauscher Verwendung findet. Auch kann die Wärme von unterschiedlichen Wärmequellen genutzt werden.Thus, it is particularly advantageous if the further heat exchanger receives environmental heat, in particular from the same environmental heat source as the evaporator, and / or waste heat of at least one of the other components. The evaporator and the further heat exchanger can be components of an air heat exchanger, wherein the air first flows through the further heat exchanger and then the evaporator. However, it is also possible according to the invention for a solar, ground or room waste heat exchanger to be used. Also, the heat from different heat sources can be used.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figuren detailliert erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Wärmepumpenkreislauf sowie
  • Figur 2 ein log p - h - Diagramm, welches den Kreisprozess verdeutlicht.
The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. Hereby show:
  • FIG. 1 a heat pump cycle according to the invention and
  • FIG. 2 a log p - h diagram illustrating the cycle.

Figur 1 zeigt Wärmepumpenkreislauf 1 mit einem Kompressor 2, einem Kondensator 3, einem Expansionsventil 4 und einem Verdampfer 5. Der Kondensator 3 ist mit einem Heizungskreislauf 7 verbunden. Im Gegensatz zu üblichen Wärmepumpenkreisläufen ist zwischen dem Kondensator 3 und dem Expansionsventil 4 ein weiterer Wärmetauscher 8 angeordnet. Der Verdampfer 5 und der weitere Wärmetauscher 8 sind Bestandteil eines Luftwärmetauschers 9, der über ein Gebläse 6 verfügt. Der weitere Wärmetauscher 8 und der Verdampfer 5 sind bezüglich der Luftströmung in Reihe geschaltet, wobei der weitere Wärmetauscher 8 zuerst in der Durchströmungsrichtung der Luft liegt. FIG. 1 shows heat pump cycle 1 with a compressor 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4 and an evaporator 5. The condenser 3 is connected to a heating circuit 7. In contrast to conventional heat pump circuits, a further heat exchanger 8 is arranged between the condenser 3 and the expansion valve 4. The evaporator 5 and the further heat exchanger 8 are part of an air heat exchanger 9, which has a fan 6. The further heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 5 are connected in series with respect to the air flow, wherein the further heat exchanger 8 is first in the flow direction of the air.

Figur 2 zeigt den Kreisprozess im log p - h - Diagramm, in welchem das Naßdampfgebiet bezüglich Druck und Enthalpie dargestellt ist. Der Kompressor 2 verdichtet das Kältemittel, so hinter dem Kompressor 2 (Betriebspunkt a) ein Druck von über 20 * 105 Pa und eine Temperatur von über 50°C vorliegt. Im Kondensator 3 wird das Kältemittel abgekühlt und die Wärme auf den Heizungskreislauf 7 übertragen. Anschließend (Betriebspunkt b) wird das Kältemittel zum weiteren Wärmetauscher 8 geleitet. Hier strömt Umgebungsluft (Punkt f) mit beispielsweise 7°C ein; das Kältemittel kühlt hierdurch im weiteren Wärmetauscher 8 ab, während gleichzeitig die Umgebungsluft auf 9°C erwärmt wird (Punkt g). Stromab des weiteren Wärmetauschers 8 (Betriebspunkt c) wird das Kältemittel in das Expansionsventil 4 geleitet, wo es sich entspannt und zugleich massiv abkühlt (Betriebspunkt d). Das kalte Kältemittel strömt in den Verdampfer 5, der unmittelbar neben dem weiteren Wärmetauscher 8 im Luftwärmetauscher 9 positioniert ist, und nimmt dort thermische Energie von der erwärmten Umgebungsluft auf. Die hierdurch abgekühlte Umgebungsluft strömt durch das Gebläse 6 mit einer Temperatur von etwa 3°C (Punkt h). Das Kältemittel strömt mit etwa 2 * 105 Pa (Betriebspunkt e) zum Kompressor zurück, um dort wieder komprimiert zu werden. FIG. 2 shows the cycle in the log p - h diagram, in which the wet steam area is shown in terms of pressure and enthalpy. The compressor 2 compresses the refrigerant, so behind the compressor 2 (operating point a), a pressure of about 20 * 10 5 Pa and a Temperature of above 50 ° C is present. In the condenser 3, the refrigerant is cooled and the heat is transferred to the heating circuit 7. Subsequently (operating point b), the refrigerant is passed to the further heat exchanger 8. Here, ambient air (point f) flows in with, for example, 7 ° C; The refrigerant thereby cools in the further heat exchanger 8, while at the same time the ambient air is heated to 9 ° C (point g). Downstream of the further heat exchanger 8 (operating point c), the refrigerant is conducted into the expansion valve 4, where it relaxes and at the same time cools down massively (operating point d). The cold refrigerant flows into the evaporator 5, which is positioned immediately adjacent to the further heat exchanger 8 in the air heat exchanger 9, and there absorbs thermal energy from the heated ambient air. The thereby cooled ambient air flows through the blower 6 at a temperature of about 3 ° C (point h). The refrigerant flows at about 2 * 10 5 Pa (operating point e) back to the compressor to be compressed again there.

Claims (6)

Wärmepumpenkreislauf (1) mit mindestens einem Kompressor (2), einem Kondensator (3), einem Expansionsventil (4) und einem Verdampfer (5),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Kondensator (3) und dem Expansionsventil (4) ein weiterer Wärmetauscher (8) angeordnet ist und der Verdampfer (5) direkt mit dem Kompressor (2) verbunden ist.Heat pump circuit (1) with at least one compressor (2), a condenser (3), an expansion valve (4) and an evaporator (5),
characterized in that between the condenser (3) and the expansion valve (4), a further heat exchanger (8) is arranged and the evaporator (5) is connected directly to the compressor (2). Wärmepumpenkreislauf (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der weitere Wärmetauscher (8) Umweltwärme und / oder Abwärme mindestens einer der anderen Komponenten aufnimmt.Heat pump circuit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the further heat exchanger (8) receives environmental heat and / or waste heat of at least one of the other components. Wärmepumpenkreislauf (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verdampfer (5) und der weitere Wärmetauscher (8) Wärme von derselben Umweltwärmequelle beziehen.A heat pump cycle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the evaporator (5) and the further heat exchanger (8) draw heat from the same environmental heat source. Wärmepumpenkreislauf (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verdampfer (5) und der weitere Wärmetauscher (8) Bestandteile eines Luftwärmetauschers (9) sind, wobei die Luft zunächst den weiteren Wärmetauscher (8) und dann den Verdampfer (5) durchströmt.Heat pump cycle (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the evaporator (5) and the further heat exchanger (8) components of a Air heat exchanger (9), wherein the air first flows through the further heat exchanger (8) and then the evaporator (5). Wärmepumpenkreislauf (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verdampfer (5) und der weitere Wärmetauscher (8) Bestandteile eines Solar-, Erd- oder Raumabwärmetauschers (9) sind.Heat pump circuit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the evaporator (5) and the further heat exchanger (8) are components of a solar, earth or space heat exchanger (9). Wärmepumpenkreislauf (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der weitere Wärmetauscher (8) von einer anderen Wärmequelle Wärme bezieht als der Verdampfer (5).Heat pump circuit (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the further heat exchanger (8) from another heat source heat refers to the evaporator (5).
EP10009871A 2009-09-28 2010-09-18 Heat pump Withdrawn EP2306125A1 (en)

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AT15182009 2009-09-28

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012128610A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 Thermo Hygro Consultants Sdn Bhd Liquid line subcooler and method of subcooling working fluid entering metering device
DE102018115749B4 (en) 2018-06-29 2021-08-12 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Cooling module

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2712110A1 (en) * 1977-03-19 1978-09-21 Bbc York Kaelte Klima Combined system for heating and cooling - has refrigerating circuit with auxiliary condenser which is loaded at predetermined refrigerant pressure
DE2758737A1 (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-07-05 Siemens Ag Heat pump unit drive - with main medium and cooling medium flow simultaneously supplying heat within evaporator for exchange
DE2921257A1 (en) * 1979-05-25 1980-12-04 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Heat pump for central heating - combines heat exchanger and evaporator in common unit in refrigeration section of circuit
DE3029014A1 (en) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-25 Alfred 2851 Rechtenfleth Steinforth Heat pump extracting heat from air or water - uses medium or other medium in liquid or vapour form to cool refrigerant
EP1650508A2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Heat-pump type hot water supply system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2712110A1 (en) * 1977-03-19 1978-09-21 Bbc York Kaelte Klima Combined system for heating and cooling - has refrigerating circuit with auxiliary condenser which is loaded at predetermined refrigerant pressure
DE2758737A1 (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-07-05 Siemens Ag Heat pump unit drive - with main medium and cooling medium flow simultaneously supplying heat within evaporator for exchange
DE2921257A1 (en) * 1979-05-25 1980-12-04 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Heat pump for central heating - combines heat exchanger and evaporator in common unit in refrigeration section of circuit
DE3029014A1 (en) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-25 Alfred 2851 Rechtenfleth Steinforth Heat pump extracting heat from air or water - uses medium or other medium in liquid or vapour form to cool refrigerant
EP1650508A2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Heat-pump type hot water supply system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012128610A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 Thermo Hygro Consultants Sdn Bhd Liquid line subcooler and method of subcooling working fluid entering metering device
DE102018115749B4 (en) 2018-06-29 2021-08-12 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Cooling module

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